UNIT 10

Science & progress

SPEAKING  Comparing past and 10

present    page 98  ANSWERS

1 No, the /d/ sound becomes silent.
Topic focus 2 No, the /uː/ sound becomes a schwa /ə/.
1 3 The s in the first use is an /s/ sound, but the s in the second
use is a /z/ sound.
ANSWERS
A  income  B  education  C  health Exam skills
12
Vocabulary
ANSWERS
3
1  b  2  a  3  c
ANSWERS
1  c  2  e  3  k  4  h  5  a  6  i   EXAM TIP  
7  b  8  g  9  f  10  d  11  j ANSWER
Begin your question with Sorry or Sorry, but to sound more
4
natural.
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
a qualifications, studying, skills 13
b issues, public concern ANSWERS
c rooms per person, basic facilities 1  mean  2  rephrase  3  what
d crimes
e wealth, money, paying taxes
f feeling good, life LISTENING  Following exam
g
h
life expectancy, feeling fit
social support network
instructions    page 100 
i air pollution, water purity Topic focus
j working less, more leisure time
k unemployment, salary, job security 2
ANSWER
5
None of them is true. Accept students’ ideas about which
ANSWERS might be true.
Sweden environment
Iceland community Key phrases
USA housing, income 3
Denmark life satisfaction, work-life balance
ANSWERS
Finland education
1  d  2  a  3  b  4  e  5  c
Japan safety
Switzerland jobs, health Grammar
Australia civic engagement 5
6 ANSWERS
ANSWERS can means possible now / generally possible
A  Ireland  B  Russia  C  South Korea   D  Mexico may means possible in the future

Grammar 6
8 ANSWERS
1  can  2  may  3  may  4  can
ANSWERS
1 used to 3 didn’t use to Exam skills
2 didn’t use to 4 used to 8
9 ANSWER
ANSWERS Common errors students might make include writing more
a  4  b  3  c  1  d  2 than the instructed number of words, not using the correct
code (e.g. questions 37–40), incorrect spelling, choosing
the wrong number of options, transferring answers into the
wrong spaces, using words instead of a code.

Foundation IELTS Masterclass: Student’s Book Unit 10 Answer Key Photocopiable  © Oxford University Press 1
9 firstly introduces the first stage of the process
ANSWERS
31 the words do not fit the gap
32 wrong verb form
33 incorrect spelling
34 too many words are used
35 not enough options have been chosen
36 the answer is written in the wrong space
37 two answers have been chosen (rather than one)
38 no answer has been attempted
39 the wrong letter / code is written
40 words are written instead of a letter / code
then is not usually used before a comma
lastly introduces the last step in this particular process
7
ANSWERS
1 Firstly 4 After that
2 and 5 where
3 Then 6 Lastly
Exam skills
EXAM TIP  

EXAM TIP   ANSWER

It requires a different approach to how you write an
ANSWERS
overview statement for describing data. Try to comment on
Make sure that your answers fit the gaps grammatically /
a feature of the process as a whole that makes it interesting.
check that they are spelt correctly / guess any answers you
weren’t sure about. 8
Exam practice ANSWERS
1 diagram 4 suggests
11 2 general 5 achieve
ANSWERS 3 complex
31 health studies 36 A
9
32 make sense 37 N
33 breakfast 38 D POSSIBLE ANSWER
34 miss classes 39 I The diagram shows how a robotic vacuum cleaner
35 C & E 40 N functions. We can see two parallel processes, one of
navigation and the other of cleaning. In general, the chart
reveals how the machine manages to perform a range of
WRITING  Describing processes    page 102  tasks normally done by humans.
Grammar 10
2 ANSWERS
ANSWERS 1  P  2  P  3  G  4  G  5  G  6  G  7  V  8  V  9  V  10  G
b is processed e is projected
c is seen f is recorded 11
d is sent ANSWERS
First1 the room size and the time needed to clean are
3 calculated. Next, the machine moves to 10middle of the
ANSWERS room and begins moving around in a spiral pattern until
2  b  3  d  4  e  5  a  6  c it hits something 2when this happens, it reverses, rotates,
and moves forward until 6finds a clear path. It avoids steps
4 using four sensors on the bottom of the unit and if the
ANSWER battery power get5 low, the vacuum finds the charger and
b connects itself. Meanwhile, dirt 3removed from the floor
by two spinning brush4. At the same time, two dirt sensors
Key phrases check how much dirt is being kicked up and tell the cleaner
5 to go back over 7durty areas again. 9At last, the dirt bin is
8
automatic emptied into a large container.
ANSWERS
next
now
after that
subsequently
secondly

6
ANSWERS
meanwhile can only be used to describe parts of a process
that happen at the same time, not in sequence
and is a coordinating conjunction and so should have no
punctuation before or after it

Foundation IELTS Masterclass: Student’s Book Unit 10 Answer Key Photocopiable  © Oxford University Press 2
READING Labelling    page 104 
Topic focus
1
ANSWERS
1  c  2  a  3  b

Vocabulary
3
ANSWERS
Verb Noun
design design
discover discovery
experiment experiment
invent invention
predict prediction
prove proof
research research
test test

4
ANSWERS
1 prove 5 research
2 predict 6 experiment
3 design 7 invent
4 test 8 discovery

Exam skills
6
ANSWER
fewer

7
ANSWERS
1 Conservative Americans 3 78%
2 35% 4 Europeans
EXAM TIP  

ANSWER
scanning

Exam practice
8
ANSWERS
A scientific knowledge (line 34)
B freedom (line 42)
C communities (line 43)

9
ANSWERS
1 No 4 Yes
2 Not Given 5 Not Given
3 Not Given 6 Yes

10
ANSWER
C

Foundation IELTS Masterclass: Student’s Book Unit 10 Answer Key Photocopiable  © Oxford University Press 3