INCIONG, MARIELLA ALYZZA L.

(50%) MEXE 3102

MANALO, RENIEL F. (50%)

LABORATORY 1
Power Diode Characteristics

I. OBJECTIVES

● Explain the voltage-current (static and dynamic) characteristics of a power diode.

● Describe the effects of temperature on the diode characteristics.

II. MATERIALS/APPARATUS

● 1 1.2V DC source
● 1 1mΩ resistor
● 1 D1N4002 diode or equivalent, RFUH60TS6D
● 1 earth ground

III. PROCEDURE

1) Create the circuit in LTSpice XVII.

2) Get the parts: DC battery (VDC), resistance R, and diode.

3) Connect all the components using the wire command.
4) After connecting the circuit, label the parts and put the corresponding values.
5) From the Analysis, click on the set up. Use the spice directive .op to simulate the Bias
Point Details.
For the DC Sweep
6) Simulating the effect of temperature on diodes.
7) Press keyboard letter “T” to show the spice directive. Do not forget to tick the “Spice
directive”. Otherwise, your inputs will be treated as comment only and it will not run.
Enter the same thing as below in the spice directive window.

8) You can simply click this icon to display the spice directive window.

9) The next step is to set up a transient command.

10) Click on “Simulate” icon bar then “Edit Simulation Cmd” to show the Transient section. In
this particular example we are using a transient command. You can use other
commands in conjunction with the temperature sweep.
 What will happen if the Start external DC supply voltage at 0V is unchecked?

11) Run the Simulation. To run, simply go to “Simulate” then press “Run”.

12) Print the graphs, with the voltage and current across the diode.
13) Complete the table below and comment on the effect of the temperature on the diode’s
voltage drop, VD and diode’s current ID.

Operating Temperature I​D ​(at Q-point) V​D (at

​ Q-point) P​D​ = V​D​I​D

27-degrees

100-degrees

150-degrees
IV. RESULTS/SOLUTIONS

I​D

GRAPH OF I​D WHEN

​ THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC, 100 ᵒC, 150 ᵒC

GRAPH OF I​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC

GRAPH OF I​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 100 ᵒC

GRAPH OF I​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 150 ᵒC

 V​D

GRAPH OF V​D WHEN

​ THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC, 100 ᵒC, 150 ᵒC

GRAPH OF V​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC

GRAPH OF V​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 100 ᵒC

GRAPH OF V​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 150 ᵒC

 P​D

GRAPH OF P​D WHEN

​ THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC, 100 ᵒC, 150 ᵒC

GRAPH OF P​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 27 ᵒC

GRAPH OF P​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 100 ᵒC

GRAPH OF P​D​ WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS AT 150 ᵒC

 Operating Temperature I​D ​(at Q-point) V​D ​(at Q-point) P​D​ = V​D​I​D

27-degrees 2.6454494A 1.1973546V 3.1675409W

100-degrees 4.2190714A 1.1957809V 5.0450849W

150-degrees 5.0712261A 1.1949288V 6.059754W

The table above shows the value of I​D and V​D ​at Q-point and also the power delivered to
the diode depending on the operating temperature. The values were taken from the results seen
on the graphs. As observed, the current increases as the temperature increases. On the other
hand, the voltage drop seems to slightly decrease its value as the temperature increases.
However, it drops in a very small percentage. The power also increases its value as the
temperature rises.

DIODE’S KNEE VOLTAGE

DIODE'S KNEE VOLTAGE AT 27ᵒC, 100ᵒC, 150 ᵒC

DIODE'S KNEE VOLTAGE AT 27ᵒC

DIODE'S KNEE VOLTAGE AT 100ᵒC

DIODE'S KNEE VOLTAGE AT 150ᵒC

 REVERSE BIASED DIODE

DIODE DURING REVERSE BIAS AT 27 ᵒC, 100 ᵒC, 150 ᵒC

This graph shows the relationship of current and voltage when the diode is in reverse
bias. At 27ᵒC, there is no current that flows through the diode. At 100 ᵒC, a very small amount of
current flows through the diode in reverse direction. At 150 ᵒC, there are greater amount of
current flow in reverse though the diode.

What will happen if the Start external DC supply voltage at 0V is unchecked?

As observed, the graphs are showing straight lines in displaying the values of current.
This also applies when voltage and power is displayed. It suggests that if the Start external DC
supply voltage at 0V is unchecked, the behavior of the circuit will not be stimulated because it
starts at the nominal level instead of ramping up from 0V.
V. CONCLUSION

A diode is a semiconductor device that only conducts current in one direction. It

acts as a one-way switch for current. It only begins to conduct current if a certain
threshold voltage is present in the forward direction. It is said to be in forward bias when
a positive voltage is applied to the anode and conducting in forward direction. Otherwise,
it is reverse biased if it is connected in the circuit in the reverse direction and does not
permit current to flow.

Temperature may have a considerable effect on a diode.The results of this

experiment shows the relationship of temperature on a diode. When the temperature
rises, the current also increases while the voltage drop across the diode slightly
decreases. Hence, when the temperature is high, conductivity also increases. Since the
current rises while the voltage decreases only by a small amount, the power across the
diode also rises with the temperature.

In this experiment, the diode’s knee voltage is also identified for all the
temperature. Knee voltage of a diode is the minimum voltage at which the diode starts
conducting and current starts increasing. Based on the results, we conclude that when
the voltage is held constant, as the temperature rises the current also increases.

Subsequently, we also compare the results of the current and voltage values of
the diode when it is reverse biased and forward biased. According to the results, it is
clear that when the diode is in forward bias, the voltage across the diode permits the
natural flow of current. However, in reverse biasing, the voltage across the diode is
denoted in the opposite direction. It indicates that the voltage across a diode does not
produce any significant flow of current during reverse bias.