m~Î 1| †evi g‡Wj Abyhvqx nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvby ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva©

m~Î cÖZxK cwiwPwZ GKK

e=¿ B‡jKUª‡bi Avavb Kzj¤^ (c )
1. ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_i k~b¨ gva¨‡gi
ϵ 0=¿ Kzj¤^2/wbDUb-wgUvi
e¨vmva©, †f`b‡hvM¨Zv (c 2 N −1 m−1 )
2 2 2
h ϵ
r= ,r = n h ϵ
0
2 n 2
0 m=¿ B‡jKUª‡bi fi †KwR (kg)
πme πme
h=¿ cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK Ryj †m. ( J −s)

cÖkœ 1| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi cÖ_g †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva© wbY©q

K‡iv|
mgvavbt GLv‡b, cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s

k~b¨¯’v‡bi †f`b‡hvM¨Zv, ϵ =8.854 × 10 0

−12
N−1 m−2 c2

B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

B‡jKUª‡bi PvR©, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

cÖ_g †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva©, r =? 1

Avgiv Rwb, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi cÖ_g †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmv‡a©i

mgxKiY,
h2 ϵ 0
r 1=
πme 2
∴ r 1=¿ ¿

¿ 5.32× 1 0−11 m

¿ 0.532 ×1 0−10 m

¿ 0.532 Å [10−10 m=1 Å]

AZGe, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi cÖ_g †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva© 0.532 Å |

cÖkœ 2| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi 100 Zg †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva©
wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt GLv‡b, cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s

ϵ 0=8.854 × 10−12 N−1 m−1 c2

fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

PvR©, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

n=100

n 2 h2 ϵ 0
Avgiv Rvwb, rn =
πme 2
∴ r 100 =¿ ¿

10000× 4.39569 ×1 0−67 ×8.854 × 10−12

¿ m
3.1416 ×9.1 ×1 0−31 ×2.56 ×1 0−33

¿ 5.32× 1 0−7 m

AZGe, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi 100 Zg †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva©

5.32 ×1 0 m|−7

cÖkœ 3| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi 3q Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© wbY©q K‡iv|

GLv‡b, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s, B‡jKUª‡bi fi, ¿ 9.1 ×1 0 −31
kg

Ges B‡jKUª‡bi PvR© ¿ 1.6 ×1 0 −19

c

mgvavbt GLv‡b, cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34

J −s

B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

B‡jKUª‡bi PvR©, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

Z…Zxq Kÿc‡_, n=3

ϵ 0=8.854 × 10−12 c 2 N −1 m−2

Z…Zxq Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva©, r =? 1

 n 2 h2 ϵ 0
Avgiv Rvwb, rn =
πme 2

9 h2 ϵ 0
∴ r 3= =9 ׿ ¿
πme 2
−10 −10
¿ 4.78 × 10 m=4.784 Å[∵1 Å=10 m]

∴ r 3=4.784 Å

AZGe, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi Z…Zxq Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© 4.784 Å |y

cÖkœ 4| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi 2q (n=2) Kÿc‡_i †evi e¨vmva©

wbY©q K‡iv| GLv‡b, h=6.63 ×1 0 J −s, B‡jKUª‡bi fi, ¿ 9.1 ×1 0 kg −34 −31

Ges B‡jKUª‡bi PvR© ¿ 1.6 ×1 0 −19

c |
mgvavbt GLv‡b, n=2; h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J−s

m=9.1×1 0−31 kg ; e=1.6 × 10−19 c

k~b¨¯’v‡bi †f`b‡hvM¨Zv, ϵ =8.854 × 10 0

−12 2
c N −1 m−2

2q Kÿc‡_i ‡evi, r =? 2

n 2 h2 ϵ 0
Avgiv Rvwb, rn =
πme 2
∴ r 2=¿ ¿

¿ 2.13 ×1 0−10 m=2.13 Å

AZGe, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi 2q †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva© 2.13 Å |

m~Î 2| †evi g‡Wj Abymv‡i nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_ AveZ©bkxj

m~Î cÖZxK cwiwPwZ GKK

2. ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_ AveZ©bkxj B‡jKUª‡bi E=¿ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ B‡jKUªb ‡fvë
†gvU kw³, (ev )
me 4 n=¿ †Kvqv›Ug
E=
8 n 2 h2 ϵ 02 msL¨v
cÖkœ 5| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi wØZxq K‡ÿi B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU
kw³ wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt GLv‡b, nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi wØZxq Kÿc‡_, n=2
cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s

B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

B‡jKUª‡bi ZwoZvavb, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

wØZxq K‡ÿ B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU kw³, E =? 2

Avgiv Rvwb,
me 4
En =
8 n 2 h2 ϵ 02

∴ E2=−9.1 ×1 0−31 ׿ ¿

¿−5.41× 10−19 J

5.41 ×1 0−19 −19

¿− −19
eV [∵1 eV =1.6 × 10 J ]
1.6 ×1 0

¿−3.4 eV

AZGe, wb‡Y©q kw³i cwigvY 3.4 eV |

cÖkœ 6| nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi †evi K‡ÿ n=1 Aew¯’Z B‡jKUª‡bi kw³

wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt GLv‡b, cÖ_g K‡ÿ, n=1
cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s

B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

B‡jKUª‡bi PvR©, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

Ges ϵ =8.854 × 10
0
−12 2
c N −1 m−2

1g †evi K‡ÿ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³, E =? 1

 me 4
Avgiv Rvwb, B‡jKUª‡bi kw³, En =
8 n 2 h2 ϵ 02

∴ E1=−9.1 ×1 0−31 ׿ ¿

¿−13.53 eV [1 eV =1.6 ×1 0−19 J ]

∴ E=−13.53 eV

AZGe, cÖ_g †evi K‡ÿ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ 13.53 eV |

cÖkœ 7| †`LvI †h, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi cÖ_g ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_i

−x
B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ −x n‡j wØZxq Kÿc‡_i B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ 4 |
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, ¯’vqx Kÿc‡_ AveZ©bkxj B‡jKUª‡bi
†gvU kw³,
me 4
En =
8 n 2 h2 ϵ 02

−m e4
∴ cÖ_g Kÿc‡_i kw³, E 1=
8 h2 ϵ 0 2 ........ (1) [∵ cÖ_g Kÿc‡_, n=1]
−−m e 4
wØZxq Kÿc‡_i kw³, E 2=
8.4 h2 ϵ 02 ......... (2) [wØZxq Kÿc‡_, n=2]
(1) bs †K (2) bs Øviv fvM K‡i cvB,
E1 −m e 4 8.4 h2 ϵ 02
− × =4
E2 8 h 2 ϵ 02 −me 4

E1
∴ E 2=
4

‡h‡nZz cÖ_g Kÿc‡_ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³, −x

−x
‡m‡nZz wØZxq Kÿc‡_ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³, 4 (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
cÖkœ 8| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi Z…Zxq †evi K‡ÿi B‡jKUª‡bi
kw³ wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavYt GLv‡b, cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34
J −s

B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31

kg

B‡jKUª‡bi PvR©, c=1.6 × 10 −19

c

Kÿc_, n=3
k~b¨¯’v‡bi †f`b‡hvM¨Zv, ϵ =8.854 × 10 0
−12 2
c N −1 m−2

‡gvU kw³, E=?

Avgiv Rvwb,
−me 4
E=
8 n 2 h2 ϵ 02

¿−9.1 ×1 0−31 kg ׿ ¿

−19 −2.416 ×1 0−19

¿ 2.416 ×1 0 J= eV =−1.51 eV
1.6 ×1 0−19

AZGe,Z…Zxq †evi K‡ÿi B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ −1.51 eV

m~Î 3| cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUª‡bi Kÿ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mgq wbtm„Z kw³

wbY©q
m~Î cÖZxK cwiwPwZ GKK

h=¿ cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK Ryj-‡m‡KÛ ( J −s)

3. B‡jKUª‡bi Kÿ ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mgq
wbtm„Z kw³, E2− E1=hυ
E2− E1=¿ K‡ÿi B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ B‡jKUªb †fví (eV )
υ=¿ B‡jKUª‡bi K¤úv¼ nvR© ( HZ )
cÖkœ 9| GKwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy D‡ËwRZ Ae¯’v †_‡K
f~wg Ae¯’vq Avm‡j †h †dvUb wbtmiY Ki‡e Zvi K¤úv¼ KZ
n‡e? D‡Ë‡RZ Ges f~wg Ae¯’vq kw³ h_vµ‡g −3.4 eV Ges −13.6 eV |
mgvavbt GLv‡b,
f~wg Ae¯’vq kw³, E =−13.6 eV =−3.6 ×16 × 10
¿
−19
J

D‡ËwRZ Ae¯’vq kw³, E =−3.4 eV =−3.4 ×16 × 10

u
−19
J

cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34

J −s

K¤úv¼, υ=?
Avgiv Rvwb, E=E −E u ¿

ev, hυ=E −Eu ¿

Eu−E ¿
ev, υ= h
={−3.4−¿ ¿

10.2×1.6 × 10−19 15
¿ −34
HZ=2.46 × 10 HZ
6.63 × 10

wb‡Y©q K¤úv¼ 2.46 ×1 0 15

HZ

cÖkœ 10| GKwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy −1.5 eV kw³ Ae¯’v †_‡K −3.4 eV
Ae¯’vq Avm‡j †h †dvUb wbtmij Ki‡e Zvi K¤úv¼ I Zi½‰`N©¨
KZ n‡e? G wewµqv wK `„k¨gvb n‡e? h=6.63 ×1 0 J −s −34

mgvavbt GLv‡b, wbkœkw³ ¯Íi, E =−3.4 eV ¿

D”P kw³ ¯Íi, E =−1.5 eV

u

cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34

J −s

K¤úv¼, υ=?
Avgiv Rvwb, E=E −E u l

ev, hυ=E −Eu l

Eu−E l −1.5 eV −(−3.4 eV )

ev, υ= h
=
6.63× 1 0−34 J −s

¿ 2.86 ×1 033 eV /J −s=2.86 ×1 033 × 1.60× 1 0−19 HZ

¿ 2.59 ×1 014 HZ

c 3 ×1 0 8 m s−1
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb, c=υλ ev λ= =
υ 2.59 ×1 014 HZ

¿ 6.536 ×1 0−7 m=6536 Å

AZGe, K¤úv¼ 4.59 × 10 14

HZ , Zi½‰`N©¨ 6536 Å Ges wewµqv `„k¨gvb
n‡e|

cÖkœ 11| †mvwWqvg cigvYy †_‡K njy` e‡Y©i GKwU

wewKiY nq hvi Zi½‰`N©¨ 589.6 ×1 0 m| †h `ywU kw³ ¯Í‡ii g‡a¨ −9

GB wewKiY nq Zv‡`i kw³ cv_©K¨ KZ?

mgvavbt GLv‡b, Zi½‰`N©¨, λ=5896 ×1 0 −19
m

Avgiv Rvwb, c=υλ

c 3 ×1 08
ev, υ= =
λ 5896 ×1 0−10
14
=5.088 ×1 0 HZ

Avevi Avgiv Rvwb, `ywU kw³¯Í‡ii g‡a¨ kw³i cv_©K¨ n‡e hv

A_©vr E 2 nd −E1 st =hυ=6.63 ×1 0−34 ×5.088 ×1 014 J

¿ 3.315 ×1 0−19 J =2.071 eV ¿

AZGe, kw³, cv_©K¨ 2.071 eV

 cÖkœ 12| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi f‚wg Kÿ (n=1) †_‡K cÖ_g
D‡ËwRZ K‡ÿ (n=2) hvIqvi Rb¨ kw³i cwigvY wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt GLv‡b, n=1; n=2
B‡jKUª‡bi fi, m=9.1×1 0 −31
kg

B‡jKUª‡bi Avab, e=1.6 ×1 0 −19

c

ϵ 0=8.854 × 10−12 c 2 N −1 m−2

cø¨v‡¼i aªæeK, h=6.63 ×1 0 −34

J −s

cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³, E=?

Avgiv Rvwb, E=E =E 1 2

m e4 m e4 −m e 4 1 1
¿− 2 2 2
− 2 2 2
= 2 2 2 2− 2
8 n1 h ϵ 0 8 n2 h ϵ 0 8 h ϵ 0 n1 n2 ( )
¿ 9.1 ×1 0−31 kg ׿ ¿

2.16× 1 0−18 3
¿ × eV =−10.125 eV
1.6× 1 0−19 4

AZGe, cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ 10.125 eV |

m~Î 4| †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i Aa©vqy I ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb wbY©q

m~Î cÖZxK cwiwPwZ GKK

4. Aa©vqy I ÿq g‡a¨ T 1 =¿
2
Aa©vqy
m¤úK©, ‡m‡KÛ ( s)
0.693 1
τ =¿ Mo Avqy
T =
1
λ , λ=
τ
2 λ=¿ †ZRw¯Œq c`v_©wUi
T 1 =0.693 τ cÖwZ †m‡KÛ ( s−1 )
2
ÿq aªæeK
cÖkœ 13| †Kv‡bv †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb 0.00385/ s Gi
Aa©vqy KZ?
0.693 GLv‡b,
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, T = λ 1
2
ÿq aªæeK, λ=0.00385 s −1

0.693
¿ s
0.00385
Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=?

¿ 180 s

AZGe, Aa©vqy 180 s|

cÖkœ 14| BD‡iwbqvg U Gi Aa©vqy †ei K‡iv| BD‡iwbqv‡gi cÖwZ

238

MÖvg cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 1.24 ×1 0 Avjdv KYv wbtmiY K‡i| 4

A¨v‡fv‡Mi‡Wªvi msL¨v 6.025 ×1 0 | 23

mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,

dN
=λN
dt
1 dN
ev, λ= N dt

1.24 ×1 04 −1
¿ s
6.025× 10 21

¿ 0.4901 ×1 0−17 s−1

Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb,

0.693
T 1=
2
λ

0.693
¿ −17
s=1.414 × 10 17 s
0.4901× 10
1.414
¿ ×1 017 y
60× 60 ×24 × 365

¿ 4.4837 × 10−8 × 1 017 y

¿ 4.49 ×1 0 9 y

∴ T 1 =4.49× 1 09 y
2

AZGe, Aa©vqy 4.49 × 10 y | 9

cÖkœ 15| 1 g f‡ii †Kv‡bv †ZRw¯Œq c`v_© 50 s mg‡q 0.01 g fi nvivq|
H c`v‡_©i Aa©vqy KZ?
mgvavbt GLv‡b, 50 s mg‡q nviv‡bv fi ¿ 0.01 g
0.01
myZivs cv`v_©wUi ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb, λ= 50 s =0.0002 s −1

Avgiv Rvwb,
0.693 0.693
Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=
λ
=
0.0002 s−1
=3465 s=57 min 45 s

∴ T 1 =57 min 45 s
2

AZGe, Aa©vqy 57 min 45 s |

cÖkœ 16| †iwWqv‡gi Aa©vqy 1622 eQi n‡j Gi ÿq aªæeK KZ?

mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,
λ=
0.693 GLv‡b,
T1
2
‡iW‡bi Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=1622 y

0.693
¿
1622 y ∴ ÿq aªæeK, λ=?
¿ 4.27 × 10−4 y−1

AZGe, ÿq aªæeK 4.27 × 10 −4

y−1 |

cÖkœ 17| †iW‡bi Aa©vqy 3.82 w`b| Gi Mo Avqy KZ?

mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,
GLv‡b,
T 1 =0.693 τ
2
‡iW‡bi Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=3.82 d
T1
ev, τ= 2
=
3.82 d
Mo Avqy, τ =?
0.693 0.693
¿ 5.51 d

AZGe, Mo Avqy 5.51 d|

cÖkœ 18| †Kv‡bv †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i Aa©Rxeb 3 wgwbU n‡j
Gi ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb †ei K‡iv|
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
T 1=
0.693
λ
‡ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i Aa©Rxeb,
2
T 1 =3 min=3 × 60 s=180 s
0.693
ev, λ=
180 s
2

¿ 3.85 ×1 0−3 s−1

ÿq aªæeK, λ=?

AZGe, ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb 3.85 ×1 0 −3 −1

s |

cÖkœ 19| BD‡iwbqv‡gi Mo Avqy 6.4935 ×1 0 eQi| Gi Aa©vqy 9

wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
τ=
T BD‡iwbqv‡gi Mo Avqy,
0.693
τ =6.4935 ×1 09 y
ev, T =τ × 0.693
¿ 6.4935 ×1 09 y × 0.693 Aa©vqy, T =?
¿ 4.9 ×1 0 9 y

AZGe, Aa©vqy, 4.9 × 10 y | 9

cÖkœ 20| 19 8 Gi Aeÿq aªæeK, 0.257 d

Au
−1
198 Au Gi Aa©vqy †ei K‡iv|
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, Aa©vqy,
GLv‡b,
0.693
T=
λ Aeÿq aªæeK, λ=0.257 d −1

0.693
¿
0.257 d−1
=2.7 d
Aa©vqy, T =?
AZGe, Aa©vqy 2.7 d
 cÖkœ 21| GKwU †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i Aa©vqy 5 NÈv| Gi ÿq
aªæe‡Ki gvb KZ?
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
5
λ=
0.693 Aa©vqy, T =5 h= 24 d=0.208 d
T1
2

0.693
ÿq aªæeK, λ=?
¿ =3.33 d−1
0.208 d
3.33 −1
¿ s
86400

¿ 3.85 ×1 0−5 s−1

AZGe, ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb 3.85 ×1 0 −5 −1

s |

cÖkœ 22| †iW‡bi Aa©vqy 4 w`b| Gi Mo Avqy KZ?

mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, Aa©vqy, T =4 d
T
=0.693
τ Mo Avqy, τ =?
T 4d
ev, τ = 0.693 = 0.693 =5.77 d
AZGe, Mo Avqy 5.77 d |

cÖkœ 23| †iwWqv‡gi Mo Avqy 2294 eQi| Gi Aeÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb I Aa©vqy
†ei K‡iv|
GLv‡b, Mo Avqy, τ =2294 y
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, Mo Avqy,
1
τ=
λ
Aeÿq aªæeK, λ=?

ev,
1
λ= =
1
y−1 Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=?
τ 2294

¿ 4.36 × 10−4 y−1

0.693
Ges Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=
λ

0.693
¿ y=1589 y
4.36 ×1 0−4

AZGe, Aa©vqy 1589 y I Aeÿq aªæeK 4.36 × 10 −4

y−1
cÖkœ 24| BD‡iwbqv‡gi Aa©vqy 45 × 10 eQi| Gi Mo Avqy 8

wbY©q K‡iv|
8
T =45 ×1 0 y
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, 1
2

T 1 =0.693 τ Mo Avqy τ =?
2

45 ×1 08
ev, τ=
0.693
y

AZGe, Mo Avqy 6.49 ×1 0 y | 9

cÖkœ 25| †Kv‡bv †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i ÿq gvb 3.75 ×1 0 −3 −1

s Gi
Aa©Rxeb wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,

T 1=
0.693 ÿq aªæeK, λ=3.75 ×1 0 −3 −1
s
2
λ

0.693
Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=?
¿ =184.8 s
3.75× 10−3 s−1

AZGe, Aa©Rxeb 184.8 s|

cÖkœ 26| GKwU †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i ÿq aªæeK gvb 0.00432 s −1

Gi Aa©vqy KZ?
GLv‡b,
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,
0.693
ÿq aªæeK, λ=0.00432 s −1

T 1=
λ
2
Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=?

0.693
¿ =160.42 s
0.00432 s−1

AZGe, Aa©vqy 160.42 s|

cÖkœ 27| GKwU †ZRw¯Œq ‡gŠwjK c`v‡_©i Aa©vqy 4 d ,
c`v_©wUi ÿq aªæeK wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, Aa©vqy, T 1
2
=4 d

λ=
0.693
T1
ÿq aªæeK, λ=?
2

0.693
¿ =0.173 d−1
4d

AZGe, ÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb 0.173 d |−1

cÖkœ 28| †iwWqv‡gi Mo Rxeb 2341 y, Gi Aeÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb KZ?

mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, Aa©vqy, τ =2341 y
1 1
λ= =
τ 2341 y
=4.27 ×1 0−4 y−1
Aeÿq aªæeK, λ=?
AZGe, Aeÿq aªæe‡Ki gvb 4.27 × 10 −4
y−1 |

cÖkœ 29| GKwU †ZRw¯Œq c`v‡_©i ÿq aªæeK 0.000385/ s, Gi

Aa©vqy KZ?
GL‡b,
mgvavbt Avgiv Rvwb,
T =
0.693 ÿq aªæeK, λ=0.000385 s −1

1
λ
Aa©vqy, T
2
1 =?
2
0.693
¿
0.000385 s−1
¿ 800 s=30 min

AZGe, Aa©vqy 30 min|