Data Ar Data Amylose

Atom Ar (gr/mol) BM Amylose 2.10E+06

Cl 35.4530 (C6H10O5)n 162.142
C 12.0110
H 1.0079
O 15.9994
Na 22.9898
Data Mr
Molekul Mr (kg/kmol)
H2O 18.0152
NaOCl 74.4422 Data Amylopectin
NaCl 58.4428 BM Amylopectin 2.42E+08
C6H8O6 176.1256 (C6H10O5)n 162.142
C6H8O5 160.1262
Data Starch
Amylose 17.00%
Amylopectin 83.00%
Air 3.00%

7.62E+04 C6H10O5 6.28E+02 NaOCl 7.58E+04

C 4.57E+05
H 7.62E+05
O 3.81E+05 6.28E+02
Na 6.28E+02
Cl 6.28E+02

starch monomer fraksi bm bm starch

amilosa 1.30E+04 1.70E-01 2.10E+06 3.57E+05
amilopektin 6.32E+04 8.30E-01 2.42E+08 2.01E+08
BM Starch 2.01E+08
 Data Jurnal/Patent
Act Chlorine 10 gr/kg starch
Yield Product 99.40% %
Carbonyl Content 0.09% %
Carboxyl Content 0.37% %
Act Chlorine in
80 gr/l NaOCl
NaOCl 8%
BJ NaOCl 8% 1.163 kg/l
BJ NaOH 4% 1 kg/l

Perhitungan Koef Reaksi

n Amylose 1.30E+04
n starch 7.62E+04
n Amylopectin 6.32E+04
n Carbonyl 7.16E+01
n Carboxyl 2.78E+02
n Starch Non Ox 7.58E+04

C6H10O5 7.16E+01 C6H8O5 2.78E+02 C6H8O6 6.28E+02

4.55E+05 4.30E+02 1.67E+03

7.58E+05 5.73E+02 2.22E+03
3.79E+05 3.58E+02 1.67E+03
 NaCl 3.50E+02 H2O

6.99E+02
3.50E+02
6.28E+02
6.28E+02
1. Ne Heater (memanaskan dari mixer ke reaktor dr suhu 30 - 35)
2. Ne di Reaktor (cari rx pembentukan delta H nya)
3. Ne Heater (memasakan keluaran filter ke dryer, suhu 35 - 40)
4. NE dryer
5. Ne setelah dryer (dihancurkan, suhu diturunkan dari 40 - suhu ruang 30)

PERHITUNGAN JOBACK METHOD

Monomer Pati
-CH2 (non ring) 1 T 30.00
>CH- (ring) 5 35
-OH 3
-O- (ring) 1
-O- (non ring) 1
Glucose 7.62E+04
n glucose (amylose) 1.30E+04
n glucose (amylopectin) 6.32E+04

Cp in kj/kMol Kelvin 30 C
A B C D
Glucose (for amylose) -39.04 1.04 -1.07E-03 4.28E-07
Amylose -5.06E+05 1.35E+04 -1.38E+01 5.54E-03
CP Amylose = CP amylo 190.50
Amylopectin -2.47E+06 6.59E+04 -6.75E+01 2.71E-02
CP Amylopectin 1.20E+07

CP Cassava Starch
CP =(fraksi mol Amylose * CP Amylose)+(fraksi mol amylopectin * CP Amylopectin)
CP Cassava Starch 30 1.91E+02
CP Cassava Starch 35 1.93E+02

Perhitungan Hf by Joback method 3.24E+01

Monomer Pati Heat Capacity

-CH2 (non ring) 1 Komponen Fase
>CH- (ring) 5 C6H10O5 Liq
-OH 3 C6H8O5 Liq
-O- (ring) 1 C6H8O6 Liq
-O- (non ring) 1 NaCl Liq
Glucose 7.62E+04 NaOH Liq
n glucose (amylose) 1.30E+04 H2O Liq
n glucose (amylopectin) 6.32E+04 NaOCl Liq
n C6H8O6 2.78E+02
n C6H8O5 7.16E+01
n nonOx starch 7.58E+04

Komponen ΔHF (Kj/kmol) Heater 01

Glucose -803.5 T in 303
C6H10O5 as polymer -6.12E+07 T out 308
C6H8O6 -1023.62 T reff 298
C6H8O6 as polymer -2.85E+05 Cp C6H10O5 in 946.09
C6H8O5 -733.59 Cp C6H10O5 out 1,904.99
C6H8O5 as polymer -5.25E+04 Cp H2O in 377.50
Starch non Ox -803.5 Cp H2O out 754.49
Starch non OX as polymer -6.09E+07
Air -285.82 CSTR
NaCl -385.92 T in = T out 308
NaOCL -347.1 T reff 298
Cp C6H10O5 1,904.99
CP C6H8O5 1,650.73
CP C6H8O6 1,793.15
CP NaCl 858.65
CP NaOH 871.09
CP H2O 754.49
CP NaOCl 38.02

RDVF
T in = T out 313
T reff 298
Cp C6H10O5 3,720.55
CP C6H8O5 2,525.05
CP C6H8O6 2,967.48
CP NaCl 1,297.76
CP NaOH 1,308.85
CP H2O 2,183.83
CP NaOCl 57.02

Komponen MR n
C6H10O5 12352941.1765 1.496E-03
C6H10O5 12296241.1765 1.496E-03
C6H8O5 12613.1972338 1.360E-03
C6H8O6 48976.7764929 1.496E-03
NaOCl 0.93925393458

Heat Capacity of Air

 Komponen A B C D
Oxygen 29.526 -8.89E-03 3.80E-05 -3.26E-08
Nitrogen 29.34 -3.53E-03 1.00E-05 -4.31E-09

Air composition MR
Oxygen 22.00% 32 303 K
Nitrogen 78.00% 28

Cp Oxygen 29.49 Kj/kmol k 7.04

Cp Nitrogen 29.07 Kj/kmol k 21.84
Cp Air 29.16 Kj/kmol k
 C 303.00 K
C 308

35 C
A B C D
-39.04 1.04 -1.07E-03 4.28E-07
-5.06E+05 1.35E+04 -1.38E+01 5.54E-03
193.05
-2.47E+06 6.59E+04 -6.75E+01 2.71E-02
1.22E+07

A B C D
-39.04 1.04 -1.07E-03 4.28E-07
-6.46E+00 6.47E-01 -2.70E-04 1.56E-08
-1.98E+01 8.04E-01 -5.24E-04 1.31E-07
9.50E+01 -3.10E-02 9.68E-07 5.51E-09
8.76E+01 -4.83E-04 -4.54E-06 1.18E-09
9.21E+01 -3.99E-02 -2.11E-04 5.34E-07 9.09E+01
3.802
 Heater 02
In Out
T in 308 T out 313
T reff 298 T reff 298
Cp C6H10O5 1,904.99 Cp C6H10O5 3,720.55
CP C6H8O5 1,650.73 CP C6H8O5 2,525.05
CP C6H8O6 1,793.15 CP C6H8O6 2,967.48
CP NaCl 858.65 CP NaCl 1,297.76
CP NaOH 871.09 CP NaOH 1,308.85
CP H2O 754.49 CP H2O 2,183.83
CP NaOCl 38.02 CP NaOCl 57.02

Air cooler
In Out
T in 313 T out 303
T reff 298 T reff 298
Cp C6H10O5 3,720.55 Cp C6H10O5 1,904.99
CP C6H8O5 2,525.05 CP C6H8O5 1,650.73
CP C6H8O6 2,967.48 CP C6H8O6 1,793.15
CP NaCl 1,297.76 CP NaCl 858.65
CP NaOH 1,308.85 CP NaOH 871.09
CP H2O 2,183.83 CP H2O 754.49
CP NaOCl 57.02 CP NaOCl 38.02
 E
8.86E-12
2.59E-13
Referensi
https://booksite.elsevier.com/9780750683661/Appendix_C.pdf
https://checalc.com/solved/property_joback.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26548759_Effects_of_temperature_and_concentration_on_thermal_prope
https://neax502.wordpress.com/2012/07/23/get-information-heat-of-formation-from-ab-initio-calculation/
http://gaussian.com/thermo/
https://checalc.com/solved/property_joback.html
entration_on_thermal_properties_of_cassava_starch_solutions
itio-calculation/
 Basis 100.000 kg Cassava Starch
Starch 0.970 = 97.000 kg
Amylose 0.170 16.490 kg amylose
Amylopectin 0.830 80.510 kg amylopectin
H2O 0.030 = 3.000 kg

Jenis Mixer = Tangki berpengaduk

Fungsi = Untuk mencampurkan starch dengan air (slurry starch)

Setiap 700 gr dibutuhkan distilled water sebanyak 1 liter

Perbandingan Bahan Baku

Starch 0.7 kg
H2O 1 liter

Perbandingan Basis Bahan Baku

Starch 97.000 kg
H2O 138.5714285714 liter 138.5714285714 kg

Tangki Penyimpanan Distilled

Water
2
1
Tangki Penyimpanan Mixer

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 1 2 3
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 97.000 97.000
Air 3.000 138.571428571429 141.571
Sub Total 100.000 138.571428571429 238.571
Total 238.571 238.571 Balance

Jenis reaktor = CSTR

Fungsi = Tempat terjadinya reaksi oksidasi antara starch dan NaOCl

Kebutuhan Chlorine
Chlorine 10 gr/ 1 kg starch
 0.97 kg/ 97.000 kg starch
Volume NaOCl 8% 12.125 l
M Larutan NaOCl 8% 14.101375 kg
M Air 13.131375 kg
Konversi 100.00%

0 7.62E+04 C6H10O5 6.28E+02 NaOCl

Awal 0.5982 0.0130
Rx 0.5982 0.0049
Akh 0.0000 0.0081
Massa 0.00 0.60

NaOCl 8%

4
3
Mixer Reactor

NaOH 4%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 3 4 5 6
kg kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 97.000 0.000
Air 141.571 13.131 4.6560 159.41
NaOCl 0.970 0.60
Ox Cassava Starch 96.55
C6H8O5 0.09
C6H8O6 0.38
NaCl 0.29
NaOH 0.1940 0.19
Sub total 238.571 14.101 4.850 257.523
Total 257.523 257.523

Jenis reaktor = Rotary Drum Vacum Filter

Fungsi = Memisahkan oxidized starch dan cairannya
 6 8
Reactor RDVF

Cairan yang terkandung di dalam cake 33.00%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 6 7 8
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 159.408 127.3886 32.02
NaOCl 0.603 0.4040 0.20
Ox Cassava Starch 96.555 96.55
C6H8O5 0.090 0.09
C6H8O6 0.385 0.38
NaCl 0.288 0.1930 0.10
NaOH 0.194 0.1300 0.06
Sub total 257.523 128.116 129.407
Total 257.523 257.523 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Tangki berpengaduk

Fungsi = Untuk menghilangkan impurities dari oxidized starch

Distilled Water Tank

9
8 10
RDVF Washing Tank

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 8 9 10
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 32.020 194.0588 226.08
NaOCl 0.199 0.20
Ox Cassava Starch 96.555 96.55
C6H8O5 0.090 0.09
C6H8O6 0.385 0.38
NaCl 0.095 0.10
NaOH 0.064 0.06
Sub total 129.407 194.059 323.466
Total 323.466 323.466 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Rotary Drum Vacum Filter

Fungsi = Memisahkan oxidized starch dan cairannya

10 12
Washing Tank RDVF 2

11

Cairan yang terkandung di dalam cake 33.00%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 10 11 12
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 226.079 194.0588 32.02
NaOCl 0.199 0.1990 0.00
Ox Cassava Starch 96.555 96.55
C6H8O5 0.090 0.09
C6H8O6 0.385 0.38
NaCl 0.095 0.0951 0.00
NaOH 0.064 0.0640 0.00
Sub total 323.466 194.417 129.049
Total 323.466 323.466 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Rotary dryer

Fungsi = Mengeringkan oxidized starch cake

12 14
RDVF 2 HEATER
 13

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 12 13 14
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 32.020 29.6491 2.37
NaOCl 0.000 0.00
Ox Cassava Starch 96.555 96.55
C6H8O5 0.090 0.09
C6H8O6 0.385 0.38
NaCl 0.000 0.00
NaOH 0.000 0.00
Sub total 129.049 29.649 99.400
Total 129.049 129.049 Balance
 Mixer

Reactor
 7.58E+04 C6H10O5 71.61 C6H8O5 278.08

0.5955 0.0006
0.5955 0.0006
96.55 0.09

Kebutuhan NaOH
Di jurnal disebutkan bahwa membutuhkan 0,5 ml NaOH 4% untuk menetralkan 10 gram sta
Massa 0.02 gr /
Massa as calculat 0.194 kg /
Vol NaOH 4% 4.85 l =
M Air 4.656 kg

Balance

RDVF
WASHING 1
RDVF 2

DRYER
97.029
99.4
2.371
 C6H8O6 6.28E+02 NaCl 3.50E+02 H2O

0.0022 0.0049 0.0027

0.0022 0.0049 0.0027
0.38 0.29 0.05

OH
untuk menetralkan 10 gram starch
10 gr starch
97.000 kg starch
4.85 kg
 Basis 19053.712 kg Cassava Starch
Starch 0.970 = 18482.101 kg
Amylose 0.170 3141.957 kg amylose
Amylopectin 0.830 15340.144 kg amylopectin
H2O 0.030 = 571.611 kg

Jenis Mixer = Tangki berpengaduk

Fungsi = Untuk mencampurkan starch dengan air (slurry starch)

Setiap 700 gr dibutuhkan distilled water sebanyak 1 liter

Perbandingan Bahan Baku

Starch 0.7 kg
H2O 1 liter

Perbandingan Basis Bahan Baku

Starch 18482.101 kg
H2O 26403.00129348 liter 26403.00129348 kg

Tangki Penyimpanan Distilled

Water
2
1
Tangki Penyimpanan Mixer

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 1 2 3
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 18482.101 18482.101
Air 571.611 26403.0012934751 26974.613
Sub Total 19053.712 26403.0012934751 45456.714
Total 45456.714 45456.714 Balance

Jenis reaktor = CSTR

Fungsi = Tempat terjadinya reaksi oksidasi antara starch dan NaOCl

Kebutuhan Chlorine
Chlorine 10 gr/ 1 kg starch
 184.8210090543 kg/ 18482.101 kg starch
Volume NaOCl 8% 2310.262613179 l
M Larutan NaOCl 8% 2686.835419127 kg
M Air 2502.014410073 kg
Konversi 100.00%

0 76,185.94 C6H10O5 627.77 NaOCl

Awal 113.9871 2.4827
Rx 18482.101 113.9871 69.9201 0.9393
Akh 0.0000 1.5435
Massa 0.00 114.90

NaOCl 8%

4
3
Mixer Reactor

NaOH 4%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 3 4 5 6
kg kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 18482.101 0.000
Air 26974.613 2502.014 887.1408 30373.19
NaOCl 184.821 114.90
Ox Cassava Starch 18397.27
C6H8O5 17.16
C6H8O6 73.28
NaCl 54.89
NaOH 36.9642 36.96
Sub total 45456.714 2686.835 924.105 49067.654
Total 49067.654 49067.654

Jenis reaktor = Rotary Drum Vacum Filter

Fungsi = Memisahkan oxidized starch dan cairannya
 6 8
Reactor RDVF

Cairan yang terkandung di dalam cake 33.00%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 6 7 8
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 30373.193 24272.2515 6100.94
NaOCl 114.901 76.9836 37.92
Ox Cassava Starch 18397.268 18397.27
C6H8O5 17.157 17.16
C6H8O6 73.278 73.28
NaCl 54.893 36.7780 18.11
NaOH 36.964 24.7660 12.20
Sub total 49067.654 24410.779 24656.875
Total 49067.654 49067.654 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Tangki berpengaduk

Fungsi = Untuk menghilangkan impurities dari oxidized starch

Distilled Water Tank

9
8 10
RDVF Washing Tank

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 8 9 10
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 36975.4057 43076.35
NaOCl 37.917 37.92
Ox Cassava Starch 18397.268 18397.27
C6H8O5 17.157 17.16
C6H8O6 73.278 73.28
NaCl 18.115 18.11
NaOH 12.198 12.20
Sub total 24656.875 36975.406 61632.280
Total 61632.280 61632.280 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Rotary Drum Vacum Filter

Fungsi = Memisahkan oxidized starch dan cairannya

10 12
Washing Tank RDVF 2

11

Cairan yang terkandung di dalam cake 33.00%

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 10 11 12
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 43076.348 36975.4057 6100.94
NaOCl 37.917 37.9173 0.00
Ox Cassava Starch 18397.268 18397.27
C6H8O5 17.157 17.16
C6H8O6 73.278 73.28
NaCl 18.115 18.1146 0.00
NaOH 12.198 12.1982 0.00
Sub total 61632.280 37043.636 24588.645
Total 61632.280 61632.280 Balance

Jenis reaktor = Rotary dryer

Fungsi = Mengeringkan oxidized starch cake

12 14
RDVF 2 HEATER
 13

Masuk Keluar
Komponen 12 13 14
kg kg kg
Cassava Starch 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 5649.2548 451.69
NaOCl 0.000 0.00
Ox Cassava Starch 18397.268 18397.27
C6H8O5 17.157 17.16
C6H8O6 73.278 73.28
NaCl 0.000 0.00
NaOH 0.000 0.00
Sub total 24588.645 5649.255 18939.390
Total 24588.645 24588.645 Balance
 100.000 99.400
19053.712 18939.390

Mixer

Reactor
 75,836.25 C6H10O5 71.61 C6H8O5 278.08

113.4639 0.1071
113.4639 0.1071
18397.27 17.16

Kebutuhan NaOH
Di jurnal disebutkan bahwa membutuhkan 0,5 ml NaOH 4% untuk menetralkan 10 gram sta
Massa 0.02 gr /
Massa as calculat 36.96420181087 kg /
Vol NaOH 4% 924.1050452716 l =
M Air 887.1408434608 kg

Balance

RDVF
WASHING 1
 RDVF 2

0.248120300752

DRYER
18487.703
18939.39 0.248120300752 24.81203007519
451.687 0.023849087237 2.384908723747

18939.390
0.994
 C6H8O6 627.77 NaCl 349.69 H2O

0.4161 0.9393 0.5232

0.4161 0.9393 0.5232
73.28 54.89 9.43

OH
untuk menetralkan 10 gram starch
10 gr starch
18482.101 kg starch
924.1050452716 kg
 HEATER-01

Fungsi : memanaskan starch dari suhu ruang (30 oC) ke 35 oC

kondisi operasi :

Tin = 30
Tout = 35
Tref = 25
P = 1

Cp = A + BT + CT^2 + DT^3
konstanta fasa cair

komponen A
Cp Cassava Starch @30 9.46E+02
Cp Cassava Starch @35 1.90E+03
H2O 92.053
Cp H2O @30 3.78E+02
Cp H2O @35 7.54E+02

Entalpi Masuk

Komponen Kg/Jam
Cassava Starch 18,482.101
H2O 26,974.613
Total 238.571

Entalpi Keluar

Komponen Kg/Jam
Cassava Starch 18,482.101
H2O 26,974.613
Total 45,456.714

Menghitung Kebutuhan Media Pemanas (Steam)

ΔH in + Qpemanas = ΔH out
Qpemanas = ΔH out - ΔH in
Q pemanas = 1.01E+07

Media Pemanas
M = Q Pemanas / HVAP
Saturated Steam @6 Bar 157 C
P steam = 6
T steam = 157.18
 Entalpi Penguapan = 2085.077
M Steam = 4,845.46

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
H Bahan Masuk 3.37E+06
H Bahan Keluar 1.35E+07
Q Pemanas 1.01E+07
Total 13,468,574.96 13,468,574.96

CSTR

Fungsi : Tempat terjadinya reaksi oksidasi pati

Data : Tekanan Operasi 1
Suhu 35

Menghitung panas reaski

0 76,185.94 C6H10O5

Menghitung entalpi pada keadaan standar (ΔHR 298 K)

Data masing masing komponen pada keadaan standar ΔHF 298K

Entalpi standar masing-masing

Komponen ΔHF (Kj/kmol) koefisien reaksi

C6H10O5 -8.04E+02 76,185.94
Air -285.82 349.69
NaOCl -3.47E+02 627.77
C6H10O5 -8.04E+02 75,836.25
C6H8O5 -733.59 71.61
C6H8O6 -1023.62 278.08
NaCl -385.92 627.77

Panas Pembentukan starndar masing-masing komponen pada suhu 25 C (298 K)

ΔHr (298K) = ΔHf Produk-ΔHf Reaktan
= -1.81E+05
Karena bernilai negatif maka reaksi bersifat eksoterm
ΔHr (298K) = ΔHf Produk-ΔHf Reaktan
= -7.53E+04
 Suhu Bahan Masuk
T 35 C
Tref 25 C

H Aliran Masuk
Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 18482.101 113.98712798308
NaOCl 184.821 2.48274612433149
Air 30363.768 1685.45272410065
NaOH 36.9642 0.924172740924903
Total 49067.654 1802.84677094899

Suhu Bahan Keluar

T 35 C
Tref 25 C

H Aliran Keluar
Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 30373.193 1685.976
NaOCl 114.901 1.543
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
NaCl 54.893 0.939
NaOH 36.964 0.924
Total 49067.654 1803.370

persamaan neraca energi di reaktor

reaksi eksotermis (membutuhkan pendingin)
energi masuk = energi keluar
H in + ∆Hr 298 = Q pendingin + H out
Q pendingin = Hin + ∆Hr 298 - Hout
Q pendingin = -7.72E+04

menghitung jumlah pendingin yang dibutuhkan

Q = m Cp dT
m = Q / Cp dT
Q = 7.72E+04
Tin 28 C
Tout 38 C
Cp water = 9.069
 m = 850.91

Tabel Neraca Energi Reaktor

Komponen Masuk (kJ/jam) Output (kJ/jam)
Hin 1.49E+06
Hout 1491605.582
Q pendingin -7.53E+04 -7.72E+04
Total 1.41E+06 1414436.53466182

HEATER-02

HEATER
Fungsi : memanaskan starch dari suhu 35 oC ke 40
kondisi operasi :

Tin = 35
Tout = 40
Tref = 25
P = 1

Energi aliran masuk

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 338.655
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
Total 24588.645 452.642

Energi aliran keluar

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 338.655
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
Total 24588.645 452.642

Menghitung Kebutuhan Media Pemanas (Steam)

ΔH in + Qpemanas = ΔH out
Qpemanas = ΔH out - ΔH in
Q pemanas = 6.91E+05
 Media Pemanas
M = Q Pemanas / HVAP
Saturated Steam @6 Bar 157 C
P steam = 6
T steam = 157.18
H steam = 2085.077
maka kebutuhan steam = 331.23

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 4.73E+05
Bahan Keluar 1.16E+06
Bahan Pemanas 6.91E+05
Total 1,163,217.59 1,163,217.59

RDVF

Rotary Dry Vacum Filter

Fungsi : Untuk menurunkan nilai kadar air dari
kondisi operasi :

Tin = 40
T Operation = 100
Tref = 25
P = 1

Menghitung Cp Feed

Komponen Kg/Jam fraksi

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 6100.942 0.24812030075188
C6H10O5 18397.268 0.748201791245073
C6H8O5 17.157 0.00069776867628
C6H8O6 73.278 0.002980139326768
Total 24588.645 1

kandungan air feed

wF 0.24812030075188
 Cp Air, suhu 40 4.181 kJ/kg K

Menghitung Hfeed
Hf 50058.2355191

Menghitung Cp Produk

Komponen Kg/Jam fraksi

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 0.023849087237466
C6H10O5 18397.27 0.971375955734406
C6H8O5 17.16 0.000905899615229
C6H8O6 73.28 0.003869057412899
Total 18939.390 1

Kandungan air yang masih terdapat di dalam produk

wP 0.023849087237466

Menghitung Hproduk
Hp 276000.172508948

menghitung humidity ratio

suhu udara rata-rata bandar lampung 30

tekanan = 1
Tin = 100
= 373
Tout = 100
= 373
Cp udara = 1.006
Cp uap air = 1.84
Pa = 2.97
Pas = 4.246
Hr = 69.9481865284974
Win = 19
= 0.019
mwremoved = 5649.25477143527
Ain = 1605571.160
Aout = 1611220.414
Wout = 0.022439578397521
Hwe = 2547.2
 Menghitung Hin
Hin = 2625.272

menghitung Hout
Hout = 135.704755913024

entalpi in = 5445925180.26311
entalpi out = 5445925180.26311
Diff = 0.000

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 1.23.E+09
Bahan Keluar 5.23.E+09
Udara 4.22.E+09 2.19.E+08
Total 5.45.E+09 5.45.E+09

Air Cooler

Fungsi Untuk mendinginkan pati teroksidasi dari 40 ke 30

Kondisi operasi

Tin = 40
Tout = 30
Tref = 25
P = 1

Energi Masuk

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 25.0725589687812
C6H10O5 18397.27 113.463927065638
C6H8O5 17.16 0.107147900304095
C6H8O6 73.28 0.416053017138243
Total 18939.390 139.059686951861

Energi Keluar

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)

 C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 25.0725589687812
C6H10O5 18397.27 113.463927065638
C6H8O5 17.16 0.107147900304095
C6H8O6 73.28 0.416053017138243
Total 18939.390 139.059686951861

Menghitung Q pendingin
Hin = Hout + Q Pendingin
Q pendingin = Hin - Hout
Q pendingin = 478,116.07

menghitung kebutuhan udara pendingin

T udara masuk 27 C
T udara keluar 50 C
Cp udara pada suhu 27 1.005
Qc
Kebutuhan udara pendingin (m) =
Cp ΔT
= 20684.2341575521

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 4.78E+05
Bahan Keluar 2.91E+02
Udara 478,116.07
Total 478,407.368 478,407.368
 HEATER-01

C = 303 K
C = 308 K
C = 298 K
atm

Cp = A + BT + CT^2 + DT^3 Joule/mol K

T in Kelvin
B C D
9.46E+02
1.90E+03
-4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
3.78E+02
7.54E+02

Entalpi Masuk

Kmol ʃCp dT H (KJ/jam)

1.14E+02 4.73E+03 5.39E+05
1497.32518438232 1.89E+03 2.83E+06
1.61E+03 3.37E+06

Entalpi Keluar

Kmol ʃCp dT H (KJ/jam)

1.14E+02 1.90E+04 2.17E+06
1497.32518438232 7.54E+03 1.13E+07
1.61E+03 1.35E+07

nas (Steam)
t

kJ/jam

dia Pemanas
Pemanas / HVAP
team @6 Bar 157 C
bar 600 kPa
C
 kJ/kg
kg Q/H

Balance

CSTR

atm
C

627.77 NaOCl 75,836.25 C6H10O5

Heat Capacity
Komponen
ΔHF (Kj/kmol) * Coef ΔHF (Kj) C6H10O5
-6.12E+07 -9.16E+04 C6H8O5
-99949.3900408428 -5.23E+04 C6H8O6
-2.18E+05 -2.05E+05 NaCl
-6.09E+07 -9.12E+04 NaOH
-52535.8911977664 -7.15E+01 H2O
-284646.910805126 -4.26E+02 NaOCl
-242269.836098669 -2.28E+05

kJ/kmol.jam
sifat eksoterm

kJ/jam
Masuk
308 K
298 K

suk
ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) H in (KJ/jam)
1.90E+03 2.17E+05
3.80E+01 9.44E+01
7.54E+02 1.27E+06
8.71E+02 8.05E+02
3.57E+03 1.49E+06

Keluar
308 K
298 K

uar
ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) H out (KJ/jam)
1904.988 0.000
754.488 1272048.056
38.016 58.677
1904.988 216147.407
1650.729 176.872
1793.146 746.044
1297.759 1218.925
1308.846 1209.600
10652.959 1491605.582

aktor
endingin)

H out
Hout
kJ/jam

n yang dibutuhkan
dT
dT
kJ/jam
301 K
311 K
 kg/jam

Balance

HEATER-02

C = 308 K
C = 313 K
C = 298 K
atm

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

1904.988 0.000
754.488 255511.207
1904.988 216147.407
1650.729 176.872
1793.146 746.044
8008.338 472581.530

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

3720.549 0.000
2183.827 739564.344
3720.549 422148.062
2525.055 270.554
2967.481 1234.629
15117.459 1163217.590

nas (Steam)
t

kJ/jam
dia Pemanas
Pemanas / HVAP
team @6 Bar 157 C
bar 600 kPa
C
kJ/kg
kg Q/H

Balance

RDVF

C = 313 K
C = 373 K
C = 298 K
atm

Feed

ʃCp dT cp.fraksi
3,720.55 0.00
2,183.83 541.85
3,720.55 2,783.72
2,525.05 1.76
2,967.48 8.84
Cp feed = 3,336.18
 geankoplis app A.2-5

Produk

ʃCp dT Cp.fraksi
3,720.55 0.00
2,183.83 52.08
3,720.55 3,614.05
2,525.05 2.29
2,967.48 11.48
Cp Produk = 3,679.90

C
atm
C
K
C
K
kJ/kg.C https://www.ohio.edu/mechanical/thermo/property_tables/air/air_Cp_Cv.html
kJ/kgC diktat dryer
kPa
kPa (geankoplis, appendix A.2)
% Perrys 7th, gambar 12-3
gr uap air/kg udara kering psychrometric chart
kg uap air/kg udara kering
kg/hr
kg/hr ini yang dicari
kg/hr
kg/hr
kJ/kg suhu 25, geankoplis
 kJ/kg

kJ/kg

Balance

Air Cooler

C = 313 K
C = 303 K
C = 298 K
atm

uk

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

3,720.55 0.00
2,183.83 54,754.12
3,720.55 422,148.06
2,525.05 270.55
2,967.48 1,234.63
15,117.46 478,407.37

ar

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

 2.58 0.00
-0.11 -2.76
2.58 292.71
2.44 0.26
2.62 1.09
10.11 291.30

kJ/jam

dara pendingin
300 K
323 K
kJ/Kg K https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/air-specific-heat-capacity-d_705.html

kg/jam

Balance
 71.61 C6H8O5 278.08 C6H8O6 627.77 NaCl

Capacity
Fase A B C D
Liq -3.90E+01 1.04E+00 -1.07E-03 4.28E-07
Liq -6.46E+00 6.47E-01 -2.70E-04 1.56E-08
Liq -1.98E+01 8.04E-01 -5.24E-04 1.31E-07
Liq 9.50E+01 -3.10E-02 9.68E-07 5.51E-09
Liq 8.76E+01 -4.83E-04 -4.54E-06 1.18E-09
Liq 9.21E+01 -3.99E-02 -2.11E-04 5.34E-07
Liq 3.80E+00
/air_Cp_Cv.html
ecific-heat-capacity-d_705.html
349.69 H2O
 HEATER-01

Fungsi : memanaskan starch dari suhu ruang (30 oC) ke 35 oC

kondisi operasi :

Tin = 30
Tout = 35
Tref = 25
P = 1

Cp = A + BT + CT^2 + DT^3
konstanta fasa cair

komponen A
Cp Cassava Starch @30 1.91E+02
Cp Cassava Starch @35 1.93E+02
H2O 92.053
Cp H2O @30 7.54E+01
Cp H2O @35 7.53E+01

Entalpi Masuk

Komponen Kg/Jam
Cassava Starch 18,482.101
H2O 26,974.613
Total 238.571

Entalpi Keluar

Komponen Kg/Jam
Cassava Starch 18,482.101
H2O 26,974.613
Total 45,456.714

Menghitung Kebutuhan Media Pemanas (Steam)

ΔH in + Qpemanas = ΔH out
Qpemanas = ΔH out - ΔH in
Q pemanas = 6.74E+05

Media Pemanas
M = Q Pemanas / HVAP
Saturated Steam @6 Bar 157 C
P steam = 6
T steam = 157.18
 Entalpi Penguapan = 2085.077
M Steam = 323.45

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
H Bahan Masuk 2.69E+05
H Bahan Keluar 9.44E+05
Q Pemanas 6.74E+05
Total 943,783.94 943,783.94

CSTR

Fungsi : Tempat terjadinya reaksi oksidasi pati

Data : Tekanan Operasi 1
Suhu 35

Menghitung panas reaski

0 76,185.94 C6H10O5

Menghitung entalpi pada keadaan standar (ΔHR 298 K)

Data masing masing komponen pada keadaan standar ΔHF 298K

Entalpi standar masing-masing

Komponen ΔHF (Kj/kmol) koefisien reaksi

C6H10O5 -8.04E+02 76,185.94
Air -285.82 349.69
NaOCl -3.47E+02 627.77
C6H10O5 -8.04E+02 75,836.25
C6H8O5 -733.59 71.61
C6H8O6 -1023.62 278.08
NaCl -385.92 627.77

Panas Pembentukan starndar masing-masing komponen pada suhu 25 C (298 K)

ΔHr (298K) = ΔHf Produk-ΔHf Reaktan
= -1.81E+05
Karena bernilai negatif maka reaksi bersifat eksoterm
ΔHr (298K) = ΔHf Produk-ΔHf Reaktan
= -7.53E+04
 Suhu Bahan Masuk
T 35 C
Tref 25 C

H Aliran Masuk
Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 18482.101 113.98712798308
NaOCl 184.821 2.48274612433149
Air 30363.768 1685.45272410065
NaOH 36.9642 0.924172740924903
Total 49067.654 1802.84677094899

Suhu Bahan Keluar

T 35 C
Tref 25 C

H Aliran Keluar
Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 30373.193 1685.976
NaOCl 114.901 1.543
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
NaCl 54.893 0.939
NaOH 36.964 0.924
Total 49067.654 1803.370

persamaan neraca energi di reaktor

reaksi eksotermis (membutuhkan pendingin)
energi masuk = energi keluar
H in + ∆Hr 298 = Q pendingin + H out
Q pendingin = Hin + ∆Hr 298 - Hout
Q pendingin = -7.64E+04

menghitung jumlah pendingin yang dibutuhkan

Q = m Cp dT
m = Q / Cp dT
Q = 7.64E+04
Tin 28 C
Tout 38 C
Cp water = 9.069
 m = 842.02

Tabel Neraca Energi Reaktor

Komponen Masuk (kJ/jam) Output (kJ/jam)
Hin 1489668.50958084
Hout 1490770.980
Q pendingin -7.53E+04 -7.64E+04
Total 1414408.21943882 1414408.21943882

HEATER-02

HEATER
Fungsi : memanaskan starch dari suhu 35 oC ke 40
kondisi operasi :

Tin = 35
Tout = 40
Tref = 25
P = 1

Energi aliran masuk

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 338.655
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
Total 24588.645 452.642

Energi aliran keluar

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)
C6H10O5 0.000 0.000
Air 6100.942 338.655
C6H10O5 18397.268 113.464
C6H8O5 17.157 0.107
C6H8O6 73.278 0.416
Total 24588.645 452.642

Menghitung Kebutuhan Media Pemanas (Steam)

ΔH in + Qpemanas = ΔH out
Qpemanas = ΔH out - ΔH in
Q pemanas = 2.58E+02
 Media Pemanas
M = Q Pemanas / HVAP
Saturated Steam @6 Bar 157 C
P steam = 6
T steam = 157.18
H steam = 2085.077
maka kebutuhan steam = 0.12

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 3.60E+02
Bahan Keluar 6.19E+02
Bahan Pemanas 2.58E+02
Total 618.76 618.76

RDVF

Rotary Dry Vacum Filter

Fungsi : Untuk menurunkan nilai kadar air dari
kondisi operasi :

Tin = 40
Tout = 40
Tref = 25
P = 1

Menghitung Cp Feed

Komponen Kg/Jam fraksi

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 6100.942 0.24812030075188
C6H10O5 18397.268 0.748201791245073
C6H8O5 17.157 0.00069776867628
C6H8O6 73.278 0.002980139326768
Total 24588.645 1

kandungan air feed

wF 0.24812030075188
 Cp Air, suhu 40 4.181 kJ/kg K

Menghitung Hfeed
Hf 66.7015669178881

Menghitung Cp Produk

Komponen Kg/Jam fraksi

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 0.023849087237466
C6H10O5 18397.27 0.971375955734406
C6H8O5 17.16 0.000905899615229
C6H8O6 73.28 0.003869057412899
Total 18939.390 1

Kandungan air yang masih terdapat di dalam produk

wP 0.023849087237466

Menghitung Hproduk
Hp 72.4243989956849

menghitung humidity ratio

suhu udara rata-rata bandar lampung 30

tekanan = 1
Tin = 100
= 373
Tout = 40
= 313
Cp udara = 1.006
Cp uap air = 1.84
Pa = 2.97
Pas = 4.246
Hr = 69.9481865284974
Win = 19
= 0.019
mwremoved = 5649.25477143527
Ain = 5583.455
Aout = 11232.710
Wout = 0.512373273406076
Hwe = 2547.2
 Menghitung Hin
Hin = 2622.14912

menghitung Hout
Hout = 1328.50240389676

entalpi in = 16280753.5021489
entalpi out = 16294356.2530727
Diff = -13602.751

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 1.64E+06
Bahan Keluar 1.37E+06
Udara 14,640,652.37 14922682.3149778
Total 16,280,753.502 16,294,356.253

Air Cooler

Fungsi Untuk mendinginkan pati teroksidasi dari 40 ke 30

Kondisi operasi

Tin = 40
Tout = 30
Tref = 25
P = 1

Energi Masuk

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)

C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 25.0725589687812
C6H10O5 18397.27 113.463927065638
C6H8O5 17.16 0.107147900304095
C6H8O6 73.28 0.416053017138243
Total 18939.390 139.059686951861

Energi Keluar

Komponen m (Kg/Jam) n (kmol)

 C6H10O5 0.000 0
Air 451.69 25.0725589687812
C6H10O5 18397.27 113.463927065638
C6H8O5 17.16 0.107147900304095
C6H8O6 73.28 0.416053017138243
Total 18939.390 139.059686951861

Menghitung Q pendingin
Hin = Hout + Q Pendingin
Q pendingin = Hin - Hout
Q pendingin = 572.09

menghitung kebutuhan udara pendingin

T udara masuk 27 C
T udara keluar 50 C
Cp udara pada suhu 27 1.005
Qc
Kebutuhan udara pendingin (m) =
Cp ΔT
= 24.7495249837079

Tabel Neraca Energi Heater 1

Komponen Input (kJ) Aliran x Output (kJ) aliran y
Bahan Masuk 6.88E+02
Bahan Keluar 1.16E+02
Udara 572.09
Total 688.179 688.179
 HEATER-01

C = 303 K
C = 308 K
C = 301 K
atm

Cp = A + BT + CT^2 + DT^3 Joule/mol K

T in Kelvin
B C D
1.91E+02
1.93E+02
-4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
7.54E+01
7.53E+01

Entalpi Masuk

Kmol ʃCp dT H (KJ/jam)

1.14E+02 3.81E+02 4.34E+04
1497.32518438232 1.51E+02 2.26E+05
1.61E+03 2.69E+05

Entalpi Keluar

Kmol ʃCp dT H (KJ/jam)

1.14E+02 1.35E+03 1.54E+05
1497.32518438232 5.27E+02 7.90E+05
1.61E+03 9.44E+05

nas (Steam)
t

kJ/jam

dia Pemanas
Pemanas / HVAP
team @6 Bar 157 C
bar 600 kPa
C
 kJ/kg
kg Q/H

Balance

CSTR

atm
C

627.77 NaOCl 75,836.25 C6H10O5

Heat Capacity
Komponen
ΔHF (Kj/kmol) * Coef ΔHF (Kj) C6H10O5
-6.12E+07 -9.16E+04 C6H8O5
-99949.3900408428 -5.23E+04 C6H8O6
-2.18E+05 -2.05E+05 NaCl
-6.09E+07 -9.12E+04 NaOH
-52535.8911977664 -7.15E+01 H2O
-284646.910805126 -4.26E+02 NaOCl
-242269.836098669 -2.28E+05

kJ/kmol.jam
sifat eksoterm

kJ/jam
Masuk
308 K
301 K

suk
ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) H in (KJ/jam)
1,904.99 217144.0987575
2.66E+01 6.61E+01
754.49 1271653.307713
871.09 805.0342562888
3,557.17 1489668.509581

Keluar
308 K
301 K

uar
ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) H out (KJ/jam)
1904.988 0.000
754.488 1272048.056
26.611 41.074
1904.988 216147.407
1650.729 176.872
1793.146 746.044
858.652 806.492
871.086 805.034
9764.688 1490770.980

aktor
endingin)

H out
Hout
kJ/jam

n yang dibutuhkan
dT
dT
kJ/jam
301 K
311 K
 kg/jam

Balance

HEATER-02

C = 308 K
C = 313 K
C = 301 K
atm

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

3.574 0.000
-0.139 -47.067
3.574 405.474
3.405 0.365
3.649 1.518
14.062 360.289

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

6.086 0.000
-0.221 -74.970
6.086 690.513
5.822 0.624
6.231 2.592
24.002 618.760

nas (Steam)
t

kJ/jam
dia Pemanas
Pemanas / HVAP
team @6 Bar 157 C
bar 600 kPa
C
kJ/kg
kg Q/H

Balance

RDVF

C = 313 K
C = 313 K
C = 301 K
atm

Feed

ʃCp dT cp.fraksi
6.09 0.00
-0.22 -0.05
6.09 4.55
5.82 0.00
6.23 0.02
Cp feed = 4.52
 geankoplis app A.2-5

Produk

ʃCp dT Cp.fraksi
6.09 0.00
-0.22 -0.01
6.09 5.91
5.82 0.01
6.23 0.02
Cp Produk = 5.94

C
atm
C
K
C
K
kJ/kg.C https://www.ohio.edu/mechanical/thermo/property_tables/air/air_Cp_Cv.html
kJ/kgC diktat dryer
kPa
kPa (geankoplis, appendix A.2)
% Perrys 7th, gambar 12-3
gr uap air/kg udara kering psychrometric chart
kg uap air/kg udara kering
kg/hr
kg/hr ini yang dicari
kg/hr
kg/hr
kJ/kg suhu 25, geankoplis
 kJ/kg

kJ/kg

#Balance

Air Cooler

C = 313 K
C = 303 K
C = 301 K
atm

uk

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

6.09 0.00
-0.22 -5.55
6.09 690.51
5.82 0.62
6.23 2.59
24.00 688.18

ar

ʃCp dT (KJ/Kmol) ΔHout (KJ/jam)

 1.03 0.00
-0.04 -1.06
1.03 116.62
0.98 0.10
1.05 0.44
4.04 116.09

kJ/jam

dara pendingin
300 K
323 K
kJ/Kg K https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/air-specific-heat-capacity-d_705.html

kg/jam

Balance
 71.61 C6H8O5 278.08 C6H8O6 627.77 NaCl

Capacity
Fase A B C D
Liq -3.90E+01 1.04E+00 -1.07E-03 4.28E-07
Liq -6.46E+00 6.47E-01 -2.70E-04 1.56E-08
Liq -1.98E+01 8.04E-01 -5.24E-04 1.31E-07
Liq 9.50E+01 -3.10E-02 9.68E-07 5.51E-09
Liq 8.76E+01 -4.83E-04 -4.54E-06 1.18E-09
Liq 9.21E+01 -3.99E-02 -2.11E-04 5.34E-07
Liq 3.80E+00
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