Professional Documents
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Wind energy
Table of content
Acknowledgment …………………………………………………………………1
Working principle………………………………………………………………..5-6
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………14
Reference………………………………………………………………………….15
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Wind energy
Acknowledgment
I would like to first thank the Lord for the health and strength I received during the
time spent doing this research. I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt
gratitude to the following persons who have made the completion of this research
possible. Mr. Jovan Ledgister who set the foundation for this research and for his vital
accomplish this task. Special thanks to my family and friends for their help and
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Wind energy
People used wind energy to propel boats along the Nile River as early as 5,000 BC.
By 200 BC, simple wind-powered water pumps were used in China, and windmills
with woven-reed blades were grinding grain in Persia and the Middle East.
New ways to use wind energy eventually spread around the world. By the 11th
century, people in the Middle East were using wind pumps and windmills extensively
for food production. Merchants and the Crusaders brought wind technology to
Europe. The Dutch developed large wind pumps to drain lakes and marshes in the
Rhine River Delta. Immigrants from Europe eventually took wind energy technology
American colonists used windmills to grind grain, to pump water, and to cut wood at
settled the western United States. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, small wind-
The number of wind pumps and wind turbines declined as rural electrification
programs in the 1930’s extended power lines to most farms and ranches across the
country. However, some ranches still use wind pumps to supply water for livestock.
Small wind turbines are becoming more common again, mainly to supply electricity
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Wind energy
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Wind energy
The oil shortages of the 1970s changed the energy environment for the United States
and the world. The oil shortages created an interest in developing ways to use
alternative energy sources, such as wind energy, to generate electricity. The U.S.
federal government supported research and development of large wind turbines. In the
early 1980s, thousands of wind turbines were installed in California, largely because
of federal and state policies that encouraged the use of renewable energy sources.
In the 1990s and 2000s, the U.S. federal government established incentives to use
renewable energy sources in response to a renewed concern for the environment. The
federal government also provided research and development funding to help reduce
the cost of wind turbines and offered tax and investment incentives for wind power
generation from renewable sources, and electric power marketers and utilities began
to offer electricity generated from wind and other renewable energy sources
resulted in an increase in the number of wind turbines and in the amount of electricity
The share of U.S. electricity generation from wind grew from less than 1% in 1990 to
about 7.3% in 2019. Incentives in Europe have resulted in a large expansion of wind
energy use there. China has invested heavily in wind energy and is now the world's
largest wind electricity generator. In 1990, 16 countries generated a total of about 3.6
billion kWh of wind electricity. In 2017, 129 countries generated a total of about 1.13
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Wind energy
Working principle
The majority of wind turbines consist of three blades mounted to a tower made from
tubular steel. There are less common varieties with two blades, or with concrete or
steel lattice towers. At 100 feet or more above the ground, the tower allows the
Turbines catch the wind's energy with their propeller-like blades, which act much like
an airplane wing. When the wind blows, a pocket of low-pressure air forms on one
side of the blade. The low-pressure air pocket then pulls the blade toward it, causing
the rotor to turn. This is called lift. The force of the lift is much stronger than the
wind's force against the front side of the blade, which is called drag. The combination
A series of gears increase the rotation of the rotor from about 18 revolutions a minute
to roughly 1,800 revolutions per minute -- a speed that allows the turbine’s generator
to produce AC electricity.
including the gears, rotor and generator -- are found within a housing called the
nacelle. Sitting atop the turbine tower, some nacelles are large enough for a helicopter
to land on.
Another key component is the turbine’s controller, that keeps the rotor speeds from
measures wind speed and transmits the data to the controller. A brake, also housed in
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Wind energy
Explore the interactive graphic above to learn more about the mechanics of wind
turbines.
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Wind energy
inexhaustible and reduces the use of fossil fuels, which are the origin of greenhouse
gasses that cause global warming. In addition, wind energy is a “native” energy,
For these reasons, producing electricity through wind energy and its efficient use
Wind energy does not emit toxic substances or contaminants into the air, which can
be very damaging to the environment and to human beings. Toxic substances can
acidify land and water ecosystems, and corrode buildings. Air contaminants can
Wind energy does not generate waste or contaminate water—an extremely important
factor given the scarcity of water. Unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power plants, wind
energy has one of the lowest water-consumption footprints, which makes it a key for
Renewable energy
Inexhaustible
Not pollutant
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Wind energy
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Wind energy
calculate the amount of energy that you can expect to produce with a WT100 wind
turbine. You can calculate this measure using annual energy output to calculate the
estimate of the annual energy output from your wind turbine, kWh/year, is the best
way to determine whether a particular wind turbine and tower will produce enough
A Renew tech representative can help you estimate the energy production you can
expect. We will use a calculation based on the WT100 wind turbine power curve, the
average annual wind speed at your site, the height of the tower that you plan to use,
and the frequency distribution of the wind–an estimate of the number of hours that the
When you purchase Renewable Energy Certificates, you are taking ownership of the
environmental benefits associated with the electrons that the wind turbines place onto
the electric grid. These RECs, can be “bundled” with your electricity usage through a
power contract or they can be purchased separately from your electric bill to balance
Internal rate of returns (IRR), not payback period, is the best way to assess the
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Wind energy
systems lock in cost of energy for over the 20 year life of the turbine which can
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Wind energy
The policy lays out aggressive targets for a 30 percent renewable energy share and a
Efforts to meet these ambitious targets have benefited from a robust enabling
megawatts (MW) of installed renewable energy capacity from hydro, solar and wind
power plants.
Although these efforts are impressive compared to most of Jamaica’s neighbors, they
only scratch the surface of what is possible in the country. Jamaica’s current matrix of
renewable power plants comprises only 7.8 percent of total installed generation
capacity.
resource endowment of solar, wind, hydro and biomass, the country comfortably can
Jamaica’s mandate to do so never has been stronger. The country currently sources 95
percent (PDF) of its electricity use from petroleum-based power plants. Because
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Wind energy
Currently, Jamaica spends 9 percent of its GDP (or $1.3 billion annually) on
Like many of its Caribbean neighbors, Jamaica relies on the Petrochemical agreement
with Venezuela to secure petroleum for its power system on favorable terms.
The International Monetary Fund estimated that, as of 2015, Jamaica’s sole electricity
The knock-on effects of this debt reflect a grim outlook for fossil fuel-based
generation in Jamaica. Servicing the debt owed for imported fossil fuels means that
fewer resources are left for JPS to invest in grid infrastructure improvements.
losses that are consistently near 20 percent. Because of this inefficiency, far more
unnecessary costs.
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Wind energy
electricity in all 50 states by 2050. Wind has the potential to support over 600,000
of the world's electricity today, but according to the IEA its share is expected to reach
done more than help sail ships it has brought clean energy into hundreds of millions
of homes around the world. Onshore and Offshore wind farms has been advantageous
for the world because it's helped save over 637 millions tons of CO2 emitted into the
Denmark or the US, domestic policy support for wind power has enabled India to
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Wind energy
become the fourth largest in the world with an installed capacity of over 34 GW as of
June 2018.
Conclusion
This project shows how wind energy works how important it is towards the future etc.
It also gives details of the impact wind energy has on Jamaica. We then moved on to
tell how important wind energy will be around the world in the future, I have learn’t
alot on this topic I am grateful for this project and the knowledge it brought to me I
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Reference
Ifc.org. 2020. A Wind Farm Powers Change In Jamaica. [online] Available at:
<https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/news_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site
/news+and+events/news/a-wind-farm-powers-change-in-jamaica> [Accessed 9
September 2020].
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