Experiment No—4:

Axial Turbine Torque and RMP Calculations

Objective:
 Main purpose of that experiment is to check RPM of water flowing using axial
turbine.
 Also, to check its different behaviours with torque.
 To measure torque and discharge.

Apparatus:
 Axial turbine.
 Stop watch.
 Hydraulic bench
 Power supply
Theory:
In axial turbine working fluid is in parallel direction to its shaft, it is totally same to that of
axial compressor, but opposite in working. It converts flow of water into mechanical rotatory
energy.

 It consists total number of 8 nozzles, which are in two pairs of 4,4.

 Four nozzles are at twenty degree (200).
 Other four nozzles are at thirty degree (300).

There is a one stator, which further contain blades connected on forty degree (400), flow
strikes these blades, blades further connected with shaft so because flow strikes, blades
converts flow of water into mechanical rotatory energy.

Calculations:
 V1=initial vol
 V2=final vol
 V1=2 cm
 V2=8 cm
 Time=38 sec

 Discharge=Cd= (V2-V1)/38= (8-2)/38=6/38= 0.157895

 Torque maximum=T=1.2 Nm
 Pully radius=r=2. Cm

Procedure:
 First, we check volume of apparatus is at default.
 Then we turn on apparatus.
 Next, we open valve of hydraulic bench.
 Now, we open one nozzle of thirty degree and record its value. So that to calculate
RPM of water flow.
  When we open valve of hydraulic bench then water moves from nozzles and strikes
on turbines blades.
 Then we off this nozzle and open then 2nd and up to 4th nozzle of thirty degree.
 Because blades further connected with shaft, so flow of water converts into
mechanical rotatory energy.
 Then we calculate RPM on meter.
 Then, we apply different torque and then we check behaviour of RPM with torque.
 We take total 4 values of torque and RPM.

Observations Table:

Force RPM
Sr-No (N). (rev/min.)
1 0 560
2 0.2 480
3 0.4 440
4 0.6 250
5 0.8 200
6 1 130
7 1.2 0

Calculations
 After experiment, we fine that when speed of flowing fluid is high, then RP increases.
 Also, RPM decreases when we apply torque.
Hence RPM and torque are inversely proportional.
 Form above, when torque increases RPM decreases and vice versa.