1.

Judul : efektifitas booklet terhadap pola asuh ibu hamil diabetes

2. Responden : 20 ibu hamil
3. Desain riset :
Pra – experimental with small groups of between six to ten
4. Metode :
Penelitian ini terdiri dari pretest, intervansi, pemberian materi gizi dan konseling gizi
serta postest.
Subjek penelitian seluruh ibu hamil diabetes (n=20) dengan metode penyuluhan
dengan berbagai perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan gizi pada ibu hamil diabetes. Data
karakteristik subjek seperti tentang pengetahuan gizi diperoleh melalui buku saku dan
leaflet yang diuji melalui kuisioner terkait pangan beragam, seimbang, sehat, aman
yang harus dikonsumsi oleh ibu hamil diabetes untuk kebutuhan asupan gizi ibu
untuk mengatur kadar glukosa dan asupan bayi. Sedangkan untuk menambah
wawasan pengetahuan gizi untuk ibu hamil dilakukan edukasi gizi secara
berkelompok.
5.
 The effectiveness of booklet to Parenting diabetic pregnancy in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Educational activities is one strategy to the management of diabetes mellitus.

Education is the activity of delivering health messages to groups or individuals in order to
gain a better knowledge. The selected media is pocket books, booklets chosen because it is
simple, brief, and contains a lot of information. A survey using 20 college women diabetic
pregnancy at Surabaya city. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of the
use of educational media pocket books on knowledge and dietary compliance of outpatients
with diabetes mellitus. The method is counseling with design used is Pretest-Posttest
designnamely in the two groups conducted a pretest to determine the initial state before being
given a different treatment. The Result showed no significant difference in knowledge and
compliance after being given nutrition education with media pocket book. It is Concluded
that no significant difference in knowledge and compliance after being given nutrition
education with media pocket book. (127 word)

Keyword: nutrition education, diabetic pregnancy, booklet and leaflet

INTRODUCTION not the intention of these guidelines to

In Indonesia, the prevalence of GDM
(according to O’Sullivan’s diagnostic
criteria) was 1.9 to 3.6%. In a cohort
study, as many as 40-60 % of this group
will progress to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) or
impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). In one
prospective study in Makassar among 46
women with GDM, the incidence of
T2DM and impaired glucose tolerance
(IGT) after 6 years of delivery were
56.6%.1 Considering the serious morbidity
and mortality for both mother and baby,
there should be an effective screening
method for pregnant women who were not
previously known to have DM.
The Indonesian Clinical Practice
Guidelines for Diabetes in Pregnancy is a
project of the Indonesian Task Force on
Reproductive Diseases, which is a
collaboration of Indonesian
endocrinologists caring for pregnant
women with diabetes. The objective of this
project is to develop clinical practice
guidelines on the screening, diagnosis and
management of diabetes in pregnancy
which reflect the current best evidence on
optimal medical practice and incorporate
local data into the recommendations. It is
replace clinical judgment and individual
decision making. Each recommendation
should be evaluated in light of these
elements in order to delivering optimal
patient care.
Educational media are all tools or
materials used as media for the message
that is conveyed withthe goal is to more
easily clarify the message, or for more
overall message range. Used the media to
maximize the senses that exist in
supporting message (santoso in supariasa,
2013)
Arrest knowledge given through the
sense of sight is 75% up 87%, through the
sense of hearing is 13%, and 12% of the
other senses. The more senses involved in
capturing a message, the easier the
message can be received by educational
goals (Notoatmodjo, 2007)
There are various types of media that
can be used in health education to
maximize the delivery of messages,
namely print media, electronic media or
bill board (Notoatmodjo, 2007). Pocket
book is one of the print media, pocket
book was chosen because of its nature
simple, concise, and contains a lot of
information. Pocket book is a pocket-sized
 book so it's effective to carry everywhere
and can be read anytime on when needed
formulated the problem in this study the
effectiveness of booklet to parenting
diabetic pregnancy in Indonesia
METODE
This research consisted of pretest,
intervention, provision of nutrition material
and nutritional counseling and posttest.
Research subjects were all trimester II
pregnant women with diabetes aged 25 - 35
years (n = 20) with counseling methods with
different levels of nutritional knowledge in
diabetic pregnant women. Data on subject
characteristics such as nutritional knowledge
was obtained through pocket books and
leaflets which were tested through
questionnaires related to diverse, nutritious,
balanced, and safe foods that should be
consumed by diabetic pregnant women for
their nutritional requirements to regulate
glucose levels and infant intake. Meanwhile, to
broaden the knowledge of nutrition for
pregnant women, nutrition education is done
in groups.
(Hidayah, Muniratul dan Supiyandi, 2018)
RESULT
The total number of respondents who
experienced DM were sampled in this study 20
people were taken when coming from nutrition
education counseling activities. Respondent
characteristics in this study include age, sex,
duration of DM, Body Mass Index, Fasting
Blood Sugar, Blood Pressure and Abdominal
Circumference. The information contained in
the booklet is arranged in a clear and detailed
manner so that it can be taken well by the
educational target and does not cause
misperception. The use of booklet media as an
educational aids for people with DM, will
make educational goals easier for the
information conveyed. Compared with the
(Eliana & Sholikhah, 2012). Based on the
background above, the researcher
delivery of information only because of oral,
because the educational objectives can help
directly pictures and writings which are an
explanation of the images in the media. Based
on data that can be estimated as many as 20-35
years sample that is equal to 89.1%. Age is a
factor that plays a role in pregnancy both in
the readiness of the reproductive organs,
experience, and knowledge of pregnant
women. The safe age for age and childbirth is
20 to 35 years. In addition, mothers who spend
20-35 years can consider more pregnancies,
are more mature and have a greater sense of
responsibility and confidence. Pregnant
women aged less than 20 years and more than
35 years are a higher risk for problems of
pregnancy and childbirth (Wiknjosastro,
2002).
Description of Pregnancy Age Pregnant
women who suffer from diabetes
We hope that the higher a person's
level of education, the easier it will be to
receive information. According to
Notoatmodjo (2003) women who have good
education, they are able to work on plans to
gain knowledge by education practitioners.
Education can affect a person including one's
behavior in life patterns, especially in
motivating to behave who participate in
development.This shows that mothers have
better knowledge about how to arrange food
for pregnant women who suffer from diabetes
after getting counseling using media booklets
and there is an influence on increasing sample
knowledge. There is a significant difference in
the increase in knowledge before and after
counseling about diabetes in pregnant women
where the average post test score is higher
compared to the pre test average score. The
results of the study also revealed that health
education was effective in increasing
knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women in
the prevention of diabetes in pregnancy. counseling using the media booklet. Media
According to Notoatmodjo (2003), booklets provide information that is not yet
there are several factors that influence a known by the sample, so that samples that
person's level of knowledge including age, cannot answer correctly before counseling can
level of education, work, and experience. answer correctly after counseling.
These factors are very influential in increasing
one's knowledge. The knowledge of pregnant DISCUSSION
women before being counseled with media
Gestational diabetes (GDM)
booklets more than 50% is still in the poor
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a
category. Mothers' knowledge increased after
condition where there is too much glucose
counseling with a media booklet where the
(sugar) in your blood. It is a form of diabetes
category of good knowledge increased to
that develops during pregnancy and usually
95.7%. This is possible because the booklet
goes away after your baby is born. Most of the
media has the advantage that it can be studied
glucose in your body comes from foods called
at any time independently because it is
carbohydrates (e.g. bread, cereal). All
designed in the form of a book and contains
carbohydrates break down into glucose after
more information thereby reducing the need
you eat them. A hormone called insulin
for mothers to take notes so that mothers can
normally controls the amount of glucose in
listen to what is conveyed without needing to
your blood. It acts like a key to open the cells
record all the material presented.Measurement
in your body so that glucose can enter and be
of sample knowledge is done by filling out the
used for energy (fuel). High levels of
questionnaire provided. The questionnaire
pregnancy hormones released by the placenta
used in the study consisted of 25 question
(usually during the 2nd and 3rd trimester)
items. Based on the analysis of the sample
work against your insulin so your body needs
answers can be known% correct answers
to make more insulin than normal to manage
knowledge before and after counseling.
your blood glucose levels. GDM occurs when
Indicators
you can’t make enough extra insulin to
used in the questionnaire include the definition
manage your blood glucose levels. Without
of diabetes, the signs and symptoms of
enough insulin, the level of glucose in your
diabetes, the cause of diabetes, the effects of
blood rises higher than normal after eating
diabetes, diabetes prevention, diabetes
carbohydrate.
prevention. The indicator is used in the
questionnaire before and after counseling with Managing pregnant women gestational
the media booklet. Percent of indicators diabetes
consisting of more than one question item For most women with GDM, blood
obtained by adding up the total answers should glucose levels can be managed with healthy
be multiplied by 100%. Percentage of correct lifestyle changes. This booklet will help you to
answers before the booklet counseling, it is plan a healthy lifestyle for pregnancy to help
known that the highest percentage increase manage your blood glucose levels.
(delta) score of correct answers lies in
indicators about the impact of diabetes. This Healthy eating for GDM means getting enough
proves that the knowledge of pregnant women nourishment from a variety of foods to help
especially about the effects of diabetes before baby’s growth and development.
counseling is still very low so there is a
1. Eat regular meals with the right amount and
significant increase in knowledge about the
type of carbohydrate to provide you and your
effects of diabetes after counseling. The
baby with energy.
increase in the percentage of correct answers
on all indicators illustrates the success rate of
2. Include protein (meat, fish, chicken, eggs,
cheese, legumes e.g. beans, lentils) at all meals
and snacks to support a healthy pregnancy and
help manage blood glucose levels.
3. Eat 2-3 fruit (1 at a time) and plenty of
vegetables each day for vitamins and fibre.
Base your meals on vegetables/salad and eat a
range of colours to get a variety of nutrients.
4. Eat 3-5 servings of dairy or milk
alternatives (unsweetened) each day for
protein and calcium. Choose low-fat options
and avoid any soft, mold-ripened or un-
pasteurised cheeses.
5. Eat healthy fats (nuts, seeds, avocado and
plant oils). Avoid fast food, processed meats,
cakes and biscuits. Eat oily fish (salmon, trout,
mackerel, sardines) 1-2 per week or take a fish
oil supplement (not cod liver oil) for omega-3
to support baby’s brain development. Omega-3
is also found in Soya, walnut & rapeseeds.
6. Get enough vitamin D (eggs, salmon,
mackerel, sardine and fortified milks) to help
your body absorb calcium. You should also
take a daily vitamin D supplement of 5- 10 µg.
Pregnancy multivitamins contain 10 µg (not
cod liver oil).
regular exercise. Always get your doctor’s
advice before starting a new activity,
especially if you have any health problems,
pains or discomfort.
Monitor your progress: food and activity
diary
You may find it useful to keep a food
and activity diary to track your progress,
especially in the first few weeks.
Each day, write down your meals,
snacks and activity you have done. Note the
positive changes you have made and anywhere
there might still be room for improvement.
Feel free to bring this diary with you to your
diabetes clinic visits and discuss with your
dietitian.
CONCLUSION
The book that we provide contains
knowledge and advice on what foods are
recommended to eat and not eat. With the
booklet that we provide is expected to provide
knowledge for pregnant women who have
diabetes mellitus and hopefully the book can
reduce diabetics in pregnant women.

Physical activity and gestational diabetes

Regular physical activity is an
important part of a healthty pregnancy and
helps lower your blood glucose levels.
Walking, swimming, pilates, yoga, antenatal
and gentle exercise classes are all good
options. If you are unable to do any of these
activities, regular upper- arm exercises can be
effective in reducing blood glucose levels.
Aim to build up to at least 30
minutes of suitable exercise most days of the
week. This can be broken into 2 x 15 mins or 3
x 10mins during the day. For example,
including a 10-15 minute walk after meals can
be benefical in keeping blood glucose levels
within target.
It is very important that you do not
overdo it, especially if you are not used to