THE USE OF DROSOPHILA AS GENETIC MATERIAL EXPERIMENT

Arranged by:
Tina Amellia (B1B019044)
Kelas D
II/5
Asisten: Kezia Athalla Viratri Ramadhanti

PRACTICAL REPORT OF GENETICS

MINISTERY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE

JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF BIOLOGI
PURWOKERTO
2020
 I. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Result

Figure 1.1 Wild Type Drosophila

Notes: (a) Male wild type Drosophila
(b) Female wild type Drosophila

Figure 1.2 Mutan Type Drosophila

Notes : (a) Vestigial Mutan type Drosophila
(b) Ebony Mutan type Drosophila
(c) Miniature wings Mutan type Drosophila

ISOLATION OF VIRGIN FEMALES

Day- Development

Day-1

1
 Picture 1.3.1 Wild Type Drosophila Pupa
Notes : (1) on the first day subculture, no changes
have seen

Picture 1.3.2 Wild Type Drosophila Pupa

Notes : (2) on the day 2 Pupa Drosophila flies have
not changed, still in the form of pupae

Picture 1.3.3 Wild Type Drosophila Pupa

Notes : (3) on the third day, there haven’t significant
changes and still in the form of pupae

Picture 1.3.3 Wild Type Drosophila Pupa

Notes : (4) on the fourth day, the pupa had turned
into a young fly with a characteristic black abdomen
which is the fly is male.
B. Discussion

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster or the wild type Drophila has been
extensively studied for over a century as a model organism for genetic
investigations. It also has many characteristics which make it an ideal organism for
the study of animal development and behavior. Why ? The wild type is easy to
obtain using a trap in which a piece of fruit is put into a bottle. Having only four
pairs of chromosomes with relatively large sizes makes the flies suitable as a model
organism in genetic studies involving observation of chromosomes.
Wild drosophila have a red eyes. Female wild drosophila have a bigger body
than male wild drosophila. End of the abdomen in female drosophila is taper and in
male wild drosophila is dull. The abdomen color of female drosophila is bright and
the male wild drosophila is black or dark. The body segment in female drosophila is
clearly can be seen more than the male wild drosophila. For additional reproductive
organs, the female wild drosophila have spermateca for collect sperm and for
ovipositor, in male wild drosophila have sex comb.
Five types of mutant drosophila : (1) Ebony, have dark of black body color
because have mutation in chromosome number 3 locus 70,7. (2) Taxy type. The
characteristic of taxy are the wings always strerch because have mutation in
chromosome number 3 locus 91. (3) White eyes type. From the name, the
characteristic of white eyes is have white eyes because have mutation in
chromosome number 1 locus 1,5. (4) Vestigial type, have wing wrinkles because
have mutation in chromosome number 2 locus 67 and (5) Miniatur wings type, the
length of the wings are same as the body length. Have mutation in chromosome
number 1 locus 36,1.
The life cycle of Drosophila. They undergo complete metamorphosis during
their life cycle. The life cycle consists of four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and
adult (Imago).  The rate of development is dependent on temperature, being more
rapid at higher temperatures.
 Picture of Drosophila life cycle
The first genetic experiment that has been carried out is a subculture.
Subculture is the process of moving subjects (flies) from an old bottle to a new bottle
without anesthetized. The purpose of subculture are to prevent contamination,
improve media nutrition, rejuvenating culture, accelerate reproduction, and multiply
tillers.
The second experiment was isolation of virgin females. Isolation of virgin
females is a process carried out to obtain female flies that have not been fertilized by
male flies so that they can be used for crossing pure lines. Virgin female Drosophila
are females who have never been fertilized by a male Drosophila. Such individuals
are needed for crossing pure lines.