Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology (PICS)

Bio Chemical Engineering 8th Semester (CHE 485A)

Time allowed: 50 Minutes Maximum Marks: 40
Name: _____Abubakar fareed__________________ Roll
No____101________
Highlight the the correct answer 20
1 The active site of an enzyme remains
a) at the center of globular proteins
b) rigid and does not change shape
c) complementary to the rest of the molecule
d) none of the above
2 The conformational change in an enzyme after the substrate is bound that allows the
chemical reaction to proceed, can be explained by
a) induced fit
b) transition
c) fit and fine
d) Pasteur
3 Which of the following statement(s) regarding enzymes, is/are false?
a) Enzymes are always proteins that function as catalysts
b) Enzymes provide activation energy for reactions
c) Enzyme activity can be regulated
d) Enzymes may be used many times for a specific reaction
4 Which of the following step is assumed to be the slowest step in the Michaelis Menten
equation?
a) The substrate consuming step
b) The product releasing step
c) Formation of enzyme substrate complex
d) None of these
5 The active site of an enzyme differs from an antibody-antigen binding site in that the
enzyme active site
a) contains modified amino acids
b) catalyzes a chemical reaction
 c) is complementary to a specific ligand
d) contains amino acids without side chains
6 Enzymes are basically
a) Proteins
b) Vitamins
c) Fat
d) Carbohydrates
7 Lock and key model is based on the compatibility of
a) enzyme and substrate
b) enzyme and product
c) enzyme and enzyme substrate complex
d) enzyme substrate complex and product
8 When an enzyme is functioning at Vmax, the rate of the reaction is limited by
a) the number of collisions between enzyme and substrate
b) the number of substrate molecules in the reaction
c) the concentration of the substrate
d) the rate at which the enzyme can convert substrate to product
9 Enzymes act as antimicrobials
a) by depriving an organism of a necessary metabolite
b) by generating a substances toxic to the organism
c) by attracting a cell wall component
d) all of the above
10 Enzymes degrade, alter or synthesize a food component through
a) oxidation/reduction/isomerization
b) hydrolysis/synthesis
c) group transfer
d) all of the above
11 A system which require less solvent and produces a more concentrated extract phase, is
desired with a
a) large distribution coefficients
b) small distribution coefficients
 c) very small distribution coefficients
d) constant distribution coefficients
12 The efficiency of cell disruption in a bead mill depends on the
a) concentration of the cells
b) amount and size of beads
c) type and rotational speed of agitation
d) all of the above
13 Selectivity can be expressed as
a) ratio of the distribution coefficients in different solute
b) mass fraction of the solute in the extract phase at equilibrium
c) mass fraction of the solute in the raffinate phase
d) ratio of the mass fraction of the solute in the extract phase to the raffinate phase
14 Which of the following is not the physical method for the cells rupturing?
a) Milling
b) Homogenization
c) Ultrasonication
d) Enzymatic digestion
15 Which of the operation does not come under upstream processing?
a) Media preparation
b) Inoculum development
c) Effluent treatment
d) Storage of raw material
16 Micro filtration refers to the separation of suspended material such as bacteria by using a
membrane with spore sizes of
a) 0.02 to 10μm
b) 1-10A°
c) 20-30μm
d) 10-200A°
17 Chromatography is based on the
a) different rate of movement of the solute in the column
b) separation of one solute from other constituents by being captured on the adsorbent
 c) different rate of movement of the solvent in the column
d) None of the above
18 Power consumption by agitation is
a) a function of physical properties
b) a function of operating conditions
c) a function of vessel and impeller geometry
d) all of the above
19 Which of the following(s) is/are non-mechanically agitated reactors?
a) Stirrer tank reactor
b) Bubble column
c) Air lift reactor
d) Both (b) and (c)
20 When liquid is pumped through cooling coil in a stirred tank reactor to cool. Which of the
following is not correct?
a) If the stirrer speed is increased, the rate will be faster
b) Baffles in the tank will increase the rate of cooling
c) Faster cooling rates at a slower rate of pumping
d) Faster cooling rates at a faster rate of pumping
Answer the following short questions. 20
Q1. Define microbiology.
Ans. As a basic biological science

Deals with nature of life processes and principles behind, genetics

Q2 What are enzymes.

Ans. An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at
which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process.
Q3 What are advantages of CSTR
 Ans. Continuous operation of the bio-reactor can increase the productivity of the reactor
significantly.
 It is also easy to automate in order to reduce labor costs.
  Good temperature control
 Easily adapts to two phase runs
 Simplicity of construction
Easy to clean
Q4 Define fluiduzation
Ans. Fluidization is defined as a method to keep solid particles floating in an upward direction in
a flow of gas or liquid.

Q5 Define overall heat transfer coefficient

Ans. Heat transfer coefficient is the ability of the system to transfer heat.
Units: J/s·m2·K or W/m2·K

Q6 What is bioreactor.
Ans. Bioreactors are the apparatus in which practical biochemical reactions are performed often
with use of enzymes and/or living cells.
 Bioreactors which use living cells are usually called fermenters.
 The apparatus applied to waste water treatment using biochemical reactions is also an
example of a bioreactor.
Blood oxygenators, that is, artificial lungs can also be regarded as bioreactors
Q7 Define substrate.
Ans. The substrate is a molecule upon which a catalyst acts to form product.

Q8 What is turnover number.

Ans. The turnover number of an enzyme, or the kcat, is the maximal number of molecules of
substrate converted to product per active site per unit time when the enzyme is saturated with
substrate

Q9 Define specificity.
Ans. It represents the selectivity of enzyme to their substrate. The advantages of enzymes are stated
as the product specificity, yielding only few by-products, and high process yield. Also, the
resistance of enzymes has been found to be higher than chemical catalysts.
Q10 Name the factors affecting enzyme catalytic activity

Ans. Several factors affect the rate at which enzymatic reactions proceed are

1)Temperature

2)pH

3)enzyme concentration

4)substrate concentration
)5the presence of any inhibitors or activators