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Types of Supports for Vessels

Type of supports to be provided to a vessel

depend upon its configuration, height to
diameter ratio of the vessel, convenience of
location, operating temperature and materials of
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The attachment of support at suitable location

helps to transfer the load from the vessel to
INSTRUMENTS
support safely. Cylindrical vessels can be
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installed either in vertical position or horizontal
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position and the types of supports for such
installations are different. Similarly, for spherical
vessels, the types of supports required vary
considerably as compared to cylindrical vessels.
It is necessary to analyze the stresses induced
very carefully, so that adequately strong and
cost effective supports can be provided.
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Supports failure can lead to major hazards in a
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Design of Supports for

Vessels
Type of supports to be provided to a vessel
depends upon its configuration, height to
diameter ratio of the vessel, convenience of
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location, operating temperature and materials.
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There are four types of supports commonly
23 MAY, 2019
used.
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 1. Skirt support
2. Bracket or Lug support
3. Saddle support
4. Leg support

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Medium size process vessels having height to

diameter ratio 2-3 are provided with bracket or
lug supports.

Horizontal vessels are usually provided with

saddle supports. Small vessels of capacity 1-2
m3 are provided with leg supports.

Skirt supports
Tall columns such as distillation column,
absorption column are provided with skirt
support. From a designer point of view, skirt
support is attractive because it produces
minimum amount of local stresses caused by
mechanical loads acting at its junction with the
vessel.

Types of Supports for

Types of Supports for
Vessels:- Skirt supports
Vessels:- Skirt supports

Analysis of skirt support is far easy as

compared to bracket supports.
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 Skirt is a cylindrical shell having diameter equal
to outside diameter of the vessel or more than
the outer diameter of the vessel. It is welded at
the bottom of the vessel and rests over a
bearing plate which rests over concrete
foundation.

Skirt support is designed by considering the

following loads:

1. Dead weight of the vessel.

2. Operating weight of the vessel.
3. Lateral loads by restrained thermal growth of
interconnecting pipes.
4. Wind load acting over the vessel.
5. Seismic load

To calculate the skirt thickness all these loads

are required to be considered

Bracket or Lug Supports

Bracket supports are very common for process
equipments. Vertical vessels with height to
Ciameter ratio 2-3 are generally provided with
bracket supports. These are fabricated from
plates and attached to the vessel with minimum
possible weld length. Brackets rests on columns
or structural beams. A vessel with bracket
support is shown below. There are many
advantages of the bracket supports.

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 Types of Supports for
Vessels:- Bracket or Lug Types of Supports for

Supports Vessels:- Bracket or Lug

Supports

1. Cost is less.
2. Can be easily attached to the Vessel with
minimum weld length.
3. Can be easily leveled.
4. Can absorb diametrical expansions if sliding
arrangement is provided.
5. Most suitable for thick wall vessels because
of their ability to absorb bending stresses
eccentrically of loads.

There are some disadvantages also. These are:

Brackets are eccentric to the vessel. This results
in bending moment and compressive, tensile,
shear stresses are induced in the vessel wall.
Therefore these are not suitable for thin wall
vessels unless the vessel wall is reinforced with
backing plate.

For vessel up to 0.8 m diameter two brackets

are sufficient. Up to 3 m diameter, 4 brackets are
used 6 brackets up to 5 m diameter and 8
brackets above 5 m diameter are used.

Saddle Supports
Horizontal vessels are generally provided saddle
supports.. If the underside of the vessel is to be
located only a short distance above the ground
line, steel saddles resting on the top of concrete
piers can be used.

Types of Supports for

Vessels:- Saddle Supports
Types of Supports for
Vessels:- Saddle Supports

Horizontal vessels resting on saddle support is

shown in Fig. The vessel behaves like a beam.
Number of saddles is generally two. It can be
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 are preferred if it is required at more than two
positions.

In selecting the location of saddle supports,

advantage of stiffening effect offered by the
head is taken into account.

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