The Universe

and
the Solar System
Cosmology
•It is the study of the
universe including its
properties, structures and
evolution
Universe
•It is derived from the French word univers,
which in turn derives from the Latin word
universum
•It is all space and time and its contents which
includes planets, moons, stars, galaxies, the
content of intergalactic space and all matter
and energy
•It is also known as cosmos
How did our universe
came into existence?
Guess who???
 Georges Lemaître
• The universe began as a
very hot, small, and dense
super force (the mix of the
four fundamental forces),
with no stars, atoms, form,
or structure (called a
"singularity")

Big Bang Theory

Big Bang Theory
 Alan Guth
•There is explosively rapid
expansion of space-time
that occurred a tiny
fraction of a second after
the Big Bang.

Cosmic Inflation Theory

Cosmic Inflation Theory
 Fred Hoyle
•The universe is
expanding and has
an infinite age.

Steady State Theory

Steady State Theory
 Holy Bible
•God took 6 days
to create the
entire universe.

Creation Myth
Creation Myth
How did the Solar System
and its life forms
originate?
Guess who???
 Immanuel Kant
Pierre Simon Laplace
•The Solar System is
formed from the
nebulous materials
that have collapse
due to gravity.
Nebular Hypothesis
Nebular Hypothesis
 Thomas Crowder Chamberlin
Forest Ray Moulton
•The planets were formed
by the accumulation of
extremely small bits of
matter planetesimals
that revolved around the
sun.
Planetisimal Hypothesis
Planetisimal Hypothesis
 James Hopwood Jean
Harold Jeffrey
•The planets were formed
from the substance that
was torn out of the sun
due to gravitational pull.

Tidal Theory
 Aristotle
•Earth was at the
center of the
Universe and it is
stationary.
Geocentric Model
Geocentric Model
 Cladius Ptolemy
•Earth was at the center
of the Universe and the
other celestial bodies
revolved around Earth in
perfect circles with
constant velocity.
Geocentric Model
Geocentric Model
 Nicolaus Copernicus
•Sun is the center
of the universe.

Heliocentric Model
Heliocentric Model
 Tycho Brahe
•Earth was at the center
of the universe. The sun
and the moon revolve
around the Earth and
other planets revolve
around the Sun.
Tychonic System
Tychonic System
 Johannes Kepler
•The orbit of a planet
around the sun is an
ellipse, with the sun
at one focus.
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
Galileo Galilei
Using his telescope, he
discovered that the sun is
the center (heliocentric) of
our solar system. Our solar
system is a part of a larger
universe.
Galileo’s Discoveries
 Isaac Newton
Gravity is the main
source that holds our
solar system together.

Gravitational pull
Refences
• https://www.slideshare.net/mushthart/universe-and-
solar-system-79038854
• https://www.slideshare.net/mushthart/early-models-
of-the-universe
The Universe will start to
rearrange itself to make
it happen for you
-Rhonda Byrne
Suppose you meet an alien, and asks you to
describe Earth-your home using a song,
poem or painting, how will you describe
Earth?