- Theo dinh nghla: " D6ng dllng la day cac ch�t c6 tinh ch�t tuong w nhau hon kem

I hay nhiSu nh6m CH2

trong phan tu ". Do vay m1,1c dich cua phuong phap nay la ta se dua day g6m nhiSu ch�t trong cung mot day
d6ng dllng vS ch�t don gian nh�t va cac nh6m CH2 . DS hiSu r5 hon ta di phan tich ki vS each quy d6i sau:
- Xet cac a - aminoaxit no, m;;i.ch ho, trong phan tu c6 chua I nh6m -NH2 va I nh6m -COOH:
Vl glyxin (C2 H5 O2N) c6 cong thuc don gian nh�t nen ta bilt dftu tu alanin va valin
+ Ta c6: Alanin (C3H7 O2 N) = Glyxin (C2 HsO2 N) + CH2
Valin (C5 H9O2 N) = Glyxin (C2 H5 O2 N) + 3CH2
- Luc nay ta xet mot peptit b�t ki dugc t;;i.o thanh tu h6n hgp cac cac a - aminoaxit no, m;;i.ch ho, trong phan
tu c6 chua I nh6m -NH2 va I nh6m -COOH.

: I :
CH3

Vf d\l: H-:-HN-CH
I 2-CO-NH-CH-CO-l-OH I
I\. ____J \
v
J I
V
mat xfch gly mat xfch ala
⇒ Quy d6i peptit ban dftu vS cac g&c axyl C2H3ON, C3H5ON va H2O ma C3H5ON = C2H3ON + CH2
⇒ T6ng quat: C2H3ON, CH2 va H2O.
- Mpt s6 tridrng htJP il{tc bift:
+ N�u trong phan tu cua peptit c6 chua cac milt xich lysin thi thvc hi�n phap tach sau:
C6H1 2ON2 = C2H3ON + NH + 4CH2
⇒ H6n hgp luc nay g6m: C2H3ON, CH2, NH va H2O.
+ N�u trong phan tu cua peptit c6 cac milt xich axit glutamic thl ta thvc hi�n phep tach sau:
CsH7O3N = C2 H3ON+COO+2CH2
⇒ H6n hgp luc nay g6m: C2H3ON, CH2, CO2 va H2O.
- DS XU li d;;i.ng nay ta cftn di tim mol cua cac ch�t v6i nH 20 = n peptit .
- Ap dt_mg vao cac dtmg toan trqng tam:
• D6t chay peptit: Khi d&t chay h6n hgp C2H3ON (a mol) CH2 (b mol) H2O (c mol) thl:
9 3 I
C2 H3ON + - 0 2 ------+ 2CO2 + - H2 O + - N2
4 2 2

nco 2 = 2a+b
+ Tu phuong trinh ta rut ra dugc: {nH2 0 = 1,5a+b+C va no 2 = 2, 25a+1, Sb
_
nN2 - 0,5a
• Thuy phan trong moi tnrong ki�m: Khi cho h6n hgp C2H3ON (a mol) CH2 (b mol) H2 O (c mol) tac
C2H3ON C2H4O2NM
d1,mg v6i MOH (Na, K) thi: { +MOH� {
CH2 CH2
+ Tu tren ta rut ra dugc: nc2H 30N = nMoH ptr = nc2H 40 2 NM va nH 20 = n peptit
BTKL
---- mmufli = ffiC 2H 30N+ffiCH2 + mMOH pu
N�u dung mot lugng du MOH thi: mdn = ffiC 2H30N+ffiCH 2 + mMoH ban d�u
• Cac vi dlf, minh hra:

Vi dl] 1: Thuy phan den hoan toan 1 mol peptit X va 1 mol peptit Y thu duQ'c 3 mol Alanin va 4 mol
glyxin. M�t khac d6t chay hoan toan 13,7 gam peptit X d.n dung vua du 13,44 lit khi 0 2 , va thu duQ'c
h6n hQ'p khi sau phan l'.mg biet t6ng kh6i luQ'ng CO 2 va H2O la 30,1 gam. S6 lien ket peptit trong Y la:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

- Thuy phan 1 mol peptit X va 1 mol peptit Y thu duQ'c 3 mol Alanin va 4 mol Glyxin suy ra t6ng s6
mile xich c6 trong X va Y la 7.
- Quy d6i peptit X thanh C 2H3 ON (a mol), CH2 (b mol) va H2O (c mol). Khi d6t 13,7 (g) X thl
2 , 2 5nc 2tt 3oN+1, 5 nctt 2 = no 2 2 , 25a +1, 56 = 0, 6 a = 0, 2
{44.(2 nc 2H 30N+ ncH 2 )+18 .(1, 5nc 2H 30N+ ncH 2 + nH 2 0 )= 30,1 ➔ {115a+ 626+ l 8c = 30,1 ⇒ {6 0,1
_ :
57nc 2 tt 3oN+l4nctt 2 +18ntt2o = mx 57a+l4b+l8c-13,7 -
c-nx -0,05
n
⇒ So mic xich cuaX = c2 3
H 0N
= 4 . V�y X: tetrapeptit va Y: tripeptit ⇒ Trang y c6 [ll lien ket peptit.
nx

Vi d l] 2 (D� MH-2017): Cho m gam h6n hQ'p M g6m dipeptit X, tripeptit Y, tetrapeptit Z va pentapeptit T
(d@u mi;tch ha)tac d1,mg v6i dung dich NaOH vua du, thu duQ'c h6n hQ'p Q g6m mu6i cua Gly, Ala va Val.
D6t chay hoan toan Q bing mot luQ'ng oxi vua du, thu lfry toan bo khi va hoi dem hfrp th1,.1 vao binh dung
nu6c voi trong du, thfry kh6i luQ'ng binh tang 13,23 gam va c6 0,84 lit khi (dktc) thoat ra. M�t khac, d6t
chay hoan toan m gam M, thu dUQ'C 4,095 gam H2O. Gia tri cua m gin nhit v6i gia tri nao sau day?
A. 6,0. B. 6,5 . C. 7,0. D. 7,5 .

0,0375 mo!
rob.tang = 13, 23 (g)va N2

BT:H
- Ta c6: { ➔ 44nco 2 +18nH 2o = 1 3, 23 ➔ x = 0, 09
BT:C
nc o 2 = 2nc
2H 4 0 2 NNa + ncH 2
-nNa 2C0 3 = 0,1125+ X

0,075 mo! 0,09 mo! a mo!

- Khi d6t: C2H4O2NNa , CH2 ,H2 0 nH 2o = 0, 202 5+ a= 0, 2275 ➔a= 0,02 5 mol ⇒ mM = 15 ,985 (g)I
m(g)M

Vi d l] 3: H6n hQ'p X g6m tripeptit Y, tetrapeptit Z va pentapeptit T (d@u mi;tch ha) chi ti;to ra tu Gly, Ala va
Val. D6t chay hoan toan m gam X, r6i cho toan bo san phfrm chay(chi g6m CO 2 , H2O va N 2 ) vao binh dung
140ml dung dich Ba(OH)2 IM, sau khi cac phan {.mg xay ra hoan toan thfry c6 840ml (dktc) mot khi duy
nhfrt thoat ra va thu duQ'c dung dich c6 kh6i luQ'ng tang 11,865 gam so v6i kh6i luQ'ng dung dich Ba(OH)2
ban diu. Gia tri cua m gin gia tri nao nhit sau day
A. 7,26 B. 6,2 6 C. 8,25 D. 7,25
Htr011g d�n giai
- Quy d6i h6n hQ'p X thanh C2H3ON, CH2 (a mol) va H2O (6 mol)
 BT:Ba
+ Goi nBaco3 =x mol----nBa(HC0 3 ) 2 = (0,14-x) mo l
BT:C
---nBaC0 3 + 2nBa(HC0 3 ) 2 = 2nc 2H 30N + ncH 2 ➔ X + 2(0,14-x) =0,1 5 + a ⇒ X=0,13-a ( 1)
Thay (1) vao
+ T a c6: mctct tang= 44 nco + 1 8n H o -1 97nBaco -------''------'--'-
2 2 3 ------+259a + 1 8b= 28 , 85 (2)
+ Goi k la s6 nguyen ru N trung binh trong X v6i: 3 < k < 5
0, 75
• V6i k = 3 ➔ b = � =0,025 . Thay b vao (2) ta tinh duc;rc a = 0,1096 ⇒ mx = 6, 2601 gam

0, 75
• V6i k = 5 ➔ b = � =0,01 5 . Thay b vao (2) ta tinh duc;rc a = 0,11 ⇒ mx = 6,085 gam

V�.y gia tri cua m n�m trong khoang: I6,085 < m < 6, 26011

Vi dy 4: X, Y (Mx < My ) la hai peptit mc;1ch ha, hon kem nhau mot lien kSt peptit. Dun n6ng 36,58 gam h6n
hc;rp E chua X, Y va este Z (C 5H11O 2N ) v6i dung dich N aOH vua du, chung c�t dung dich sau phan ung, thu
duc;rc 0,05 mol ancol etylic va h6n hc;rp chua 2 mu6i cua 2 a- aminoaxit thu6c cung day d6ng dllng. D6t chay
toan b 6 mu6i c�n dung 1,59 mol 02 , thu duc;rc CO 2 , H2O, N2 va 26,5 gam N a2CO 3 . Ph�n tram kh6i luc;rng
cua X trong h6n hc;rp E la.
A. 45 ,2% B. 29,8% C. 34,1 % D. 2 7,1 %
Htrong din giai
- Hmrng ttr duy 1: Su di,.mg cong thuc t6ng quat cua mu6i
z C0 H 20 0 2 NNa + 0 2 ➔ N a 2CO 3 + CO 2 + H2O
+N aOH '------v-------
- Qua tdnh: X, Y, NH 2CH(CH3 ) COOC 2 H5 ------+ \ 1,59mol 0, 25 mo l
35,68(g) E C 2H5OH :0,05 mol
BT: Na
+ Xet (*) c6 :-----+nc-n H 2 n-0 2NN a = 2n Na 2co3 =0, 5 va no2 = (l,5n-0, 75).nc-nH 2n-02 NN a = 1,5 9 ⇒ n= 2,62
Vay 2 amino axit trong mu6i la Gly (NH2CH2COOH) va Ala (NH2CH(CH3 )COOH)
n Gl y + nAla = 2n N a2co3 =0, 5 n0l y =0,19 mol
/
+ Ta co { BT:C _ ➔ {
---2n01y + 3nAla =0, 5 .n= l,31 nAla =0,31mol

BTKL
-
--➔ mx + my + 40nN aOH = 97nNH2CH 2COONa + l l l nNH 2CH(CH 3 )COONa + l8nH 20 (*)
V6i mz = 117.nc2H 5OH = 5 ,85 ⇒ mx + my= mE -mz = 30, 73 (g)
nAlaNa = nAla - Ilz = 0, 26 mol BT: Na
Va, { ---➔ Il NaOH
=n
Gl y Na + nAlaNa
= 0,45mol
nGl y Na = n01 y = 0,19mol
+ ThS ph�n tren vao (*) ta tim duc;rc n 820 = 0,08 mol ⇒ nx + ny = nH 2o = 0,08 mol
. n Gl yN a + nAlaNa 0, 45
+ G 01
· k l'
a :..
so ma:. c ,
x1c h trung b'
m h ,
cu a X ,
va y : k = --'-------= --=5 , 625
nx + ny 0,08
, . , , . , 5 nx + 6ny = nmYNa nAlaNa nx = 0, 03mol
⇒Xl
+
a pentapeptlt va Y la hexapeptlt va { ➔{ _
nx + ny = 0,08 ny -0,05 mol
 . , Gly a (Ala)5_a : 0 , 03mol BT:Gly
+ Kh1 do: { anx + bn y = 0 ,1 9 ➔3a+5b=19➔ a=3 va b=2.
(Gly)b (Ala)6_b : 0 , 05mol
⇒ X la (Gly)3(Alah ⇒ %mx =1 2 7,14 %1
- Hmrng tu duy 2: Quy d6i -tach ch�t
+ Thvc hi�n tach ch�t nhu sau: NH CH(CH ) COO C H = HNCH CO + 3CH + H O
2 3 2 5 2 2 2
0,05mol 0,05mol 0,15 mol 0,05 mol
+ Ti�p tvc quy d6i h6n hqp E nhu sau:
(a +o,05)mol (b+0,15) mol (c+0,05)mol
to
C 2 H 3 ON , CH 2 , H2O -- Na 2CO 3 + CO 2 +H 2 O + N2
'-.,,--------'
36,58 gam E h6n hc;,p muoi l,59mol 0,25mol

+mcH +mtt 0 =35, 68

2H 3oN
mc 5 7a +14b + l 8c =2 9, 8 3 a = 0 , 45
2 2
Lap h� sau: 2 , 25nc 2H 30N +1, 5ncH2 = no2 =1, 59➔ {2, Sa +1, Sb=1, 2525 ➔ {b 0 ,16
� :
Ilc 2H 30N =2 n
Na zC03 = 0 , 5 a - 0 , 4 5 C - 0 , 10 78

.. - _ 2 nc 2tt3oN + nctt2 _ • • , {NH2CH2COOH (Gly)

+Ta co/ C a minoax it - --- --- - 2 , 62 ➔ 2 am moaxit la
Ilc 2tt3oN NH 2 CH(CH 3 ) COOH (Ala)
+ D�n day ta giai tuang W nhu hu6ng tu duy 1.

Vi dv 5: H6n hqp E chua ba peptit dSu m c;tch ha g6m peptit X (C4HsO3N2), peptit Y (C7HxO yNz) va peptit Z
(CuHaOmNt). Dun n6ng 28 ,42 gam E v6i dung dich NaOH vua du, thu duqc h6n hqp T g6m 3 mu6i cua
glyxin, alanin va valin. D6t chay toan bo T d.n dung 1, 1 55 mol 0 2, thu duqc CO 2 , H2O, N2 va 23,32 gam
Na 2 CO 3. Ph&n tram kh6i luqng cua X trong h6n hqp Ela
A. 4 ,64 % B. 6 ,97% C. 9,2 9% D. 13,93%
Hu6ng din giai
�� 4
IlAJaNa ,GlyNa , ValNa =2 n Na 2C03 =0 , 44 mol ma nAla ,Gly ,Yal =3(1,5nco 2 -no2 ) ⇒ nco 2 =0 , 99 mol
- Quy d6i h6n hqp Ethanh C2H3ON, CH2 va H2O. Lap h� sau:
57nc 2H 30N +14ncH2 + l 8nH 20 =28 , 42 nc H 0N =0, 44
2 3
IlGiy, AJa ,Val =4 4
2nc 2H 30N + ncH 2 =nco2 =0, 99➔{ncH2 =3n Val + nAla =0,11 ⇒ -llmac xich =----
BT:C
- ,
nx + ny + nz
2,25nc 2H 3oN +1, 5ncH2 =no2 =1,155 nH 2o =nx + n y + nz =0,1
⇒ Trong E c6 chua peptit c6 s6 m ile xich 16n 4,4 (5, 6 ho�c 7...). Vay Z la pentapeptit (Gly)4 Ala, X la
dipeptit (Glyh va Y la dipeptit AlaVal (khong thS la tripeptit (Gly)2 Ala vi khi d6 thuy phan h6n hqp E se
khong thu duqc mu6i cua Val).
BT:C
lnz = nco 2 =0 , 99
4 nx + 7n y+ l nx =0 , 01
0 , 01. 1 32
- Ta co:
/ 2 nx + 2 n y+ 5nz =2n NaoH =0 , 44 ➔ n y=0 , 01 ⇒ %mx = ---. 100 % =�
6.0.J
28 , 42
1 32 nx +1 74 n y+ 31 7n 2 =28 , 42 =0 , 08
{ n2
II. Truog ngtrng boa (Gop chu6i peptit}:
1. Dim hifu iii sir dlJ ng phu:01lg phap trung ngu:ng hoa .
Khi bai toan cho cac du kien sau:
- H6n ho-p gf>m nhiSu peptit khong biSt chinh xac ciu t�o nhung da biSt ti le mol
- BiSt t6ng s6 lien kSt peptit ( Cl,! the ho�c la nh6 hon mot gia tri nao d6)
- BiSt dUQ'C s6 mol cua cac san ph§.m thuy phan
+ NSu phan 1'.mg thuy phan khong hoan toan thi san ph§.m thu duo-c g6m cac do�n m�ch peptit nh6 hon.
+ NSu phan 1'.mg thuy phan hoan toan thi san ph§.m la h6n ho-p g6m cac mu6i cua a-aminoaxit.
2. Cach XU' ly bai toan.
- Chung ta se trung ngung h6a h6n ho-p g6m nhiSu cac peptit ma dS bai da cho thanh mot chu6i peptit 16n
hon (trong phuong phap nay chung ta t�m xem mot phan tu peptit la mot amino axit vi n6 cung mot diem
chung la c6 mot nh6m-COOH va mot nh6m-NH2 .)
- Vi d1,1
+ Trung ngung cac a-amino axit
nNH 2 -R-COOH xt,t (NH-R-CO)n +(n-l)H 2 0
0

+ Trung ngung cac phan tu peptit:

(X)n (Y)m
xt,t0
lX a +lY m ---X-X-X-X-X-....-Y-Y-Y-Y-Y + (l+l-l)H 2 0
(X)n-(Y)m
h (Ym h (Z 1 )4
(X n
xt, t0 ,----A--.
,----A--. ,----A---,
2X 0 +3Y m +4 Zr---X-X-X ... Y -Y -Y ... Z-Z-Z +(2+3+4-l)H 2 0

T6ng quat: aX n +bY m +cZr Xl,t

(T� xem X 0, Y m va Z1 la cac phan tu amino axit tu d6 trung ngung h6n ho-p peptit cung tuong n,r nhu trung
ngung cac amino axit vS ti le s6 mol cua cac chit tham gia phan 1'.mg va H 2 0).
- Goi x la s6 mic xich (ho�c gioi h�n s6 mic xich) ma bai toan da cho.
- Ta tinh dUQ'C ti le cua cac mu6i thu dUQ'C sau phan (mg la n A : n B : nc = kx: k y: kz .
- Nhan thiy phan tu peptit trung n,gung (X n )a CY m hC Zr)c trung voi peptit ma ta lap ti le la (Ahx (Bhy (C) 1a
Ta rut ra cac kit lu{m sau
BTKL
+ ---➔m(peptit ban diiu) = m(peptit san phfun) + m H2O
+I so mac xich(min) < Iso mac xich cua (X n )a CY m hCZ t )c < I so mac xichcmax)
(x+s6 phan tu pept it de cho). a k.(x+y+z) (x +s6 phan tir pept it de cho). c
Khi d6 ta se tim dUQ'C cac gia ttj cua k va ta dUQ'C cac nhan dinh sau:
nA = X.n(A)x(B)y(C)z
. nA nB nc
, k =q ⇒ n(A) 9x(B) 9y(C) 9z =n( X 11 )a( Ym ) b(Z 1 ) c =-=-=-➔
+Vai nn =y.n(A)x(B)y(C)z
xq yq zq
Vi d\f 1: H6n hQ'p E chua 2 peptit X, Y dSu ml;lch ho, c6 ti 1� mol tuong ung l a 4 : 1 va c6 t6ng sf> lien k�t
peptit nho hon 8. Dun n6ng m gam E v6i dung dich NaOH vua du, thu duQ'c 0,48 mol muf>i Gl y va 0,08
mol muf>i Al a. Gia tri m l a:
A. 36,64 gam B. 33,94 gam C. 35,18 gam D. 34,52 gam
Hmmg d§n giai
- Khi gop X, Y v6i ti 1� mol tuong ung l a 4 : 1 thi: 4X+Y ➔ X4 Y1 +4H2O (1)
+ Tu: n Giy :n Al a = 0, 48 :0, 08 = 6:1 thl: X4 Y 1 +(7k-l)H2O ➔ 6kGly+kAla ( 2)
- Gia SU t6ng sf> lien k�t peptit bllng 8 ta c6:
L so mac xfch (min) < Lso mac xfch cua X4Y 1 < L
so mac xfch (max) ➔ 10 < 7k < 40 ⇒ k = 2, 3, 4, 5
(8+ 2). l 6k+k ( 8+ 2).4

,. nGly nAla nx = 4nx4y1 =0,16mol

+VO'l k=2 ⇒ n (Gly)6 (Ala)1 =nx4y1 =--=--= 0,04 mol ➔ {
12 2 ny =nx4y1 =0,04 mol
- Ta c6: mE =mx 4y1 +4nH 2o (1) =mGJy +ffiAia -13nH 2o (2) + 4nH 2o (1) =1 36,64 (g)I

Vi d\f 2: H6n hQ'p X g6m ba peptit dSu ml;lch ho c6 ti 1� mol tuong ung 1 : 1 : 3. Thuy phan hoan toan m
gam X thu duQ'c h6n hQ'p san ph�m g6m 14,24 gam al anin va 8,19 gam valin. Bi�t t6ng s6 lien k�t peptit
trong phan tu cua ba peptit trong X nho hon 13. Gia tri cua m la :
A. 19,19. B. 18,29. C. 18,83. D. 18,47.
HU'6ng d§n giai
- Khi g6p 3 peptit A, B, C v6i ti 1� mol tuong ung la 4 : 1 thi: A+B+3C ➔ A1 B1 C3 +4H2O (1)
+ Tu: nAla :nvaI = 0,16:0,07=16:7 thl: A 1 B1 C 3+( 23k-l)H2O ➔ 16kGl y+7kAla ( 2)
- Gia SU t6ng sf> lien k�t peptit bllng 13 ta c6:
LSO mac xfch (min) < LSO mac xfch cua A 1 B 1C 3 < LSO mac xfch (max) ➔ 15 < 23k < 45 ⇒ k =1
(13+ 2).l 16k+7k (13 + 2).3

nA
ia vaI n nA =nn =nA1 B 1c 3 =0,01 mol
⇒ Il (Ala)16 (Val)? =llA 1B 1C 3 =--= --=0,01 mol ➔ {
16 7 nc =3nA1 B 1c3 =0,03 mol
- Ta c6: ffiE =mA1 B 1c3 +4n H 2 o (1) =ffiAia +mva1 - 22nH 2o (2) +4nH 2o (1) =119,19 (g)I

Vi d\f 3: H6n hQ'p X g6m 3 peptit Y, Z, T (dSu mc;tch ho) v6i ti 1� mol tuong ung la 2 : 3 : 4. T6ng s6 lien
k�t peptit trong phan tu Y, Z, T bllng 12. Thuy phan hoan toan 39,05 gam X, thu duQ'c 0,11 mol X1; 0,16
mol X2 va 0,2 mol X3. Bi�t X1, X2, X3 dSu c6 dc;tng H2NC n H2n COOH. M�t khac, df>t chay hoan toan m gam

X d.n 32,816 lit khi 02 (dktc). Gia tri cua m g§n nhit v6i gia tri nao sau day
A. 31. B. 28. C. 26. D. 30.
HU'6ng d§n giai
- Khi gop Y, Z va T v6i ti 1� mol tuong ung l a 2 : 3 : 4 thl 2Y +3Z+4T ➔ Y2Z3T4 +8H2O
+ Tu: nx :nx2 :nx 3 =0,11:0,16:0,2=11:16:20 ⇒ Y2Z3T4 la (X1)11k(X2 )16k(X3hok·
l

ma L so mac xfch (mi n) < L so macxfch cua Y 2 Z 3 T4 < L so mac xfch (max) ➔ 1 5.2 < 47k < 1 5.4 ⇒ k=1
(12 + 3).nz llk+l6k+ 20k (12 + 3).nx

,. nx 1 nx 2 nx 3 ny = 2ny2z 3T4 =0,02

+VO'I k =1⇒ n (A)29 (B) 9 =ny2z 3T4 =-= --=--=0,01 ➔ { ,
11 16 20 nz =3ny2Z 3T4 =0,03 va nT =4nY2Z 3T4 =0,04
- Hrr&ng trr duy 1:
+ Quy d6i h6n hQ'p X thanh C2H3ON ,CH2 va H2O .
/. , mx- 5 7nc2H30N- l8nH20 0
Va1 nc2 tt 3oN =nx 1 +nx2 +nx3 =0 ,4 7 va n H2o =n y +nz+nT =0 ,09 ⇒ nctt 2 =---��---� = ,76
14
Khi d6t luQ' ng X tren thi : n o2 = 2,25 n c2H30N+1,5ncH2 = 2,197 5 ⇒ V02 =4 9,224 (1)
V o 2 (d6t39,05 gX) 39 ,05 39 ,05
+Tuti le: = =1,5 ➔m = =l2 6,0 3gl
Vo 2 (d6t mgX) m 1,5
- Hrr&ng trr duy 2:
• ~ CnH2n-1ON:0 ,4 7 mol 17 0
+Quy doi hu6ng hon hQ'p X { v6i mx =0 ,4 7.(14n+29 )+0 ,0 9.18= 39,05 ➔n=-
H20: 0 ,09mol 47

° 15 �-�
+Khi d6t chiiy thi n 02 =(3 ; ' )-o,47 = 2 ,19 75 mol ➔Yo, = 4 9,224 (1) ⇒ mx 12 6,0 3gl

Vi dl_l 4: X, Y, Z la ba peptit m1;1ch ha, duQ'c t1;10 tucac a-amin oaxit thuoc day d6ng ding cua gly xin.Khi
d6t cha y X, Y v6i s6 mol bing nhau thi d�u thu duQ'c luQ' ng CO2 la nhu nhau. Dun n6ng 31, 12 gam h6n
hQ'p H g6m X, Y, Z v6i ti le mol tuang 1mg la 4 : 4 : 1 trong dung dich NaOH , thu duQ'c dung dich T chi
chua 0, 29 molmu6i Ava 0,09mu6i B ( MA< M B).Bi�t t6ng sf> lien k�t peptit trong ba phan tu X, Y, Z bing
11.Phan tu kh6i cua peptit Z la
A. 444. B. 402 . C. 4 8 6. D. 47 2.
Hmmg din giai
- Khi gop X, Y va Z v6i ti le mol tuang ung la 4 : 4 : 1c6 4X+4 Y+Z--X4Y4Z+8H20
, . nA _ 0,2 9 _ 29
+Tu. -- --- - ⇒ X5 Y5 Z la (A) i9k (B ) 9k .
n B 0,0 9 9
ma Ls6macxichcrnin) < Ls6macxfchcuaX 5 Y5Z < Ls6macxichcmax) ➔14.1<3 8k <14.4 ⇒ k =l
(11+3).nz 29k+9k (11+3).nx

nA n 8 nx =ny =4nx4y4z=0 ,05mol

,. k = 1 ⇒ n(Ah9(B) =nx y z=-
+Vm =-= 0 ,0lmol ➔{
9 4 4
29 9 nz=nx4y4z=0 ,0lmol
- Khich o 31,12 gam H+NaOH- �A+B+H20
+V6i nH20 =nM = nx +Ily +Ilz = 0,09mol va nNaOH =nA +nB =0 ,38m ol
BTKL - 54 ,14
- ----+ffiA +mB =mM +40n NaOH-18nH 2O =44 ,7 g ⇒ MA' B =--=117 ,63
0 ,4 6

⇒ H6n hQ'p mu6i c6 AlaNa h o�c GlyNa.

- Xet trrrirng hQ'p: H6n hQ'p mu6i chrra AlaNa.
/ 44 ,7-111.0 ,2 9
+Tac o: m=llln AlaNa +M B n B ⇒ M B =------=1 39:Va1Na
0 ,09

0 ,09
:- x1,ch Val= nva1-=--=1
+ S:-o mat -- ⇒ X, y , Z dAe uc o, 1phAan tu. V a1
nx,Y,Z 0 ,09
X: (Ala)x Val:0 ,0 4 mol BT·· A Ja
~ 0 ,0 4x+0 ,0 4 x=y= 3
y+0 ,0 lz =0 ,29
Hon hQ'p H: { Y: A
( la)y Val:0 ,0 4 mol ➔{ ➔{
Lso macx1 ch=(x+l)+( y+1)+( z+1)= 1 1+3
A' � ,
z =5
Z: ( Ala)z Val:0 ,0 1mol
Vay Z la (Ala)sVal ⇒ Mz = 14721

Vi d\l 5: D6t chay mot luong peptit X duoc tl;lo boi tu mot lol;li a-aminoaxit no cht'.ra 1 nh6m -N H2 va 1
nh6m -COOR c§.n dung 0,675 mol 0 2, thu duoc 0,5 mol CO2 . Dun n6ng m gam h6n hop E cht'.ra 3 peptit X,
Y, Z dSu mj;tch ho c6 ti 1� mol tuong t'.rng 1 : 4 : 2 voi 450 ml dung dich NaOH IM (vua du), co Cj;ln dung
dich sau phan t'.rng thu duoc 48,27 gam h6n hop chi cht'.ra 2 mu6i . BiSt t6ng s6 lien kSt peptit trong E b&ng
1 6 . Gia trim la
A. 30,63 gam B. 36,03 gam C. 32,12 gam p. 31 ,53 gam
Htrong d§n giai
- Quy d6i peptit X vS Cn H2n-1ON va H2O. Phuong trinh d6t chay:
3n-1,5 2n-1 1
Cn H2n-1ON + ---02 -� nCO2 +--H2O +-N 2
2 2 2
mol: 0,675 0,5
3 n- 5
- T'u phuong tnn
' h ta co:
' 0,5. ( I, J = 0, 675 n ➔ n = 5 nen
" X duoc cau
J... tl;lo b 01· Vam.
1·
?
2
8
- Khi cho E tac d1,mg voi NaOH ta c6: nNa0H = nmu6i = 0,45 mol ⇒ M = : ·:; = 107, 27 : trong h6n hop
'
nGlyNa + nValNa = 0, 45 nGJyNa = 0, 34 mol
mu01 co chua ValNa va GlyNa v01 { ➔{
J.... , , , , •

97nGlyNa + 122nValNa = 48, 27 nvalNa = 0,11 mol

- Khi gop X, Y, Y voi ti 1� mol tuong t'.rng la 1 : 4 : 2 thi: X + 4Y + 2Z ➔ X 1Y4Z2 + 6 H2O
+ Tu: n Gly : n Ala = 0,34 : 0,11 = 34: 11 ⇒ X1Y4Z2 la (Glyh4k (Val)11k

l
ma L so mic xich (min) < L so mic xfch cua X y4Z2 < L so mic xich
1 (max) ➔ 19 .2 < 45k < 19.4 ⇒ k = 1
(16+3).l 34k+l lk (16+3).4

nx = nx iY4z2 = 0, 01 mol
nGJy nval
'· k - 1 ⇒ n(Gly)34(Val) ii = nxiY4z 2 = ¾
+V01 = U = 0, 01 mol ➔ ny 4nx iY4z2 : 0, 04 mol
:
nz - 2nxiY4z2 - 0,02 mol

+Ta c6: nH 2o = nx + ny + nz = 0, 07 mol BTKL IDE = ffimu6i +1 8nH2 o - ffiNaOH = J31, 53 (g)J