Khairul’s Basic Math 829 Nb R¨vwgwZ

Nb R¨vwgwZ (Solid Geometry)

Nbe¯‘ (Solid):
‡h e¯‘i ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv (‡ea) Av‡Q Zv‡K Nbe¯‘ BU Q°v
e‡j †hgb: BU, eB, g¨vP e·, dzUej, BZ¨vw`

∆Nbe¯‘‡K K‡qK fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v:

K. NbK L.AvqZKvi Nbe¯‘ M.†KvYK N.†ejb O.†MvjK
K. NbK: (Cube) Cube
hw` AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ˆ`N¨©, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv mgvb nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K NbK e‡j| NbK
L. AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘ :
wZb †Rvov mgvšÍivj AvqZKvi mgZj ev c„ô Øviv Ave× Nbe¯‘‡K AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘ e‡j| †hgb: BU, eB|

eB

NbK I Nbe¯‘i cÖavb ‰ewkó¨mg~n

NbK I Nbe¯‘i 3wU gvÎv (dimension) Av‡Q|
h_v: ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’, I †ea ev D”PZv| GRb¨ ejv nq 3D e¯‘|
NbK I Nbe¯‘i Zj ev cvk© ev w`K ev c„ô = 6wU
G‡`i cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡Z †gvU 8wU †KŠwYK we›`y (Edge Point) _v‡K|
G‡`i avi (Edge line) ev evû 12wU
G‡`i cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡Z †gvU 24wU mg‡KvY _v‡K|
( cÖwZ Z‡j 4wU K‡i 6wU Z‡j 6×4 = 24wU mg‡KvY)

Formula: Nb‡Ki evû = a Ges Nbe¯‘i evû = a,b,c n‡j

bvg AvqZb 1wU c„‡ôi mgMÖ(6wU) c„ôZ‡ji GKwU Z‡ji KY© KY© (‰`‡N©¨i GKK)
(Nb GKK) †ÿÎdj †ÿÎdj (eM© GKK) (‰`‡N©¨i GKK) A_©vr ïay wgUvi|
NbK a×a×a = a3 a×a=a2 6a2 2a (e‡M©i K‡Y©i gZB) 3a
Nbe¯‘ a×b×c = abc ab ev, 2(ab+bc+ca) a 2 + b2 , b2 + c2 a 2 + b2 + c2
bc ev,
ca , c2 + a 2
(Avq‡Zi K‡Y©i gZB)
Khairul’s Basic Math 830 Nb R¨vwgwZ

Nbe¯‘ I Nb‡Ki Dci wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖkœ

GB Ask †_‡K me‡_‡K †ewk cÖkœ n‡q _v‡K ZvB NbK I Nbe¯‘i cÖkœ¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡mnKv‡i ey‡S ey‡S c‡o †djyb|

1. GKwU Nb‡Ki cÖwZwU avi 3 ‡m.wg. n‡j Nb‡Ki K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ KZ †m.wg. ?
K. 2 3 L. 3 2 M. 3 3 N. 9 DËi: M
mgvavb:
E G
‡h‡nZz Nb‡Ki KY© = 3a ‡hLv‡b a = GKevûi ˆ`N©¨|
A D
myZivs GLv‡b GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ 3 nIqvq Nb‡Ki KY© = 3 3
cÖgvY †`‡L wb‡j mn‡R fz‡j hv‡eb bv: 3a
a
cv‡ki wPÎwU †`Lyb: Nb‡Ki wb‡Pi Zj BCHF e‡M©i KY© 2a F H
Avevi Nb‡Ki GKevû = a nIqvq EF = a, 2a
GLb Nb‡Ki KY© EC n‡jv EFC mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri AwZfzR| Zvn‡j B C
EFC mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡R, EC2 = FC2+EF2 (cx_v‡Mviv‡mi m~Îvbymv‡i) GLv‡b Nb‡Ki KY©wU n‡jv f~wgi GKwU
2 2 2 2
EC = ( 2a) 2 +a ev, EC = 2a +a ev, EC = 3a 2 2 2 †KŠwYK we›`y †_‡K Zvi wecixZ Z‡ji
me‡P‡q `~‡ii †KŠwYK we›`yi ms‡hvRK
∴ Nb‡Ki KY© EC = 3a 2 = 3a GLv‡b a= 3 ZvB KY©= 3 3 mij‡iLv|
2. GKwU AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv h_vµ‡g a, b I c n‡j, Gi K‡Y©i ‰`N©¨-
K. a 2 + b2 + c2 L. a + b + c M. a + b + c N. abc DËi: K
mgvavb:∴ Nbe¯‘i K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = a +b +c
2 2 2

3. GKwU AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv h_vµ‡g 15cm, 10cm, I 6cm. Gi AvqZb KZ?
K. 500 cm3 L. 900 cm3 M. 1000 cm3 N. 1500 cm3 DËi: L
mgvavb:
AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i AvqZb = ˆ`N©¨ × cÖ¯’ ×D”PZv =15×10×6 Nb †m.wg. = 900 Nb †m.wg.

4. GKwU AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i cÖ¯’ I D”PZv h_vµ‡g 4 I 2 wgUvi, Gi AvqZb 40 NbwgUvi n‡j, Gi ‰`N©¨ KZ?
K. 3 wgUvi L. 4 wgUvi M. 5 wgUvi N. 8 wgUvi DËi: M
40
mgvavb: AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i AvqZb = ˆ`N©¨ × cÖ¯’ ×D”PZv = 40 ev, ˆ`N©¨ × 4 ×2 = 40 ∴ ‰`N©¨ = =5
8
5. AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ‰`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv mgvb n‡j Zv‡K ejv nq-
K. AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘ L. NbK M. mge„Ëf~wgK ‡ejb N. UªvwcwRqvg DËi: L
mgvavb:
AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ‰`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv mgvb n‡j Zv‡K NbK ejv nq|

6. GKwU Nb‡Ki avi x GKK n‡j NbKwUi mgMÖ c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj KZ eM© GKK? [avi = GKevû]
K. x2 L. 3x2 M. 4x2 N. 6x2 DËi: N
mgvavb: Nb‡Ki GK evû = x n‡j NbK Gi mgMÖ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj = 6x eM© GKK [mivmwi m~‡Îi cÖ‡qvM]
2
Khairul’s Basic Math 831 Nb R¨vwgwZ
7. GKwU Nb‡Ki m¤ú~Y© c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj = 96 eM©wgUvi| Gi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ (cÖvq) KZ wgUvi?
K. 6 L. 7 M. 7 N. 8 DËi: M
mgvavb: NbKwUi avi =a
∴m¤ú~Y© c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj = 6a2 ev, 96=6a2 ev, a2=16 ∴ GK evû a= 16 =4
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = 3a = 3 ×4 = 1.73×4 = 6.9 wgUvi| ev cÖvq 7 wgUvi|

8. GKwU Nb‡Ki KY© 6 3 | Gi mgMÖ c„ôZ‡ji †ÿÎdj KZ?

K. 216 L. 116 M. 316 N. 416 DËi: K
6
mgvavb: Nb‡Ki GK evû = a, myZivs Nb‡Ki KY© = 3a = 6 3 ⇒ a = × 3⇒a = 6
3
∴ mgMÖ c„‡ói †ÿÎdj = 6a2= 6.62=216 eM© GKK| www.prebd.com

9. GK Nbe¯‘yi KqwU Zj ev c„ô _v‡K _v‡K ?

K. 1wU L. 2 wU M. 3wU N. 6 wU DËi: N
10. NbK -Gi mgMÖZ‡ji †ÿÎdj KZ? [¯^v¯’¨ Awa`߇ii mnKvix c` 2004] (mivmwi my‡Îi cÖ‡qvM)
K) 5a2 eM© GKK L) 6a2 eM© GKK M) 8a2 eM© GKK M) 9a2 eM© GKK DËi: L
11. GKwU Nb‡Ki mg‡Kv‡Yi †gvU msL¨vÑ[cwievi cwiKíbv †gwW‡Kj Awdmvi:94]
K.4 L.8 M.18 N.24 DËi: N
12. GKwU Nb‡Ki avi 5 †m.wg. n‡j Dnvi AvqZb KZ?
mgvavb: avi 5 n‡j cÖwZwU evû I 5 †m.wg. Zvn‡j AvqZb n‡e, 53 = 125 Nb †m.wg. DËi:125 Nb †m.wg.
13. ‡Kv‡bv Nb‡Ki avi 10 †m. wg. n‡j, Zvi mgMÖZ‡ji †ÿÎdj KZ? [we‡kl wkÿK wbeÜb cixÿv 2010]
K) 75 eM© †m. wg. L) 100 eM© †m. wg. M) 600 eM© †m. wg. N) 300 eM© †m.wg. DËi: M
[Help: avi 10 A_© me¸‡jv evû 10 myZivs Nb‡Ki mgMÖZ‡ji ‡ÿÎdj = 6.102 = 6×100 = 600 ]

14. GKwU eB‡qi ‰`N¨© 25 †m. wg I cÖ¯’ 18 †m.wg | eBwUi c„ôv msL¨v 200 Ges cÖwZ cvZvi cyiyZ¡ 0.1 wg.wg n‡j eBwUi
AvqZb KZ ? [cÖwZiÿv gš¿Yvj‡qi mn: cwi: - 2018]
(K) 455 Nb †m.wg (L) 450 Nb †m.wg (M) 440 Nb †m.wg (N) 250 Nb †m.wg DËi: L
mgvavb:
200 c„ôv = 100 cvZv ( †h‡nZz 1 cvZv = 2 c„ôv)
1cvZvi cyiæZ¡ 0.1 wg.wg n‡j 100 cvZvi cyiæZ¡ = 0.1 ×100 = 10wg.wg. ev 1‡m.wg.(10wg.wg = 1 †m.wg.)
GLb eBwUi AvqZb = 25×18× 1 = 450 Nb ‡m.wg.

15. GKwU Nb‡Ki K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 4 3 ‡m.wg. n‡j, Dnvi †ÿÎdj KZ? DËi: 96 eM© †m.wg.
mgvavb: Nb‡Ki K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 2 2
3 a = 4 3 myZivs a=4 Zvn‡j ‡ÿÎdj = 6a = 6.4 = 6.16 = 96eM© †m.wg.

16. The length of the diagonal of a solid 30 cm long, 24 cm broad and 18 cm high, is: (30
†m.wg. j¤^v, 24 †m.wg PIov Ges 18 †mwg D”PZvi GKwU Nbe¯‘i K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ KZ?)
a.30 b.15 2 c.60 d.30 2 Ans: d
Solution:
Diagonal = (30 )2 + (24)2 + (18)2 = 1800 cm = 900 × 2 cm. = 30 2 cm.
Khairul’s Basic Math 832 Nb R¨vwgwZ
Confusion Clear:
‡ÿÎdj n‡jv hLb †Kvb wKQzi ïay ˆ`N©¨ Ges cÖ¯’ †`qv _vK‡e ZLb ˆ`N©¨ × cÖ¯’ = †ÿÎdj|
wKš‘ hLb GB ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i mv‡_ D”PZvI ¸Y nq ZLb Zv‡K †ÿÎdj (Area) bv e‡j AvqZb (Volume) e‡j|

Zvn‡j Nbe¯‘‡Z †ÿÎd‡ji K_v Av‡m KLb?

aiæb, GKUv KvM‡Ri e· GKUv RvqMvq ivL‡j hZUzKz ¯’vb `Lj K‡i †mUv Zvi AvqZb | wKš‘ †mB KvM‡Ri
e·Uv‡K wQ‡o 6 cv‡ki 6Uv cvU©‡K Avjv`v Ki‡j Zv Avi Nbe¯‘ _vK‡e bv eis ZLb H GK GKwU cv‡U©i ïay ‰`N©¨
I cÖ¯’ ¸Y K‡i †ÿÎdj †ei Kiv hv‡e|
17. 18″ DuPz GKwU ev‡·i ‰`N¨© 3 dzU Ges cÖ¯’ 2 dzU| ev·wUi AvqZb KZ? [ciivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v 2004]
K) 8 NbdzU L) 9 NbdzU M) 108 NbdzU N) 6 NbdzU DËi: L
mgvavb:
18″ = 1.5 dzU| †Kbbv Ab¨ `ywU dz‡U †`qv Av‡Q|
Zvn‡j e·wUi AvqZb n‡e abc = ‰`N©¨×cÖ¯’ × D”PZv = 1.5×3×2 = 9Nb dzU|
[Note: ‡R‡b ivLyb: 1′=1dzU wKš‘ 1′′ = 1 BwÂ|]
18. What is the volume of a cube that has a total surface area of 54? ( GKwU Nb‡Ki mgMÖ
c„ôZ‡ji ‡ÿÎdj 54 n‡j H Nb‡Ki AvqZb KZ?) (Agrani Bank Ltd. Seni Offi-2010)
a.9 b.27 c.54 d.81 Ans: b
Solution:
6a2 = 54⇒ a2 = 9 ⇒ a = 3 ∴ Volume of the cube = a3 = 33 = 27

19. The length of a box is 3 meters, breadth is 2 meters 50 centemeters and height is 2
meters. What is the Volume (AvqZb) of the box? (RAKUB Senior off:-2015)
a. 9 cubic meters. b. 12cubic meters
c. 15cubic meters. d. 15cubic meters. Ans: c & d both.
e¨vL¨v: 3×2.5×2 =15cubic meters. (KviY Volume ev AvqZb = ˆ`N©¨ × cÖ¯’ × D”PZv|)

20. GKwU AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i †ÿÎdj 2368 eM© †m.wg| Bnvi ˆ`N¨©, cÖ¯’ I D”PZvi AbycvZ 6:5:4 n‡j, ˆ`N¨© KZ?
K.20 L.16 M.18 N.24 DËi: N
mgvavb:
awi, Nbe¯‘i ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv h_vµ‡g 6x,5x Ges 4x
Avgiv Rvwb, Nbe¯‘i mgMÖ c„ôZ‡ji †ÿÎdj = 2(ab+bc+ca)
cÖkœg‡Z,
2{(6x×5x) + (5x×4x) + (4x×6x)} = 2368
ev, 2{30x2+20x2+24x2}=2368
1184
ev, 74x2 = 1184 ev, x2 = 74 = 16 ∴ x = 4
myZivs AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ˆ`N¨© = 6×4 = 24 DËi: 24

21. GKwU Nb‡Ki m¤ú~Y© c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj 48 eM© wg. n‡j| K‡Y©i ‰`N¨© KZ ? [wb‡R Kiæb]
a.2 2 b. 2 6 c. 2 3 d.2 DËi:b
Khairul’s Basic Math 833 Nb R¨vwgwZ
22. GKwU Nb‡Ki QqwU c„ôZ‡ji †ÿÎdj 216 eM© †m.wg. n‡j, NbKwUi AvqZb KZ? [6ô wbeÜb cixÿv 2010]
K) 64 Nb †m.wg L) 126 Nb †m.wg. M) 216 Nb †m.wg. N) 316 Nb †m.wg DËi: M
mgvavb:
†h‡nZz QqwU c„ôZ‡ji †ÿÎdj = 6a2 = 216, ev, a2= 216÷6 = 36
Zvn‡j a = 6 GLb AvqZb n‡e a3 = 63 = 216 DËi: 216 Nb †m.wg.

23. What is the Volume (AvqZb) of a cube whose surface area (Nb‡Ki Zj Gi †ÿÎdj) is 96?
(RAKUB Senior off:-2015)
a.52 b.48 c.64 d. 60 Ans: c
e¨vL¨v:
cÖkœwU LyeB mnR wKš‘ A_© bv †evSvi Kvi‡b Ges Uvg©¸‡jv Rvbv bv _vKvi Kvi‡b A‡b‡KB fzj K‡ib|
Surface area of a cube A_© nj Nb‡Ki Zj Gi †ÿÎdj, hvi myÎ= 6a2 = 96 so, a2 = 16 or a = 4
Zvici Volume A_© nj AvqZb hvi myÎ nj a3 = 43 =64 DËi: 64.

24. A cube has a volume of 8m3. If each side is doubled in length, what will be its new
volume? (BB Ass: Director-:-11)
Solution:
If volume of a cube is 8m3 then a3 = 8, per side a = 3 8 = 2 , When each side is doubled then
each new side is=2×2= 4 and new volume is 43 = 64m3 Ans: 64m3
25. 4 wgUvi e¨vm wewkó GKwU ej‡K GKwU Nbev‡· ivLv hvq Ggb Nbev‡·i AvqZb wbY©q Kiæb|
K. 72 L. 64 M. 84 N. 36 DËi: L

mgvavb:
e‡ji e¨vm = 4 wgUvi = Nbev‡·i GKevû (KviY ejwU Nbe‡·i Pvicv‡k †j‡M Av‡Q)
∴ Nbev‡·i AvqZb = ˆ`N©¨ × cÖ¯’ × D”PZv = 4 × 4 × 4 = 64 N. wg.
4 wgUvi

26. GKwU wngvMvi‡K bevqb Kivi mgq Gi ˆ`N©¨ 30% I cÖ¯’ 50% evov‡bv nj Ges Gi D”PZv 20% Kgv‡bv nj|
bevqbK…Z wngvMv‡ii AvqZb cy‡iv‡bv wngvMv‡ii †_‡K kZKiv KZ Ask †ewk ? [BADC (AO)-2017]
a. 56% b. 50% c. 45 % d. 65% Ans: a
Solution:
cÖ_‡g ˆ`N¨©, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv 10, 10 Ges 10 n‡j AvqZb = 10×10×10 = 1000
bZzb ‰`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv = 13, 15 Ges 8 myZivs bZzb AvqZb = 13×15×8 = 1560
560 × 100
AvqZb e„w× cvq 1560-1000 = 560 | e„w×i kZKiv nvi = = 56%
1000

[civgk©: A‡bK †ewk wn‡m‡ei †ÿ‡Î 100 a‡i wn‡me Kivi †P‡q 10 a‡i wn‡me Kiv mnR]
Khairul’s Basic Math 834 Nb R¨vwgwZ
‡PŠev”Pv‡Z cvwbi aviY ÿgZv:
GB AskUzKz A‡bK mnR n‡jI A‡b‡K Nb wgUvi Avi Nb ‡mw›UwgUv‡ii wn‡me Ki‡Z wM‡q ¸wj‡q †d‡jb| ZvB wPÎ mn
we¯ÍvwiZ eywS‡q †`qv n‡jv| 10 wgwbU co‡j Avi mgm¨v _vK‡e bv|

cv‡ki wPÎ `ywU †`Lyb: `ywUB GKB gv‡ci †PŠev”Pv | GLb wgUvi a‡i wn‡me Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e A D
1wg.×1wg.×1wg. = 1 Nb wgUvi|
g‡b ivLyb: 1 Nb wgUvi RvqMvq 1000 wjUvi cvwb a‡i| 1m 1m
GLvb 2q wPÎwUI GKB AvqZ‡bi wKš‘ 1 wgUvi = 100 †m.wg. †`qv Av‡Q| B 1m C
Zvn‡j †m.wg. G AvqZb n‡e: 100×100×100 = 1000000 Nb †m.wg. Avevi cvwb ai‡e H
1000 wjUvi B| A_©vr 1000000 Nb †m.wg. †Z 1000 wjUvi cvwb ai‡j A D
1000 × 1000 100cm 100cm
1000 Nb †m.wg †Z cvwb ai‡e = = 1 wjUvi|
1000000
Zvn‡j GK jvB‡b ejv hvq: 1m3 = 1000 litre Ges 1 litre = 1000 cm3 B 100cm C
‡KD hw` fzj K‡i †m.wg. †K wgUvi evwb‡q Zvici wn‡me Ki‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j?
Zvn‡j Nb wgUv‡ii mv‡_ 0000000 ( 6wU k~b¨ †hvM K‡i wn‡me Ki‡Z n‡e)

fzj n‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b: 1 wgUvi = 100 †m.wg.

Zvn‡j 1 NbwgUvi = 100 Nb ‡m.wg. w`‡j fzj n‡e| KviY Nb A_© wZbevi 100 K‡i ¸Y|
Zvn‡j 1 Nb wgUvi = 1000000 Nb †m.wg.|

GLb wb‡Pi cÖkœ mgvavb ¸‡jv †`L‡jB GiKg cÖ‡kœ Avi mgm¨v _vK‡e bv|
27. GKwU AvqZvKvi Nbe¯‘i ‰`N¨© 5 wg , cÖ¯’ 3 wg Ges D”PZv 2 wg n‡j e¯‘wU KZ wjUvi cvwb Øviv c~Y© n‡e ?
K.10000wj. L.20000wj. M.30000wj. N.40000wj. DËi: M
mgvavb:
Nbe¯ÍywUi AvqZb = 5×3×2 = 30Nb wg.
GLb 1 NbwgUv‡i †h‡nZz 1000 wjUvi cvwb a‡i, Zvn‡j 30 NbwgUv‡i †gvU cvwb ai‡e 30×1000 = 30000 wj.
28. GKwU †PŠev”Pvi ˆ`N¨© 5 wgUvi, cÖ¯’ 4 wgUvi Ges MfxiZv 3 wgUvi| †PŠev”PvwU c~Y© Ki‡Z KZ wjUvi cvwb jvM‡e?
[gva¨wgK mnKvix wb‡qvM cixÿv 2003] [Help:5×4×3 = 60Nb wg. Gici 60×1000 = 60000 wjUvi.]
K) 60 wjUvi L) 3600 wjUvi M) 60000 wjUvi N) 36000 DËi: M

29. GKwU †PŠev”Pvi ˆ`N¨©, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv 0.1wgUvi K‡i| H †PŠev”Pvq KZ NbwgUvi cvwb ai‡e? [_vbv wkÿv Awdmvi 96]
K.0.1 Nb wgUvi L. 0.01 Nb wgUvi M. 0.001 Nb wgUvi N. 1 Nb wgUvi DËi: M
[Help: †PŠev”Pvi AvqZb =‰`N¨© × cª¯’ × D”PZv ‡ei K‡i Dc‡ii wbq‡g wn‡me Kiæb]

30. GKwU †PŠev”Pvi ˆ`N©¨ 3 wg. cÖ¯’ 2 wg. I D”PZv 4 wg. n‡j G‡Z KZ wjUvi cvwb ai‡e? (RAKUB officer-2015)
K. 26000 L. 25000 M. 24000 N. 23000 DËi: M
31. GKwU †PŠev”Pvi ‰`N©¨ 10 wgUvi, cÖ¯’ 5 wgUvi Ges MfxiZv 40‡m.wg.| †PŠev”PvwUi aviY ÿgZv KZ? [ivóªvqZ¡ e¨vsK
wmwbqi AwdmviÔ98 ] [Help: 10×5×.4 = 20 Nb wg. = 20×1000 = 20000 wj.]
K.65000wj. L.70000wj. M.20,000wj. N.75000wj. DËi: M
Khairul’s Basic Math 835 Nb R¨vwgwZ
32. GKwU †PŠev”Pvq 8000wjUvi cvwb a‡i| †PŠev”PvwUi ‰`N¨© 3.50 wgU
wgUvi, cÖ¯’ 1.50 wgUvi n‡j Gi MfxiZv KZ wgUvi?
[BSC- Combined-(So)- Exam – 2018 (Set-A)]
a. 75 wgUvi b. 6 wgUvi c. 1.52 wgUvi d. 2.5 wgUvi Ans: c
Solution:
1Nb wgUvi = 1000 wjUvi cvwb|
myZivs 8000 wjUvi = 8 Nb wgUvi| (Gfv‡e Av‡M AvqZb †ei K‡i †bqv n‡jv|)
GLb,
GLb, ‡PŠev”PvwUi ˆ`N©¨ = 3.50 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 1.5 wgUvi
Zvn‡j awi, D”PZv = K
cÖkœg‡Z,
3.5×1.5×K = 8 (‰`N©¨×cÖ¯’×D”PZv = ‡PŠev”Pvi AvqZb )
8
ev, K = = 1.52 wgUvi DËi; 1.52 wgUvi
3.5 × 1.5

33. GKwU †PŠev”Pvq 19200 wjUvi cvwb a‡i| Gi MfxiZv 2.56 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 2.5 wgUvi n‡j ‰`N©¨ KZ ? [cÖwZiÿv
gš¿Yvj‡qi mn: cwi: - 2018]
(K) 4wgUvi (L) 6wgUvi (M) 3wgUvi (N) 14wgUvi DËi: M
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, 1000 wjUvi = 1 NbwgUvi ♦g‡b ivLyb: Nb wgUvi I Nb †m.wg. hv w`‡q
1 myweav n‡e Zv w`‡q wn‡me Ki‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
∴1 Ó = NbwgUvi
1000
1 × 19200
∴ 19200 Ó = NbwgUvi = 19.2 NbwgUvi
1000
A_©vr ‡PŠev”PvwUi
ev”PvwUi AvqZb Zvi aviY ÿgZv Abyhvqx = 19.2 Nb wgUvi|
GLb awi †PŠev”PvwUi ‰`N©¨ = K wgUvi ( †h‡nZz MfxiZv 2.56wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 2.5 wgUvi ‡`qv Av‡Q)
cÖkœg‡Z, 2.56 ×2.5 × K = 19.22 Nb wgUvi|
19.2
ev, 6.4 K = 19.2 ev, K = ∴K = 3 wgUvi| myZivs †PŠev”PvwUi D”PZv = 3 wgUvi|
6.4

‡ejb: (Cylinder):
GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †h †Kv‡bv GKwU evû‡K w¯’i †i‡L H evûi PZzw`©‡K AvqZ‡ÿÎwU‡K Nyiv‡j †h Nbe¯‘ Drcbœ nq
Zv‡K mge„ËfzwgK ‡ejb e‡j|
∆¸iæZ¡c~Y© myÎ:
GKwU †ej‡bi e„ËvKvi fzwgi e¨vmva© r Ges D”PZv h n‡j,
(i) †ej‡bi bi AvqZb = f~wgi †ÿÎdj × D”PZv = πr2h Nb GKK |
[ev¯Í‡e Gfv‡e fveyb: e„‡Ëi †ÿÎdj Gi mv‡_ D”PZv ¸Y| LviY e„ËvKvi A‡bK¸‡jv
¯‘c ‰Zix n‡j Zv †ej‡bi gZ †`Lvq|]
(ii) ‡ej‡bi eµ c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj =f~wgi cwiwa×D”PZv =2πrh eM© GKK
(iii) ‡ej‡bi mgMÖ c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj = eµc„‡ôi †ÿÎdj+ ``yB cÖv‡šÍi †ÿÎdj =(2πrh+2πr2) =2π πr(h+r) eM© GKK
2
(iv) ‡ej‡bi `yB cÖv‡šÍi ‡gvU †ÿÎdj=2πr eM© GKK [KviY `ycv‡k `ywU e„ËvKvi XvKbv _v‡K|]
ev¯Íe D`vniY: †jvnv ev cøvw÷‡Ki †h †Kvb cvBc, cvwbi Wªvg, Kzqv, Uv‡bj me¸‡jvB †ej‡bi D`vniY|
Khairul’s Basic Math 836 Nb R¨vwgwZ
34. 10 †m.wg D”PZv wewkó GKwU †ej‡bi f~wgi e¨vm 8 †m.wg. †ej‡bi AvqZb KZ? DËi: 160π Nb †m.wg.
mgvavb:
GLv‡b †ejbwUi D”PZv h = 10†m.wg. Ges e¨vmva© r = 8÷2 = 4†m.wg.
myZivs ‡ejbwUi AvqZb = πr2h = π×42×10 = 160π Nb †m.wg.
35. ‡Kvb Kzqvi MfxiZv 10 wgUvi Ges e¨vmva© 1 wgUvi n‡j H Kzqvi AvqZb KZ? [ 6ô cÖfv wbeÜb cixÿv 2010]
K) 100π NbwgUvi L) 10π NbwgUvi M) 1000 NbwgUvi N) π3 DËi: L
mgvavb: KzqvwUi D”PZv h = 10 wgUvi Ges e¨vmva© r = 1 wg.
myZivs KzqvwUi AvqZb = πr2h = π×12×10 = 10π Nb wgUvi|
36. ‡ej‡bi eµc„‡ôi †ÿÎdj -
K. πr2 L. 2πr+h M. 2πrh N. 2π(r+h) DËi: M
mgvavb:
cv‡ki †jvnvi cvZwU evuKv K‡i †gvov‡jv GKwU †ej‡bi eµc~ô ˆZix n‡e|
h
‡hLvb, †MvjvKvi †ej‡Yi cwiwa n‡e 2πr Ges D”PZv n‡e h
myZivs GB cvZwUi ‡ÿÎdjB n‡jv eµc„‡ôi †ÿÎdj| GLv‡b †ÿÎdj = 2πr×h=2πrh
2πr
37. GKwU †ej‡bi eµc„‡ôi †ÿÎdj 100 eM© †m.wg. Ges AvqZb 150 Nb †m.wg. n‡j Dnvi f~wg e„‡Ëi e¨vmva© KZ?
mgvavb: †ej‡bi AvqZb = πr2h = 150 ----(i)Ges
‡ej‡bi eµ c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj =2πrh = 100 ev, πrh = 50----------( ii)
GLb (i) bs mgxKiY‡K (ii) bs w`‡q fvM Ki‡j cvIqv hv‡e [Gfv‡e GKUv‡Z ¯‹qvi ev wKDe _vK‡j fvM Ki‡Z nq|]
∴r = 3 myZivs †ej‡bi e¨vmva© r = 3 †m.wg
38. GKwU Kzqvi MfxiZv 14 wgUvi Ges e¨vm 28 wgUvi| cÖwZ NbwgUvi 5 UvKv wn‡m‡e H Kzqvi gvwU Lbb Ki‡Z †gvU KZ
UvKv LiP n‡e?
mgvavb: [‡h †Kvb mgq LiP †ei Ki‡Z ejv n‡j Av‡M AvqZb †ei K‡i UvKv ¸Y Ki‡Z nq]
KzqvwUi MfxiZv 14 wgUvi A_© D”PZv h = 14 wgUvi, e¨vm 28wgUvi n‡j Gi e¨vmva© r = 28÷2 = 14 wgUvi|
22
myZivs KzqvwUi AvqZb = πr2h = π×142×14 = × 14 × 14 × 14 = 8624 Nb wgUvi|
7
cÖwZ NbwgUv‡i 5 UvKv wn‡m‡e †gvU LiP: 8624×5 = 43120 UvKv| DËi: 43,120

[m~Î Rvbv _vK‡j Nb R¨vwgwZi †h †Kvb cÖkœ mgvavb Kiv A‡bK mnR| wKš‘ m~Î g‡b bv _vK‡j A‡bK mnR
cÖkœI A‡bK RwUj g‡b n‡e| ZvB ey‡S ey‡S m~Î ¸‡jv g‡b ivLvi †Póv Kiæb|]

39. GKwU g‡Mi wfZ‡ii AvqZb 1500 Nb †mw›UwgUvi n‡j, 270 wjUv‡ii KZ gM cvwb n‡e ? [7g †kÖYx-(Aby:3)]
mgvavb: [g‡Mi AvqZb wVK †ej‡bi AvqZ‡bi gZ n‡e]
1500
GLv‡b, g‡Mi wfZ‡ii AvqZb= 1500 Nb ‡mw›UwgUvi = wjUvi = 1.5 wjUvi| [Q 1000 Nb ‡m.wg. = 1 wj.]
1000
‡gvU cvwb 270 270 × 10
g‡Mi msL¨v = g‡Mi wfZ‡ii AvqZb = = =180
1.5 15
∴ 180 gM cvwb n‡e| [A_©vr 1 g‡M 1.5 wjUvi cvwb ai‡j 270 wjUvi cvwb ai‡e 180wU g‡M] DËi: 180
Khairul’s Basic Math 837 Nb R¨vwgwZ
‡KvYK (Cone):
‡Kv‡bv mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri mg‡KvY msjMœ †h †Kv‡bv GK
GKwU
wU evû‡K w¯’i †i‡L H evûi PZyw`©‡K wÎfzRwU‡K †Nviv‡j †h
Nbe¯‘ Drcbœ nq, Zv‡K mge„Ëf~wg‡K †KvYK e‡j|
1 1
‡KvY‡Ki AvqZb = × (f~wgi †ÿÎdj × D”PZv) A_©vr, πr2h Nb GKK h
3 3
r
‡KvY‡Ki mgMÖ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj = eµ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj + f~wgi ‡ÿÎdj = (πrl+πr2)
wPÎ: mge„Ëf~wgK †KvYK

40. mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri mg‡KvY msjMœ †h †Kv‡bv GKwU evû‡K w¯’i †i‡L H evûi PZzw`©‡K wÎfzRwU‡K †Nviv‡j
†Nvi †h Nbe¯‘
Drcbœ nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? [gva¨wgK mnKvix wkÿK wb‡qvM cixÿv 2001] DËi: †KvYK
41. GKwU †KvY‡Ki f~wgi e¨vmva© 5 †m.wg G
Ges D”PZv 12 †m.wg. n‡j, Gi †njv‡bv D”PZv KZ? [ 6ô wbeÜb cixÿv 2010]
mgvavb:
mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri gZB| mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri AwZfzRB n‡”Q ‡KvY‡Ki †njvb| Zvn‡j cx_v‡Mviv‡mi myÎvbyhvqx 2 evû 12
I 5 n‡j AwZfzR 13 n‡e| DËi: 13 †m.wg.

42. GKwU †KvY‡Ki e¨vm 10 †m.wg. Ges DD”PZv 12 †m.wg. n‡j, †njv‡bv Z‡ji ˆ`N¨© KZ?
K.10 L.12 M.13 N.15 DËi: M
[e¨vm = 10 n‡j e¨vmva© = 5 n‡e| Gici mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri evûi AbycvZ: 5:12:13 wn‡m‡e †njvb n‡e 13]

43. GKwU mge„Ëf~wgK †KvY‡Ki D”PZv 8 †m.wg Ges f~wgi e¨vmva© 6 †m.wg.| Gi m¤ú~Y© Z‡ji †ÿÎdj
dj KZ?
mgvavb:
‡KvY‡Ki mgMÖ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj = eµ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj + f~wgi ‡ÿÎdj = (πrl+πr2)
cÖ‡kœ cÖ`Ë K¬z Abyhvqx πr2 = π62 = 36π
wKš‘ πrl Gi myÎ cÖ‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ l = ‡njv‡bi D”PZv Rvb‡Z n‡e|

Avgviv Rvwb †KvY‡Ki †njv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ n‡”Q mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri AwZfz‡Ri gZ|
ZvB l2 = 82 +62 ∴l = 10 [mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡Ri Abycv‡Zi gvb †_‡K mivmwi|] 8 l
Zvn‡j πrl = π×6×10 = 60π 6
GLb, ‡KvY‡Ki mgMÖ Z‡ji †ÿÎdj = 36π + 60π = 96π Ans:
‡MvjK:(Sphere):
‡Kv‡bv Aa©e„‡Ëi e¨vm‡K Aÿ a‡i Aa©e„ËwU‡K H e¨v‡mi Pviw`‡K †Nviv‡j †h Nbe¯‘i mm„„wó nq, Zv‡K †MvjK e‡j|

∆‡Mvj‡Ki myÎ: ( †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© r n‡j)

4
‡Mvj‡Ki AvqZb = πr3 Nb GKK|
3
‡Mvj‡Ki c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj = 4πr2
mswkøó cÖkœ:
44. GKwU †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© 5 †mwg. n‡j Gi c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj KZ?
K. 80π eM© †mwg. L. 100
100π eM© †mwg. M. 200π eM© †mwg N.300π eM© †mwg. DËi: L

mgvavb: ‡Mvj‡Ki c„‡ôi †ÿÎdj = 4πr2 =π×4×52=100π

Khairul’s Basic Math 838 Nb R¨vwgwZ
45. GKwU †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© /e¨vm 3 ¸Y e„w× †c‡j †ÿÎdj KZ ¸Y e„w× cv‡e ?
K. 6 L.9 M.7 N.3 DËi:L
mgvavb: e¨vm 3 ¸b e„w× †c‡j †ÿÎdj =3×3 = 9 ¸Y e„w× cv‡e | (kU©KvU© 32 = 9 ¸Y|)
46. `ywU †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmv‡a©i AbycvZ 3:2 n‡j Zv‡`i AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ KZ? [cÖwZiÿv gš¿Yvjq mnKvix Awa`ßi]
mgvavb:
4 4
awi, eo †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© = 3r Zvn‡j eo †Mvj‡Ki AvqZb = π(3r)3 = π×27r3
3 3
4 4
Ges †QvU †Mvj‡Ki e¨vmva© = 2r Zvn‡j †QvU †Mvj‡Ki AvqZb = π(2r)3 = π×8r3
3 3
4 4
`yB †Mvj‡Ki AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ: = π×27r3: π×8r3 = 27:8 DËi: 27:8
3 3

♦kU©KvU: e¨vmv‡a©i AbycvZ †_‡K AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ †ei Kivi Rb¨

(e¨vmv‡a©i AbycvZ)3 = AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ [33:23 = 27:8]

47. GKwU dzUe‡ji e¨vm 10 Bw n‡j dzUejwUi AvqZb KZ? [gva¨wgK mnKvix cixÿv 2002] |
K. 31.416 eM© Bw L. 78.54 Bw M. 314.16 NbBw N. 523.60 NbBw DËi: N
10
mgvavb: dzUe‡ji e¨vmva© = Bw = 5 BwÂ
2
4 4 22
∴dzUe‡ji AvqZb = π(5)3 Nb Bw = × × 125 = 523.81 Nb Bw ( cÖvq)
3 3 7

AwZwi³ cvV:
♦ Aa©‡MvjK (Hemisphere):
2 3
1.Volume = πr cubic units
3
2.Curved surface area (2πr2) sq.

3.Total surface area (3πr2) sq.

♦wÎfzRvK…wZ wcivwgW:Triangular prism :

(i)Volume: area of triangle or Base×height =
1 L×W×H
( × L × W ) × Height or
2 2
(ii)Surface area= PH+2B
Here: P = perimeter of triangle and H = Height
B = area of triangle
Khairul’s Basic Math 839 Nb R¨vwgwZ

wjwLZ cÖkœ
1. †jvnv cvwbi Zzjbvq 7.5 ¸Y fvwi| GKLÛ †jvnvi cvZ 3 wgUvi j¤^v , 2 wgUvi PIov I 1 †mwg. cyiæ | †jvnvi cv‡Zi
IRb KZ? [wewfbœ gš¿Yvj‡qi ( cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZ©v)-(gyw³:‡KvUv-2018-(wjwLZ)]
mgvavb:
†jvnvi cv‡Zi ˆ`N©¨ = 3 wgUvi = 300 ‡mwg. [ 1 wgUvi = 100 †mwg.] [‡h‡nZI cyiæZ¡ ‡m.wg. G †`qv Av‡Q]
†jvnvi cv‡Zi PIov = 2 wgUvi = 200 †mwg.
∴ †jvnvi cyiæZ¡ = 1 †mwg.
∴ †jvnvi cv‡Zi AvqZb = ( 300× 200 × 1) Nb †mwg. = 60000 Nb †mwg.
Avgiv Rvwb, 1 Nb‡mwg. cvwbi IRb = 1MÖvg [Av‡Mi cÖkœ¸‡jv‡Z aviY ÿgZv wQj wKš‘ GLv‡b IRb ]
∴ 60000 Ó Ó Ó = 60000 MÖvg
∴‡jvnvi cv‡Zi IRb = ( 60000 × 7.5 ) MÖvg = 450000 MÖvg = 450 †KwR DËi:450 †KwR|
2. A semi circular sheet of metal of diameter 28 cm is bent into an open conical cup. Find
the depth and capacity of cup? (28 ‡mwg e¨v‡mi GKwU Aa©e„ËvKvi avZzi cvZ evuwK‡q †KvYK AvK…wZi Kvc
ˆZwi Kiv n‡jv| KvcwUi MfxiZv I aviY ÿgZv wbY©q Kiæb?) [Bangladesh Bank (Officer) – 2018-(Written)]+
[38 Zg wewmGm (wjwLZ) ]
28
Solution : Let, radius of the sheet = r So, diameter,2r = 28 cm. So, radius, r = = 14cm
2
2πr 22
Circumference of semicircle = = × 14 = 44cm [m¤ú~Y© e„‡Ëi cwiwai A‡a©K n‡e Aa©e„‡Ëi cwiwa]
2 7
Circumference of base of cone , 2πr = 44 cm (Aa©e„ˇK euvKv Ki‡j Aa©e„‡Ëi cwiwaUvB †eu‡K wM‡q Kv‡ci
44 × 7 44 cm
Dc‡ii ‡MvjvKvi As‡ki cwiwa n‡e| ) ⇒ r = = 7cm
2 × 22
Radius of semi circle sheet = Slant height of conical cup, L= 14cm
(Aa©‡MvjvKvi cvZwU evuKv Ki‡j Zvi e¨vmwUi A‡a©K A_©vr e¨vmva© `ycv‡k G‡m R‡qb n‡q
†KvYK AvK…wZ Kv‡ci †njv‡bi ˆ`N¨© n‡e| ‡hgb ev`vg wewµi KvM‡Ri `y‡Uv cvk wg‡j hvq d = 28 cm
‡h ¯’v‡b †mB RvqMvwUi ˆ`N©¨| wb‡Pi wP‡Î †`Lyb L= 14 hv Av‡M r=14 wQj) Semi circle
Let, the radios of the cup = r and depth = h
Conical cup
We know that , L2= r2+h2 (KviY GKwU mg‡KvY‡K †Nvov‡j ‡KvYK ˆZix nq)
⇒ h 2 = L2 - r 2 ⇒ h = (14) 2 − (7) 2 = 196 − 49 = 147 = 7 3 r=7
44 cm

So, the depth of the cup = 7 3 h 7 3

L=14

1 2
Capacity of conical cup = Volume of cone = πr h
3
1 22 2 1 22 22 × 49 1078
= × ×7 × 7 3 = × ×7×7×7 3= = or, 622.37 cm2
3 7 3× 3 7 3 3
Ans: 7 3 and 622.37 cm2
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