PE (Volleyball)

Volleyball- an Olympic team sport in which two

teams of 6 active players are separated by a net
where each team tries to score points by grounding a
ball on the other team’s court under organized rules
Mintonette – a game created by William G. Morgan in
Holyoke, Massachusetts on February 9, 1895
- 9 innings with 3 serves Ball- circumference of 20-27 in (65-67 cm)
- Net - 6 ft 6 in (1.98m) high - Weight between 9-10 oz (260-280 g)
- Court – 25x50 ft (7.6x15.2 m) - Inside pressure of 4.26-4.61 psi (0.30-0.35
Spalding- created the first official ball in 1896 kg/cm sq)

Canada- first country to adopt Volleyball aside from Net Post- 36 ft apart and 3 ft further out from the
United States sidelines

Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB)- Net- placed over the center line
created in 1947 - Height of 2.43m for men
1949- first World Championship for men - Height of 2.24m for women
- 1m wide, 9.5-10m long
1952-first World Championship for women
Side bands- 5cm wide and 1m long
Beach Volleyball- introduced by FIVB in 1987
Antenna- a flexible rod, 1.80m long and 10mm in
Variations and Related Games diameter made of fiberglass or similar material
• Beach volleyball Posts- 0.5-1m outside the sidelines and 2.55m high
• New Comb Fundamental Skills
• Prisoner Ball 1. Serve- the player stands behind the line and
serves the ball, in an attempt to drive it to the
• Foot Volley
opponent’s court
Types of Serves
 Underhand Service- server faces net with left
foot forward while ball is held about waist
level in palm of left hand in front of right leg;
swing right arm backward shifting weight to
rear foot; to strike ball swing right arm or fist
closed as left hand releases
 Overhead Service- the skill executed by the
player tossing the ball approximately above
the head level and hitting it with extended
Volleyball Court- 60 by 30ft or 18 by 9m hitting arm
 Sidearm Service- the chief advantage of this
Lines- all white with a measurement of 5cm method is the deceptive twist or curve
Types of Lines executed by tossing the ball approximately
above head level and hitting it with extended
1. Service Line hitting arm
2. Center Line 2. Pass- also called reception
3. Attack Line - the attempt by a team to properly handle the
4. Boundary Line opponent’s serve, or any form of attack
Two techniques involved in Pass
 Underarm pass or bump – where the ball
touches the inside part of the joined forearms
platforms, at waist line
 Overhand pass – where tit is handled with the
fingertips, like a set, above the head
3. Set- is usually the second contact that a team
makes with the ball and the main goal is to
put the ball in the air in such a way it can be
driven by an attack into the opponent’s court
Kinds of Set
 Overhead set – allows for more control over
the speed and direction of the ball
 Bump set – used only where the ball is low it
cannot be properly handled with fingertips
 Jump set – used when the ball is too close to
the net
 Dump – a setter refrains from raising the ball
for a teammate to perform an attack and tries
to play it directly onto the opponent’s court
4. Attack- with a slang term of spike
- usually the third contact a team makes with
the ball
- objective is to handle the ball so that it lands
on the opponent’s court and cannot be
defended
Bounce- slang term for a very hard/loud spike that
follows an almost straight trajectory steeply
downward into the opponent’s court
Kill- slang term for an attack that is not returned
Techniques of Attacking
 Backcourt or Pipe Attack - an attack
performed by a back-row player
- the player must jump from behind the 3-
meter line before making contact with the
ball, but may land in front of the 3-meter line
 Line and Cross-court Shot - refers to whether
the ball flies in a straight trajectory parallel to
the sidelines, or crosses through the court in
an angle
- a cross-court shot with a very pronounced
angle, resulting in the ball landing near the 3-
meter line, is called a cut shot
 Dip/Dink/Tip/Cheat/Dump - the player does
not try to make a hit, but touches the ball
lightly, so that it lands on an area of the
opponent's court that is not being covered by
the defense
 Tool/Wipe/Block-abuse - the player does not
try to make a hard spike, but hits the ball so
that it touches the opponent's block and then
bounces off-court
 Off-speed hit - the player does not hit the ball
hard, reducing its speed and thus confusing
the opponent's defense
 Quick hit/"One“- an attack (usually by the
middle blocker) where the approach and
jump begin before the setter contacts the ball
 Slide - a variation of the quick hit that uses a
low backset
- the middle hitter steps around the setter and
hits from behind him or her
 Double quick hit/Stack/Tandem - a variation
of quick hit where two hitters, one in front
and one behind the setter or both in front of
the setter, jump to perform a quick hit at the
same time
- it can be used to deceive opposite blockers
and free a fourth hitter attacking from back-
court, maybe without block at all
5. Block- refers to the actions taken by players
standing at the net to stop or alter an
opponent's attack
Offensive- a block that is aimed at completely
stopping an attack, thus making the ball remain in the
opponent's court
Defensive- the goal is to control and deflect the hard-
driven ball up so that it slows down and becomes
easier to defend
6. Dig- the ability to prevent the ball from
touching one's court after a spike or attack,
particularly a ball that is nearly touching the
ground
Dive- players throw their body in the air with a
forward movement in an attempt to save the ball, and
land on their chest.
Pancake- when the player also slides their hand
under a ball that is almost touching the court
Skill Practices
1. Ball Passing Practice- with a formation of 4
players take equidistant positions on an area
9 to 12 ft square
- Player no. 1 puts the ball into play by passing
no. 2 then to player no. 3 and so forth
2. Volley Shuttle Practice- with a formation of
players divided into groups of 8 or 10 players
in each group
Lead-up Games
1. Circle Pass Ball
Formation: Players are divided into groups or teams
of equal number of members; each group standing in
a circle at arm’s length distance apart.
A leader in the middle.
Each group has a volleyball.
2. Keep Ball-up
Formation: 8 players on each of the two teams take
position.
Each team occupies one-half of the width and the
entire length of one court, each group playing over
one-half of the net.
Each team has its own volleyball.
3. Ball Volley
Formation: 2 teams of equal number of players are
scattered on their respective halves of the court.
4. Serve and Catch
Formation: 2 teams of eight or more players on each
team, each team spreading out its members on one
side of a volleyball court with a net outstretched
across.
5. Bounce and Serve, Bounce and Catch
Same formation as in serve and catch.
6. Shower Served Ball
Formation: 2 teams of equal number with each team
members spread out on one side of the volleyball
court with net stretched.
Rules of the Game
 Each team must consist of six players.
 The game starts with a coin toss.
 A server shall bump the ball and passes over
the net making it to land in the opposing
team's court.
Game Play
 Maximum of three hits per side usually bump,
set and attacker.
Offense -the team with possession of the ball that is
trying to attack the ball
Errors and Violations
 Players may not hit the ball twice in
succession
 Catching
 Libero spiking/blocking
 Players not being in correct positions
 Using another player as support to reach the
ball
 Stepping over back boundary line to serve
 Taking over 8 secs, to serve
Rotation
 Team will rotate each time they win the serve
 Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner
Scoring
 First team to get 25 points wins the set
 Matches are best-of-five sets
 Fifth set usually played to 15 points scoring
Libero- an Italian term means "free" and was
introduced internationally in 1998
- a player specialized in defensive skills
- must wear contrasting jersey from his/her
teammates
- he/she cannot block or attack the ball
- is the most skilled defensive player on the
team
- there may only be one Libero per set
- is not allowed to serve
Recent Rules Changes
 Allowing serves in which the ball touches
the net, as long as it goes over the net into
the opponent's court.
 Expanded service area, for players to
server anywhere behind the end line
 Allowing double hits on teams' first
contact
The Hand Signals
 Point- raise arm on side of a team earning a
point, extended forefinger
 Ball came to rest- with bent elbow, raise from
waist to chest level. Make the signal on the
side of the team that committed the fault.
Then indicate player that committed the fault
 Double Fault, Re-Serve, Play Over- hold fists
close together at chest, thumbs extended
 Sideout- extend the arm toward team that move hand toward forehead in beckoning
will serve, with palm perpendicular to the motion
floor.
 Double Hit- raise arm, extend forefinger and
middle finger, and make the signal on the side
of the team that committed the fault
 Illegal Block or Screen- raise both arms,
elbows bent, palm facing forward. Then
indicate player who committed fault
 Ball “in”- point to front zone (between attack
line and center line) with open hand, palm
facing net, and make the signal on the side of
the team that committed the fault
 Ball crossing under net- point to center line
with open hand, palm facing net. Make the
signal on the side of the team that committed
the fault
 Foot fault- point to endline with open hand,
palm perpendicular to floor
 Player crossing center line- point to endline
with open hand, palm perpendicular to floor
raise arm across chest, bent at elbow, palm
up. Use arm closest to the team that
committed the fault, motioning under the net.
 Player out of position/wrong server- make
clockwise circular motion with index finger
then indicate player(s) committing the fault
 Ball “out”- raise arms vertically and parallel,
bent at elbow, palms facing body, then
indicate player committing the fault
 Player touches net- touch net with open palm
and use arm closest to team committing the
fault, then indicate player touching the net
 Timeout- form hands in the shape of “T” then
indicate the team making the request
 Ball “out” after contact by the player- hold
one arm vertically with palm forward. Brush
fingertips with other palm held horizontally
 Back row attack/attack of serve- make
forward swinging motion with forearm then
indicate player committing the fault Strategies
 Substitution- rotate fists around each other in
circular motion then indicate the team 1. Setters- orchestrate the offense of the team
making the request 2. Liberos- defensive players responsible for
 Four hits- raise arm with palm facing forward receiving the attack
with thumb across palm, extend remaining 3. Middle blockers/hitters- perform very fast
fingers attacks that usually take place near the setter
4. Outside/left-side hitter- attack from the
 Illegal attack or block over net- hold hand
antenna most consistent player and gets the
above chest, palm down then indicate player
most sets
committing the fault
5. Opposite/right-side hitters- carries the
 End of match- cross forearms across chest,
defensive work load in the front row; back up
open palms on shoulders
setters
 Initiation of service- extend arm toward
server with elbow bent. With palm down,
Responsibilities of Team Leaders
1. Team Captain
 signs the score-sheet & represents his team in
toss prior to the match
 the game captain/leader while in play
 speaks to the referees for explanation of
application/interpretation of rules
 requests timeouts & substitutions
 thanks the referees & signs the score-sheet to
ratify the outcome
2. Coach
 conducts the play of the team outside the
playing court
 selects starting lineups, their substitutes, &
takes timeouts for giving instructions
 checks & ratifies the name & number of
players on the score-sheet
 requests timeouts & substitutions
3. Additional coach
 sits on the team bench; no right to intervene
in the match
 can assume the coach's function but with
authorization of 1st referee and at the request
of team captain
Responsibilities of Gaming Officials
1. 1st referee
 Inspects the conditions of the playing court &
game equipment
 Performs the toss up for service & court
 Controls team warm-ups
 Empowers signals & penalizes game faults
2. 2nd referee
 Supervises behavior of the players on the
bench
 assistant/substitute of 1st referee
3. Scorer
 keeps the score-sheet according to the rules
 records and verifies the scores, timeouts, &
substitutions of each team
4. Linesman
 signals the faults assigned to them - Ball in,
Ball out, or Ball touch - by means of the flag