Pearl Danielle G.

Arcamo EEA101L/E07
Conclusion
We discussed how to get the total resistances and current in series and parallel
circuits. For the series circuit, to get the total the total resistance, tR = R1 + R2 + R3 +
R4. And the values that were given to us are as follows: R1 = 5Ω, R2 = 10Ω, R3 = 15Ω,
R4 = 20Ω, and V = 100V. So, by adding the values, we get the total resistance of 50Ω.
The next step was to get the current. In this process, we use the Ohm’s law and the law
is simply voltage = current multiplied by resistance (V = IR). I simulated it using LTspice
to further understand what is happening in the circuit.

Figure 1. Series circuit using LTspice

In here, I created a circuit in a series matter which means that current is flowing
in one path. I inputted the values for the resistances as well as the voltage. I also added
a ground (node) because it is required for the simulation to run because it refers
specifically to the 0V or circuit "common" point. I also inputted 20s for the simulation to
run for more accurate result.

Figure 2. Current in R1
 Figure 3. Current in R2

Figure 4. Current in R3
Figure 5. Current in R4
In the simulation, it is clear that all has the same value of current, which is 2.2
Amps because using the Ohm’s law, to get the ampere, we divide the voltage with the
total resistance. So, 110V/50 Ω = 2.2Amps = I.

Now, with parallel circuits, we use tR = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + 1/R4. Again, we
have the same values for the resistances which are: R1 = 5Ω, R2 = 10Ω, R3 = 15Ω, R4
= 20Ω, and V = 100V. So, by calculating the total resistance, we get 2.40Ω.
Next, we solved for the current given the voltage. In order to solve this, we used
ohm's law which is V = IR and deriving the formula, we get I = V/R. In order to do that, I
simulated again using LTspice.
 Figure 6. Parallel
circuit using LTspice
In here, I created a circuit in a parallel matter which means that the current flows
in four different paths. I inputted the values for the resistances as well as the voltage.
And again, I added a ground (node) because it is required for the simulation to run. And
I ran the simulation again for 20s.

Figure 7. Current in R1

Figure 8. Current in R2
Figure 9. Current in R3
 Figure 10. Current in R4
In here, we can see that they have different values for the current unlike in the
series form. It is because in parallel series, the current flows in different paths. In R1 =
110V/5 Ω = 22 Amps, R2 = 110V/10 Ω = 11 Amps, R3 = 110V/15 Ω = 7.33 Amps, and
R4 = 110V/20 Ω = 5.5.
After I solved for the current in each resistance, I then solved the total current
using this formula, It = I1 + I2 + I3 + I4. So inputting the values, the total current is: 22 +
11 + 7.33 + 5.5 = 45.83 Amps.
Lastly, we talked about Kirchoff's which has 2 laws. 1st law is Kirchoff's Current
Law (KCL) which states that the current that went in the circuit must be the same value
as the current that went out. 2nd law is Kirchoff's Voltage Law (KVL) that states that if
you have a closed circuit, the voltages around that circuit must add up to zero (0).