MBS 200 TERM II DEFERRED TEST

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. SELECT A SINGLE BEST ANSWER TO EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
2. THERE WILL BE NO PENALTY FOR A WRONG ANSWER

The following are TRUE about the long bones except:

Are covered with a cellular periosteum

Are organised in Haversian systems

Normally contain yellow marrow

Consist of compact and woven bones

Cartilaginous ossification occurs in all long bones except the clavicle

Primary ossification centres are present in the long bones and skull by:

The 1st week

The 4th week

The 12th week

The second week

The 8th week

The Vagina:

Has a submucosal layer

Lined by keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Has glands

Muscularis layer is made up of skeletal muscle

Its inner mucosa is marked by transverse folds (rugae)

The following are TRUE about the Muscle tissue except:

Skeletal muscle fibre is an elongated multinucleated cell

Myofibroblasts are contractile cells associated with secretory acini

Perimysium surrounds the entire muscle

T tubules are present at A–I junction in skeletal muscle

T tubules are absent in smooth muscle

In adults, red bone marrow persists in the following except:

Skull bones.

Pelvic bones

Vertebrae

Sternum

Humerus
On bones, the following are TRUE except:

All bones whether long, short, irregular, sesamoid etc have diaphysis and epiphyseal
parts.

Primary ossification centres of long bones develop in diaphysis.

Maxilla, vault of skull and part of mandible ossify by intramembranous ossification.

Osteoprogenitor, osteoblasts and osteoclasts cells are found in a growing bone.

Long bones have one growing end.

The Hindgut:

Gives rise to the ascending colon

Supplied by branches of the celiac trunk

Caudal part of the hindgut, the cloaca, is divided by the urorectal septum into the
urogenital sinus and rectum

Superior part of the anal canal develops from the proctodeum

Gives rise to the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon

Congenital Rubella:

Can be prevented by a vaccine routinely administered.

Is characterised by testicular atrophy and gynaecomastia.

Produces deafness and cataracts.

Is associated with maternal age.

Only A and C are correct.

The following cells are found in a growing bone except:

Osteoprogenitor cells.

Osteoblasts

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

None of the above.

All of us has "suffered" which one of the following types of hernia?

Inguinal

Umbilical

Lumbar

Diaphragmatic

Femoral

Allantoenteric diverticulum:

Forms at the anterior wall of the yolk sac.

Is quite elaborate in man.

May be involved in abnormalities of bladder development.

Is synonymous with neurenteric canal.

First appears in the fourth week IUL

Cataracts, deafness and ear defects are most likely caused by which of the
following agents:

Rubella virus

Thalidomide

Cytomegalovirus

Methyl mercury

Hyperthermia

The testes:

Are surrounded by dense connective tissue the tunica vaginalis

Tunica vaginalis consists of a superficial parietal layer, an intermediate cavity

containing serous fluid and a deeper visceral layer

The tunica vaginalis has septal extensions that project inwards and separates the
testes into lobules

There are no tight junctions in the testes

The mediastinum testes is made up of loose connective tissue

Which is the correct route through which sperm passes from the seminiferous
tubules to the ejaculatory ducts?

Straight tubules > rete testes > efferent ductules > epididymal duct > vas deferens

Efferent ductules > rete testes > straight tubules > epididymal ducts > vas deferens

Rete testes > straight tubules > efferent ductules > epididymal ducts > vas deferens

Epididymal ducts > straight tubules > rete testes > efferent ductules > vas deferens

Vas deferens > epididymal ducts > efferent ductules > rete testes > straight tubules
The Foregut:

Extends from the stomodeum to the proctodeum

Supplied by branches of the Coeliac trunk

Mesoderm of the primordial gut gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive tract

Muscular and connective tissue components of the digestive tract are derived from
the somatic mesenchyme (mesoderm) surrounding the primordial gut

Contains the ascending part of the duodenum

The following bones ossify by intramembranous ossification except:

Vault of the skull

Patella

Maxilla

Part of the mandible

None of the above.

The third ventricle lies in the ……………………………………

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

Rhombencephalon

Myelencephalon

Metencephalon
The following are TRUE Hyaline cartilageexcept:

Contains Type II collagen fibres

Is the bony precursor in cartilaginous ossification

Forms the knee menisci

Is particularly vascular in relation to joints

Grows by both interstitial and appositional growth

Osteoblasts are correctly characterised by which of the following statements?

They are derived from monocytes.

They synthesize high quantities of acid phosphatase.

They are involved in matrix formation but not mineralization.

They have less rough endoplasmic reticulum than do osteocytes.

They possess P.T.H. receptors.

Which part of the developing brain undergoes the less change than the others?

Mesencephalon

Telencephalon

Myelencephalon

Metencephalon

Diencephalon
Brush border in the kidneys are found in the ……………………

Collecting ducts

Distal convoluted tubules

Loop of Henle

Glomerulus

Proximal convoluted tubules

Hydatidiform mole results from:

Little or no development of trophoblast tissue.

Little or no development of embryonic tissue

High secretion of Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone

Hormonal imbalances

A sperm fertilizing an ovum without a nucleus.

The fetal alcohol syndrome is characterised by:

Mental retardation

Cardiovascular defects

Limb deformities

Craniofacial abnormalities

All of the above

Neural crest cells:

Give rise to microglia

Arise from the mesoderm

Pia-arachnoid (leptomeninges) are derived from the neural crest cells

Do not migrate and thus remain in the neural tube

Do not contribute to the formation of the craniofacial skeleton

The Uterine tubes:

Are not covered by peritoneum

Its epithelium is different from that of the uterus

Have thick well defined muscularis

Fertilisation normally occurs in the isthmus

Are not associated with the broad ligament

During the development of the GIT:

Stomach rotates, so that the greater curvature faces to the left and inferiorly

Retention of the vitelline duct may produce an umbilical fistula

Urorectal septum may fail to divide the cloaca, causing a rectovaginal fistula in the
female

Descending colon becomes retroperitoneal

All of the above are correct

The Penis:

Consists of 3 erectile tissue cylinders namely two (2) copora spongiosum and one (1)
copora carvenosum

The penile urethra runs through the copora carvenosa

The copora carvenosa are each surrounded by a dense fibroelastic tunica albuginea

The penile urethra is lined by simple columnar epithelium

At their ends the copora carvenosa form the glans penis

Prominent stereocilia are found on the epithelium of …………………………………….

Epididymis

Vas deferens

Urethra

Ejaculatory ducts

Prepuce

The following apply to the breakdown of fetal red blood cells (erythroblastosis)
fetalis except:

May lead to intrauterine death

May result from Rh-positive fetus and Rh-negative mother.

May result from Rh-negative fetus and Rh-positive mother.

Can be prevented by giving the mother Rh immunoglobulin.

Small bleeds at the surface of the villi are probably responsible for the antigen
antibody interaction between fetus and mother.
The Uterus:

The endometrium is made up of three (3) layers

The basal layer undergoes cyclic changes in response to varying levels of ovarian
hormones in the blood and is shed during menstruation

Lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium

The three layers of the uterus are continuous with their counterparts in the uterine
tubes

Does not contain glands

Respiratory distress syndrome is characterised by all of the following except:

It is a leading cause of death in premature infants.

It results from premature maturation of type II cells.

It is caused by an insufficiency of surfactant.

Babies with this syndrome would have abnormally low amounts of lecithin in lung
lavages.

It would be very likely to occur in a 25 week fetus.

A persistence of the proximal end of the yolk stalk in an adult is called the:

Urachal ligament.

Ductus venosum.

Vitelline membrane.

Appendix.

None of the above.

The cerebral aqueduct lies in the …………………………………………..

Mesencephalon

Telencephalon

Myelencephalon

Metencephalon

Diencephalon

Which of the following statements is TRUE of bone development?

Adult bone formed by intra membranous ossification differs microscopically from

cartilage derived bone.

The periosteal collar is primarily responsible for the growth in length of long bones.

Osteoblastic activity differs between intramembranous and endochondral

ossification.

Healing of fractures recapitulates many of the events in bone development.

Woven bone is formed only during intramembranous ossification.

Rh isoimmunization shows all of the following characteristics except:

It is usually more severe in second and third pregnancies than in the first pregnancy.

It occurs because the fetus mounts an immunologic response to maternal decidual

antigens.

It leads to destruction of fetal red blood cells.

It is seen with an Rh - negative mother.

It is a common cause of erythroblastosis fetalis.

The Uterus is lined by ……………………………

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Simple columnar epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Stratified squamous epithelium

Simple squamous epithelium

The Urinary tract:

It is entirely lined by urothelium including the urethra

The detrusor muscle is made up of two (2) smooth muscle layers

The ureter is devoid of the submucosa and is externally covered by adventitia

The urinary bladder is entirely covered by adventitia externally

The ureter only has two muscle layers

Which of the following diseases if it infects a pregnant mother in the early

pregnancy can cause cataracts and deafness in the fetus:

Rubella

Cytomegallovirus (C.M.V)

H.I.V.

Maternal diabetes

Fetal Hydantoid syndrome

 The medulla oblongata develops from the ……………………

Mesencephalon

Telencephalon

Myelencephalon

Metencephalon

Diencephalon

Which of the following statements about the developing duodenum is NOT true?

It is a derivative of the foregut and the midgut

The yolk stalk is attached to the apex of the duodenal loop

It is supplied by branches of the foregut and midgut arteries

It becomes C-shaped as it develops and the stomach rotates

Its lumen is temporarily obliterated by epithelial cells

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 MBS 200 TERM II DEFERRED TEST

TREU OF FALSE QUESTIONS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. FOR EACH STATEMENT INDICATE EITHER TRUE OR FALSE
2. THERE IS NO PENALTY FOR A WRONG ANSWER

The Histology of the reproductive system:

TRUE FALSE

The epithelium of the vas

deferens is the same as the
uterine tube

The stratum functionalis

changes with the ovarian
cycle

The vagina epithelium is the

same as that of the
endocervical mucosa

The tunica vaginalis is simple

columnar in type

The Sertoli cells produce

testosterone
All of the following statements about embryonic and fetal urine production are
TRUE:

TRUE FALSE

The pronephros forms

copious hypertonic urine.

The mesonephros forms

hypotonic urine.

Polyhydramnios can be due

to fetal swallowing disorders.

Fetuses urinate into the

amniotic fluid.

Oligohydramnios can be due

to renal agenesis.
The Embryology of the midgut:

TRUEE FALSE

Meckels diverticulum is the

midpoint of the developing
midgut

The persistence of the

Vitellointestinal duct is called
Merkels diverticulum

The primary intestinal loop

rotates around an axis
formed by the superior
mesenteric artery

The Small bowel rotates at

180 degrees and fixes to the
posterior wall

Supplied by branches of the

inferior mesenteric artery
Fallot's tetralogy comprises the following:

TRUE FALSE

Pulmonary valve stenosis.

Ventricular septal defect.

Right ventricular hypertrophy.

Over-riding of the aorta.

Patent ductus arteriosus.

The histology of the kidney:

TRUE FALSE

Distal convoluted tubules

have a simple cuboidal
epithelium

Macula densa is in the

proximal convoluted tubules

Lacis cells are

extraglomerular mesangial
cells

Podocytes are on the parietal

layer of the Bowmans
capsule

Visceral layer of the

Bowmans capsule has
simple squamous epithelium
The development of the Nervous system:

TRUE FALSE

Develop from the ectodermal

germ layers beginning in the
third week

Notochord and the paraxial

mesoderm induce the
overlying ectoderm to
differentiate into the neural
plate

Caudal (rostral) neuropore

closes on approximately the
25th day and the cranial
neuropore 2 days later

Lumen of the neural tube-

neural canal-communicates
freely with the amniotic
cavity at both ends of the
neural tube

Neural crest cells develop

into peripheral nervous
system (PNS) and other
nonneuronal cell types
The development of the spinal cord:

TRUE FALSE

Develops from the neural

tube caudal to the 4th pair of
somites

The outermost layer of the

spinal cord is the mantle
layer

Basal and alar plates are

associated with sensory and
motor functions, respectively

Sulcus limitans separates the

mantle and marginal layers
from each other

initially, the wall of the neural

tube is composed of a thick,
pseudostratified, columnar
neuroepithelium
Regarding congenital malformations:

TRUE FALSE

The period sensitive to

teratogenic insults is the 8th
- 12th week.

Cataracts, deafness and ear

defects are most likely
caused by cytomegalovirus.

Klinefelters syndrome is an
example of a numeric
chromosomal abnormality.

The foetal alcohol syndrome

is characterised by mental
retardation.

The action of a teratogenic

agent is not affected by the
duration of exposure.
The development of the Brain:

TRUE FALSE

Neural tube cranial to the

fourth pair of somites
develops into the brain

Lateral ventricles are found

in the diencephalon

Forms from three primary

vesicles

Neural canal forms the

ventricular system of the
brain and the central canal of
the spinal cord

The myelencephalon gives

rise to the pons and the
cerebellum

Which of the following congenital anomalies follows gene mutations:

TRUE FALSE

Down's syndrome

Cri-du-chat syndrome

Mosaicism

Achondroplasia

Turner's syndrome
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