Kimia Bahagian B Dan C

KOLEKSI SOALAN KIMIA KERTAS 2
BAHAGIAN B & BAHAGIAN C

(MODUL ULANGKAJI BERTOPIK)
TINGKATAN 4 & 5
DISUSUN OLEH:
CIKGU SITI RUSILAWATI BINTI TOMIN
SMK TRIANG 3, BERA
NAMA:
SEKOLAH :
KELAS :
MODUL ULANGKAJI BERTOPIK KIMIA
2 BAHAGIAN B DAN BAHAGIAN C
KANDUNGAN MODUL ULANGKAJI BERTOPIK

KIMIA BAHAGIAN B & BAHAGIAN C
BAHAGIAN B
TINGKATAN 4 :
o Chapter 5 : Chemical Bonds ---3 - 14
o Chapter 7 : Acids And Bases ---15 - 16
o Chapter 8 : Salts ---17 - 20
o Chapter 9 : Manufactured Substances In Industry ---21 - 22
TINGKATAN 5 :
o Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction ---23 – 24

o Chapter 2 : Carbon Compound ---25 – 35
o Chapter 3 : Oxidation and Reduction ---36 - 38
o Chapter 5 : Chemicals For Consumers ---38 - 39
BAHAGIAN C
TINGKATAN 4 :
o Chapter 3 : Chemical Formulae And Equations ---40 – 41
o Chapter 6 : Electrochemistry ---42 - 46
o Chapter 8 : Salts ---47
o Chapter 9 : Manufactured Substances In Industry ---48 - 49
TINGKATAN 5 :
o Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction ---50 – 56

o Chapter 2 : Carbon Compound ---57 – 58
o Chapter 3 : Oxidation and Reduction ---59 - 68
o Chapter 4 : Thermochemistry ---69 - 72
©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

BAHAGIAN B
TINGKATAN 4
Chapter 5 : Chemical Bonds
[KEDAH 2017, No 8]
8 Diagram 8.1 shows the symbol of three elements.

Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan simbol bagi tiga unsur.
12 16 23
W X Z
6 8 11
Diagram 8.1
Rajah 8.1
(a) Write the electron arrangement for atom X. Explain the position of the element in the
Periodic Table of Elements.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X. Terangkan kedudukan unsur tersebut
dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
[4 marks]
(b) (i) Both elements W and Z can react with element X to form different compounds.
Write an equation to show the formation of each compound.
Kedua-dua unsur W dan Z boleh bertindak balas dengan unsur X untuk
menghasilkan sebatian yang berbeza. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi pembentukan
setiap sebatian.
(ii) In another reaction, 0.1 mol of chlorine gas react completely with element Z.
Write an equation for the reaction, hence determine the number of mole of Z
that has reacted.
Dalam tindak balas lain, 0.1 mol gas klorin bertindak balas lengkap dengan unsur
Z. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut, seterusnya tentukan
bilangan mol unsur Z yang telah bertindak balas.
[6 marks]

(c) Diagram 8.2 shows a flow chart when substances C is dissolved in two different
solvent, water and solvent D, and the properties of solution formed.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan carta aliran apabila bahan C dilarutkan dalam dua pelarut
berlainan, air dan pelarut D dan sifat-sifat larutan yang terhasil.
Substance C
Bahan C
+ Water + Solvent D
Air Pelarut D
Solution E Solution F
Larutan E Larutan F
Can conduct electricity Cannnot conduct electricity

Boleh mengalirkan elektrik Tidak boleh mengalirkan elektrik
Change the colour of litmus paper blue to red Does not change the colour of litmus paper blue to
Mengubah warna kertas litmus biru ke red
merah Tidak mengubah warna kertas litmus biru ke
merah
Diagram 8.2
Rajah 8.2
Based on diagram,
Berdasarkan rajah,
(i) Suggest substance C and solvent D.

Solvent D is suitable to be used to remove the nail varnish. Explain why.
Cadangkan bahan C dan pelarut D.
Pelarut D sesuai digunakan untuk menanggalkan varnis kuku. Terangkan mengapa.
(ii) Explain the differences in properties between solution E and solution F.

Terangkan perbezaan sifat antara larutan E dengan larutan F
[10 marks]

[PERLIS 2017, No 7]
7 Diagram 7.1 and 7.2 shows the electron arrangement for XY2 and PQ2 compounds.
Rajah 7.1 dan 7.2 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi sebatian XY2 dan PQ2
- 2+ -
X
Y Y
Diagram 7.1
Rajah 7.1
Q P Q
Diagram 7.2
Rajah 7.2
(a) Based on Diagram 7.1, explain the position of element Y in the Periodic Table
of elements.
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1, terangkan kedudukan unsur Y dalam Jadual Berkala unsur.
[5 marks]

(b) Based on Diagram 7.2, explain the formation of PQ2 compound.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2, terangkan pembentukan sebatian PQ2 .
[5 marks]
(c) Table 7.1 and 7.2 shows the apparatus set up and observations obtained by Naim when
he conducts two experiments to determine the melting point and electrical conductivity
of ionic and covalent compounds.
Jadual 7.1 dan 7.2 menunjukkan susunan radas dan pemerhatian yang di perolehi oleh
Naim apabila dia menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk menentukan takat lebur dan
kekonduksian elektrik bagi sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen.
Results:
Keputusan:
Experiment I: Determine the melting point of ionic and covalent compounds.

Eksperimen I: Menentukan takat lebur sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen
Substance Apparatus set-up Observation

Sebatian Susunan radas Pemerhatian
Magnesium White solid remain
chloride even after 10 minutes
Magnesium Pepejal putih kekal
klorida walaupun selepas 10
minit
Hexane Colourless liquid

Heksana disappears and the test
tube becomes dry after
10 minutes
Cecair tidak berwarna
hilang dan tabung uji
menjadi kering selepas
10 minit
Table 7.1
Jadual 7.1

Experiment II: Determine electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent compounds.

Eksperimen II: Menentukan kekonduksian elektrik bagi sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen
Substance Apparatus set-up Observation

Sebatian Susunan radas Pemerhatian
Lead(II) bromide The bulb does not

Plumbum(II) bromida light up
Mentol tidak menyala
The bulb light up
Mentol menyala
Naphthalene The bulb does not

Naftalena light up
The bulb does not
light up
Magnesium chloride The bulb light up
Magnesium klorida Mentol menyala
Table 7.2
Jadual 7.2
Based on your observation in Table 7.1 dan 7.2 , state the different in observation of
 Melting point and
 Electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent
compounds Explain your answer.
Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda dalam Jadual 7.1 dan 7.2, nyatakan perbezaan
pemerhatian bagi
 Takat lebur dan

 Kekonduksian elektrik bagi sebatian ionik dan sebatian
kovalen. Terangkan jawapan anda.
[10 marks]

[JULANG SET 1 2017, No 8]



[MRSM 2016, No 7]
7 Table 7.1 shows the standard representation for sodium and chlorine atom.
Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan perwakilan piawai bagi atom natrium dan klorin.
Standard Representation
Perwakilan Piawai
Table 7.1
Jadual 7.1
(a) (i) Based on the Table 7.1, explain the position of sodium and
chlorine element in the Periodic Table of Elements.
Berdasarkan Jadual 7.1, terangkan kedudukan unsur natrium dan
klorin dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

(ii)
Apparatus set-up
Susunan radas
Gas jar spoon
Sudu balang gas
Gas jar
Balang gas
Diagram 7.2
Rajah 7.2
Diagram 7.2 shows apparatus set up for the reaction between sodium and chlorine
gas.
Explain how the compound is formed and draw the electron arrangement of the
compound.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi tindak balas antara natrium dan gas
klorin.
Terangkan bagaimana sebatian itu terbentuk dan lukis susunan elektron untuk
sebatian tersebut.
[7 marks]
(iii) Chlorine atom can react with carbon atom to form another type of compound.
Compare the melting point of the compound formed with the melting point of the
compound in a(ii).
Explain your answer.
Atom klorin boleh bertindak balas dengan atom karbon untuk menghasilkan
satu sebatian lain.
Bandingkan takat lebur bagi sebatian yang terhasil dengan takat lebur sebatian di
a(ii).
Terangkan jawapan anda.
[5 marks]

(b) Diagram 7.3 shows the results when argon and oxygen gas is filled into a bulb.
Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan pemerhatian apabila gas argon dan oksigen diisi
ke dalam mentol.
Tungsten
Argon
Switch on
Suis dihidupkan
Bulb lights up
Mentol menyala
Tungsten
Oxygen
Switch on
Suis dihidupkan
Tungsten burnt and bulb does not lights up

Tungsten terbakar dan mentol tidak menyala
Diagram 7.3
Rajah 7.3
Based on Diagram 7.3, explain why argon is more suitable to be filled in the bulb
than oxygen.
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.3, terangkan mengapa mentol lampu lebih sesuai diisi
dengan gas argon berbanding gas oksigen.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

[PULAU PINANG 2016, No 7]
7. (a) Table 7 shows the proton number of elements X, Y and Z.

Jadual 7 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi unsur-unsur X, Y dan Z.
Element Proton number

Unsur Nombor proton
X 6
Y 11
Z 17
Table 7
Jadual 7
Element Z reacts with iron wool to form a halide compound.

Unsur Z bertindak balas dengan wul besi untuk membentuk sebatian halida.
(i) State the position of element Z in the Periodic table of elements.

Explain the position of element Z based on its electron arrangement.
Nyatakan kedudukan unsur Z dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
Terangkan kedudukan unsur Z berdasarkan susunan elektron.
(ii) State one observation when element Z reacts with iron wool.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian apabila unsur Z bertindak balas dengan wul besi.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) Reaction between element Y and cold water produces hydrogen gas.
Tindak balas antara unsur Y dengan air sejuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
Tulis satu persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas yang terlibat.
(ii) Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas that may be released at room conditions if 2.3 g of
element Y is used in the reaction.
Hitung isi padu gas hidrogen yang mungkin dibebaskan pada keadan bilik jika 2.3 g
unsur Y digunakan dalam tindak balas tersebut.
[Relative atomic mass of Y, 23; molar volume = 24 dm3 mol-1]

[Jisim atom relatif Y, 23; isi padu molar = 24 dm3 mol-1]
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
(c) Explain the formation of two compounds from these elements. The two compounds should
have different types of bonds.
Nyatakan pembentukan dua sebatian daripada unsur-unsur itu. Kedua-dua sebatian
seharusnya mempunyai ikatan yang berlainan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

Chapter 7 : Acids And Bases
8. (a) Table 8 shows the information of two types of acids.

Jadual 8 menunjukkan maklumat tentang dua jenis asid.
Acid Concentration / mol dm-3 pH value

Asid Kepekatan / mol dm-3 Nilai pH
Acid A
0.5 1
Asid A
Acid B
0.5 4
Asid B
Table 8
Jadual 8
Based on the information in Table 8,

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Jadual 8,
(i) Name acid A and acid B

Namakan asid A dan asid B
(ii) Explain why acid A and acid B with the same concentration have different pH values.
Terangkan mengapa asid A dan asid B dengan kepekatan yang sama mempunyai nilai
pH yang berbeza.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(b) The following are two chemical substances. The reaction between hydrochloric acid with each
substance below can show the chemical properties of acid.
Berikut adalah dua bahan kimia. Tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dengan setiap bahan
kimia di bawah dapat menunjukkan sifat-sifat kimia asid.
 Magnesium
Magnesium
 Calcium carbonate
Kalsium karbonat
Explain the chemical reactions of the acid and write the chemical equation for each reaction.
Terangkan tindak balas asid tersebut dan tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi setiap tindak balas.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

(c) Diagram 8 show the set up of apparatus and the observations involved in Set I and Set II.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas dan pemerhatian yang terlibat bagi Set I dan Set II.
Set I Set II
Ammonia in Ammonia in
solvent X solvent Y
Ammonia Ammonia
Observation : Bulb lights up Observation : Bulb does not light up
Pemerhatian : Mentol menyala Pemerhatian : Mentol tidak menyala
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
Based on the information in Diagram 8

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Rajah 8
(i) Name an example of solvent X and solvent Y.

Namakan satu contoh bagi pelarut X dan pelarut Y.
(ii) Explain why the bulb in Set I lights up while the bulb in Set II does not light up.
Terangkan mengapa mentol dalam Set I menyala manakala mentol dalam Set II tidak
menyala.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(d) Fertilisers are commonly used for growing crops. Mr Rosdi, a farmer has two types of
fertilisers which are ammonium suphate, (NH4)2SO4 and urea, CO(NH2)2.
Baja digunakan secara meluas untuk menyuburkan tanaman. Encik Rosdi, seorang petani,
mempunyai dua jenis baja iaitu, ammonium sulfat, (NH4)2SO4 dan urea, CO(NH2)2.
(i) Name one element in the fertilisers above which is required for normal and healthy growth
of plants.
Namakan satu unsur dalam baja di atas yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan tumbuhan
yang normal dan sihat.
(ii) If you are Mr Rosdi, which fertiliser will you choose? Explain your answer.
Jika anda sebagai Encik Rosdi, baja manakah yang akan anda pilih? Terangkan jawapan
anda.
[Relative atomic mass: N,14; C,12; H,1; O,16]
[Jisim atom relatif: N,14; C,12; H,1; O,16]
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

Chapter 8 : Salts
[TERENGGANU 2017, No 7]
7 (a) Epsom salt is scientifically known as magnesium sulphate is used as a natural remedy to
relieve muscle pain. In laboratory, the salt can be made in a number of methods such as:
I. Adding a metal to an acid
II. Adding an oxide metal to an acid
For each of the method above, state the name of the substances needed to prepare
magnesium sulphate.
Garam Epsom yang dikenali secara saintifik sebagai magnesium sulfat merupakan satu
penawar semulajadi untuk melegakan sakit otot. Di dalam makmal, garam tersebut boleh
dihasilkan melalui beberapa kaedah seperti :
I. Menambahkan logam kepada asid
II. Menambahkan oksida logam kepada asid
Bagi setiap kaedah di atas, nyatakan nama bagi bahan-bahan yang diperlukan untuk
menyediakan magnesium sulfat.
[4 marks]
(b) Diagram 7.1 shows the conversion of salt X to solid Y and gas Z.
Salt X is a green solid which insoluble in water while solid Y produced is a black solid.
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan pertukaran garam X kepada pepejal Y dan gas Z.
Garam X merupakan pepejal hijau yang tak larut dalam air manakala pepejal Y yang
terhasil berwarna hitam.
Diagram 7.1 / Rajah 7.1
(i) Based on Diagram 7.1, identify salt X, solid Y and gas Z.

Describe a chemical test for gas Z.
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1, kenal pasti garam X, pepejal Y dan gas Z.
Huraikan ujian kimia bagi gas Z.
[5 marks]

(ii) Diagram 7.2 shows the reaction between solid Y and nitric acid.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan tindak balas antara pepejal Y dan asid nitrik.
Diagram 7.2 / Rajah 7.2
Name the product formed from the reaction.

Describe briefly a chemical test to verify the anion and cation in solution formed.
Namakan hasil yang terbentuk daripada tindak balas itu.
Huraikan secara ringkas ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan kation dan anion dalam
larutan yang terhasil.
[6 marks]
.
(iii) If 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid reacts with excess solid Y, write the chemical
equation for the reaction and calculate the mass of the product formed.
[Molar mass of the product = 188 g mol-1]
Jika 50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3 bertindak balas dengan pepejal Y berlebihan,
tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu dan hitung jisim hasil tindak balas
yang terbentuk.
[Jisim molar hasil tindak balas = 188 g mol-1]
[5 marks]

[MRSM 2016, No 8]
8 (a) Diagram 8.1 shows a few examples of food additive which is being permitted
to be added to food.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan beberapa contoh bahan tambah makanan yang dibenarkan
untuk di tambah kepada makanan.
Food Act 1983, allows only a certain quantity of

chemicals to be added to food.
Akta makanan 1983, membenarkan hanya kuantiti tertentu bahan
kimia ditambah ke dalam makanan
Benzoic acid / Asid benzoik : < 350mg/ kg

Ascorbic acid / Asid askorbik : <350 mg/kg
Pentyl Ethanoate / Pentil etanoat
: < 200 mg/litre
Acacia gum / Gam akasia
Diagram 8.1
Rajah 8.1
(i) State two types of food additive permitted by Food Act and state the function
for each type of food additives.
Nyatakan dua jenis bahan tambah makanan yang dibenarkan oleh Akta
Makanan dan nyatakan fungsi bagi setiap bahan tambah makanan tersebut.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(ii) State one advantage and one disadvantage about the uses of food additives in
daily life.
Nyatakan satu kebaikan dan satu keburukan tentang penggunaan bahan tambah
makanan dalam kehidupan.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(iii) Mahmud and Ah Seng are close friends.

 Mahmud‘s right leg is swollen due to bacterial infection.
 Ah Seng is suffering from headache.
Mahmud dan Ah Seng adalah sahabat baik.

 Kaki kanan Mahmud bengkak akibat jangkitan bakteria.
 Ah Seng mengalami sakit kepala
They consult a doctor and different types of medicines are prescribed to

each of them.
State the type of medicine prescribed respectively and give the correct
usage.
Mereka berjumpa dengan doktor dan ubat yang berlainan jenis
dipreskripsikan kepada mereka.
Nyatakan jenis ubat dan cara penggunaannya yang betul.
[4 marks]
[4 marks]
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a series of reaction starting from calcium carbonate, CaCO3.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas bermula daripada
kalsium karbonat, CaCO3.
Solution S Gas U
CaCO3 + HNO3 + + H2O
Larutan S
Heat
panaskan
CaO + Gas U
Diagram 8.2
Rajah 8.2
Based on Diagram 8.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 8.2,
(i) Identify gas U. Describe a chemical test to verify gas U.

Kenal pasti gas U. Huraikan ujian kimia untuk menentusahkan gas U.
(ii) Describe a chemical test to determine the presence of anion

in the solution S.
Huraikan ujian kimia untuk menentukan kehadiran anion dalam
larutan S.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

Chapter 9 : Manufactured Substances In Industry

[KEDAH 2015, No 7]
7 Table 7 shows the information on two types of acids.

Jadual 7 menunjukkan maklumat tentang dua jenis asid.
pH value
Acid Concentration / mol dm-3
Nilai pH
Asid Kepekatan / mol dm-3
Acid X
1.0 1
Asid X
Acid Y
1.0 4
Asid Y
Table 7
Jadual 7
(a) Based on the table 7, explain why acid X and acid Y with the same concentration has different
pH values.
Berdasarkan jadual 7, terangkan mengapa asid X dan asid Y dengan kepekatan yang sama
tetapi mempunyai nilai pH yang berbeza.
[5 marks]
(b) Diagram 7 shows series of reactions to produce two type of fertilisers, Q and urea.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan siri tindak balas untuk menghasilkan dua jenis baja, Q dan urea.
Diagram 7
Rajah 7

Based on diagram 7,
Berdasarkan rajah 7,
(i) Determine acid P, fertiliser Q, substance R and gas T.

Tentukan asid P, baja Q, bahan R dan gas T.
[4 marks]
(ii) Write balanced chemical equation for reaction 1 and reaction 2.

Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas 1 dan tindak balas 2.
[4 marks]
(c) (i) Encik Ahmad, a farmer found that the soil in his farm becomes acidic, so he decided to
use substance R to overcome the problem.
Explain how substance R can do so.
Encik Ahmad, seorang petani mendapati tanah di ladangnya menjadi berasid, maka beliau
bercadang menggunakan bahan R untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Terangkan
bagaimana bahan R boleh bertindak demikian.
[2 marks]
(iii) Fertilisers are commonly used for growing crops. How can you help Encik Ahmad to
determine the best fertiliser between fertiliser Q and urea?
Explain why?
Baja digunakan secara meluas untuk menyuburkan tanaman. Bagaimana anda boleh
membantu Encik Ahmad untuk menentukan sama ada baja Q atau urea adalah yang
terbaik?
Terangkan mengapa?
[Relative atomic mass: N=14, C=12, H=1, O=16]

Jisim atom relatif: N=14, C=12, H=1, O=16]
[5 marks]

BAHAGIAN B
TINGKATAN 5
Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction
[KEDAH 2017, No 7]
7 (a) Table 7 shows the data obtained in an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on
the rate of reaction when sodium thiosulphate solution reacted with an acid P. Sodium
sulphate and three other substances are produced during the reaction.
Jadual 7 menunjukkan data yang diperoleh daripada satu eksperimen yang dijalankan
untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar tindak balas apabila larutan natrium tiosulfat
bertindak balas dengan satu asid P. Natrium sulfat dan tiga bahan lain terbentuk dalam
tindak balas ini.
Experiment 1 2 3 4 5
Eksperimen
The temperature of sodium thiosulphate
solution/ oC 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0
Suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat / oC
Time for ‘X’ to disappear from sight/ s
Masa untuk tanda ‘X ’ tidak kelihatan/ s 80 45 30 21 17
Table 7
Jadual 7
(i) Name acid P. Write an ionic equation for the reaction.What is meant by rate of
reaction in this reaction ?
Namakan asid P. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas ini. Apakah yang
dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas dalam tindak balas ini ?
[4 marks]
(ii) Based on Table 7, plot a graph of temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

against time. [use your own graph paper]
Berdasarkan Jadual 7, lukiskan satu graf suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat melawan
masa. [gunakan kertas graf anda sendiri]
[3 marks]
(iii) Based on the graph obtained in (a)(ii) and using the collision theory, explain
how the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affects the rate of reaction.
Berdasarkan graf yang diperolehi dalam (a)(ii) dan menggunakan teori
perlanggaran, terangkan bagaimana suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat mempengaruhi
kadar tindak balas.
[5 marks]

(b) Diagram 7 shows the equation for decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide
by using manganese(IV) oxide as catalyst.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan persamaan bagi tindak balas penguraian hidrogen peroksida
dengan menggunakan mangan(IV) oksida sebagai mangkin.
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
By using same axes, sketch an energy profile diagram to show

 Activation energy without catalyst, Ea
 Activation energy with catalyst, Ea’
Hence, explain how catalyst affect the rate of reaction by using collision theory.
Dengan menggunakan paksi yang sama, lakarkan gambar rajah profil tenaga bagi
menunjukkan
 Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin, Ea
 Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, Ea’
Seterusnya, terangkan bagaimana mangkin mempengaruhi kadar tindak
balas dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran.
[8 marks]

Chapter 2 : Carbon Compound

8 (a) Table 8 shows esters and their flavours.

Jadual 8 menunjukkan ester dan perisanya.
Ester Flavour
Ester Perisa
Ethyl butanoate Pineapple
Etil butanoat Nanas
Methyl propanoate Apple
Metal propanoat Epal
Pentyl butanoate Banana
Pentil butanoat Pisang
Table 8 / Jadual 8
Ahmad wants to produce ester in a laboratory that has a pineapple flavour.

State the alcohol and the carboxylic acid to be used for preparing the ester.
Write the chemical equation to prepare the ester.
Calculate the mass of the alcohol will be used to get 1.16 g of the ester
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]
Ahmad ingin menyediakan ester di dalam makmal sekolah yang perisa nanas.
Nyatakan alkohol dan asid karboksilik yang akan diguna untuk menyediakan ester itu.
Hitung jisim alkohol yang akan digunakan bagi mendapatkan 1.16 g ester itu.
[Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]
[6 marks]
(b) Diagram 8 shows how the compound X and the alcohol Y formed from the compound W
and structural formula, melting and boiling point and electrical conductivity of compound
W and compound X.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan bagaimana sebatian X dan alkohol Y terbentuk daripada Sebatian

W dan formula struktur, takat lebur dan takat didih serta kekonduksian elektrik bagi
sebatian W dan sebatian X.

Compound X + H2 Compound W Alcohol Y

Sebatian X Sebatian W Alkohol Y
180 oC
 Structural formula : Nickel as catalyst  Structural formula :
Formula struktur : Nikel sebagai mangkin Formula struktur :
 Low melting and boiling  Low melting and boiling

point. point.
Takat lebur dan takat Takat lebur dan takat
didih rendah. didih rendah
 Cannot conduct  Cannot conduct

electricity in any state. electricity in any state.
Tidak mengalirkan arus Tidak mengalirkan arus
elektrik dalam semua elektrik dalam semua
keadaan. keadaan.
(i) Compare and contrast between compound W and compound X in terms of

 Type of hydrocarbon
 Physical properties
 Reaction with bromine water
 Sootiness of flame when burning
Explain each of your comparisons.
Banding dan bezakan antara sebatian W dan sebatian X dari segi

 Jenis hidrokarbon
 Sifat-sifat fizik
 Tindak balas dengan air bromin
 Kejelagaan nyalaan apabila dibakar
Terangkan setiap perbandingan anda.

[8 marks]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of alcohol Y and name the alcohol.
State the optimum condition for producing of alcohol Y from compound W.
Write the chemical equation involved.
Lukis formula struktur bagi alkohol Y dan namakan alkohol itu.

Nyatakan keadaan yang optimum bagi menghasilkan alkohol Y daripada sebatian
W.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[6 marks]







[KEDAH 2015, No 8]
8 Table 8.1 show few carbon compounds with their structural formula.
Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan beberapa sebatian karbon dan formula struktur masing-masing.
Compound Structural formula

Sebatian Formula struktur
H H H
| | |
P H–C–C–C-H
| | |
H H H
H H H
| | |
Q
H–C–C=C-H
|
H
H H
| |
R
H – C – C – OH
| |
H H
H H H O
| | | ||
S
H – C – C – C – C – O-H
| | |
H H H
Table 8.1
Jadual 8.1
(a) (i) Compare and contrast the sootiness of compound P and compound Q when burnt in
excess of oxygen. Explain your answer.
Bandingkan dan bezakan kejelagaan sebatian P dan sebatian Q apabila terbakar
dalam oksigen berlebihan. Terangkan jawapan anda.
[Relative atomic mass: C=12, H=1]

[Jisim atom relatif:C=12,H=1]
[4 marks]

(ii) Table 8.2 shows the results of a test on compounds P and Q.

Jadual 8.2 menunjukkan keputusan bagi suatu ujian keatas sebatian P dan
sebatian Q.
Test Method Observation

Ujian Kaedah Pemerhatian
Compound P is shaken with Brown bromine water remain

bromine water in a test tube. unchanged.
I Sebatian P digoncang dengan Warna perang air bromin
air bromin dalam suatu tabung tidak berubah.
uji.
Compound Q is shaken with Brown bromine water
bromine water in a test tube. decolourised.
II Sebatian Q digoncang dengan Warna perang air bromin
air bromin dalam suatu tabung dinyahwarnakan.
uji.
Table 8.2
Jadual 8.2
Based on Table 8.2, explain the difference in the observation.

Berdasarkan Jadual 8.2, terangkan perbezaan dalam pemerhatian.
[4 marks]
(a) 2.3 g of compound R is burnt completely in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas
and water.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction and determine the volume of carbon dioxide
gas produced.
2.3 g sebatian R terbakar dengan lengkap dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk menghasilkan
gas karbon dioksida dan air.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut dan tentukan isipadu gas karbon
dioksida yang terhasil.
[Molar mass of R=46,molar volume at room condition= 24 dm3 mol-1]

[Jisim molar R =46, isipadu molar gas pada keadaan bilik = 24 dm3 mol-1]
[5 marks]

(b) Diagram 8 shows foods contain ester.

Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan makanan yang mengandungi ester.
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
(i) State two compounds from Table 8.1 that react to produce ester.
Name and draw the structural formula of the ester formed.
Nyatakan dua sebatian daripada Jadual 8.1 yang bertindak balas untuk menghasilkan
ester. Namakan dan lukiskan formula struktur bagi ester yang terbentuk.
[4 marks]
(ii) Acid T is used as catalyst during esterification reaction. When concentrated acid T spills
on marble floor bubbles are formed.
Name acid T and write the ionic equation for the reaction.
Asid T digunakan sebagai mangkin semasa tindak balas pengesteran. Apabila asid T yang
pekat tumpah ke atas lantai marmar gelembung gas terbentuk. Namakan asid T dan
tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas tersebut.
[3 marks]

Chapter 3 : Oxidation and Reduction

[PERLIS 2017, No 8]
8 (a) The following are the formulae of two compounds.

Berikut adalah formula bagi dua sebatian.
Al2O3 Fe2O3
(i) Based on the two formulae, state the oxidation number for aluminium and iron.
Berdasarkan dua formula itu, nyatakan nombor pengoksidaan bagi aluminium
dan besi.
[2 marks]
(ii) Name both the compounds based on the IUPAC nomenclature system.
Namakan kedua-dua sebatian itu mengikut sistem tatanama IUPAC.
[2 marks]
(iii) Explain the difference between the names of the two compounds based on the
IUPAC nomenclature system.
Jelaskan perbezaan antara nama kedua-dua sebatian itu mengikut sistem
tatanama IUPAC.
[3 marks]

(b) Table 8 shows the observation of reactions occurs in three different situations.
Jadual 8 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam tiga situasi
berbeza.
Reaction Observation
Tindak balas Pemerhatian
Experiment I  green solution change to
Eksperimen I brown.
Acidified larutan hijau berubah
potassium kepada perang.
manganate(VII)  purple solution change to
solution colourless
Ferum(II) Larutan kalium larutan ungu berubah
sulphate solution manganat(VII) kepada tidak berwarna
Larutan berasid  Needle of galvanometer
ferum(II) sulfat deflect
Dilute sulphuric acid Jarum galvanometer
Asid sulfurik cair terpesong
Experiment II  green solution change to

Eksperimen II colourless.
larutan hijau berubah
kepada tidak berwarna.
 Magnesium dissolves
Magnesium melarut
Experiment III  Ferum becomes thinner

Eksperimen III Ferum menjadi nipis
 Blue spot formed

Tompok biru terhasil
Ferum
Copper Ferum
Kuprum
Jelly + potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution

Agar-agar + larutan kalium heksasionoferat(III)
Table 8
Jadual 8

Based on the observation in Table 8,

Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Jadual 8,
(i) State the role of ferum(II) sulphate solution in Experiment I and Experiment
II. Nyatakan peranan larutan ferum(II) sulfat dalam Eksperimen I dan
Eksperimen II
[2 marks]
(ii) Write the half equations of oxidation and reduction in Experiment II or

Experiment III.
Tulis setengah persamaan bagi pengoksidaan dan penurunan
dalam Eksperimen II atau Eksperimen III.
(c) Explain the differences in the observation for Experiment I, II and III based on Redox
reaction.
Terangkan perbezaan pemerhatian bagi Eksperimen I, II dan III berdasarkan Tindak
balas redoks.
[9 marks]
Chapter 5 : Chemicals For Consumers

[MRSM 2016, No 8]
8 (a) Diagram 8.1 shows a few examples of food additive which is being permitted to be
added to food.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan beberapa contoh bahan tambah makanan yang dibenarkan
untuk di tambah kepada makanan.
Food Act 1983, allows only a certain quantity of

chemicals to be added to food.
Akta makanan 1983, membenarkan hanya kuantiti tertentu bahan
kimia ditambah ke dalam makanan
Benzoic acid / Asid benzoik : < 350mg/ kg

Ascorbic acid / Asid askorbik : <350 mg/kg
Pentyl Ethanoate / Pentil etanoat
: < 200 mg/litre
Acacia gum / Gam akasia
Diagram 8.1
Rajah 8.1
(i) State two types of food additive permitted by Food Act and state the function for
each type of food additives.
Nyatakan dua jenis bahan tambah makanan yang dibenarkan oleh Akta Makanan
dan nyatakan fungsi bagi setiap bahan tambah makanan tersebut.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(ii) State one advantage and one disadvantage about the uses of food additives in
daily life.
Nyatakan satu kebaikan dan satu keburukan tentang penggunaan bahan tambah
makanan dalam kehidupan.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(iii) Mahmud and Ah Seng are close friends.
 Mahmud‘s right leg is swollen due to bacterial infection.
 Ah Seng is suffering from headache.
Mahmud dan Ah Seng adalah sahabat baik.

 Kaki kanan Mahmud bengkak akibat jangkitan bakteria.
 Ah Seng mengalami sakit kepala
They consult a doctor and different types of medicines are prescribed to each
of them.
State the type of medicine prescribed respectively and give the correct usage.
Mereka berjumpa dengan doktor dan ubat yang berlainan jenis
dipreskripsikan kepada mereka.
Nyatakan jenis ubat dan cara penggunaannya yang betul.
[4 marks]
[4 marks]

BAHAGIAN C
TINGKATAN 4
Chapter 3 : Chemical Formulae And Equations

[MRSM 2016, No 9]
9 (a) Diagram 9.1 shows the chemical bonding in a molecule of a compound present in
fruits.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan ikatan kimia dalam satu molekul bagi satu sebatian yang
terdapat dalam buah –buahan.
Diagram 9.1
Rajah 9.1
(i) State the molecular formula and empirical formula of this

compound.
Nyatakan formula molekul dan formula empirik sebatian ini.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) What is the relative molecular mass of this compound? [Relative atomic mass
of H = 1, C = 12 and O = 16]
Berapakah jisim molekul relatif sebatian ini? [Jisim atom relatif
H = 1, C = 12 dan O = 16]
[1 mark]
1 markah]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a gas syringe containing helium gas.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan picagari mengandungi gas helium.
10 20 30 40 50 60
cm3
Diagram 9.2
Rajah 9.2
(i) Calculate the mass of helium gas in the syringe.

[Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions, Relative atomic mass of
He = 4]
Tentukan jisim gas helium di dalam picagari tersebut.
[Isipadu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik, Jisim atom relatif He = 4]
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(ii) During sport day opening ceremony, balloons are filled with helium gas. The
balloons deflate after a few days.
Explain the situation using Kinetic Theory of Matter.
Semasa majlis perasmian hari sukan, belon-belon diisi dengan gas helium.
Belon-belon menjadi kempis selepas beberapa hari.
Terangkan situasi tersebut menggunakan Teori Kinetik Zarah.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c)
Metal Y is located higher than hydrogen in the Reactivity Series.
Logam Y berada di atas hidrogen di dalam Siri Kereaktifan.
Describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of a Y oxide. Your

answer should include the following aspects:
Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik oksida Y.
Jawapan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
 Procedure of the experiments
Kaedah eksperimen
 Calculation of the empirical formula
Pengiraan formula empirik
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

Chapter 6 : Electrochemistry
9 (a) Table 9.1 shows the observation of Experiment I and Experiment II.
Jadual 9.1 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Experiment Reactants Observation

Eksperimen Bahan-bahan tindak balas Pemerhatian
The blue colour of copper(II) sulphate
Zinc + Copper(II) sulphate solution solution turns to colourless.
I
Zink + Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat Warna biru larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
menjadi tidak warna.
The blue colour of copper(II) sulphate
Silver + Copper sulphate(II) solution solution remain unchanged.
II
Argentum + Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat Warna biru larutan kuprum(II) sulfat kekal
tidak berubah.
Table 9.1 / Jadual 9.1
Explain why there are differences on observation in Experiment I and Experiment II.
Write the ionic equation for the reaction in Experiment I.
Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan pada pemerhatian dalam Eksperimen I dan

Eksperimen II.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas dalam Eksperimen I.
[4 marks]

(b) Table 9.2 shows the apparatus set-up and the observations for electrolysis of
copper(II) sulphate solution using different type of electrodes.
Jadual 9.2 menunjukkan susunan radas dan pemerhatian bagi proses elektrolisis larutan
kuprum(II) sulfat menggunakan jenis elektrod yang berbeza.
Apparatus set-up Observation

Set
Susunan Radas Pemerhatian
At electrode P :
Bubbles of gas released
Substance X Pada elektrod P :

Bahan X Gelembung-gelembung gas
P Q Carbon rod terbebas
Rod karbon At electrode Q :
Brown solid is deposited
I Pada elektrod Q :
Copper(II) sulphate Pepejal perang terenap
solution
Larutan kuprum(II) Electrolyte :
sulfat Blue colour of copper(II) sulphate
solution becomes paler
Elektrolit :
Warna biru larutan kuprum(II)
sulfat menjadi semakin pucat
At electrode R :
Copper plate becomes thinner
Substance Y Pada elektrod R :

Bahan Y Kepingan kuprum menipis
R S Copper plate At electrode S :
Kepingan kuprum Brown solid is deposited
Pada elektrod S :
II Pepejal perang terenap
Copper(II) sulphate
solution Electrolyte :
Larutan kuprum(II) Blue colour of copper(II) sulphate
sulfat solution unchanged.
Elektrolit :
Warna biru larutan kuprum(II)
sulfat tidak berubah
Jadual 9.2 / Table 9.2

Suggest the substance X and substance Y.

Cadangkan bahan X dan bahan Y.
(ii) By using Set I or Set II, explain how the product formed at anode.
Dengan menggunakan Set I atau Set II, terangkan bagaimana hasil terbentuk di
anod.
[6 marks]
(c) Diagram 9 shows the change that occurs to an iron bracelet when it’s electroplated with
gold.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan perubahan yang berlaku kepada gelang besi apabila disadurkan
dengan emas.
Before After
Sebelum Selepas
Diagram 9 / Rajah 9
By using the same method, describe an experiment to electroplate an iron key with silver
or copper.
Menggunakan kaedah yang sama, huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menyadurkan kunci
besi dengan argentum atau kuprum.
Your description should include the following :

Huraian anda haruslah mengandungi perkara berikut :
 Apparatus set-up
Susunan radas
 Procedure
Prosedur
 Observation at the iron key and silver or copper

Pemerhatian pada kunci besi dan argentum atau kuprum
 Half equations involved.

Setengah persamaan yang terlibat.
[10 marks]

9 (a) Ethanoic acid or acetic acid is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical
formula CH3COOH. If ethanoic acid solution is electrolysed by using platinum electrode,
what is the product formed at the anode and cathode?
Write a half-equation for the reaction occurred at the anode and at the cathode.
Asid etanoik atau asid asetik adalah cecair sebatian organik yang tidak berwarna dengan
formula kimianya CH3COOH. Jika asid etanoik dielektrolisiskan dengan menggunakan
elektrod platinum, apakah yang terhasil pada anod dan katod?
Tuliskan persamaan setengah bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di anod dan di katod.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) The diagram below shows two cells. Cell Y is a chemical cell while cell Y is an electrolytic
cell. Compare cell X and cell Y.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua sel. Sel X merupakan satu sel kimia manakala sel Y
merupakan satu sel elektrolisis. Bandingkan sel X dan sel Y.
Cell X Cell Y
Sel X Sel Y
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

(c)
A more electropositive metal will displace a less electropositive metal from its
salt solution.
Logam yang lebih elektropositif akan menyesarkan logam yang kurang
elektropositif daripada larutan garamnya.
By using suitable metals and one suitable salt solution, describe a laboratory experiment to
prove the above statement.
Dengan menggunakan logam-logam dan satu larutan garam yang sesuai, huraikan satu
eksperimen makmal untuk membuktikan pernyataan di atas.
Your description should include the following:

Huraian anda perlu merangkumi yang berikut:
 Procedure of the experiment

Prosedur eksperimen
 Expected results
Keputusan yang dijangka
 Balanced equation
Persamaan yang seimbang
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

Chapter 8 : Salts
[KEDAH 2017, No 9]
9 (a) Diagram 9.1 shows a beaker contains a mixture of salts that is given to participants
for a task during “Young Talented Scientist” Competition in a Science Fair 2017.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan sebuah bikar yang mengandungi campuran garam yang
diberikan kepada peserta pertandingan “Bakat Saintis Muda” dalam Pesta Sains 2017.
Mixture of M(NO3)2 and MCO3 salts

Campuran garam M(NO3)2 dan MCO3
Diagram 9.1
Rajah 9.1
(i) You as a participant of the competition, describe briefly how to separate the salts.
Anda sebagai peserta pertandingan itu, huraikan secara ringkas
bagaimana untuk mengasingkan garam-garam tersebut.
[4 marks]
(ii) If M is copper(II) ion ,compare and contrast both salts when decomposed by heat.
Write the chemical equation involved.
Jika M adalah ion kuprum(II) ,bandingkan dan bezakan kedua-dua garam
apabila terurai oleh haba.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[6 marks]
(b) Every participant of “Young Talented Scientist” competition is given a packet of solid salt Y.
Theproperties of salt Y is shown in Diagram 9.2.
Setiap peserta pertandingan “Bakat Saintis Muda” diberikan sebungkus pepejal garam Y.
Sifat pepejal Y ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 9.2.
 Colourless solution formed when dissolves in water

Larutan tidak berwarna apabila larut dalam air.
 No gas releases when heated strongly

Tiada gas terbebas apabila dipanaskan dengan kuat
 A white precipitate formed when solution Y added with excess

aqueous ammonia
Mendakan putih terbentuk apabila larutan Y ditambahkan dengan
larutan ammonia berlebihan
Diagram 9.2
By using suitable chemicals, describe briefly how you identify the cation and anion
present in salt Y.
Dengan menggunakan bahan kimia yang sesuai, huraikan secara terperinci
bagaimana anda mengenalpastikan kation dan anion yang hadir dalam garam Y.
[10 marks]

Chapter 9 : Manufactured Substances In Industry

[PERLIS 2017, No 9]
9 (a) Two farmers Ali and Ahmad use ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4 and urea,
(NH2)2CO fertilizers on their plants.
Dua orang petani Ali dan Ahmad menggunakan baja ammonium sulfat,
(NH4)2SO4 dan baja urea(NH2)2CO pada tanaman mereka.
Diagram 9.1 shows the colour of leaves of their plants after a few weeks.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan warna daun bagi tanaman mereka selepas beberapa
minggu.
Ali’s plant Ahmad’s plant

Tanaman Ali Tanaman Ahmad
Yellowish leaf colour Green leaf colour

warna daun kekuningan warna daun hijau
In your opinion, which fertilizer is the most suitable for the plant growth well.
Explain your answer.
Pada pendapat anda, baja manakah paling sesuai untuk tanaman hidup subur.
Jelaskan jawapan anda.
[Relative atomic mass; H=1,C=12, N=14, O=16, S=32]

[Jisim atom relatif; H=1,C=12, N=14, O=16, S=32]
[ 3 marks ]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a National Monument made from alloy X.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan Tugu Negara yang diperbuat dari aloi X.
Diagram 9.2
Rajah 9.2
(i) State the elements present in alloy X.

Nyatakan unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam aloi X.
[2 marks ]
(i) Explain, in terms of arangement of atoms, why alloy X is more suitable to

make a monument.
Terangkan, dari segi susunan atom mengapa aloi X lebih sesuai digunakan
untuk membuat tugu.
[6 marks ]
(b) Describe a laboratory experiment to show the properties of alloy X compared to its
pure metal.
Show a labelled diagram in your explanation.
Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal untuk menunjukkan sifat aloi X berbanding
logam tulennya.
Dalam huraian anda sertakan gambarajah berlabel.
[ 9 marks]

BAHAGIAN C
TINGKATAN 5
Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction






[KEDAH 2015, No 10]
10 Table 10 shows the results of three sets of experiments to investigate the factors that affect the
rate of reaction. 50 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas is collected in each experiment.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan keputusan bagi tiga set eksperimen untuk menyiasat faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindakbalas. 50 cm3 gas karbon dioksida dikumpulkan dalam setiap
eksperimen.
Temperature Time taken to collects gas/s

Eksperiment Reactants
/oC Masa yang diambil untuk
Eksperimen Bahan tindak balas
Suhu /oC mengumpulkan gas /s
50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid +

excess marble chips
I 28 240
50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3 +
serpihan marmar berlebihan

excess powdered marble chips
II 28 60
serbuk marmar berlebihan

excess marble chips
III 40 150
serpihan marmar berlebihan
Table 10
Jadual 10
(a) Nitric acid reacts with marble chips to produce calcium nitrate, carbon dioxide gas and
water.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction and calculate the maximum
volume of carbon dioxide gas produced in experiment I.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12, Ca = 40; 1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room
conditions]
Asid nitrik bertindak balas dengan serpihan marmar untuk menghasilkan kalsium
nitrat, gas karbon dioksida dan air.
Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindakbalas itu dan hitung isi padu
maksimum gas karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan dalam eksperimen I.
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12, Ca = 40; 1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3 pada keadaan
bilik]
[5 marks]

(b) Based on table 10, compare the rate of reaction between:

Berdasarkan Jadual 10, bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara:
(i) experiment I and experiment II

eksperimen I dan eksperimen II
(ii) experiments I dan experiment III

eksperimen I dan eksperimen III
In each case explain the difference in the rate of reaction with reference to the collision theory.
Bagi setiap kes terangkan perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas dengan merujuk kepada teori
perlanggaran.
[6 marks]
(c) Catalyst can be used to increase the rate of reaction between metal and acid. By using
a suitable named of metal and acid, describe an experiment to show how catalyst
affects the rate of reaction.
Mangkin boleh digunakan untuk meningkatkan kadar tindak balas antara logam dan
asid. Dengan menggunakan satu logam, asid dan mangkin yang dinamakan, huraikan
satu eksperimen untuk menunjukkan bagaimana mangkin boleh mempengaruhi kadar
tindak balas.
[9 marks]

Chapter 2 : Carbon Compound

[PERLIS 2017, No 10]
10 (a) Diagram 10.1 shows the conversion of compound R to compound P, Q, and S.

Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan penukaran sebatian R kepada sebatian P, Q, dan S
Compound P II Compound R Compound S

III
Sebatian P Sebatian R Sebatian S
C4H8 C4H10O C4H8O2
Compound Q
Sebatian Q
C4H10
Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1
(i) Identify the homologous series for compound P,Q, R and S and state the name
of reaction I, II and III.
Kenal pasti siri homolog bagi sebatian P,Q, R and S dan nyatakan nama bagi
tindak balas I, II and III.
[7 marks]
(ii) Draw and name one of the isomer of P compound.

Lukis dan namakan satu isomer bagi sebatian P.
[2 marks]
(iii) Describe a chemical test to differentiate between compound R and S.

Huraikan satu ujian kimia bagi membezakan antara sebatian R dan S.
[3 marks]

(b) Diagram 10.2 shows a structural formula of ester X that contain in banana fruit.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi ester X yang terdapat dalam buah
pisang.
Ester X
Diagram 10. 2
Rajah 10.2
Ester X contained naturally in bananas. Ester X can also be prepared in the

laboratory.
Suggest an alcohol and carboxylic acid that can be used to prepare esters X.
Describe how the ester X can be prepared in the laboratory, also include
observation and chemical equations involved.
Ester X terdapat secara semula jadi dalam buah pisang. Ester X ini juga dapat
disediakan dalam makmal.
Cadangkan alkohol dan asid karboksilik yang boleh digunakan untuk menyediakan
ester X.
Huraikan bagaimana ester X boleh disediakan dalam makmal, sertakan juga
pemerhatian dan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[8 marks]

Chapter 3 : Oxidation and Reduction

[KEDAH 2017, No 10]
10 (a) Diagram 10 shows the apparatus set up to investigate the reaction between iron (II)
sulphate and halogen X through the transfer of electron at a distance.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji tindak balas antara
ferum(II) sulfat dan halogen X melalui pemindahan elektron pada suatu jarak.
Diagram 10
Rajah 10
By referring to Diagram 10, name the halogen X and explain the redox reaction based on
the:
Dengan merujuk Rajah 10, namakan halogen X dan terangkan tindak balas redoks
berdasarkan :
 role of each substance in term of change of the oxidation number

peranan setiap bahan daripada aspek perubahan nombor pengoksidaan
 half equation at each electrode

persamaan setengah di setiap elektrod
 overall ionic equation for the reaction

persamaan ion keseluruhan bagi tindak balas tersebut
[10 marks]

(b) Table 10 shows the observations of an experiment that carried out to determine the order
of metal copper, metal M and metal Z in the Reactivity Series of metal towards oxygen.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi suatu ekperimen yang telah dijalankan
untuk menentukan susunan logam kuprum, logam M dan logam N dalam Siri
Kereaktifan Logam terhadap oksigen.
Metal Observation
Logam Pemerhatian
Glows faintly
Copper Black residue formed
Kuprum Berbara malap
Baki berwarna hitam terbentuk
Burnt brightly
White residue formed
M
Terbakar dengan nyalaan terang
Baki berwarna putih terbentuk
Glows brightly
Yellow residue when hot and white residue when cold formed
N Berbara terang
Baki berwarna kuning semasa panas dan putih semasa sejuk
terbentuk
Table 10
Jadual 10
Based on the observations in Table 10, identify metal M and metal N. Arrange the
metal copper, metal M and metal N in decending order based on their reactivity.
Hence, describe how to conduct the experiment in the laboratory using solid
potassium manganate(VII) .
Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Jadual 10, kenalpastikan logam M dan logam N.
Susunkan logam kuprum,logam M dan logam N dalam tertib menurun berdasarkan
kereaktifannya. Seterusnya,huraikan bagaimana eksperimen ini dijalankan dalam
makmal dengan menggunakan pepejal kalium manganat (VII) .
[10 marks]

10 (a) Diagram 10 shows the chemical equations of two reactions:

Rajah 10 menunjukkan persamaan kimia bagi dua tindak balas:
Reaction I
Tindak balas I : KOH + HCl  KCl + H2O
Reaction II
Tindak balas II : Mg + 2HCl  MgCl2 + H2
Diagram 10 / Rajah 10
Which reaction is a redox reaction?

Explain your answer in terms of change in oxidation number.
Tindak balas yang manakah ialah tindak balas redoks?

Terangkan jawapan anda dari segi perubahan dalam nombor pengoksidaan.
[4 marks]
(b) Table 10 shows the reactants and observations of two redox reactions.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan bahan-bahan tindak balas dan pemerhatian bagi dua tindak
balas redoks.
Redox Reaction Reactants Observation

Tindak balas Redoks Bahan-bahan tindak balas Pemerhatian
Iron(II) sulphate solution The solution changes in colour from pale
+ Substance P green to yellow.
X
Larutan ferum(II) sulfat Larutan berubah warna daripada hijau
+ Bahan P pucat kepada kuning.
Iron(III) sulphate solution The solution changes in colour from
+ Substance Q brown to pale green.
Y
Larutan ferum(III) sulfat Larutan berubah warna daripada perang
+ Bahan Q kepada hijau pucat.
Table 10 / Jadual 10
Suggest substance P and substance Q.

Explain the observation for reaction X and reaction Y in terms of electron transfer.
Cadangkan bahan P dan bahan Q.

Terangkan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas X dan tindak balas Y dari segi pemindahan
elektron.
[6 marks]

(c)
The electric current is produced by the transfer of electron at a distance from a
reducing agent to an oxidizing agent in a chemical reaction.
Arus elektrik terhasil oleh pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak daripada agen
penurunan kepada agen pengoksidaan dalam suatu tindak balas kimia.
By naming any suitable oxidizing agent and reducing agent, describe an experiment to
prove the statement above.
Dengan menamakan sebarang agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan yang sesuai,
huraikan satu eksperimen untuk membuktikan kenyataan di atas.
Your description must include the following;
Penerangan anda mesti mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut;
 Diagram of the apparatus set-up

Gambar rajah susunan radas
 Procedure of the experiment

Prosedur eksperimen
 Observations
Pemerhatian
 Half equations
Setengah persamaan
[10 marks]



[JULANG SET 2 2017, No 1O]

[KEDAH 2015, No 9]
9 (a) Table 9.1 show the chemical equation of two reactions.

Jadual 9.1 menunjukkan persamaan kimia bagi dua tindak balas.
Reaction Chemical equation
Tindak balas Persamaan kimia
X NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Y Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Cu
Table 9.1
Jadual 9.1
Determine whether each of the reactions is a redox reaction or not a redox reaction. Explain
your answer in term of oxidation number.
Tentukan sama ada setiap tindak balas tersebut merupakan tindak balas redoks atau bukan
tindak balas redoks. Terangkan jawapan anda dari segi nombor pengoksidaan.
[5 marks]
(b) Table 9.2 shows the formulae for two chlorides of iron compounds.
Jadual 9.2 menunjukkan formula dua sebatian klorida bagi ferum.
Compound
Formula
Sebatian
R FeCl2
S FeCl3
Table 9.2
Jadual 9.2
(i) Determine the oxidation number of iron in both compounds and name the compounds
based on IUPAC nomenclature.
Tentukan nombor pengoksidaan bagi ferum dalam kedua-dua sebatian dan namakan
sebatian-sebatian tersebut berdasarkan penamaan IUPAC.
[4 marks]
(ii) Compound R can be converted to compound S in the presence of an oxidising agent.

Suggest the oxidising agent and state one observation for the reaction.
Sebatian R boleh ditukarkan kepada sebatian S dengan kehadiran satu agen
pengoksidaan. Cadangkan agen pengoksidaan tersebut dan nyatakan satu pemerhatian
bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
[2 marks]

(c) Table 9 shows a list of apparatus and materials.

Jadual 9 menunjukkan senarai radas dan bahan.
Apparatus and materials:

Radas dan bahan:
 Carbon electrodes
Elektrod-elektrod karbon
 Connecting wires
Wayar penyambung
 Galvanometer
Galvanometer
 U-tube
Tiub- U
 Bromin water
Air bromin
 Dilute sulphuric acid
Asid sulfurik cair
 A reducing agent
Suatu agen penurunan
Table 9
Jadual 9
Draw one labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up to investigate electron transfer at a distance
by using the apparatus and materials given in Table 9.
Name the reducing agent.
Describe the redox reaction in terms of the electron transfer at a distance.
Lukiskan satu rajah berlabel bagi menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat pemindahan elektron
pada satu jarak dengan menggunakan radas dan bahan yang terdapat dalam Jadual 9.
Namakan agen penurunan tersebut.
Huraikan tindak balas redoks dari segi pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak.
[9 marks ]


Chapter 4 : Thermochemistry
[MRSM 2016, No 10]
10 (a) Table 10 shows the value for the heat of combustion of three types of alcohol.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan nilai haba pembakaran bagi tiga jenis alkohol.
Alcohol Heat of combustion

Alkohol Haba pembakaran
(kJ mol-1)
Ethanol -1376
Propanol -2016
Butanol -2678
Table 10
Jadual 10
(i) 3.7 g of butanol is used to heat 500 cm3 of water.The temperature of water rises from
28.0 oC to 88.0 oC.
Calculate the heat of combustion for butanol.
[Relative atomic mass ; H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Specific heat capacity of water 4.2 Jg-1 oC-1]
3.7 g butanol digunakan untuk memanaskan 500 cm3 air. Suhu air meningkat dari
28.0 oC ke 88.0 oC .
Hitung haba pembakaran bagi butanol. [Jisim atom relatif ; H = 1, C = 12, O = 16,
Muatan haba tentu air ialah 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 ]
[5 marks ]
(ii) The value for the heat of combustion obtained in (a)(i) is less than the theoretical
value given in Table 10.
Explain why the difference occurs.
Nilai haba pembakaran yang diperolehi di (a)(i) adalah lebih rendah daripada
nilai teori yang diberikan di Jadual 10.
Jelaskan mengapa perbezaan itu berlaku .
[2 marks ]
(iii) Based on Table 10, identify which alcohol has isomers. Draw the
structural formula and name one of the isomers.
Berdasarkan Jadual 10, kenalpasti alkohol manakah yang mempunyai isomer.
Lukis formula struktur dan namakan salah satu isomer tersebut.
[3 marks ]

(b)
Metal V powder
Serbuk logam V
Copper(II) sulphate solution

Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Diagram 10
Rajah 10
Danish wants to determine the heat of displacement of metal V in his chemistry

class using the apparatus set up as in Diagram 10.
By using a named metal V, describe how Danish carry out the experiment.
Your description should include the following aspects:
 Procedure of experiment
 Calculation to determine the heat of displacement
Danish hendak menentukan haba penyesaran logam V dalam kelas

kimianya dengan menggunakan alat radas seperti Rajah 10.
Dengan menggunakan logam V yang dinamakan, huraikan bagaimana
Danish dapat menjalankan eksperimen tersebut.
Huraian anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek berikut:
 Prosedur eksperimen
 Pengiraan untuk menentukan haba penyesaran
[10 marks ]

10 (a) Table 10.1 shows the fuel values of various fuels.

Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan nilai bahan api bagi beberapa jenis bahan api.
Fuel Fuel value (kJg-1)
Bahan api Nilai bahan api (kJg-1)
Ethanol
30
Etanol
Petrol
34
Petrol
Natural gas
50
Gas asli
Hydrogen gas
143
Gas hidrogen
Table 10.1
Jadual 10.1
(i) Based on Table 10.1 choose one fuel that is suitable to replace petrol in vehicles.
Compare the fuel that you have chosen with petrol in terms of impact to the
environment.
Berdasarkan Jadual 10.1, pilih satu bahan api yang sesuai untuk menggantikan petrol
dalam kenderaan. Bandingkan bahan api yang anda pilih itu dengan petrol dari segi
kesan terhadap persekitaran.
[5 marks]
(ii) Suggest one way how you can save the consumption of electrical energy in your daily
life.
Cadangkan satu cara bagaimana anda boleh menjimatkan penggunaan tenaga elektrik
dalam kehidupan harian anda.
[1 mark]
(b) Table 10.2 shows the molecular formulae and the heat of combustion for methanol and
ethanol.
Jadual 10.2 menunjukkan formula molekul dan haba pembakaran bagi metanol dan
etanol.
Alcohol Molecular formula Heat of combustion (kJmol-1)

Alkohol Formula molekul Haba pembakaran (kJmol-1)
Methanol CH3OH -X
Metanol
Ethanol C2H5OH -Y
Etanol
Table 10.2
Jadual 10.2

(i) Which alcohol in Table 10.2 has a higher heat of combustion?

Alkohol manakah dalam Jadual 10.2 mempunyai haba pembakaran yang lebih tinggi?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Based on information in Table 10.2 , explain why there is a difference in the values of heat of
combustion between methanol and ethanol. [3 marks]
Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Jadual10.2, terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan bagi nilai
haba pembakaran antara metanol dan etanol.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of combustion of an alcohol that has
less than four carbon atoms per molecule.
Your description should include:
 List of materials and apparatus
 Procedure
 The method to calculate heat of combustion
Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal untuk menentukan haba pembakaran bagi alkohol yang
mempunyai kurang daripada empat atom karbon per molekul.
Huraian anda haruslah merangkumi:
 Senarai bahan dan radas
 Prosedur
 Kaedah pengiraan untuk menghitung haba pembakaran
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
-----------------------------******-------------------------------
Disusun oleh,
Cikgu Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin
SMK Triang 3, Bera
‘terima kasih kepada semua guru-guru yang sudi menyumbang soalan negeri / sekolah masing-masing. Semoga Allah membalas jasa
kalian semua ’

Kimia Bahagian B Dan C

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Kimia Bahagian B Dan C

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KOLEKSI SOALAN KIMIA KERTAS 2

BAHAGIAN B & BAHAGIAN C

KANDUNGAN MODUL ULANGKAJI BERTOPIK

o Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction ---23 – 24

o Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction ---50 – 56

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

8 Diagram 8.1 shows the symbol of three elements.

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Can conduct electricity Cannnot conduct electricity

(i) Suggest substance C and solvent D.

(ii) Explain the differences in properties between solution E and solution F.

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

(b) Based on Diagram 7.2, explain the formation of PQ2 compound.

Experiment I: Determine the melting point of ionic and covalent compounds.

Substance Apparatus set-up Observation

Hexane Colourless liquid

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Experiment II: Determine electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent compounds.

Substance Apparatus set-up Observation

Lead(II) bromide The bulb does not

Naphthalene The bulb does not

 Takat lebur dan

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

[JULANG SET 1 2017, No 8]

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

[JULANG SET 2 2017, No 8]

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

[JULANG SET 3 2017, No 8]

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Gas jar spoon

Sudu balang gas

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Tungsten burnt and bulb does not lights up

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

[PULAU PINANG 2016, No 7]

7. (a) Table 7 shows the proton number of elements X, Y and Z.

Element Proton number

Element Z reacts with iron wool to form a halide compound.

(i) State the position of element Z in the Periodic table of elements.

[Relative atomic mass of Y, 23; molar volume = 24 dm3 mol-1]

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Chapter 7 : Acids And Bases

[PULAU PINANG 2016, No 8]

8. (a) Table 8 shows the information of two types of acids.

Acid Concentration / mol dm-3 pH value

Based on the information in Table 8,

(i) Name acid A and acid B

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Based on the information in Diagram 8

(i) Name an example of solvent X and solvent Y.

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Diagram 7.1 / Rajah 7.1

(i) Based on Diagram 7.1, identify salt X, solid Y and gas Z.

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Diagram 7.2 / Rajah 7.2

Name the product formed from the reaction.

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

Food Act 1983, allows only a certain quantity of

Benzoic acid / Asid benzoik : < 350mg/ kg

©Siti Rusilawati Binti Tomin, Smk Triang 3, Bera Kimia 4541 A+

(iii) Mahmud and Ah Seng are close friends.