A SURVEY ABOUT ONLINE AND DISTANCE

LEARNING (ODL) ON UITM TAPAH STUDENTS

MEMBERS
Muhammad Azdy Haiqal bin Muhammad Azrul Aidi Philip (2018281644)
Muhammad Fakhri bin Mohd Lazin (2018807114)
Nur Putri Hidayah bt Mohamad Nor (2018679132)
Nurin Atiqah bt Zulkifli (2018245834)
Inson Suraya bt Yahaya (2018800856)

GROUP
A4AS1204G
LECTURER
MADAM NOR HAZLINA BT MOHAMMAD
SUBMISSION DATE
18 JUNE 2020

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We are very pleasure to conduct a survey about UITM Tapah students’ satisfaction about
ODL experience during quarantine period and ways to make it more engaging.

First and foremost, this project would not have been possibly done without the valuable
guidance and advice from Madam Nor Hazlina Binti Mohammad. We want to express our
deepest gratitude to our lecturer because without the knowledge and assistance from her,
this project would not have been successful. 

Besides, we also want to thank all students who had answer our questionnaire that ranges
from part 1 to part 5 students. 

Lastly, we also want to thank all group members and friends for the amazing supports and
perseverance through the duration of our project.

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Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................3
1.1Background Of Study....................................................................................................................3
1.2Objective Of Study....................................................................................................................4
1.3Significance Of Study................................................................................................................4
1.4Limitation Of Study....................................................................................................................5
1.5Data Collection Method............................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................................7
2.1 Suggestion of Probability Concept and Rules......................................................................7
2.2 Data Description.......................................................................................................................7
2.3 GRAPHICAL TECHNIQUE..............................................................................................................8
2.4 NUMERICAL TECHNIQUE...........................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 3: Data Representative..............................................................................................13
3.1.1 Bar Graph............................................................................................................................13
3.1.2 Pie Chart..............................................................................................................................14
3.1.3 Histogram............................................................................................................................14
3.1.4 Box Plot..................................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................20
4.1 REPORT SUMMARY....................................................................................................................20
4.2 APPENDIX...................................................................................................................................21

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1Background Of Study

Online distance learning (ODL) is a method for the student to learn from home. Distance
learning describes any learning that happens without the students being physically present
in the lesson. Online distance means that the student learns from home and the medium is
the internet. The submission, test quiz, and lecture are held online.

Before the distance learning invented, all of the students attending face to face classes and
rarely use online learning. All of the assignments will be handed by hand either directs to the
teacher or lecturer. Students were provided with the timetable for the classes. Face to face
classes might spoil the student because the timetable is already arranged. Student leak in
time management. Distance learning is one of an important way for the student to access
their assignment and notes online. Other than that, correspondence courses in which
students would communicate with their schools or teachers by mail. More recently, distance
education has moved online to include a huge range of systems and methods on practically
any connected device

Online distance learning has been introduced and use widely especially during this
pandemic where outdoor and face to face classes are forbidden. From kindergarten until
university students currently using this method to continue their study. Many apps involved in
this method of learning such as Google Classroom, Telegram, Facebook, Jot form, and even
What's App. As ODL is used widely in the nation, easy to access application is highly in
demand.

Online distance learning has a lot of advantages. Student can save their money as through
the internet, there is no limitation to access the books or any documents. For students that
usually borrow books from the library, they can easily access the internet and it saves time.
They don’t have to walk to the library. Then, through ODL, students can adjust their time on
when to study and to finish their assignments. This method of learning will teach students
how to disciple their selves. ODL also makes the parents easier to monitor their children on
how they manage their time.

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1.2Objective Of Study

I) To identify ways to improve the effectiveness of online learning.

II) To help students and faculty reach the best level of online learning
III) To make it easier for students to easily access learning inputs and reduce
problems while learning

1.3Significance Of Study

This study is conducted to find out which ways to make online and distance learning more
engaging and efficient among students. The findings of the study will redound to the benefit
of society considering that online and distance learning is effective because of the
technologies today. By the time students finish their online course, they will have gained
more work experience and learned new skills that help advance in their careers. Studying
online also teaches more self-motivation and time-management skills. The bigger the
challenge students can face, the greater the number of wise students can be created.

Thus, this study may serve as a guide for other students in the future. The results will
provide students which ways that are suitable for them to apply. At the end of this study,
students will be more practiced about online learning as it is no longer sounded new for
them.

The administrators and staff would also be involved as it will help to organize the enrolment
process and the different transactions made in their respective areas. They will be gaining
insights into what steps are appropriate to help lecturers orient both students and lecturers
regarding online classes.

For lecturers or professors, this study will aid them to discuss related lessons and will make
it easier for them to choose related topics from this study. The data would be used to guide
lecturers on what to do with the students that cut classes. The lecturers would be able to
understand why some students skip classes and later on, help them.

For parents, this study would help them develop some tolerant measures to help their
children in making online learning more efficient and effective. This would also help them
observe the actions of their children towards online classes.

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For future researchers, this study will be a useful reference for the researchers who would
intend to make any related study exactly the standard underlying online and distance
learning.

To sum up, this study will enable students, administrators and staff, lecturers, parents and
future researchers to make online learning more beneficial in a synchronized way.

1.4Limitation Of Study

However, our study on ‘Ways to Make Online and Distance Learning More Engaging’ has
some limitations within which our findings need to be interpreted carefully. Some limitations
of this study should be mentioned. First as in the size of the sample. During data collection,
sample collected will only be limited to 40 students only. During this pandemic, almost every
student in this country learn using open distance learning (ODL) method, therefore, we
clearly cannot generalize the results based on only 40 respondents.

Second, the method uses to collect data. The results obtained from the data might be highly
biased to what is socially acceptable. The reason being is all the respondents know that the
answers will be submitted to lecturer, thus, they will not dare to answer it with personal
reasons. So, the answers might not exactly resemble the truth.

Third, our sample profile. Most of our respondents coming from our friends or mutual that
have almost the same background profile. Nonetheless, the results obtained will be biased.
To get a fairly results, results obtained must be comprised of student with varies profiles.

Last but not least, results of this study may not be completely generalizable because of the
data collection process. To be clear, we use questionnaire as in google forms to collect our
data. However, the results obtained would be different if the interview had been done over
the phone because the presence of the researcher influenced the responses. Other than
that, we collect data during busy weeks where there are many distractions and respondents
are in a rush. In a nutshell, the way in which the data are collected can influenced the results
obtained.

1.5Data Collection Method

For this study, method used to collect data is primary data. Primary data is data that is
collected from first-hand sources. For instance, observation, questionnaire, interview, and
data based. For this, we used questionnaire in terms of google forms to collect our data. A
questionnaire is the main instrument for collecting data in survey research. Basically, it is a
set of standardized questions, often called items, which follow a fixed scheme in order to

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collect individual data about one or more specific topics. The main reasons we choose
questionnaire as a way to collect data is because it is practical, and we can obtained fast
results.

Furthermore, we will be distributed the questionnaire in terms of google form to minimum 40

students of UiTM Tapah. The questionnaire consists of five questions. First question,
students will be asked between laptop, phone, and tablet, in their opinions, which one of
these three make online and distance learning (ODL) more easier? Next, we asked them
about what applications do the students think lecturer should used that can make online
learning more effective. After that, we, the researchers will get to know when the most
effective time online learning is should be conducted. In addition, we also asked if most
students preferred online learning through live learning method such as google meet/zoom
or through recorded lectures note. Last but not least, we would like to know, for the time
being, are the students still struggling to make online learning more engaging or they can
already cope with it.

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CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY

2.1 Suggestion of Probability Concept and Rules

2.1.1 Methods

- Basic probability concepts

0 ≤ P(X=x) ≤ 1

- Discrete random sampling

ΣP(X=x) = 1

2.1.2 Rules

The values of the probability must be from 0 to 1:

0 ≤ P(X=x) ≤ 1

2.2 Data Description

The data used for this study is primary data which comes from primary source whereas the
data is collected by us for a specific purpose. The title of the data is ways to make online
learning more engaging among students.

a. Population
- All students from UiTM .
b. Sample
- 53 students from UiTM Tapah.
c. Sampling technique
- Cluster sampling.
d. Data collection method
- Questionnaire method. The survey from Google Form was distributed through a
medium, which is Whatsapp. The advantages of this method are the format is familiar
to most respondents, respondents have time to think about their answers and cheap
while the weakness of the questionnaire is not suitable to investigate long and
complex issues.

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2.3 GRAPHICAL TECHNIQUE

In this project, we have included several graphical techniques. For instance, bar graph, pie
chart, histogram, and boxplot.

GRAPHICAL OBJECTIVES DESCRIPTION VARIABLES

TECHNIQUES
To compare A bar graph is a  The
between chart that environment
environment of uses bars to show of study place
Bar Graph study place and the comparisons  The number
number of students. between categories of students
of data. The bars
can be either
horizontal or
vertical.
To show percentage It is a type of graph  Problems
represented about in which a circle is students
Pie Chart problems students divided into sectors encounter
encounter during that each represent during ODL
ODL session. a proportion of the session.
whole  Yes & No
To display It is a diagram  The
frequency consisting of engagement
distributions rectangles whose between
Histogram between area is proportional students and
engagement to the frequency of a lecturers
between students variable and whose  The number
and lecturers and width is equal to the of students
the number of class interval.
students.

To show the shape This method is a  The

of the distribution simple way of applications
between representing used by
applications used by statistical data on a students for
students for online plot in which a online

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Box-and-Whisker learning and the rectangle is drawn learning
Plot percentage of to represent the first  The
students. and third quartiles percentage of
as well as the students
median, minimum
value and the
maximum value of
the data.

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2.4 NUMERICAL TECHNIQUE

In this project, the data used is a grouped data which included the value of mean, median,
mode, quartiles, variance, standard deviation, regression line, and Pearson Product-Moment
correlation coefficient.

NUMERICAL TECHNIQUE DESCRIPTION FORMULA

Mean Mean is the average of a set ~ E fx
x=
of measurements. n
Median is the middle value
when a set of data is
Median arranged in increasing order. n
−cf
It is used to obtain the value M=L+ 2 .c
f
that separates the higher
half and the lower half.
The most commonly f 1−f 0
Z=L+( ). c
Mode observed value in a set of 2⋅ f 1−f 0−f 2
data.
Quartiles are values that can
divide an array into four
equal quarters.
i. The first quartile, n+1
i. Q1 = ( )
denoted by Q1 , is 4
the median of
the lower half of
the data set. This
means that about
25% of the
numbers in the
data set lie below
Q1 and about
75% lie above Q1.
Quartiles
ii. The second
quartile (Q2) is the
median of a data
set and 50% of

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 the data lies
below this point.

iii. The third quartile, 3

ii. Q3 = (n + 1)
denoted by Q3 , is 4
the median of
the upper half of
the data set. This
means that about
75% of the
numbers in the
data set lie below
Q3 and about
25% lie above Q3.
Variance (σ2) in statistics is a
Variance measurement of the spread 1 ( E x )2
s2 = ( E x 2− ¿
between numbers in a data n−1 n
set.
The standard deviation is a
statistic that measures the
Standard Deviation dispersion of a dataset (E x) 2

relative to its mean and is

calculated as the square root
s=
√ 1
n−1
( E x2 −
n
)

of the variance.
A regression line is a
straight line that de- scribes Y = A + BX
Regression Line how a response variable y
changes as an explanatory E y B Ex
A= −
variable x changes. n n
The Pearson product-
moment correlation
coefficient (Pearson’s
Pearson Product-Moment correlation, for short) is a
Correlation measure of the strength and r=
direction of association that
n E xy−E x E y
exists between two variables
2 2 2 2
measured on at least an
√[ n E x −( E x ) ] [n E y −( E y ) ]
interval scale.

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 e. Descriptions of variable
Table 2.2: Data Description

Type of Data Scale of Measurement Data

Qualitative variable Ratio Ways to Make Online
Distance Learning
More Engaging

CHAPTER 3: Data Representative

3.1.1 Bar Graph

the environment of study place during quarantine

mark number of student
1 3
2 11
3 21
4 11
5 7
TOTAL 53

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 the environment of study place during
quaranti ne
25

20

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5

This chart shows the environment of study place during quarantine for 53 students. Scale
from 1 to 5 has been given to the student for them to tick on the questionnaire. The highest
score is 3 where the environment is good with no any extreme disturbance. There are only 3
students that encounter difficulties to focus on their learning during online distance learning.
Internet coverage and is unable to purchase data for internet are part of the factors that
making the online distance learning less engaging than face to face learning.

3.1.2 Pie Chart

encouter any problems during online distance learning

yes no
28.30% 71.70%

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 Do students encounter any problems during
online distance learning(odl) ?

yes no

Pie chart above shows that 71.70% o the participants do not have any problem during online
distance learning.

3.1.3 Histogram

engagement between student and lectures from scale 1-5

scale students

1 0

2 10

3 25

4 15

5 3

TOTAL 53

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From the histogram above, 47% of the respondents marks the highest scale that has given
throughout the questionnaire. This shows that the engagement between lecturers and
student is excellent. This is an important part in online distance learning process because full
participation from student will make the leaning will b more interesting. Learning outcome
can be achieved. Lecturers also will be easier to monitor their students when the
engagement I good.

3.1.4 Box Plot

number of
Method Used students percentage (%)
whatsApp 50 94.34
google classroom 53 100
edmodo 13 24.53
zoom 9 16.98
telegram 7 13.21

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 google meet 12 19.98
others 5 20.75

Box a whisker plot shows that WhatsApp is the most used apps among students for their
online distance learning. It is because everybody can get access to this app. The flexibility of
this app is good because video, document and photo is easy to access. WhatsApp also did
not use lot of internet data. Google classroom is the second highest application that the
students use for learning. This app’s have a similar concept as face to face class because
the lecturer can teach the student through live session. the disadvantageous this application
is the internet data that are needed is quit big for the student to access. Students with poor
coverage will encounter difficulties to catch up with their class

3.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTIC ANALYSIS

Environment Rate/Midpoin Number Of Students Percentage (%)

t
Very Not Comfortable 1 3 5.7
Not Comfortable 2 11 20.8
Moderate 3 21 39.6
Comfortable 4 11 20.8
Very Comfortable 5 7 13.2

Table; Data of The Environment Of Study Place During Quarantine

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Mean, ~
x:

E fx
=
n

167
= = 3.15
53

So, the average environment of study place during quarantine of the students are
3.15, moderate environment.

Median, M :

n
−cf
=L+ 2 .c
f

167
−14
= 2.5 + 2 .1
21

= 5.81

Mode, Z :

f 1−f 0
=L+( ).C
2⋅ f 1−f 0−f 2

21−11
= 2.5 + ( ).1
10+10

=3

So, the mode of the environment of study place during quarantine of the students are
3.

First Quartile, Q1 :

n+1
=( )
4

53+1
=( )
4

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=13.5

Third Quartle, Q3 :

3
= (n + 1)
4
3
= (53 + 1)
4
= 40.5

Variance, S2 :

1 ( E fx )2
= ( E fx 2− ¿
n−1 n
2
1 −( 167 )
= (587 ¿
53−1 53
1
= (587−¿ 526.208)
53−1
= 1.1691

Standard deviation, S :

= √ 1.1691

= 1.0812

CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION

4.1 REPORT SUMMARY

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As a conclusion, throughout this project we were able to use all method we learned in
Chapter 1, 2 and 3. From the survey we analysed, we can conclude that majority of the
surveyor prefers Face to Face learning as 92.5% voted it. This is show as 66.1% is has
voted moderate and below on the scale of comfortableness during ODL session. Moreover
71% of the respondent encounter some type of problem during those ODL session which is
not quite productive for these students.

4.2 APPENDIX

Online and Distance Learning Survey on Students

Assalammualaikum wbt and hi to all!

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We are part 4 students from Faculty of Applied Science are doing a survey on "Online and
Distance Learning' for our STA108 case study. We appreciate if you guys can spare your
time and help us fill the survey. Thank you in advance for those who have filled the survey.
We wished you the best of luck on your journey onward and take care of your health during
this tough times. Thank you once again.

* Required
1. Name *
__________________________

2. Student ID
__________________________

3. Method used for Online Learning

Check all that apply.
O WhatsApp
O Google Classroom
O Edmodo
O Zoom
O Skype
O Other:

4. Which one the following do you prefer most?

Mark only one.
O Online and Distance Learning (ODL)
O Face to Face Learning

5. How would you rate the engagement between students and lecturers of the method used?
Mark only one.
1 2 3 4 5
No Engagement OOOOO Very Engaging

6. The environment of study place during quarantine.

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Mark only one.
1 2 3 4 5
Very Uncomfortable O O O O O Very Comfortable

7. Do you encounter any problems during ODL session *

Mark only one.
O Yes
O No

8. What are the problems encountered (optional)

________________________________________

5.0 REFERENCES
1.Mean Median Mode - Formulas | Solved Examples. (2020). Retrieved 18 June 2020, from
https://byjus.com/mean-median-mode-formula/
2. Pie Charts, Histograms, and Other Graphs Used in Statistics. (2020). Retrieved 18 June
2020, from https://www.thoughtco.com/frequently-used-statistics-graphs-4158380
3. Probability: the basics (article) | Khan Academy. (2020). Retrieved 18 June 2020, from
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/probability/probability-geometry/probability-
basics/a/probability-the-basics

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