COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT,

SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

PRESENTED BY:
MS TERESA ORBETA ADDANGNA
Grade: 12
Subject Code: Community Engagement,
Solidarity and Citizenship
Semester: 2nd
No. of Hours/Semester: 80 hours/semester
Prerequisite: Disciples and Ideas in the Social
Sciences; Discipline and Ideas in the Applied
Social Sciences; & Philippine Politics and
Governance
• Subject Description: This course
focus on the application of ideas and
methods of the social sciences to
understand, investigate and examine
challenges of contemporary
community life.
• It focuses on community – action
initiatives such as community
engagement, solidarity and
citizenship as guide core values of
human rights, social justice,
empowerment and advocacy,
gender equality and participatory
development.
• It aims to enhance student’s
sense of shared identity and
willingness to contribute to the
pursuit of the common good of
the community. It enables
students to ingrate allied social
sciences into community
initiatives
 A. Concepts and Perspectives of Community
Learning Objectives:

1. Explain the importance of learning about

community and its dynamic and
processes;
2. Compare and contrast definitions of
community using different perspectives;
3. Compare and contrast the typologies of
community;
 A. Concepts and Perspectives of Community
4. Analyze functions of community in terms
of structures, dynamics and processes;
5. Develop a sense of shared identity and
willingness to contribute to the
attainment of the common good and
6. Recognize the diversities in
communities.
 Activity 1
Make an illustrated map that describes
your community. Include in your map
photos and images that represent your
people in your community. Draw
arrow lines and symbols to show the
relationship between the people in
your community. Explain your work in
class.
 Processing Question
1. What does the activity say about
your idea of a community?
2. Based on the activity who makes up
your community?
3. Do you see yourself as part of the
community? How do you say so?
 Activity 2
Try to come up with your definition of
“community” using 15 words or less.
Discuss and compare your definition
with the rest of the class and see who
has the most concise and
encompassing definition.
From their own definition draw a
cloud of idea and find out which word
is repeatedly use.
 Activity 3
Group the class into four.
Discuss among your group the
unique characteristics, rules, or
norms of your school has. A
representative from each group
will represent the result of the
discussion in class
.
Defining Community
• Late Middle English term, Latin
word communitas which means
fellowship. Latin roots,
communis, means “common”.
Com translates to “with or
together”, whereas munire
translates to strengthen, to
fortify” or “to defend”
Defining Community
• Social Science Perspective:
Premised on the social dimension of
individual life- the interactions,
relationships and the bonds formed by
individuals and how these are
manifested in the formation of
organizations within the communities.
 Sociology Anthropology

Political
Economics
Science

Social
History
Psychology
Civil Society Perspective:
Civil society refers to a political
community of organized groups
operating within the authoritative
parameters of the state. Civil society
has also been referred to as the third
sector distinct from the state
(government) and the market
(business)
Civil Society Perspective:
• Non – government Organizations (NGOs)
and People’s Organizations (PO’s) and
Social Organizations (SO’s) are common
examples of civil society.
• These organizations actively pursue
political and social development goals
through a variety of actions and
strategies.
Civil Society Perspective:
• Voluntary nature of membership:
fundamental characteristics
• ‘voice not a vote’ (Edwards, 2000)
Examples: Galing Pook Foundation Inc.,
World Vision Foundation Inc., Tuloy
Foundation,The Partido Manggagawa,
Rotary Club and the Philippine Alliance for
Human Rights Advocates
Institutional Perspective:

• Social institutions performs a function of

coordinating values, goals and actions of
its individual members. Social Institutions
arise from a voluntary shared
agreements among individuals that
generally shape their behavior as a
collective.
Institutional Perspective:
“ Rules of the game” that shape a community and society in general.
Nobel Laureate - Douglas North

Category of Institutions:
Formal are explicitly communicated, embodied in a
legally codified documents or artifacts. Serve as the
basis for authority to be executed and oppressed (Laws
and policies that are implemented by the government
agency)
Informal are practices and norms, traditions, culture,
conduct and beliefs system of a community. Not
codified or written, but are embedded in communities.
 The other types in her list are attempts to unbundle the non-
ideological groups, such as

The other types in her list are attempts to unbundle the non-ideological
groups, such as
• - TANGOs (traditional NGOs)
• - FUNDANGO (funding agency NGOs)
• - MUNGOs (mutant NGOs that, according to the author, mutated the
• original spirit of NGO and which include
• - GRINGOs [government run/initiated NGOs]
• - BONGOs [business organized NGOs]
• - COME NGOs [NGOs that exist purely to capture funding])
(Constantino-David 1997).
Organic Perspective:

• An organic perspective refers

to local or grassroots groups
within a particular locale that
are driven and organized
because of community issues
and concerns.
Organic Perspective:

• Generally conceptualized as the

formation of neighborhood
organizations, rural and urban,
convened to pursue local
development goals or address
particular issues, such as crime
prevention, environmental
protection or waste management.
Organic Perspective:

• Grassroots organizations or movements

are typically composed of volunteers
from the local/community level.
• Example: Lowering the incidence of petty
crimes may be accomplished by
organizing citizen patrol groups and
installing security features in the
community.
Elements

Geogra
phical

Structural Socio –
Cultural
Dimensions Political

Economic
 Community Dynamics and Processes
Power Structure:

Formal power structure from the legal

authoritative basis of elected and
appointed government officials and
the leaders of civic organizations
Informal power structure exists
alongside the formal-institutional
power structure
Critical actors: Community Dynamics and Processes
Legal – authoritative decision makers are
individuals whose authority is based on formal
rules and institutions.
Legal authoritative decision makers: Mayors, council members &
Barangay Captains
Influencers are individuals or groups who do not
have direct authority, but are capable of shaping
decisions that affect the community. They can
propose, pressure and effect decisions made by
the decision makers according to their interests
and agenda
 Typologies of Community
• Formal - Informal emphasizes
leadership and power relations in the
community.
• Local – global typology focuses on
the scope and breadth of
communities with respect to its
geographical dimensions and the
reach of its dimensions.
 Typologies of Community
• The rural – urban typology is based on
the distinction in terms of development,
industrialization, ecological conditions
and lifestyle
• Community sector is a broad set of
comm. –based organizations that
voluntarily and autonomously function
beyond a government and state.
 Production – distribution
- consumption

FUNCTIONS
Socialization

Social Control

Social Participation

Mutual Support
 Expected Task:
Establishing Links and Partner Building
Instructions:
1. Divide the class into four group. You will be a
permanent member of your team for this and in the
succeeding activity.
2. Select a community that your group intends to
examine.
3. Identify the community leaders, organizations and
agencies who are actively involve in community affairs.
Select at least two (2) organizations.
 Expected Task:

4. Choose representatives from each of

these groups.
5. Contact and correspond with them
and schedule an interview.
 Interview Guide

1. What prompted the establishment of

your organization? Please give a short
description of your organization.
2. What are the goals, objectives and
advocacy of your organization?
3. What do you think are the important
issues and problems of communities?
 Interview Guide
4. How do you intend addressing the issues
and problems?
5. Have you already partnered with other
organizations in addressing the issues
and problems? If yes, who are these
partners?
6. Is your organization willing to initiate
and build a partnership with our
school/students?
 Interview Rubric

Criteria Description Points

Organization 10
The interview was properly
conducted and the questions were
logically arranged.

Clarity 5
The interviewers supplemented the
guide questions with clarificatory
and probing questions

Presentation 5
The documentation was properly
presented
 “Every person is defined by the
community (he or) she belongs to”
Orson Scott Card