M7.

5 ENDOCRINE –
PITUITARY GLAND

02/24/2019
AY 2018-2019
ANATOMY LAB TRANS

TRANSER:NAVARRO, H CHECKERS: Murase,Rebelista M7.1

Outline Objectives

I. Description I. Identify the parts and the

II. Pituitary Gland secretions of the Pituitary gland
III. Adenohypophysis II. Identify the structures in
IV. Neurohypopyhsis relation to the Pituitary gland
V. Sphenoid Bone
VI. Sella Turcica
VII. Hypophyseal Fossa
VIII. X-ray of Hypophyseal Fossa
IX. Boundaries
X. Blood Supply
XI. MRI
XII. X-ray
XIII. References
 I. DESCRIPTION

• Pituitary Gland-
hypophysis cerebri
• Master of Endocrine
Glands
• 13 x 8 mm in size
• 0.5 gm in weight
• Covered by the dura
mater Figure 1: Pituitary Gland

• Protected by the
Sphenoid Bone
 II. Pituitary Gland

Figure 3: Pituitary Gland

Figure 2: MRI of the Pituitary Gland Pituitary Gland

 II. Pituitary Gland
• Location
• Middle Cranial Fossa

Figure 4: Middle Cranial Fossa

 II. Pituitary Gland
• It lies between optic chiasma(anteriorly) and
mamillary bodies (posteriorly)

Figure 5: Optic Chiasma and Mamillary body

II. Pituitary Gland

Figure 6: Pituitary Gland

 II. Pituitary Gland
• Two Functional Lobes
– Anterior pituitary- glandular tissue
– Posterior pituitary- nervous tissue

Figure 7: Lobes of the Pituitary Gland

 II. Pituitary Gland

Figure 8: Anatomy of the Pituitary Gland Figure 9: Anatomy Pituitary Gland

 III. Adenohypophysis
• Anterior pituitary Gland
• Buccal/ glandular portion
• Derived from an upgrowth( Rathke’s Pouch)
from the roof of the primitive pharynx
(Stomodeum)
• Stalk connecting to the lobe and roof of
mouth disappears
• May persist as Craniopharyngeal Canal
 III. Adenohypophysis
• Constitutes 80% of the gland
– Pars anterior (pars distalis)- largest subdivision
• Acidophils
• Somatotropes
– Somatotropin
• Lactotropes/Mammotropes
– Prolactin/Luteotropic Hormone/Lactogenic Hormone
• Basophils
– Thyrotopes- TSH
– Corticotropes- ACTH, POMC, lipotropins, endorphins
• Delta Basophils
– Gonadotropes- FSH, LH, ICSH
• Chromophobes
 III. Adenohypophysis
– Pars intermedia – contains small masses of colloid
material, and some finely granulated cells
• Produces melanocyte stimulatig hormone
• Relatively avascular zone
– Pars tuberalis- projection from pars anterior
• Most vascular part of the gland
• No Hormone
 IV. Neurohypopyhsis
• Nervous in origin
• Derived from the brain
• From the floor of the 3rd ventricle and forms
the infundibulum.
 IV. Neurohypopyhsis
• Posterior Lobe
• Pars nervosa
– No Nerve cells
– Has numerous neuroglial cells and fibers and small
collection of colloid materials
– Cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus
• Supraoptic nuclei- vasopressin(pitressin, ADH)
• Paraventricular nuclei-oxytocin(pitocin)
 V. Sphenoid Bone
Sphenoid
Bone

Figure 10: Sphenoid Bone

Figure 11: Sphenoid Bone and

Pituitary Gland
V. Sphenoid Bone

Figure 12: Sphenoid Bone

A. Greater and Lesser Wing of Sphenoid

Lesser Wing of
Sphenoid

Greater Wing of
Sphenoid

Figure 13: Greater and Lesser Wing of Sphenoid

 VI. Sella Turcica
• saddlelike bony prominence on
the upper surface of the body of
the sphenoid bone,
• constituting the middle part of the
butterfly-shaped middle cranial
fossa
• it includes the tuberculum sellae
anteriorly and the dorsum sellae
posteriorly;
• constitutes the hypophyseal fossa
Figure 15: Sella Turcica
that accommodates the pituitary
gland.
 VII. Hypophyseal Fossa
• The deep central
area of the sella
turcica that
contains the
pituitary gland.

Hypophyseal
Fossa

M7.1
VIII.X-ray of the Hypophyseal Fossa

Figure 17: X-ray of the Hypophyseal Fossa

 IX. Boundaries
• Anterior: Sphenoid Sinus
• Posterior: Dorsum Sella, Basilar Artery and
pons
• Superior: Diaphragma Sellae, Optic Chiasm
• Lateral: Cavernous Sinus and its contents (ICA,
Abducens nerve)
 X. Diaphragma Sellae
• A fold of dura mater(Diaphragma sellae)
that covers the pituitary gland
• Has an opening for passage of infundibulum
(Pituitary stalk) connecting the gland to
hypothalamus.
X. Diaphragma Sellae

Figure 18: Diaphragma Sellae

X. Diaphragma Sella

Figure 19: Diaphragma Sellae

 XI. Blood Supply
• Artery(branches from the Internal Carotid
Artery)
– Superior hypophyseal artery
• Supplies the infundibulum
• Forms the capillary that forms the hypothalamic-
hypophyseal portal system
– Inferior Hypophyseal artery
• Supplies the posterior lobe
 XI. Blood Supply
• Vein- hypophyseal veins drain into Cavernous
sinuses
– Cavernous Sinus
– Intercavernous Sinus

Figure 20: Blood Supply of the pituitary

Gland
 XI. Blood Supply

Figure 21: Blood Supply of the pituitary Gland

 XII. MRI

Figure 22: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

Saggital view

Figure 23: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

 XII. MRI
• 1- Pituitary Gland
• 2- Sphenoid Sinus
• 3- Optic Chiasm
• 4- Hypothalamus
• 5- Pituitary Stalk
• 6- Clivus

Figure 24: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

 XII. MRI

Figure 25: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

Figure 26: MRI of the Pituitary Gland
 XII. MRI

Figure 27: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

 XII. MRI

Figure 28: MRI of the Pituitary Gland

 XIII.X-RAY

Figure 29: X-ray of the Pituitary Gland

Figure 30: X-ray of the Pituitary Gland

 XIII.X-RAY

Figure 31: X-ray of the Pituitary Gland

 XIII.X-RAY

Figure 32: X-ray of the Pituitary Gland

 References
-Color Atlas of Anatomy: A photographic Study
of
Human Body by Moses
-McMinn and Abraham Clinical Atlas of Human
Anatomy
-PPT by Dr. Dagani
-Atlas of Human Anatomy by Frank H. Netter