PHYSIOLOGIC OB

MIDTERM BULLETS PART 1

1ST SEMESTER A.Y 2019-2020

OUTLINE
 Fetal Growth and Development Part 2  Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
 Maternal Physiology Part 2  EGF Like GF } (+) in AF
  Transforming GF-ẞ
Note: This is a bullet only. Some must be red on the book for  Functions of Amniotic Fluid
further information. A per-verbatim recording is also included. Use → Cushion the fetus
at your own risk. Happy Reading →Protection from Trauma
→Regulates Temperature of Fetal Environment
I. Fetal Growth and Development Part 2 →for Musculoskeletal development
→may promote growth and differentiation of the fetal tissue by
Course Outline: means of inhalation into the lungs and ingestion of fluid into the
Fetal Physiology gastrointestinal tract.
 Amniotic Fluid  AF has minimal nutritive function to fetus
 Fetal Circulation  Fetal circulation is substantially different from adult and after
 Fetal Blood birth
 Nervous System and sensory organs  Fetal circulation changes dramatically at birth
 Gastrointestinal system  Most of Right Ventricular output bypasses the lungs
 Urinary System  Fetal heart chambers work in parallel NOT in series
 Lungs  Fetal blood does not need to enter the pulmonary vasculature to
 Endocrine Glands be oxygenated
Amniotic Fluid  Highly oxygenated blood enters the fetal brain ad heart
 Requirements for fetal growth
 Early Pregnancy → Ultrafiltrate of maternal plasma. →Oxygen
 Beginning of the second trimester →Nutrient
→ consist of largely ECF  The requirements for fetal growth and development is delivered
→Diffuses through the fetal Skin through the umbilical vein
→it reflects the composition of fetal plasma  Umbilical vein will be bifurcated into
 20 weeks AOG →Cornification of Fetal skin →Ductus Venosous
→ it prevents diffusion →Portal Sinus
 20 weeks AOG → AF is composed of largely fetal urine.  Ductus Venosous
 12 weeks AOG → Fetal kidney start produce urine. →MAJOR branch of the umbilical vein
 18 weeks AOG → 7ml-14ml/day of fetal urine is produce. →traverses the liver and enters the IVC directly
 Composition of Fetal Urine > Fetal Plasma  Well Oxygenated Blood goes directly to the fetal heart because
→Urea it does not supply oxygen to intervening tissues
→Creatinine  Portal Sinus carries blood to the hepatic veins → Left side of the
→Uric Acid liver oxygen is extracted
 AF is Hypotonic  Deoxygenated blood from the liver flows back to the IVC
 Other contents of AF  Admixture of arterial blood inside the heart to ductus venosus
→Desquamated fetal cells  Well oxygenated blood → left ventricle → Fetal Heart and brain
→Vernix Caseosa  Less Oxygenated blood → right ventricle → rest of the fetal
→Lanugo body
→Various Secretions  Blood separation of well oxygenated blood and less oxygenated
 AF osmolality decreases with advancing gestation blood is maintained by 2 separate right atrium structure
 AF volume is around 500cc  Right atrium structure → effectively direct entering blood
 <500cc of AF is termed oligohydramnios depending on its content (Well Oxygenated blood → Left
Recordings: It indicates that a fetal kidney is not producing Ventricle, Less Oxygenated Blood → Right Ventricle)
ample amount of urine  Separation of blood according to its oxygen content is aided by
 >1000cc of AF is termed polyhydramnios the pattern of blood flow in the IVC
Recordings: It indicates that the fetus is having a swallowing
defect.
 .Pulmonary Fluid produces small volume or proportion of AF
(Williams)
 Pulmonary Fluid filtering through the Placenta (ppt of Dra)
 Aquaporin 8 and 9
→regulates placental water transfer r
→water flow via intramembranous absorption
 Volume of AF each week is variable B. SUBHEADING 2
 8 weeks AOG
→↑ at 10ml/week Sub-Subheading
 20 weeks AOG  Sub-Subheading Titles
→↑at 60ml/week  Font: Century Gothic
 34 weeks AOG peak of ↑ volume of AF (wiliams)  Setting: Bold
 33 weeks steady state (ppt of Dra)  Size: 9.5
 Color: Black
Trans # Group # : Surname, Surname, Surname 1 of 2
  Note: Sub-subheadings are not listed in the outline
Table 1. Sample table
II. CONTENT FORMATTING Title 1 Title 2

A. GENERAL FORMATTING

 Body Text  Table Label

 Font: Arial  Font: Arial
 Size: 8.5 pt  Size: 7.5 pt
 Color: Black  Bold
 Bold  Table Name only
 For highlighting important terms  Ex. Table 1
 Italics  Regular
 For direct quotations from the instructor or other  For Table Description
reference.  Alignment: Left
 Alignment: Left  Always anchored to the table
 Indentation  If the table does not fit in a single column, it may be attached as
 Set to 0.25” from 0.5” part of the appendix.

Lists: Bullets III. IMPORTANT / NICE TO KNOW INFO

 Main Point
 Definition / Supporting Point A. NTK
 Detail
 Smaller Detail
o More Details* On additional information:
 Even more details* 1. Information from other sources can be added to further
explain an unclear or incomplete point from the ppt or lecture of
List: Numbering the professor.
I. 1st Main Point
A. Definition / Supporting Point 2. “Nice to know” and “FYI” can be added but must be typed in a
table such as this one.
1. Detail
a. Smaller Detail
i. More details
II. 2nd Main Point
A. Definition / Supporting Point REVIEW QUESTIONS (optional)
1. 1st Detail
1. Question 1
2. 2nd Detail
a. Answer 1
a. Smaller Detail b. Answer 2
c. Answer 3
List: Numbering and Bullets d. Answer 4
1. 1st Main Point 2. Question 2
 Definition / Supporting Point a. Answer 1
 Detail b. Answer 2
 Smaller Detail c. Answer 3
 More details* d. Answer 4
o Even more details*
2. 2nd Main Point
Aswers: a, b

III. TABLES AND FIGURES

REFERENCES
A. FIGURES

Figure 1. Rectangle
 Figure
 Positioned at the center
 Use in-line with text wrapping then center
 Figure Label
 Font: Arial
 Size: 7.5 pt
 Bold
 Figure Name only
 Ex. Figure 1
 Regular
 For Description

B. TABLES
PHYSIOLOGY Title of Lecture 2 of 2