2018 3rd International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Microsystems
Analysis of Transient Stability with SSSC and UPFC with Multi-Band PSS in Two
Area Multi-Machine System
Abubakar Siddique1, Yonghai XU1, Waseem Aslam1, Muhammad Rasheed2, Maham Fatima2
1
School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 102206, Beijing, China
2Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Pakistan
e-mail: engr.abs@yahoo.com
Abstract—Power system stability plays a vital role in the
growth of large interconnected power systems. Today‘s power
system continues to expand in an exponential way due to an
extensively automated need of both domestic and industrial
needs. The ever-growing demand of power system network has
resulted in rotor angle oscillations and voltage instability. In
this paper, Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and
Unified power flow controller (UPFC) are employed to analyze
the transient stability of the power network with multi-band
power system stabilizer (MB-PSS). The two area four machine
power network has been considered to illustrate the
performance of UPFC and SSSC in coordination with MB-PSS.
To investigate the achievements of the designed system
simulation has been carried out in MATLAB/Simulink
software. The simulation results show that UPFC with MB-
PSS controller gives a better improvement in transient stability
compared with SSSC coordinated with MB-PSS.
Keywords-component; FACTS; MB-PSS;
MATLAB/Simulink; SSSC; Transient Stability; UPFC
I. INTRODUCTION
Today's power system network is highly interconnected
in which synchronous generators rotate at the same speed
and also the power flow in transmission lines should be free
from oscillations during normal conditions [1]. When a
small interruption appears in the power network, it leads to
low-frequency electromechanical oscillations. Due to these
oscillations, the power system variables like line frequency,
Bus voltages, Line currents and generator speeds also
becomes oscillatory. For enhancement in the reliability of
the power system and to increase the generation capacity,
the synchronous generators are interconnected, which
resulted in a power system oscillations of around 1-2 Hz [2],
[3].
The generator rotor is provided with damper windings to
damp the amplitude of oscillations. For enhancing the
response of the generators and to maintain synchronism, fast
excitation systems were then introduced, but it led to the
reduction in damping of oscillations. Therefore excitation
systems with Power System Stabilizers (PSS) were widely
used to damp these oscillations [4], [5].
During the 1960s, the power stations were highly
interconnected for economic reasons and to improve the
reliability of power supply. But these interconnections
resulted in low-frequency oscillations (0.1 - 1 Hz) in which
the generators of one area swing against the generators of
neighboring areas. These low-frequency oscillations
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prevented further development of highly interconnected
networks. The growth of large interconnected power
systems demands faster response to maintain stability. For
economic reasons and to have high reliability,
interconnections are unavoidable and therefore the power
system oscillations are also inevitable. However, these
oscillations decay with respect to time. Small changes in
load in power system network initiate power system
oscillations and during large disturbances, it becomes worse
[6], [7].
Since 1960s numerous theoretical studies and field tests
have been conducted by power engineers regarding the
stability issues. According to the nature of power system
oscillations, controllers are developed to increase the
damping torque. The damping of power oscillations is
possible by using power system stabilizers and FACTS
devices. Power system stabilizers are incorporated in
generator excitation systems and are used to damp the
generator electro-mechanical oscillations by taking
generator speed and electrical power as inputs.
Therefore it is also necessary to develop computationally
intelligent controllers based FACTS devices for faster and
accurate control action [8-10]. The target of this paper is to
analyze stability enhancements in power system network by
FACTS devices SSSC and UPFC.
In this paper, Static synchronous series compensator
(SSSC) and Unified power flow controller (UPFC) are
employed to analyze the transient stability of the power
system with and without multi-band power system stabilizer
(MB-PSS). The rest arrangement of the remaining paper is
succeeded as follows: section 2 describes a schematic of
SSSC, UPFC, and MB-PSS. Section 3 presents the
MATLAB/Simulation model of SSSC and UPFC. Results
and discussion are described in section 4. Lastly, a
conclusion has been described.
II. MODELING
A. SSSC
SSSC is voltage source converter (VSC), it is linked in
series with the power line. By this connection SSSC control
transfer of power correctly in a line. In [7] the SSSC control
parameters, angle and degree of the voltage of the series
converters are shown as independent variables and their
values are determined by the conventional load flow
iterative procedure. Therefore SSSC controls a wide range
of power through a transmission line. The basic construction
of an SSSC is denoted in Fig. 1.
 Figure 1. Schematic of an SSSC
B. UPFC
The schematic configuration of the UPFC is given in Fig. 2.
UPFC linked to a transmission line with voltage source converters
(VSC) names as shunt converters and series converters. They are
interconnected by dint of a common dc link storage element.
Commonly, the shunt VSC is treated as STATCOM and series one
as SSSC. The transformers associated at the output of converters to
give the isolation, customize voltage/current levels and also to
avoid dc link storage element being shorted due to the operation
of different switches. The real power can transmit in both
directions through DC link which provides connections to these
converters. Reactive absorb or generate through these converters
independently at its owned AC output terminal. The current
flowing through the line and voltage source converter can
exchange reactive and active power in the electrical network.
Figure 2. Schematic of UPFC
C. Multi-band Power System Stabilizer
Figure 3. Control system block diagram of MB- Controller
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MB-controller shown in Fig. 3, composed of three types
of filters namely, low-pass filter, intermediate-pass filter,
and high-pass filter, which remove the local
electromechanically disturbance, generated between
networks and global electromechanically oscillations
generated in the synchronized system. MB is designed to
mitigate all form electromechanical oscillation generated in
a power network.
D. Multi-Machine Two-Area Power Network
In this paper two area multimachine system is
considered for analysis of transient stability, shown in Fig. 4
& Fig. 5, for both SSSC and UPFC. The considered test
system consists of two areas which are linked with one
another with the help of a weak tie line. This line elongated
up to 220 km, each generator is rated as 900MVA/20KV.
Figure 4. Two area multi-machine system with SSSC
Figure 5. Two area multi-machine system with UPFC
III. MATLAB SIMULATION MODEL
Power system subsists of two symmetrical areas which
are connected through a weak tie line of 230KV and
elongated up to 220 km. Each area has two coupled
generating units. Its behavior is very close to real-time
systems in actual operation. The load is represented in the each generator generates its out power about 700 MW.
system has constant impedances and split between the two Simulation design of power system with SSSC and UPFC
areas in such patterns that area 1 is supplying power to area are depicted in Fig.6 & Fig. 7 respectively.
2. Generator G2 considered the slack machine is such that

Figure 6. MATLAB simulation diagram with SSSC.

Figure 7. MATLAB simulation diagram

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Figure 8. Performance SSSC and MB controller during 3 phase fault conditions.

Figure 9. Performance UPFC and MB controller during 3 phase fault conditions

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 From simulation results shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, a
comparison is made among the SSSC with MBPSS and
UPFC with MBPSS for transient stability analysis. It can be
seen that the torque angle stabilizes at t = 5 s, with SSSC in
co-ordinate with MB controller whereas UPFC stabilizes the
torque angle at t = 3 s. The angular speed is stabilized at t =
3 s in the case of the UPFC incorporated with MB controller.
Terminal voltages stabilize at t = 4 s with SSSC, whereas
the UPFC coordinated with MB controller maintains it at t =
2 s. From above fig. 8 and 9, it can be concluded that MB-
PSS coordinated with UPFC is more effective as compared
to the SSSC coordinated with MB-PSS for the improvement
in stability. It can also be seen that angle deviation and the
post-fault settling time is less in UPFC coordinated with
MB-PSS.
IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, the dynamic behavior of the design power
system is compared with the SSSC in the coordination of
MB-PSS and UPFC incorporated with MB-PSS. The
comparison performance is evaluated under the three-phase
fault condition. Simulation has been carried out in
MATLAB/Simulink software. It is declared from the
simulation outcomes that there is an appreciable
enhancement in the system performance by employing of
UPFC in coordination with MB-PSS for which settling time
and angle deviation is less as compared to SSSC
incorporated with MB-PSS. Hence these MATLAB
simulation outcomes validate that UPFC incorporated with
MB-PSS gives accurate results with a reduced size of
oscillations and with less settling time in initial condition
when a fault occurred, as compared to SSSC in coordinated
with MB-PSS.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to thank my respectable teacher Prof.
Yonghai XU, for his time and guidance. I am thankful for
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his constructive technical consultations and ideas, which
always inspired and encouraged me during my research.
Also, I would like to express my earnest appreciation to my
co-authors for their contribution in this work.
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