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Route A is 6
km long, route B is 4 km long and route C is 8 km long. By route A, BM2
1. Determine the most probable value of the measurements having different
is 82.27 m above BM1, by route B, BM2 is 82.40 m above BM1 and by
values based on the number of measurements as tabulated in the table
route C, BM2 is 82.10 m above BM1. If the elevation of BM1 is 30.69 m,
shown below.
compute the elevation of BM2 by weighted mean.
Distance No. of Measurement
Route Distance Diff. in Elev. Weight
520.14 1
A 6 82.27 4
520.20 3
B 4 82.40 6
520.18 6
C 8 82.10 3
520.24 8
6. From the measured values shown determine if the measurements are
2. The following data are the observed elevation of a point by running a line
within the required precision. Show all computations. Allowable precision
of levels over four different routes. It is required to determine the most
is 1/5000.
probable value of the elevation.
Trials Length (m)
Route Elevations Probable Error 1 106.87
1 340.22 ±02 2 106.90
2 340.30 ±04 3 106.93
3 340.26 ±06 4 106.89
4 340.32 ±08 5 106.81
3. A baseline measured with an invar tape, and with a steel tape as follows: 7. Given the following data in measuring a distance of a certain line.
REVIEW EXERCISES:
1. A differential leveling was run from BM1 to BM2 which is approximately 4. Below are the field notes of a profile leveling work where some data are
4200 m from each other and closing the circuit on the same rout. The missing accidentally. Go over the arithmetical computations and
elevation of BM1 is 100 m above sea level and that of BM2 was found out determine beck the missing data on broken lines.
to have an elevation of 142.53 m above sea level. However, in closing the
circuit the computed elevation of BM1 was 99.96 m only. What is the Station Backsight HI Foresight Elevation
BM1 1.56 -------- 569.44
corrected elevation of BM2? Supposing the computed elevation of BM1 is
1+000 5.67 565.33
100.06 m, what is the corrected elevation of BM2?
1+100 2.00 -------
2. Compute the differential level notes shown and show the usual arithmetic
1+200 3.40 567.60
check.
1+300 ------ 568.00
STATION BS FS ELEVATION 1+400 6.70 564.30
BM5 1.04 186.38 m PT1 ------ 566.00 8.00 ------
1 3.95 4.93 1+500 3.00 563.00
2 6.56 6.78 1+600 4.10 561.90
3 8.48 1.35 1+700 5.40 560.60
4 9.22 0.91 1+800 ------ 559.00
5 8.37 0.35 1+900 5.00 561.00
6 4.92 2.84 2+000 3.50 ------
7 7.77 8.75 2+100 2.80 563.20
8 9.25 6.82 2+200 2.00 564.00
BM6 5.50 2+300 0.60 565.40
3. In the plan below shows a differential leveling from benchmark to another 2+400 0.80 565.20
benchmark, along each line represents a sight in the actual rod reading. ------- 6.10 ------ ------ 563.90
The direction of the fieldwork is indicated by the numbering of the TPs. 2+500 1.72 568.28
Place the data in the form of level notes, compute the elevations, show the 2+600 2.78 567.22
arithmetical check and record the error if there’s any.
5. Arrange the following description in the form of profile level notes
complete the elevation and sketch the profile. A level is set up and reading
of 2.995 m is taken on a benchmark the elevation of which is 12.135. At
the beginning of the line to be profiled, the rod reading is 2.625 m; 30 m
from the beginning, it is 1.617 m; at 60 m, it is 0.702 m; at 66 m and 81
m, the rod readings are 1.281 m and 0.762 m, respectively. On a rock that
is not on line, the rod reading is 0.555 m. The level is then removed ahead, REVIEW EXERCISES:
set up and a rod reading of 1.952 m is observed, the rod still being held on
the rock. The readings along the profile are then resumed: 90 m from the 1. If the vertical angle from one station to another 100 m apart is 60°, the
beginning of the line, the rod reading is 1.159 m; 120 m from the beginning staff intercept for a tacheometer with K = 100 and C = 0, would be?
of the line the rod reading is 1.434 m; finally 150 m from the beginning of 2. With the transit at point B and the line of sight horizontal, the stadia
the line the rod reading is 2.196 m. intercept at C is 1.15 m. If the stadia interval factor is 100.32 and the stadia
6. A line of levels was run from BLLM No. 1 to BLLM No. 2 covering a constant is 0.3, find the distance.
route of approximately 5 km. Backsight and foresight distances every set 3. The length intercepted on the stadia rod is 2.83 m and the line of sight
up averages 100 m long. If at every TP the rod settles about 0.04 m, what makes an angle of 4°30’ with the horizontal. Find the vertical distance,
would be the corrected elevation of BLLM No. 2. The computed from the center of the instrument to the rod, if the stadia constant is 0.3 m
difference in elevation between BLLM No. 1 and BLLM No. 2 is 100.00 and the stadia interval factor is 100.
m and the elevation of BLLM No. 1 is 60.00 m. 4. In order to determine the stadia interval factor of a transit on the field, the
7. Differential leveling are run from BM1 elevation 103.05 m to BM2, a transit was set up at a certain point on the ground. Observations were made
distance of 30 km. The backsight distances are averages 150 m in length on the rod placed at a distance of 240 m from the instrument and the rod
and the foresight distances averages 100 m in length. The elevation of BM2 readings were 4.505 and 2.105 for the upper and lower stadia hairs
as deduced from the level notes was 420.50 m. If the level used is out of respectively. If instrument interval used has an interior focusing telescope,
adjustment so that when the bubble was centered the line of sight was what would be the stadia interval factor of the instrument?
inclined 0.003 m upward in a distance of 100 m. What would be the total 5. The constant K and C for a certain instrument were 100 and 0 respectively.
error and the calculated value of the elevation of BM2? The ground makes a uniform slope of 12% from point A to point B. With
the instrument at A and staff at B, readings were taken but due to
obstruction in the line of sight, only the upper reading was recorded to be
1.915 m. If the vertical angle of the instrument was 6°43’ and height of
instrument above A was 1.82 m, determine the horizontal distance
between A and B.
6. Given the following stadia level notes: K = 100 and C = 0
Station Observation Stadia Intercept Vertical Angle
A 1.11 +3° on 1.50 m
B 1.36 -5° on 1.70 m
The instrument was set up at point C (point along line AB) with elevation
59 m. The height of instrument is 1.5 m. Compute the horizontal distance
between A and B, the elevation of point A and the difference in elevation
between A and B.
7. The slope distance and vertical angle between points A and B were
measured with a total station instrument as 9585.26 ft and 8°17’40”,
respectively. The height of instrument and rod reading were equal. If the
elevation of A is 1238.42 ft above the mean sea level, compute the
elevation of B.
8. The following tachemetric observations were made on two points P and Q
from station A. The height of the tacheometer at A above the ground was
1.55 m. Elevation of A is 75.5 m. The stadia interval factor is 100 and the
stadia constant is 0.
Vertical Staff Reading
Staff at
Angle Upper Middle Lower
P -5°12’ 1.388 0.978 0.610
Q +27°35’ 1.604 1.286 0.997
Determine the elevation of P and Q.