UNIT 5 CELLS

PICTURES

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• Cell: a basic unit of structure and function in all organisms

• Cytoplasm:The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are

located.

• Mitochondrion: Shaped like a bean, this cell organelle helps take food and

manufacture energy from it.

• Nucleolus: An organelle within the nucleus, it is where ribosomal RNA is produced.

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• Organ: a body structure that works to perform a specialized function. Examples

include the lung or heart.

• Tissue: a large series of cells that work together to form a specific function

• Vacuole: storage areas of the cell known for storing mostly water and/or food.

• Cell membrane: protective outer covering of all cells that regulates the interaction

between the cell and its environment by allowing materials into and out of the cell

• cell wall: Mostly made of cellulose, this is the tough and rigid outer layer of plant cells.

This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure

• Chlorophyll: the green (in color) pigment found in chloroplasts where photosynthesis

takes place.

• Chloroplast: an egg shaped body that appears green from all the chlorophyll they

contain. This organelle is where photosynthesis takes place.

• Chromosome: Thin, intertwined pieces of DNA found in the cell's nucleus responsible

for transmitting hereditary characteristics.

• Organelles : structure in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that can act as a storage

site, process energy, move materials, or manufacture substances.

• Ribosomes : small structures on which cells make their own proteins

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• Endoplasmic Reticulum : An internal membrane system in which component of cell.

• Nuclear membrane: (also called a nuclear envelope) layer of two membranes that

surrounds the nucleus of a cell and regulates the movement of materials into and out

of the nucleus (like a screen door for nucleus).

• Prokaryotic: a unicellular organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane organelle.

• Eukaryotic: an organism whose cells have a distinct membrane bound nucleus and

organelle.

• Cytoskeleton: A microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the

cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence.

• Vesicles: Small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and

within a cell.

• Lysosomes: An organelle containing digestive enzymes to break down food molecules,

cell wastes.

• Multicellular: composed of more than one cell.

• Unicellular: composed of only one cell.

• Golgi bodies: flattened, curved sacs that package, sort, and distribute proteins to the

proper locations inside and out of the cell. Located near the ER.

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• Centricles: two structures in the cytoplasm located near the nuclear membrane that

help in cellular reproduction.

• DNA: located inside the nucleus, containing the genetic instructions used in the

development and functioning of all living things.