SEMINAR-1

COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICE

A.SANTHA KUMAR

18580576

SMPS:-
The SMPS or Switched Mode Power Supply electronic circuit converts power either
with the use of switching devices that turn on/off at high-frequencies or with the help of
inductors or capacitors to supply power when the switching device is in non- conduction
state.

SMPS power supply is widely used in electronic equipment namely computers and
several other devices which need efficient and stable power supply. Besides overall
performance, SMPS have plenty of advantages which range from its size, cost, weight to
efficiency.

Simply put, SMPS circuit converts and regulates energy with power semiconductors that
are switched on/off with high-frequency. The different types of SMPS are:

1.DC-DC Converter:-
The power received from AC mains is rectified and filtered as a high-voltage DC. This
high voltage DC voltage is then switched and fed to the step-down transformer at the
primary side. At the secondary side of the step-down transformer the rectified and filtered
output is collected which is ultimately sent as the output to power supply.

2. Forward Converter:-
Irrespective of if the transistor is conducting or not the choke carries the current in
forward converter. The diode inside the transistor carries the current during the OFF
period to support the energy flow through the load. During the On period, the choke
stores the energy and also passes a part of the energy to the output load.

3. Fly back Converter:-

In a Fly back converter, during the On period of the switch magnetic field of the inductor
stores energy. When the switch is in the open state the energy is emptied into the output
voltage circuit. The Duty cycle in the Fly back converter is determined by the output
voltage.
4. Self-Oscillating Fly back Converter:-
It is based on the Fly back principle. During conduction, a current through the
transformer primary starts to ramp up linearly with the slope Vin/Lp. Due to the voltage
induced in the feedback winding and the secondary winding the fast recovery rectifier
start to operate in reverse biased and hold the conducting transistor ON. The core begins
to saturate once the current reaches its peak value. The result is a sharp rise in current is
not supported by the fixed base drive supported by feedback windings. Hence, the
switching begins to come out of saturation.

Advantages of switched-mode power supplies:-

 Higher efficiency of 68% to 90%
 Regulated and reliable outputs regardless of variations in input supply voltage
 Small size and lighter
 Flexible technology
 High power density

Disadvantages:-
 Generates electromagnetic interference
 Complex circuit design
 Expensive compared to linear supplies