International Conference on Advances in Industrial Engineering Applications, ICAIEA2018

January 3-5,2018,Anna University,Chennai,India

Design and Fabrication of Automatic Sand Sieving Machine (ICAIEA 2018)

M.MUTHUKANNANa*,G.BALAMURUGANb,S.SARAVANAKUMARC,ANANTHAKRISHNANd,V.GANESHMOORTHYe
a,c,d,e
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University,
Srivilliputhur-626126, India
b
Department of Automobile Engineering, Kalasalingam University,
Srivilliputhur-626126, India
*
Corresponding Author’s E-mail: mmk.mech59@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

In the present study the design and fabrication of automatic sand sieving machine is done to
sieve the different types of sand using fully automated system. The numerical analysis is also done for
deformation and stress analysis for different parts like main frame bucket and feeder frame order to
find the safety aspects. The cost of the machine is around `42,000 and the payback period is around
one year. By introducing the machine process time is reduced to 1/16 times of conventional process and
it will reduce two labour works.

I.INTRODUCTION

Now a day’s all industries are interested to convert their conventional machine to fully automatic
machine, to make their industries fully automatic control. Fully automatic control System helps to
overcome the labor shortage and minimize the time of production their by decrease the cost of production.
Then people always prefer the most suitable way to cut their cost and time. Sand or any mixture sub stand
usually comes in different size and grid since some product required different size of sand or mixture that
why this machine been design to sieve the sand or sub stand into different size depend on requirement
needed.Sand or any mixture sub stand usually comes in different size and grid since some product
required different size of sand or mixture that, this machine has been designed to sieve the sand or
sub stand into different size depend on requirement needed.
 Figure 1. Traditional Way to Abstract the Sand

II.METHODOLOGY

The present paper comprises experimental investigation and also numerical investigation. In
experimental investigation the paper deals with the design, analysis and fabrication process of modern
sand sieving machine In numerical investigation the paper delivers the modeling of modern sand sieving
machine using Pro-E software and the deformation analysis is done using Ansys software. Trommel and
the weight of motor are mainly considered for the analysis on the main frame in order to find out the
maximum load bearing capacity.

III. LITERATURE SURVEY

The size of the mesh is a important factor in sand sieving in which the sand is sieved according to
its grain size[1]. Size Reduction explains about procedure of calculating the mesh size. In which mesh
size is one of the primary factor. Power consumption is depends on the size of the mesh. Smaller the mesh
size greater the power consumption. The literature [2] explains a quick and easy formula for mesh-micron
particle size conversions also explains how you can use a simple formula to convert particle size from
units of mesh to microns or vice versa without a conversion table. The formula provides very reasonable
conversion accuracy for sizes from 45 to 400 mesh. Trommel design is a major factor to be considered
and [3] The Design and use of trommel screens for processing municipal solid waste explains theoretical
and practical considerations influencing the design and use of trommel screens as devices for segregating
various components. Reported are design considerations derived from the results of a comprehensive
analytical modeling effort of the dynamics and screening phenomena occurring during trommel screening
and from the results of experiments carried out on unprocessed and processed municipal solid waste under
various operating conditions and using various screen configurations.
Vibrating screens, terms and definitions [4] explains A mechanical vibratory screen properly
installed, operated and maintained will normally provide relatively long life and safe trouble free
operation. Like any heavy power driven machine, the vibratory machine must be properly operated to
insure safety to personnel. Design Data book [5] design calculations can be done using the datas provided
in the book.

IV. COMPONENTS OF AUTOMATIC SAND SEIVING MACHINE

The whole setup can be moved from one place to another place by the man and placing near the
large amount of sand which is to be sieved. Using the feed mechanism, operated by the motor and pulley
(1:10), the sands are dumped into the trommel screen by ten number of buckets connected to the chain.
The chains are revolved around the two sprockets at a distance of 1550 mm.
The sands collected in the bucket are thoroughly dumped into the screen by guiding of the sheet
metal. Then rotate the trommel screen by using the A.C motor (1440rpm) and pulley which is used to
reduce the speed up to 144 rpm. The trommel screen are rotated which is mounted on the main frame by
self aligning bearing.
Then fine sands are collected in the trolley. Then this type of sand is used for concrete mixing. The
high porous sands are leaving out of the trommel screen which is inclined at an angle of 15°.
It mainly consists of two parts sieving mechanism and feeder mechanism. Sieving mechanism consists of
trommel screen, main frame, trolley, pulley, ac motor (1/4 H.P, 1440 RPM), sheet metal. Trommel screen
of mesh length 950mm, mesh diameter 400mm, medium size hole (0.2mm) is attached to main frame.
One end of trommel screen is attached mount bearing (self aligning bearing) and the other end has a gear
reducer (1:30 ratio). Trommel screen in inclined at angle of 15° for collecting the fine sand and
decollecting the high narrow sand. Pulley is connected to the A.C motor (1440 rpm) with the help of belt.
After sieving the sand the fine sand are collected in the trolley with the guidance of sheet metal. A trolley
rest on the main frame. With the help of the manpower, after collecting the sand the trolley is moved to
the concrete mixer machine. For this purpose, we can use the two wheel trolley of capacity 0.08m3. In the
bottom of the main frame wheels are attached for moving purpose.

The table 1 explains the components of the automatic sand sieving machine and their description
Table 1.Components of Automatic Sand Sieving Machine and their Description

PART NO NAME OF PART DESCRIPTION

1 Main Frame It holds the entire system and acts as

2 Feeder Frame
3 Trommel
4 Feeding Mechanism
5 Belt and Roller
6 Bucket
7 Motor (1/4 HP)
8 Motor (1/2 HP)
9 Trolley
10 Wheels
V. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS TO ESTIMATE DEFORMATION AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF
AUTOMATIC SAND SEIVING MACHINE
the support.
It holds the feeding mechanism.
It sieves the sand and supported on
the main frame with mounting.
It feeds the sand in to the trommel.
It acts as the guide for the feeding
mechanism and guides over roller.
These buckets are used for carrying
the sand to the trommel screen
through feeding mechanism.
This motor is used for run the
trommel which uses pulley for the
speed reduction.
This motor is used for the purpose of
feeding mechanism and here also
pulley used as speed reducer.
Trolley is used as material handling
system. It collects the sieved sand
These wheels are provided as the
additional support for the main frame
and also used for motion.

A.Analysis on main frame:

Trommel and the weight of motor can be taken in account for the analysis on the main frame in order to
find out the maximum load bearing capacity.
Figure 2. Deformation Analysis on Main Frame

Figure 3. Stress Analysis on Main Frame

B.Analysis on feeder frame:

This feeder frame is additional support given with main frame to hold the motor and the conveyor system.

Figure 4.Deformation Analysis on Feeder Frame

Figure 5.Stress Analysis on Main Frame

C.Analysis on bucket:
Buckets are used to carry the sand and dump in the trommel to sieve. Each buckets it holds around 4 KG
of sand and so there will be some deformation in the bucket due to this weight of sand.
 Figure 6.Deformation Analysis on Bucket

VI.DESIGN PARAMETER ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC SAND SEIVING MACHINE

A. Design calculation of shaft:
Power=0.5hp=0.3729*103watt
Speed of shaft=90rpm
Max shear stress, Ss=45N/mm2
Max bending stress, Sb=75N/mm2
P=2*3.14*N*T/60
T=47.479*103 N-mm
B.Diameter required for shear stress:
D= [16*T/ (3.14*Ss)] 1/3
D=22mm
C.Diameter required for bending stress:
Moment, M=volume *density*length*10/4=25.44*103 N-mm
Volume of sand=4.8006*10-4*3
Length of shaft=588mm
Density of sand=1602kg/m3
D= [32*M/(3.14*Sb)]1/3
D=18mm
From the above calculation maximum diameter of the shaft is 22 mm, but we are taking the diameter as
30 mm. Hence the design is safe
D. Load Calculation:
Motor speed=1440 rpm
Gear ratio =1:16
Roller speed =90rpm
Roller circumference =17inches
Belt circumference =101inches
Circumference ratio =5.7
Revolution of belt per minute =90/16=16
No of buckets in belt =6
Volume of sand sieved per minute=7*3*9=189inch3
=4.8006*10-4*6*16=0.04609m3
Volume of sand sieved per hour =2.7651m3
E.Comparison with traditional machine:
Hand sieve machine:
Time taken for sieving 1tonne sand =8hours
Labor charge =Rs1000 (for 2worker)
Automatic sand sieve machine:
Time taken for sieving 1 tone sand=1hour 8minutes
1 unit = 1000 watt hour
1 HP motor consumes 746 watt hour in 1hour
Therefore units consumed in 1hour = 746/1000
= 0.746 units
The motor working time is 6 hours
Hence power consumption of the motor= 6*0.746
= 4.476 units
Cost of the 1 unit in industrial area = Rs6 / unit
Cost of the 4.476 units = Rs27
 Figure 7.Fabrication of Sand Sieving Machine
VII.COST ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC SAND SEIVING MACHINE
Sl.No PARTICULARS QUANTITY COST(`)
1 ½ HP Motor 1 4000
2 ¼ HP Motor 1 2500
3 Pulley 2 2500
4 Wheel 4 500
5 Steel rod 3 2500
6 MS Angle 3 8000
7 MS Flat 2 4000
8 Bolt and Nut - 1000
9 Wire Mesh 1 1000
10 G.I Pipe 1 2000
11 Bucket 4 4000
12 Belt 3 2000
13 Mounting 8 4000
14 Welding work - 4000
Total 42,000
 VIII.CONCLUSION
In existing sand sieving machine two or more workmen are required for the sieving process. It takes more
time and the cost for the process is high. The important factor is the time taken for the process. In
traditional sieving system, the process takes more time because of feeding the sand and the sieving is done
manually. Our design concentrated on controlling the time and the process is made as Semi-Automated.
In our machine, Main frame which holds the Trommel and the feeding mechanism. In feeding mechanism
belt conveyor mechanism is used and the buckets are attached to the belt using bolt and nut. There are
separate motors be installed for feeding mechanism and the function for the trommel. The buckets fetch
the sand from the ground. There are totally 6 buckets are used in the feeding mechanism, three buckets
can draw the sand and the other three buckets are in a queue. These buckets are guided along the roller
mechanism which is mounted using mounting.
Sand fall from the bucket in to the trommel. The sand can be sieved inside the trommel and the fine
coarse sand is collected at the trolley kept below the trommel. The unsieved coarse materials falls at the
open end due to inclination.
In this paper a sand sieving machine was modeled by using Pro-E Software. Modeled sand sieving have a
capacity to sieve 2.76m3 sand in an hour. Therefore time for loading and sieving was reduced.
Total time period for sieving process is calculated and comparative study with conventional process was
carried out. From the comparative study it was concluded that by using semi automatic sieving machine,
process time is reduced to 1/16 times of conventional process.