College of Engineering, Architecture and

Technology

SITTING OF MAJOR FACILITIES

Reporter: Report No.18

Sherlee Temple Bical BSCE-5

Watershed is an area of land that feeds all the water running under it and draining off of it into
a body of water. It combines with other watersheds to form a network of rivers and streams that
progressively drain into larger water areas.
Watershed are important because the surface water features and storm water runoff within a
watershed ultimately drain to other bodies of water. It is essential to consider this downstream
impact when developing and implementing water quality protection and restoration actions.
Everything upstream ends up downstream.
WHAT IS WATERSHED PLANNING?

The purpose of watershed planning is to develop a more thorough and cooperative method of
determining what the current water resource situation is in each water resource inventory area
of the state and to provide local citizens with the maximum possible input concerning their goals
and objectives for water resource management and development.

Sitting of Major Facilities

Steps in Building Water Shed first you should build partnership, Characterize your watershed,
Finalize goal and identify Solution. Design an implementation program ,Implementation water
shed plan. Measure progress and make adjustment.

Parameters In Sitting Major Facilities

1 .Size , size of Rain and Precipitation must be consideration for the watershed received and
drained off .
2. Shape , the shape of water shed Morphological pattern must be studied like the geological
structure.
3. Physiography , Lands and altitude and physical disposition.
4. Slope , Controls the rainfall Distribution
5. Climate, decides quantitative approach
6. Drainage, flow characteristics and so the erosion behavior

7. Vegetation information of species gives a sure ground for selection of crops and selction.
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8. Geology and soils, their nature determines size, shape physiographic drainage and ground
water.
9. Hydrology is an important factor for quantification of water available.
10. Socio Economics statistics on people and their health, hygiene and wants and wishes for the
uses of water.

Why are watersheds important?

Watersheds are important because the surface water features and stormwater runoff within a
watershed ultimately drain to other bodies of water. It is essential to consider these downstream
impacts when developing and implementing water quality protection and restoration actions.
Everything upstream ends up downstream. We need to remember that we all live downstream
and that our everyday activities can affect downstream waters.

Management of the environment has been primarily focused on specific issues such as air, land,
and water. Most efforts have resulted in decreasing pollutant emissions to air and water,
improved landfills, remediation of waste sites and contaminated groundwater, protection of rare
and endangered species, design of best management practices to control water and contaminant
runoff, and much more.

What is still a continuing problem for our waters are nonpoint source pollution and habitat
degradation. These are the problems that are responsible for most of the water quality use
impairments throughout. These are typically complex problems that are difficult to manage.
Both nonpoint pollution and habitat degradation generally cross program purviews. To establish
a method to tackle these remaining problems managements must come together to better
understand the interactions between the environmental components and the actions that can be
taken by all towards the goal of ecosystem integrity.

Benefits of Healthy Watersheds

CO Step InfographicOur natural ecosystems are made up of forests, wetlands, water sources,
plants and animals, and provide multiple goods and services that contribute to a healthy
economy, environment and people. Every day, we rely on ecosystem goods and services - they
connect us to our environment.

Conservation Authorities deliver practical, cost effective programs that ensure healthy
ecosystems which enable them to generate and maintain valuable goods and services, often
preventing the need for costly technological solutions to environmental problems.

Benefit human health

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Human Health A healthy watershed provides safe drinking water, provides food, enables us to
adapt to the impacts of climate change more easily by cooling the air and absorbing greenhouse
gas emissions, and provides natural areas for people to keep active and recharge our batteries.

Benefit eco health

Ecological Health A healthy watershed conserves water, promotes streamflow, supports
sustainable streams, rivers, lakes, and groundwater sources, enables healthy soil for crops and
livestock, and also provides habitat for wildlife and plants.

Benefit economic health

Economic Health A healthy watershed produces energy and supplies water for agriculture,
industry and households. Forests and wetlands help to prevent or reduce costly climate change
and flooding impacts, manages drought, contributes to tourism, fisheries, forestry, agriculture
and mining industries.

Importance of Water Shed.

Watershed Management
Water systems are life supporting, and a healthy water system is essential for a robust economy
and a good quality of life. History has demonstrated that almost every action we take on the land
shows up in the water systems, for better or for worse. This paper is written from the perspective
of local watershed managers, Ontario’s Conservation Authorities. It describes how integrated
watershed management is an important part of selecting and maintaining cost-effective water
supply with minimal impact on the environment. While watershed management is broader in
focus than drinking water supply, adequate, safe, and contaminant free water supply can be
achieved while maintaining a healthy aquatic ecosystem.