RS732 - Combined Curriculum Sanskrit 2068 PDF

dfWolds lzIff kf7\oj|mdcGtu{t ;+:s[t
wf/sf kl/dflh{t
kf7\oj|md
@)^*
g]kfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfno
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|

;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/
k|sfzs
g]kfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfno
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/
© kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|df ;'/lIft
k|sfzg M @)^*
d'b|s M
ljifo;"rL
j|m=;+= zLif{s k[i7;ª\Vof

kl/ro 4
-s_ lzIffsf /fli6«o p2]Zo 5
-v_ lzIffsf ;+/rgf 5
-u_ lzIffsf] dfWod 5
-3_ txut p2]Zo 5
-ª_ kf7\oj|md 9f“rf 6
-r_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof 9
ljifout kf7\oj|md
!= P]lR5s z'Snoh'j{]b -j]bljBf>d ;+dflj_ 10
@= P]lR5s sd{sf08 -j]bljBf>d ;+dflj_ 20
#= P]lR5s j]b -;+dflj_ 34
$= P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif 45
%= P]lR5s cyj{j]b 55
^= P]lR5s Gofo 64
dfWolds lzIff kf7\oj|md, @)^$
kl/ro
kf7\oj|md ljsf; tyf kl/dfh{g lg/Gt/ k|lj|mof xf] . ;dfhsf] kl/jt{g, /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf]
km]/abn, ljZjJofkLs/0f / gjLgtd 1fgsf] k|jt{gsf sf/0f kf7\oj|mddf ;d;fdlos kl/jt{g
cfjZos eO/xG5 . g]kfnsf] nf]stflGqs kl/jt{gn] klg lzIff If]qdf k|ToIf k|efj kf/]sf]
5 . kl/jlt{t ;Gbe{ / P;Pn;L cWoog k|ltj]bg;d]tsf cfwf/df lzIff k|0ffnLdf
;d;fdlos ;'wf/ ug]{ j|mddf df}h'bf Joj:yfdf kl/jt{g u/L sIff !) af6 dfq P;Pn;L
k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ @)^#.&.!$ sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog x'g'sf ;fy} ljBfno
lzIffsf nflu /fli6«o kf7\oj|md k|f¿k;d]t ldlt @)^#.!).@% sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
lg0f{ocg';f/ :jLs[t eO{ sfof{Gjogsf] j|mddf /x]sf] 5 .
/fli6«o kf7\oj|md k|f¿knufot ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] dfu, ;dfhsf] cfjZostf,
ljz]if1x¿sf] ;'emfj tyf gLltut kl/jt{gcg'¿k kf7\oj|mddf /x]sf kf7\oj:t' ;dfof]hg
u/L df}h'bf kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;d;fdlos kl/dfh{g ug'{ cfjZos b]lvof] . To:t} sIff !) af6
dfq P;Pn;L k/LIff x'“bf sIff ( / !) sf nflu ;+o'St kf7\oj|mdnfO{ 5'6\6f5'6\6} agfpg'kg]{,
sIff ( / !) sf] kf7\oef/df ;dfof]hg cfjZos x'g uof] . ;fy} ljifoj:t'sf] If]q tyf
j|mdsf] nDaLo / ;dtnLo ;Gt'ng ldnfO{ cfwf/e"t tx;“usf] j|mdfut :t/Ls/0f ug'{kg]{
cfjZostf klg dx;'; eof] .
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|n] ljutdf cfof]hgf u/]sf If]qLo sfo{zfnfx¿sf ;'emfj tyf :yfgLo
txsf lzIff k|zf;s, ljBfyL{, lzIfs, cleefjs, Joj;foL tyf pBf]uLx¿af6 k|fKt
;'emfjnfO{ ;d]6\g klg kf7\oj|mdsf ljifoj:t'sf] ;dfof]hg / kl/dfh{g ug'{ cfjZos b]lvof] .
kf7\oj|mddf ;dfj]z x'g] /fli6«o tyf txut p2]Zon] lzIff k4ltdf cfjZos ljlw÷k|ljlw
tyf d"Nofª\sgsf ljljw kIfnfO{ lgb]{z ug]{ tYonfO{ cf}“Nofp“b} ljBfno lzIffsf] d"n
dfu{bz{s b:tfj]hsf ¿kdf ljsf; ul/Psf] /fli6«o kf7\oj|md k|f¿kn] klg lzIff k4ltdf
tTsfn, dWosfn / bL3{sfndf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/nfO{ ;ª\s]t ub}{ kf7\oj|md ljsf; tyf sfof{Gjog
ug]{ gLlt Pjd\ l;sfOsf pko'St If]q, lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk, kf7\oj|mdsf] ;dfj]zLs/0f
tyf :yfgLos/0fsf ;fy} z}lIfs kx'“r, ;dfgtf, ;fGble{stf / u'0f:t/Lotfsf ljljw kIfdf
kl/dfh{g / kl/jt{gsf] vf“rf] cf}“NofPsf] / kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|n] tTsfn ug'{kg]{ vfnsf
;'wf/ u/L dWosfndf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/:j¿k of] kf7\oj|md kl/dfh{g sfo{ ul/Psf] xf] . k|f¿kn]
;ª\s]t u/]cg';f/ bL3{sfndf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/ Pjd\ kl/dfh{gsf nflu eg] lj:t[t sfo{of]hgf
agfO{ sfo{ k|f/De ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 .
oL ljljw kIfnfO{ Wofg lb“b} dfWolds txsf] sIff ( / !) sf] kf7\oj|mddf /x]sf p2]Zo,
ljifoj:t', lzIf0fl;sfO k|lj|mof / d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mofdf /fli6«o kf7\oj|md k|f¿kn] k|:tfj u/]sf
;'wf/f]Gd'v kIf j|mdzM ;d]6\b} hfg] j|mddf k|yd k|of;:j¿k df}h'bf kf7\oj|mdnfO{ o; ¿kdf
;dfof]hg tyf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 .
1
-s_ lzIffsf /fli6«o p2]Zo
!= k|To]s JolStdf cGtlg{lxt k|ltef / JolStTj ljsf;sf ;DefjgfnfO{ k|:km'l6t
ug{ ;xof]u ug]{,
@= k|To]s JolStdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d dfgjLo d"Nosf ;fy} /fli6«o ;+:s[lt / cl:dtf,
;fdflhs dfGotf / cf:yfx¿sf] ;+jw{g u/L hLjGt cg'ejx¿ ;d]6\b} :j:y
;fdflhs tyf ;fd"lxs hLjg k2ltsf] ljsf; ug{ rl/qjfg\ Pjd\ g}ltsjfg\
gful/s tof/ ug]{,
#= :yfgLo, /fli6«o:t/sf k];f, Joj;fo Pjd\ /f]huf/Lsf ;fy} cfjZostfg';f/
cGt//fli6«o /f]huf/Ltkm{ pGd'v pTkfbgd'vL / ;Lko'St gful/s tof/ ug{
;xof]u ug]{,
$= JolStsf] ;fdflhsLs/0fdf ;xof]u ub}{ ;fdflhs PstfnfO{ ;'b[9 agfpg],
%= ;dfhsf] cfw'lgsLs/0fdf ;xof]u u/L b]zlgdf{0fsf lglDt dfgj ;+;fwgsf]
ljsf; ug]{,
^= k|fs[lts jftfj/0f / /fli6«o ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]u ug{ ;xof]u ug]{,
&= ;fdflhs ;dfgtf / Gofoaf/] lrGtg ub}{ tbg'¿ksf] cfr/0f ljsf; ug]{ /
;dfj]zL ;dfh lgdf{0fdf d2t ug]{,
*= :yfgLo, /fli6«o tyf cGt//fli6«o kl/j]zcg's"n zflGt, d}qL, ;b\efj, ;lxi0f'tf /
ljZjaGw'Tjsf] efjgfsf] ljsf; u/L tbg'¿ksf] cfr/0f ug]{ u/fpg] / x/]s
k|sf/sf åGå Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;Ifd gful/s tof/ ug],{
(= cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljlw;“u kl/lrt eO{ To;sf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] ljZjkl/j]z
;'xfp“bf] bIf hgzlSt tof/ ug]{,
!)= /fi6«, /fli6«otf, nf]stGq, dfgjclwsf/k|lt ;Ddfg ug]{, ;dfnf]rgfTds tyf
/rgfTds ;f]r ePsf, :jfledfgL tyf c¿nfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ / cfk"m g]kfnL
ePsfdf uf}/j ug]{ gful/s tof/ ug]{,
!!= g]kfnL snf, ;f}Gbo{, cfbz{ tyf j}lzi6\ox¿sf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / lj:tf/tkm{
clek|]l/t gful/s tof/ ug{ d2t ug]{ .
-v_ lzIffsf] ;+/rgf
!= rf/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f gePsf afnaflnsfnfO{ lzz' ljsf; s]Gb|af6 zf/Ll/s,
dfgl;s jf af}l4s lzIff lbg ;lsg] 5 eg] rf/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f eO;s]sf
afnaflnsfnfO{ Ps jif{sf] k"j{ k|fylds lzIff k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
@= ljBfno lzIff sIff ! – !@ sf] x'g] 5 .
-u_ lzIffsf] dfWod
ljBfnodf lzIffsf] dfWod g]kfnL efiff, cª\u|]hL efiff jf b'j} efiff x'g ;Sg] 5 t/
;DalGwt efiff ljifosf] dfWod rflx“ ;f]xL efiff x'g] 5 .
2
-3_ txut p2]Zo
/fli6«o k/Dk/f, ;+:s[lt, ;fdflhs ;Dkbf, nf]stflGqs d"No;“u kl/lrt b]zsf]
cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg lbg ;Sg], bIf / :j:y gful/ssf] pTkfbg ug'{ dfWolds
lzIffsf] p2]Zo xf] . o; txsf] d'Vo p2]Zo b]zsf] ;jf{ª\uL0f ljsf;sf nflu
Ifdtfcg'¿k 7f]; of]ubfg lbg ;Sg] ;Lko'St hgzlSt pTkfbg ug'{ / ljZjljBfno
lzIffsf nflu cfjZos 1fg, ;Lk k|bfg u/L ;r]t gful/s tof/ kfg'{ xf] .
dfWolds lzIffsf p2]Zox¿ lgDglnlvt x'g] 5g\ M
!= b]zsf] ax';f+:s[lts / nf]stflGqs d"NodfGotfk|lt uj{ ub}{ ;sf/fTds wf/0ffsf]
ljsf; ug]{,
@= /fi6« ljsf;sf nflu ;Ifd, cfTdlge{/, ;Lkd"ns / tflndk|fKt dfgj ;|f]t
pTkfbg ug]{,
#= Odfgbf/L, cfTdlge{/tf, /rgfTdstf, kl/>dLkg, ;xof]uLkg, ;d"xdf sfd ug]{
afgL, hjfkmb]lxtf, cfTdljZjf; h:tf u'0fsf] ljsf; ug]{,
$= b}lgs lj|mofsnfk / ;fdflhs hLjgdf ;lj|mo ;xeflutfsf nflu ;'gfO, af]nfO,
k9fO / n]vfO h:tf eflifs ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{,
%= b}lgs hLjgdf cfOkg]{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu pko'St 1fg tyf ;Lksf]
ljsf; ug]{,
^= /fli6«o ljsf;sf nflu /fli6«o Pstf, ;f}xfb{ / zflGt sfod ug{ hftLo /
;f+:s[lts ljljwtfsf] dxŒj af]w u/fpg /fli6«o Oltxf;, ;+:s[lt, e"uf]n,
cy{zf:q / jftfj/0f;“u kl/lrt u/fpg],
&= k|fljlws / Jofj;flos ;Lk ljsf; ug'{ / >dk|lt ;Ddfg ug{ l;sfpg],
*= cfTdlge{/ x'g hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu cfocfh{g ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf / ;fdfGo
Jofj;flos ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{,
(= dfgjclwsf/, ;fdflhs Gofo, nf]stGqsf] dd{ / efjgf a'emL ;f]cg';f/
cEof; ug],{
!)= lnª\u, ckfª\utf, ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ef}uf]lns, hftLo / ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfsf
cfwf/df x'g] j}olSts ljleGgtfsf] ;Ddfg ug]{ / hfthflt, 5'jf5'th:tf
;fdflhs s'/Lltx¿k|lt ;r]t /xL ;dfj]zL ;dfh lgdf{0fdf ;lj|mo /xg],
!!= /rgfTds 1fg / ;Lksf] ljsf; ub}{ /fli6«o / cGt//fli6«o r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;fdgf
ug{ :jtGqtf, ;dfnf]rgfTds ;f]rfO / ljZn]if0ffTds ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{,
!@= /fli6«o tyf cGt//fli6«o:t/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf cfh{g ug]{ .
3
-ª_ kf7\oj|md 9f“rf
-c_ ;fwf/0f dfWolds ljBfno
l;=g+= ljifo kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= g]kfnL % !))
@= ul0ft % !))
#= cª\u|]hL % !))
$= lj1fg % !))
%= ;fdflhs cWoog % !))
^= :jf:Yo, hg;ª\Vof tyf jftfj/0f $ !))
lzIff
&= P]lR5s k|yd kq % !))
*= P]lR5s låtLo kq % !))
hDdf – #( *))
-!_ P]lR5s k|yd kqdf lgwf{l/t ljifox¿ -s'g} Ps ljifo dfq_
-I_ efiff ;d"x
!= g]kfnL @= cª\u|]hL #= k|m]Gr
$= /l;og %= hd{g ^= :kflg;
&= lrlgof“ *= lxGbL (= hfkfgL
!)= aª\ufnL !!= pb"{ !@= ltAatL
!#= ;+:s[t !$= lu|s !%= Nofl6g
!^= c/]las !&= kl;{og !*= lxa|"
!(= d}lynL @)= g]jf/L @!= cjwL
@@= ef]hk'/L
n]Vo k/Dk/f jf Jofs/0f / pko'St kf7\o;fdu|Lsf] pknAwtfg';f/ g]kfnsf cGo
/fi6« efiffx¿nfO{ klg kf7\oj|mddf ;dfj]z ub}{ nlug] 5 .
- II_ dfgljsL tyf ;fdflhs zf:q ;d"x
!= Oltxf; @= e"uf]n #= gful/s zf:q
$= cy{zf:q %= ;dfhzf:q ^= hg;ª\Vof lzIff
&= jftfj/0f lj1fg
- III_ cltl/St ul0ft
4
-@_ P]lR5s låtLo kqdf lgwf{l/t ljifox¿ -s'g} Ps ljifo dfq_
!= s[lif lzIff @= lzIff #= sfof{no ;~rfng /
n]vf
$= sDKo'6/ lj1fg %= u[xlj1fg ^= a]taf“; lzNk lzIff
&= ;ª\uLt *= jfBjfbg (= g[To
!)= lrqsnf !!= jf:t'snf !@= x:tsnf
!#= vfBlj1fg !$= j:q l;nfO a'gfO !%= n]vfk/LIf0f
!^= 6fOlkª / ;6{x\ofG8 !&= kmf]6f]u|fkmL -5ljsnf_ !*= cfo'j]{b
!(= k|fs[lts lrlsT;f @)= of]u lzIff @!= kqsfl/tf
@@= :jf:Yo / zf/Ll/s lzIff @#= cf}Bf]lus lzIff @$= k|f/lDes afnljsf;
lzIff
-cf_ ;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno
-!_ ;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno
!= g]kfnL % !))
@= ul0ft % !))
#= cª\u|]hL % !))
$= lj1fg % !))
%= ;fdflhs cWoog $ !))
^= clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff % !))
&= P]lR5s k|yd kq -s'g} Ps_ % !))
-!_ j]b -@_ Jofs/0f -#_ Gofo
-$_ Hof]ltif -%_ ;flxTo -^_ gLltzf:q
*= P]lR5s låtLo kq -s'g} Ps_ % !))
-!_ sd{sf08 -@_ cfo'j]{b -#_ kmlnt Hof]ltif
-$_ of]u lzIff -%_ k|fs[lts lrlsT;f
-^_ u[xlj1fg -&_ cltl/St ul0ft -*_
lzIff
-(_ sDKo'6/ lj1fg -!)_ ltAatL
hDdf – #( *))
5
-@_ j]bljBf>d ;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno
!= g]kfnL % !))
@= ul0ft % !))
#= ;fdflhs cWoog % !))
$= clgjfo{ ;+:s[t Jofs/0f % !))
%= clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff / ;flxTo % !))
^= j]b jf gLltzf:q % !))
&= sd{sf08 jf kmlnt Hof]ltif $ !))
*= tnsf ljifodWo] s'g} Ps ljifo lng ;lsg] 5 M % !))
-!_ cfo'j]{b -@_ k|fs[lts lrlsT;f -#_ of]u
lzIff
-$_ ts{;ª\u|x -Gofoaf]lwgL 6Lsf;d]t_
-%_ Gofo -^_ Hof]ltif -&_ Jofs/0f -*_ ltAatL
hDdf – #( *))
-r_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof
ljBfno txdf ljBfyL{n] l;sfO pknlAw xfl;n u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] egL d"Nofª\sg
ug{sf nflu lg/Gt/÷lgdf{0ffTds / lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mofnfO{ cjnDag
ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-!_ lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg
ljBfno txsf] lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg ug{ sIffut lzIf0fl;sfOs} cleGg
cª\usf ¿kdf u[xsfo{, sIffsfo{, of]hgfsfo{, ;fd'bflos sfo{, ;x÷cltl/St
lj|mofsnfk, PsfO k/LIff, dfl;s k/LIff h:tf d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿sf]
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o:tf] d"Nofª\sgdf ljBfyL{sf] clen]v /fvL l;sfO
cj:yf olsg u/L pkrf/fTds l;sfOaf6 ;'wf/ ug]{ kIfdf hf]8 lbOg] 5 .
ljz]if l;sfO cfjZostf ePsf -b[li6ljxLg, ;':t>j0f, ;':tdgl:ylt,
ckfª\u cflb_ ljBfyL{sf nflu ljifo lzIfsn] g} pko'St k|lj|mof ckgfO{
d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-@_ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg M
dfWolds txdf lgDgfg';f/ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{ 5 M
-c_ k|yd q}dfl;s k/LIff
k|yd q}dfl;s cjlwe/df k7gkf7g ePsf ljifoj:t'af6 s"n k"0ff{ª\ssf]
!) k|ltzt -;}4flGts / k|of]ufTds_ cª\sef/sf] k/LIff ;~rfng ug'{kg]{
5.
-cf_ låtLo q}dfl;s k/LIff
6
k|yd / låtLo q}dfl;s cjlwe/df k7gkf7g ePsf ljifoj:t'af6 s"n
k"0ff{ª\ssf] #) k|ltzt -;}4flGts / k|of]ufTds_ cª\sef/sf] k/LIff ;~rfng
ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-O_ clGtd k/LIff
z}lIfs ;qsf] cGTo;Dddf k7gkf7gsf nflu lgwf{l/t ;Dk"0f{
ljifoj:t'af6 ^) k|ltzt -;}4flGts / k|of]ufTds_ cª\sef/sf] k/LIff
;~rfng u/L tLg} k/LIffsf] s"n k|fKtfª\s hf]8]/ ljBfyL{sf] :t/ lgwf{/0f
ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-O{_ P;Pn;L k/LIff sIff !) sf] kf7\of+zaf6 dfq x'g] 5 . sIff ( pQL0f{ u/L
sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f u/]sf ljBfyL{n] P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg kfpg] 5g\ .
ljBfyL{sf] l;sfO:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ tyf cfGtl/s k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{
lhDd]jf/L ljBfnosf] x'g] 5 .
-p_ ;}4flGts k/LIffsf] pQL0ff{ª\s #@ k|ltzt / k|of]ufTds k/LIffsf]
pQL0ff{ª\s
$) k|ltzt x'g] 5 . ;}4flGts / k|of]ufTds k/LIffdf 5'6\6f5'6\6} pQL0f{
x'g'kg]{ 5 .
-pm_ !)) k"0ff{ª\ssf] ;}4flGts k/LIffsf nflu k/LIff ;do # 306f / &%
k"0ff{ª\ssf] ;}4flGts k/LIffsf nflu @ 306f !% ldg]6 lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
-P_ P;Pn;L k/LIffdf ljz]if l;sfO cfjZostf ePsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ s]xL
vf;vf; ljifox¿df c¿ ;fwf/0f ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lbOg] k|ZgeGbf cnu
k|Zg agfO{ d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-P]_ dfWolds txdf ;fKtflxs #( 3G6L -@(=@% 306f_ / jflif{s #@ xKtf -
(#^ 306f_ k7gkf7g x'g] 5 . o; txsf nflu $% ldg]6sf] Ps 3G6L x'g]
5 / jflif{s @@) lbg ljBfno v'Ng] 5 . o; kf7\oj|mddf k7gkf7gsf
nflu jflif{s (#^ 306f / d"Nofª\sgsf nflu !)$ 306f u/L hDdf !)$)
306f kf7\oef/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
7
clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff
-;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
kf7\oj|md ;dosf] k|jfxcg';f/ lg/Gt/ ¿kdf kl/jt{g eO/xg] ljifo xf] . ctM
dfWolds txsf] clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiffsf] kf7\oj|mdnfO{ cfjZos ;+zf]wg u/L tof/
ul/Psf] 5 .
o; kf7\oj|mdsf d'Vo ljz]iftf
– efiffsf ;'gfO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO ;Lk ;/n Pjd\ Jofjxfl/s tl/sfn] l;Sg
;Sg] b[li6sf]0f lnOPsf] 5,
– clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff ljifodf uB ljwfcGtu{t syf, lgaGw, hLjgL, lr7L, ¿ks
/ kB ljwfdf :t'ltk/s, gLltk/s / sfJofTds kB ;dfj]z u/L logsf
dfWodaf6 eflifs ;Lk cfh{g ug{ ;Sg] ck]Iff ul/Psf]] 5,
– Jofs/0f c+zdf j0f{, Wjlg, k|Tofxf/, :yfg, k|oTg, ;+1f Pjd\ ;lGw1fg, ¿kl;l4
/ cJoosf] hfgsf/L u/fO{ ltgsf] k|of]ufTds lj|mofsnfkdf hf]8 lbOPsf] 5,
– jfSo ;+/rgfdf zAb1fg / k|of]u, wft'x¿sf] cy{ / ¿kfjnLsf] 1fg Pjd\ k|of]u,
0oGt, ;gGt, gfdwft', cfTdg]kb, k/:d}kb, s[bGt, sf/s, tl4tfGt /
:qLk|Toosf] d'Vod'Vo c+zsf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] p2]Zo /x]sf] 5,
– o; kf7\oj|mddf lbOPsf lzIf0f lj|mofsnfk, z}lIfs ;fdu|L / d"Nofª\sgsf]
;d'lrt k|of]uåf/f lzIfsnfO{ k7gkf7g :t/Lo agfpg d2t ldNg] 5,
– ;+:s[t efiffsf] df}lns ljz]iftf / cfw'lgs eflifs ;+/rgfsf cfwf/df ;+:s[t
efiffsf eflifs ;Lk a9fpg] p2]Zon] of] kf7\oj|md tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
;+:s[t efiffdf dfWolds:t/sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{
;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= Wjlg Pjd\ j0f{ 7DofO{ ;'Gg / k|ltlj|mof hgfpg,
@= k|;ª\ucg';f/ xfpefp;lxt df}lvs ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiffdf k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
#= ;+:s[tdf jfSo ;+/rgf ug{ / lrx\gx¿sf] plrt k|of]u ug{,
$= df}lvs / lnlvt ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiffdf efj JoSt ug{,
%= syf, lgaGw, hLjgL, ¿ks Pjd\ lr7L ;:j/ / df}gk7g u/L k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
^= ult, olt / no ldnfO{ kBx¿ k9\g,
&= uB / kB k9L ltgsf] JofVof ug{, j0f{g ug{, efj lj:tf/ ug{ / ;f/f+z n]Vg
tyf k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
*= :jtGq /rgfx¿ tof/ ug{,
8
(= uBkBsf dfWodaf6 g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, kf}/fl0fs, P]ltxfl;s, ;fdflhs Pjd\
;d;fdlos d"No tyf dfGotf;“u kl/lrt x'g,
!)= g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf / ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ug{,
!!= ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf k|d'v lgodx¿ atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
!@= ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf ;"q;lxt ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
!#= kl7t Jofs/0fsf cfwf/df Jo'TklQ atfpg / To;cg';f/ k|of]u ug{,
!$= ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf] lgodsf cfwf/df eflifs Jojxf/ ug{,
!%= zAbe08f/ j[l4 ug{,
!^= dflyNnf] txdf ;+:s[t efiffsf] cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ kfg{ .
-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff (_
sIff ( sf] clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff k9]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= ;+:s[t efiffdf af]n]sf ljifoj:t'x¿ ;'Gg / k|ltlj|mof ug{,
@= ;+:s[t efiffdf df}lvs ¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
#= ;+:s[t efiffsf ;fdfGo / kfl/eflifs zAbx¿ z'4;“u k9\g, n]Vg / cy{ u|x0f
u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
$= ;+:s[tdf n]lvPsf lgwf{l/t syf, lgaGw, ¿ks, lr7L, hLjgL tyf kB ;:j/
/ df}gk7g ug{ tyf clek|fo atfpg,
%= df}lvs / lnlvt ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiffdf cfkm\gf cg'ejx¿ atfpg,
^= lrx\gsf] k|of]u u/L ;+:s[t efiffdf jfSo /rgf ug{,
&= cfkm"n] b]v]sf, ;'g]sf, k9]sf / cg'ej u/]sf ljifoj:t'nfO{ cfwf/ agfO{
;/n efiffdf cg'R5]b, lr7L, lgj]bg, lgaGw, hLjgL / ;+jfb n]Vg,
*= lgwf{l/t uBkBdf k|o'St ljlzi6 kª\|lStsf] lju|x, ;df; / kof{o;lxt
JofVof ug{, efj lj:tf/ ug{ / k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
(= 5Gb ldnfO{ lgwf{l/t kB k9\g, 5Gbsf] nIf0f, pbfx/0f atfpg / nIf0f
;dGjo ug{,
!)= lgwf{l/t uBkBsf dfWodaf6 g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, kf}/fl0fs tyf ;d;flos /
;fdflhs d"No / dfGotf a'emL cfk;df cGtlj|m{of ug{,
!!= st[{jfRo, sd{jfRo / efjjfRo jfSox¿sf] jfRokl/jt{g ug{,
!@= g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf / ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ug{,
!#= ;+:s[t efiffsf] zAbe08f/ a9fpg,
!$= ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf k|d'v lgodx¿ atfpg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!%= kl7t Jofs/0f c+zsf] cfwf/df Jo'TklQ atfpg / To;cg';f/ k|of]u ug{,
!^= j0f{, Wjlg, k|Tofxf/, :yfg, k|oTg, ;+1f / ;lGwsf lgodx¿ ;"q;lxt atfpg
/ jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!&= chGt k'+lnª\u, :qLlnª\u / gk';+slnª\usf lgwf{l/t zAbx¿sf] ;"q;lxt
¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof atfpg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
9
!*= k|rlnt Jofjxfl/s zAbx¿sf] lnª\u 1fg u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff !)_
sIff !) sf] clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff k9]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= ;+:s[t efiffdf cleJoSt ul/Psf ljifoj:t'x¿ ;'Gg / k|ltlj|mof hgfpg,
@= ;+:s[t efiffdf df}lvs ¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/ ug{,
#= ;+:s[tsf ;fdfGo zAb / k|rlnt kfl/eflifs Pjd\ k|fljlws zAbx¿ z'4;“u
k9\g, n]Vg / cy{ u|x0f u/L k|of]u ug{,
$= df}lvs / lnlvt ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiffdf cfkm\gf cg'ej atfpg tyf ljrf/
JoSt ug{,
%= lrx\gsf] k|of]u u/L ;+:s[t efiffdf jfSo /rgf ug{,
^= ;+:s[tdf n]lvPsf syf, lgaGw, Psfª\sL, hLjgL, lr7L, ;:j/ Pjd\
df}gk7g u/L kl7tf+zsf] ljifodf cfjZos 5nkmn ug{,
&= ult, olt ldnfO{ lgwf{l/t kB k9\g / 5Gbsf] nIf0f tyf pbfx/0f atfpg,
*= cfkm"n] b]v]sf, ;'g]sf, k9]sf / cg'ej u/]sf ljifoj:t', 36gf, b[Zo, lrq
cflbsf cfwf/df ;–;fgf cg'R5]b, lr7L, hLjgL, syf, lgaGw / ;+jfb n]Vg,
(= ;+:s[t efiffsf] zAbe08f/ a9fpg / k|of]u ug{,
!)= lgwf{l/t uBkBdf k|o'St ljlzi6 kª\lStsf] lju|x, ;df; / kof{o;lxt
JofVof ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{ / To;sf cfwf/df j0f{g ug{,
!!= lgwf{l/t kBdf /x]sf 5Gbx¿sf] nIf0f ;dGjo ug{,
!@= cg'R5]bsf] ;f/f+z n]Vg / ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ lbg,
!#= lgwf{l/t uBkBsf dfWodaf6 g}lts, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s, kf}/fl0fs,
;fdflhs / ;d;fdlos d"No Pjd\ dfGotf a'emL cfk;df cGtlj|{mof ug{,
!$= ;–;fgf cg'R5]bsf] ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf / g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf cg'jfb ug{,
!%= Jofs/0fsf k|d'v lgodx¿ atfpg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!^= kl7t Jofs/0ff+zsf cfwf/df Jo'TklQ hfGg / To;cg';f/ k|of]u ug{,
!&= xnGt k'+lnª\u, xnGt :qLlnª\u, xnGt gk'+;slnª\usf lgwf{l/t zAbx¿sf]
;"q;lxt ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof atfpg / To;cg';f/ jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!*= lgwf{l/t cJoo zAbx¿sf cy{ atfpg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!(= sf/ssf] lgod a'emL tbg';f/ jfSo /rgf ug{ .
10
-ª_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff (_
-s_ efiff v08 k"0ff{ª\s M ^)
j|m=;+= ljwf pk ljwf kf7 ;ª\Vof ljifoj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0fljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= ;+:s[t uB -s_ syf # -s_ ;f+:s[lts -s_ syfsyg -s_ lrq !) %
-v_ kf}/fl0fs -v_ cEof; -v_ Zofdkf6L
-u_ ;fdflhs -u_ j0f{g -u_ zAbkQL
-3_ JofVofg -3_ jfSokQL
-ª_ vf]h -ª_ :yfgLo ;fdu|L
-r_ k|Zgf]Q/ -r_ kmnfl6g kf6L
-5_ 5nkmn -5_ uf]hL tflnsf
-h_ k|bz{g
-v_ lgaGw # -s_ ;f+:s[lts -s_ j0f{g -s_ lrq !) %
-v_ ;d;fdlos -v_ 5nkmn -v_ Zofdkf6L
-u_ k|fs[lts -u_ JofVofg tyf -u_ zAbkQL,
k|jrg zAb;"rL
-3_ vf]h -3_ jfSokQL, jfSo
-ª_ k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf
-r_ cEof; -ª_ kf7ut
-5_ k|bz{g Jofs/0fsf
-h_ k|of]u lgod;"rL
-u_ hLjgL @ ;+:s[t jfª\dosf -s_ vf]h lrq, zAbkQL, zAb;"rL, !) !)
k|]/0ffbfoL JolStTj -v_ k|Zgf]Q/ jfSokQL, jfSo tflnsf,
-/fli6«o / cGt//fli6«o_ -u_ ;+jfb kmnfl6g kf6L, uf]hL
-3_ lr7L @ 3/fo;L / sfof{noLo -3_ clego÷ k|bz{g tflnsf / :yfgLo ;fdu|L
-ª_ ¿ks ! ;fdflhs tyf -ª_ cEof;
÷;+jfb÷ ;fGb{les -r_ j0f{g
jfbljjfb ! -5_ 5nkmn
@= ;+:s[t kB s_ ! b]jL, u0f]z, lzj, ;"o{, -s_ j0f{g lrq, sl7g zAb;"rL, % %
:t'lt kB lji0f' -v_ 5nkmn jfSo tflnsf, kmnfl6g
-kf“r Znf]s_ -u_ JofVofg kf6L, uf]hL tflnsf /
-3_ k|Zgf]Q/ cGo :yfgLo ;fdu|L
11
v_ ! gLlt÷/fi6«elSt÷ -s_ j0f{g lrq, zAbkQL, jfSokQL,
gLlt kB ljBfk|z+;fl;t ;Da4 -v_ 5nkmn zAb;"rL, jfSo tflnsf,
-%Znf]s_ -u_ JofVofg uf]hL tflnsf, kmnfl6g
-3_ k|Zgf]Q/ kf6L / cGo :yfgLo
-ª_ k|bz{g ;fdu|L
u_ sfJofTds $ ;'Gb/, ;/;, ;/n -s_ j0f{g lrq, Zofdkf6L, zAbkQL, !) !)
kB sfJofTds kB -@) -v_ 5nkmn jfSokQL, uf]hL tflnsf,
Znf]s;Dd_ -u_ JofVofg kmnfl6g kf6L / sIffdf
-3_ k|Zgf]Q/ pknAw :yfgLo ;fdu|L
#= 5Gb -s_ ! nIf0f, pbfx/0f -s_ 5nkmn u0ftflnsf, u0fcg';f/sf % %
j;Gtltnsf -v_ JofVofg zAb;"rL, jfSo;"rL
-v_ dflngL
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-u_ lzvl/0fL
-3_ k|bz{g
$= efiff tŒj -s_ jfSo • kl/ro -s_ cfudg zAbkQL, jfSokQL, !) %
-c_ ;+/rgf -v_ lgudg kf7\ok':ts, ;Gbe{;fdu|L
jfSo • k|sf/
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/
; +/rgf • kl/jt{g -3_ vf]h
-v_ kb– • lnª\u, jrg, k'?if, -ª_ ;+jfb
;ª\ult sfnsf] cfwf/df -r_ 5nkmn
-u_ jfRo • kl/ro -5_ k|of]u
• k|sf/ -h_ k|bz{g
• kl/jt{g
-3_ sf/s • kl/ro
• k|sf/
• k|of]u
-ª_ • kl/ro
sfn / kIf • k|sf/
• jfSo kl/jt{g
12
-cf_ -s_ ;df; • kl/ro / k|sf/ -s_ cfudg zAbkQL, jfSokQL, !) %
zAb lgdf{0f • ;d:t / lju|x ¿k -v_ lgudg kf7\ok':ts, ;Gbe{;fdu|L
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-v_ ;lGw • kl/ro / lsl;d -3_ vf]h
• of]u / ljR5]b -ª_ ;+jfb
-u_ ;u{ • pk;u{ -r_ 5nkmn
-3_ k|Too • k|Too -5_ k|of]u
-h_ k|bz{g
Jo'Tklt Jo'TklQ z'4fz'l4sf] k|of]u -s_ k|of]u Jofs/0fsf] lgod;"rL, !) %
/ z'4fz'l4sf] Ifdtf, ;'aGt, ltªGt, -v_ ;+zf]wg zAbkQL, jfSokQL,
k|of]u sf/s, ;df;, s[bGt, -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ z'4 / cz'4 zAb /
tl4t / :qL k|Toosf -3_ 5nkmn lj|mof;"rL
cfwf/df jfSo ;+zf]wg -ª_ k|bz{g
cg'jfb cg'jfb ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnL / -s_ cg'jfb sIffdf pknAw b}lgs !) %
-b[i6f+z / g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf -v_ ;+jfb k|of]usf] ;fdu|L
cb[i6f+z_ cg'jfb -u_ k|bz{g
hDdf () ^)
-v_ Jofs/0f v08 k"0ff{ª\s M $)

j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= Wjlg, j0f{, k|Tofxf/, :yfg, k|oTg, ;+1f cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, j0ff]{Rrf/0f :yfg b;f{pg] lrqtflnsf / !) !)
vf]h b}lgs k|of]usf cGo ;fdu|L
@= cr\ ;lGw, k|s[ltefj, xn\ ;lGw, lj;u{ cfudg, lgudg, 5nkmn, ;lGwo'St / ;lGw/lxt zAbsf] ;"rL !) !)
;lGw JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, k|of]u
#= chGt k'+lnª\u, chGt :qLlnª\u, lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, tflnsf, ¿kfjnL #) !%
chGt gk'+;slnª\u cfudg, k|of]u
$= Jo'TklQ– kl7tf+zsf cfwf/df ;lGw / lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;lGw tflnsf, ¿k tflnsf !) %
zAbx¿sf] ¿ksf] klxrfg cfudg, k|of]u
hDdf ^) $)
b|i6Jo M dflysf ljifo If]q / kf7 ;ª\Vofsf cfwf/df kf7\ok':ts tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5 . Jofs/0f v08df lbOPsf Jofs/0ffTds kf7\oj:t'sf] ;|f]t u|Gy dWol;4fGt sf}d'bL x'g] 5 .
Jofs/0f / efiff v08sf] kf7\ok':ts Pp6} x'g] 5 . efiff v08df k|of]u ePsf eflifs ;+/rgf / k|of]uk/s Jofs/0fsf] cGt/;DaGw x'g'kg]{ 5 .
13
-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff !)_
-s_ efiff v08 k"0ff{ª\s M ^)
j|m=;+= ljwf pk ljwf kf7 ;ª\Vof ljifoj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= ;+:s[t uB -s_ syf # -s_ g}lts -s_ syfsyg lrq, Zofdkf6L, !) %
-v_ kf}/fl0fs -v_ j0f{g zAbkQL, jfSokQL,
-u_ ;fdflhs -u_ JofVofg kmnfl6g kf6L, uf]hL
-3_ k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf kf7\ok':ts,
-ª_ 5nkmn ;Gbe{;fdu|L
-r_ k|bz{g
-5_ k|of]u
-v_ @ -s_ k|fs[lts÷ ;fdflhs -s_ j0f{g lrq, Zofdkf6L, !) %
lgaGw -v_ ;f+:s[lts÷ j}1flgs -v_ 5nkmn zAbkQL, jfSokQL,
-u_ JofVofg tyf zAb;"rL, jfSo
k|jrg tflnsf
-3_ vf]h kf7\ok':ts,
-ª_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;Gbe{;fdu|L
-r_ cEof;
-5_ k|bz{g
-u_ ¿ks ! Psfª\sL -s_ j0f{g lrq clegLt !) !)
-3_ hLjgL @ -s_ snf÷;+:s[lt -v_ 5nkmn Psfª\sL k|bz{g
-v_ ljrf/s÷ -u_ ;+jfb zAbkQL, jfSokQL,
/fhgLlts -3_ clego kf7\ok':ts,
-ª_ kq ! 3/fo;L÷ Jofkfl/s -ª_ JofVofg ;Gbe{;fdu|L
-r_ k|Zgf]Q/
@= kB -s_ ! cfWoflTds÷ ;/:jtL÷ -s_ j0f{g zAbQL, jfSokQL, % %
:t'lt kB lzj÷ dfª\ulns -v_ cg'jfb kf7\ok':ts,
-u_ vf]h ;Gbe{;fdu|L cflb .
-v_ ! b]zelSt÷ g}lts÷ -3_ JofVofg
gLlt kB pkb]z÷ wd{;DaGwL -ª_ k|Zgf]Q/
-r_ cg's/0f
14
-u_ sfJofTds $ ;'Gb/, ;/;, ;/n, -5_ 5nkmn !) !)
kB sfJofTds kBx¿ -@)
Znf]s;Dd dfq_
#= 5Gb -s_ ;|Uw/f ! nIf0f pbfx/0f -s_ k|Zgf]q/ zAbQL, jfSokQL, % %
-v_ 5nkmn kf7\ok':ts,
-v_ xl/0fL -u_ k|of]u j0f{g ;Gbe{;fdu|L
-u_ :jfutf
$= efiff tŒj -s_ jfSo jfSo lgdf{0f / jfSo -s_ cfudg zAbkQL, jfSokQL, !) %
kl/jt{g -v_ lgudg kf7\ok':ts,
-c_ jfSo -v_ kb;ª\ult lnª\u, jrg / k'?ifsf -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;Gbe{;fdu|L cflb
;+/rgf cfwf/df jfSo kl/jt{g -3_ vf]h
-u_ jfRo st[{, sd{ / efj -ª_ zAb ;ª\sng
-3_ efj kl/ro, k|sf/ / k|of]u -r_ lj|mofkb ;ª\sng
tyf kl/jt{g
-ª_ sf/s klxrfg / k|of]u
-r_ sfn / kIf sfn / kIfsf cfwf/df
jfSo ¿kfGt/0f
-cf_ zAb -s_ ;lGw ;lGw / ljR5]b s_ cfudg zAbkQL, jfSokQL, !) %
lgdf{0f -v_ lgudg kf7\ok':ts,
-v_ pk;u{ / klxrfg / k|of]u -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;Gbe{;fdu|L cflb
k|Too -3_ vf]h
-u_ ;df; ;df; / lju|x -ª_zAb;ª\sng
-r_ lj|mofkb ;ª\sng
Jo'TklQ z4fz'l4 k|of]u ;'aGt, ltª\Gt, sf/s, -s_ ;+zf]wg Jofs/0fsf] lgod !) %
Ifdtf ;df;, s[bGt, tl4t / -v_ k|bz{g ;"rL,
:qL k|Toosf cfwf/df -u_ k|Zgf]Q/
jfSo ;+zf]wg -3_ vf]h
cg'jfb cg'jfb - ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnL / -s_ cg'jfb sIffdf pknAw !) %
b[i6f+z, cb[i6f+z_ g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf -v_ k|Zgf]Q/ b}lgs k|of]usf
cg'jfb -u_ k|bz{g lzIf0f ;fdu|L
hDdf () ^)
-v_ Jofs/0f v08 k"0ff{ª\s M $)
15
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
! ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof
-s_ cfj[lQv08 lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, cfudg Zofdk6\6, lrq, ¿k tflnsf !% !%
-;+1fk|s/0f ± k~r;lGw_
-v_ xnGt k'+lnª\u lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, cfudg Zofdk6\6, lrq, ¿k tflnsf !% !)
-u_ xnGt :qLlnª\u lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, cfudg Zofdk6\6, lrq, ¿k tflnsf !) %
-3_ xnGt gk'+;slnª\u lgudg JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, cfudg Zofdk6\6, lrq, ¿k tflnsf !) %
-ª_ cJoo -zAbfy{ / jfSodf k|of]u_ lgudg, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, cfudg Zofdk6\6, lrq, ¿k tflnsf, !) %
zAbfy{ sf/sLo lgod;"rL
hDdf ^) $)
b|i6Jo M
dflysf ljifo If]qsf cfwf/df kf7\ok':ts tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;|f]t u|Gysf ¿kdf Jofs/0fsf nflu dWol;4fGt sf}d'bLnfO{ lng'kg]{ 5 . o;f] ubf{ efiff v08df k|of]u ePsf
eflifs ;+/rgf / Jofs/0fsf] cGt/;DaGw k|fof]lus ¿kdf x'g'kg]{ 5 . uB / kB v08sf] / Jofs/0f v08sf] Pp6} kf7\ok':ts x'g] 5 . kf7\ok':ts tof/ ubf{ kf7\oef/sf]
cfwf/df kf7ljefhg u/L tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5 .
16
-5_ efifftŒj / Jo'TklQsf af/]df If]q lgwf{/0f
!= zAb M zf/Ll/s, kfl/jfl/s, ljBfnoLo, ;f+:s[lts, k|fs[lts, Jofjxfl/s,
kfl/eflifs, ;ª\Vofjfrs, ljz]if0f jfrs, k|fljlws ;j{gfd jfrs / cJoo .
@= wft' M e", k7, rn\, x;\, jb\, kt\, kf, vfb\, j|mL8\, lnv\, ud\, kr\, hLj\, gd\,
wfj\, Toh\, b[z\, ne\, >', gL, ofr\, ?b\, lh, s[, vg\, /If, bf, gz\, ch\{,
lj±s\;\, cf±ud\, lj±t[\, cj±t[, pb\±8L, k|±ljz\, lj±r/\, c6\, z'e\, g[t\,
;x\, :d[\, u}, zL, nHh, ?x\, x\, /d\, :yf -lti7\_, ck\{, cf±j|m'z\, j[[t\, u0f\,
lg±j[t\, k|R5 -k[R5\_, j0f{, k"h\, r'/\, uh{\, lnk\,, sDk\, u'Dkm\, ;"r\, kl/±c6\,
l;w\, j[w\, jx\, :gf, zs\, sy\, j|mL, d'r\, c;\, ldn\, u|x\, Oif, ?w\, d[, cr{\, a|",|
wf, eL, lbj\, tg\, oL -wft'sf] cy{ / gf} nsf/sf] ¿kfjnL 1fg / k|of]u .
#= 0oGToflb M l0fr\, ;gGt, gfdwft', cfTdg]kb k/:d}kbsf] c+zsf] 1fg / k|of]u
.
$= s[bGtM s[To, tJot\, cgLo/\, ot, 0ot\, t[r\, 0j'n\, St, Stjt', zt[, zfgr\,
l0fgL, cr\, s, c0f\, lSjk\, t'd'g\, 3`\, cr\, lStg\, efj] St, No'6\, vn\, STjf,
Nok\, 0fd'n\ oL k|Too nfu]sf zAbx¿sf] 1fg / k|of]u .
%= sf/s M ;Dk"0f{ -1fg / k|of]u_
^= ;df; M cJooLefj, tTk'?if, sd{wf/o, låu', ax'a|Llx, åGå -;fdfGo kl/ro /
pbfx/0f_
&= tl4t M c`\, O`\, 9s\, 5, do6\, Olg, c0f\, 7s\, v`\, 7`\, ot\, 7g\, dt'k\,
tl;n, qn\, Tjt\, tn\, Odlgh k|Too nfu]sf zAbx¿sf] 1fg / k|of]u .
*= :qLk|Too M 6fk\, ªLk\, ªLif\ k|Too nfu]sf zAbx¿sf] 1fg / k|of]u .
-h_ lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
-c_ >j0f;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• zAbx¿ lzIfsn] k9\g] / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;'Gg nufpg],
• syf, lgaGw, hLjgL / kB lzIfsn] k9\g] / cy{ a'em\g] u/L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'Gg
nufpg],
• >'ltn]vgsf ¿kdf kf7sf c+zx¿ lzIfsn] eGg] / ljBfyL{nfO{ n]Vg nufpg],
• k|Zg ;f]Wbf pQ/ lbg'k5{ eGg] 7fgL ;'Gg nufpg],
• ;'g]sf s'/f c¿nfO{ a'emfpg ;Sg] u/L ;'Gg nufpg],
• k|;f/0fsf dfWodaf6 k|;fl/t ljifoj:t' a'em]/ ;'Gg nufpg],
• syfsyg, ;+jfb h:tf ljifoj:t'nfO{ jStfsf] r]i6f xfpefp / clegosf] Vofn
u/L ;'Gg nufpg] .
-cf_ syg;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• lj|mof gePsf jfSoaf6 ;'? ug]{ / j|mdzM stf{, sd{ / lj|mof ePsf jfSodf
af]Ng cEof; u/fpg],
• ;/n / cfkm"n] k|of]u ul/;]ssf zAb k|of]u u/L af]Ng nufpg],
• k|Zgf]Q/sf ¿kdf af]Ng nufpg],
17
• jftf{nfksf ¿kdf af]Ng nufpg],
• cj:yfcg';f/ ;+od / lzi6tfk"j{s af]Ng nufpg],
• ts{;ª\ut / k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] ;+oldt eO{ af]Ng nufpg],
• ;'g]sf b]v]sf / k9]sf ljifoj:t'nfO{ clegofTds tl/sfn] af]Ng nufpg],
• efif0f, jfbljjfb, k|jrg h:tf sfo{j|mddf af]Ng clek|]l/t ug]{,
-O_ k7g;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• zAbx¿nfO{ z'4;“u pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg],
• lgwf{l/t uB / kB ;:j/ / df}g ¿kdf k9\g nufpg],
• lgwf{l/t uB / kB JofVof, ljZn]if0f a'“bf l6kf]6, efjlj:tf/ / af]wfTds
pQ/ lbg ;Sg] u/L cy{ a'em]/ k9\g nufpg],
• lj>fdsf] Vofn u/L 5Gbcg';f/ no xfnL lgwf{l/t kBx¿ k9\g nufpg],
• kfblj>fd, cw{lj>fd, k"0f{lj>fd, k|Zglrx\g, pb\uf/lrx\g OToflb lrx\gx¿sf]
Vofn u/L k9\g nufpg],
• kl7t ljifosf] tfTko{ u|x0f ug{ ;Sg] u/L k9\g nufpg],
-O{_ n]vg ;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• cg'n]vgsf ¿kdf ;kmf / /fd|f] cIf/ n]Vg nufpg],
• kfblj>fd, cw{lj>fd, k"0f{lj>fd, k|Zglrx\g, pb\uf/lrx\gx¿ k|of]u u/L n]Vg
nufpg],
• k|;ª\ucg';f/ cg'R5]b 5'6\ofP/ n]Vg nufpg],
• ;fdfGo, kfl/eflifs, k|fljlws zAbx¿sf] plrt k|of]u u/L n]Vg nufpg],
• 36gf, b[Zo / lrqsf] j0f{g, lr7L, lgj]bg, k|aGw hLjgL ;+jfb, syf, lgaGw
n]Vg nufpg],
• kf7df k|o'St ljlzi6 kª\lStsf] JofVof, efjfy{ jf efjlj:tf/ ug{ nufpg]
• k9]sf / ;'g]sf ljifoj:t'sf] ;f/f+z a'“bf l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg],
• kl7t Jofs/0fsf] cfwf/df cfwf/e"t tŒj a'emL ;+:s[t efiffdf lgwf{l/t
k|Zgf]Q/ ug{ nufpg] .
-p_ Jofs/0f lzIf0f;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0f ljlw tyf lj|mofsnfk
• ;+:s[t Jofs/0f lzIf0fdf cfudg ljlw / lgudg ljlwsf] ;dGjo u/L
lzIf0f ubf{ a9L pkof]uL b]lvPsfn] ;f]xLcg';f/ lzIf0f ug]{,
• kl/efiff ;"qsf ;xfotfn] ;"qfy{ lgsfNg], h:t} M cg'j[lQ ;"q, clwsf/ ;"q,
kl/efiff ;"q cflb ;"qsf ;xfotfn] ;"qfy{ lgsfNg],
• d'Vod'Vo ;"qsf] k|of]u u/L ¿kl;l4 u/fpg],
• Jofs/0fsf kfl/eflifs zAbx¿ 5gf]6 u/L cy{ :ki6 kfl/lbg],
• lgwf{l/t Jofs/0fsf k|s/0fx¿sf] lzIf0f ubf{ klxn] k|z:t pbfx/0fsf]
cEof; u/fpg] . To;sf nflu lzIfs cfkm}“n] ;ª\sng ug]{ / ljBfyL{nfO{
18
klg ;ª\sng ug{ nufpg] . k|z:t cEof; u/fO;s]kl5 dfq ;"qsf] lgod
atfO{ lzIf0f u/fpg],
• cr\–;lGw, xn\–;lGw, lj;u{ ;lGwsf] lzIf0f ubf{ tt\ tt\ k|s/0fsf tt\ tt\
pbfx/0f lbO{ k|z:t cEof; u/fO;s]kl5 dfq ;"qsf] lgod atfO{ lzIf0f
u/fpg],
• cr\–;lGw, xn\–;lGw / lj;u{ ;lGwsf] lzIf0f ubf{ tt\ t\t\ k|s/0fsf tt\ tt\
pbfx/0fdf lbO{ k|z:t cEof; u/fO{ To;kl5 dfq ;"q atfOlbg],
• ;"q lzIf0f u/L cy{ elglbg] / cy{cg';f/sf pbfx/0f lbg], lzIf0f k|lj|mofnfO{
;s];Dd sd k|of]udf Nofpg],
• ;j{k|yd zAbsf k|s[lt k|Toosf] lzIf0f gu/L l;4 zAb g} lzIf0f ug]{ /
To;kl5 dfq k|s[lt k|Toosf] lzIf0f ug]{,
• s'g} Pp6f zAbsf] ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mofsf] lzIf0f u/]kl5 ;dfg k|s[ltsf
zAbx¿sf] ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof ;dfg x'G5 egL :ki6 kfl/lbg],
• efiff lzIf0fsf] j|mddf Jofs/0fsf lgodaf6 lgwf{l/t ;lGw, ¿k, ¿kl;l4
k|lj|mof cJoo / sf/sLo lgod ;Ddt k|o'St ePsf kb / jfSox¿sf
pbfx/0fx¿ ;+:s[tsf kf7\ok':tsaf6 lzIfsn] vf]hL ljBfyL{nfO{ atfOlbg],
• kl7t Jofs/0fsf cfwf/df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;lGwsf] zAb ¿ktflnsf / wft'
¿ktflnsf agfpg nufpg],
• sf/s / ljelSt s[bGt, tl4tfGt / ;df;sf] ;"rL lzIfsn] agfpg] /
ljBfyL{nfO{ klg agfpg nufpg],
• kfl0flgsf] ci6fWofoLaf6 lnPsf ;"qx¿sf] :ki6fy{sf nflu j[lQ JofVof,
k|of]u ;fwg k|lj|mof ;dfj]z ul/Psf x'g\ eGg] cfwf/df lzIf0f ug]{,
• ;"qx¿sf] lzif0f ubf{ ;+1f kl/efiff, ljlw, lgod, cfb]z / clwsf/ kIfsf]
kl/ro lbg] . o:tf] kl/ronfO{ ;}4flGts gagfO{ Jofjxfl/s k|of]hgsf]
cfwf/df atfOlbg] .
(= d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof
kf7\oj|mdåf/f lglb{i6 p2]Zo k|flKt eP–gePsf] s'/f d"Nofª\sgaf6} yfxf kfOGf] ePsfn]
kf7\oj|mdn] tf]s]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ljifoj:t'nfO{ ;d]l6g] u/L k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . o;sf]
nflu ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tM cfwf/
agfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . cfGtl/s k/LIff lnO{ ;+:s[t efiffdf ;'gfO / af]nfO ;Lksf]
d"Nofª\sg ug]{, afx\o k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'gnfO{ ;f] cª\s u0fgf gug]{ k9fO / n]vfO
;Lksf] d"Nofª\sg n]vfOåf/f jflif{s k/LIffaf6 ug]{ u/L Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{ 5 . sIff
!) sf] kf7\oj|md / kf7\ok':tssf cfwf/df k"j{ dWodf -P;Pn;L_ k/LIff x'g] 5 .
19
cª\s ljefhg tflnsf
sIff ( sIff !)
ljifo k"0ff{ª\s ljifo k"0ff{ª\s

;+:s[t uB syf @) ;+:s[t uB syf @)
lgaGw lgaGw
;+jfb Psfª\sL
hLjgL hLjgL
lr7L lr7L
;+:s[t kB :t'lt kB @) ;+:s[t kB :t'lt kB @)
/ 5Gb gLlt kB 5Gb gLlt kB
sfJofTds kB / ;flxlTos kB
5Gb
efiff tŒj jfSo ;+/rgf @) jfSo ;+/rgf @)
zAb lgdf{0f zAblgdf{0f
cg'jfb / cg'jfb /
Jo'TklQ Jo'TklQ
Jofs/0f ;+1f k|s/0f $) Jofs/0f cfj[lQ v08 $)
k~r ;lGw, -;+1fk|s/0f±
chGt k'+lnª\u, k~r;lGw_
chGt :qLlnª\u, xnGt
chGt :qLlnª\u
gk'+;slnª\u / xnGt
Jo'TklQ gk'+;slnª\u
cJoo /
sf/s
hDdf !)) hDdf !))
20
P]lR5s ;+:s[t Jofs/0f
-;+:s[t tyf j]b ljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;+;f/e/ pknAw 1fglj1fgsf d'Vo u|Gyx¿dWo] ;j{k|frLg u|Gy j]bsf] cWoog /
cg';Gwfgdf Jofs/0fsf] dxŒjk"0f{ :yfg 5 . Jofs/0fnfO{ j]bsf 5 cª\udWo] d'vsf]
¿kdf dflgPsf] 5 . ;+:s[t Jofs/0fsf lgodx¿sf] lgwf{/0f kfl0flgeGbf cl3 OGb|,
cflkzln, kf}:s/zflb, sfzs[T:gh:tf ljåfg\x¿n] u/]sf eP klg ;+:s[t Jofs/0fnfO{
k"0f{ Jojl:yt ug]{ sfd kfl0flgaf6 x'gfn] xfn;Dd klg ;+:s[tsf] Jofs/0f eGg] lalQs}
kfl0flgsf] Jofs/0f a'lemG5 . o;df nf}lss tyf j}lbs ;+:s[tsf lgodx¿ kfOG5g\ .
oxL k/Dk/fcg';f/ ljBfnoLo kf7\oj|mddf kfl0fgLo Jofs/0fnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
sIff gf}b]lv P]lR5s Jofs/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . of] ljifosf] kf7\oj|md ;+:s[t
ljBfnodf k9fOg] 5cf]6f zf:qLo P]lR5s ljifodWo] Ps ljifosf] ¿kdf tof/
ul/Psf] xf] .
o; ljifosf] kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g ubf{ lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 M
– kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;/n, k|fof]lus, ;do;fk]If / :t/Lo agfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5,
– sIff ( / !) sf] kf7\oj|mddf :t/ut ;ª\ult ldnfg ul/Psf] 5,
– ljleGg ;dodf ;+:s[tfg'/fuL lzIfs tyf cleefjsx¿n] kf7\oj|md ljsf;
s]Gb|df lbPsf ;'emfj ;/;NnfxnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ lzIff l;4fGtcg'¿k
ljifoj:t'sf] ;dfof]hg ul/Psf] 5,
– ljwfsf] If]q / j|md :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5,
– ljBfyL{sf] :t/ut Ifdtf, ?lr / ;LknfO{ Wofg lbOPsf] 5,
– ;+:s[t tyf g]kfnLsf zAbx¿sf] z'4 pRrf/0f, n]vg tyf zAbe08f/sf] j[l4df
hf]8 lbOPsf] 5,
– kf7\oef/ / cª\sef/sf] tfnd]n ldnfOPsf] 5,
– ;fdfGo p2]Zo tyf ljlzi6 p2]Zodf ;ª\ult :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5,
– dflyNnf] txdf Jofs/0f cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/sf] ¿kdf kf7\oj|md th'{df
ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
dfWolds :t/sf] Jofs/0f ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{
;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f ug{, pRrf/0f:yfg, k|oTg / ;+1f atfpg,
@= ;+:s[t efiffsf cr\, xn\ / lj;u{ ;lGwk|lj|mof atfpg,
#= ;+:s[tsf chGt zAbx¿sf] z'4 ¿k;fwg ug{,
$= ;+:s[tsf xnGt zAbx¿sf] z'4 ¿k;fwg ug{,
%= cJoo zAbx¿sf] cy{ atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
21
^= ;+:s[tsf zAbx¿sf] :qLk|ToofGt ¿k l;4 ug{ / k|of]u ug{,
&= dflyNnf] txdf ;+:s[t Jofs/0f cWoogsf] k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ .
sIff
( sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ljleGg k|Tofxf/x¿ l;4 ug{ / k|of]u ug{,
@= cr\, xn\ / lj;u{sf] e]b atfpg,
#= j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f:yfg / k|oTg atfpg,
$= cj;fg, ;+of]u, ;+lxtf, ;j0f{, u'0f, j[l4h:tf Jofs/0fsf kfl/eflifs ;+1fx¿
atfpg,
%= cr\, xn\, lj;u{ tyf :jflb;lGw ug{ tyf ;lGwljR5]b ug{,
^= chGt k'+lnª\uL, :qLlnª\uL tyf gk'+;slnª\uL zAbx¿sf] ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof hfGg,
¿kfjnL atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
&= d'lgqod\===, xnGTod\, gfHemnf}, k"j{qfl;4d\, s[Ql4t;df;fZr h:tf JofVo]o
:ynsf]
;ª\lIfKt JofVof ug{ / pRr:t/Lo 6Lsfu|Gy k9\g] cfwf/e"t of]Uotf xfl;n ug{ .

sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j0f{x¿sf] k|oTg, k|Tofxf/, ;+1f tyf pRrf/0f :yfg atfpg / pRrf/0f ug{,
@= chGt k'+lnª\uL chGt :qLlnª\uL tyf chGt gk'+;slnª\uL zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnLsf]
k|of]u ug{ tyf ¿kl;l4k|lj|mof j0f{g ug{,
#= xnGt k'+lnª\uL, :qLlnª\uL tyf gk'+;slnª\uL zAbx¿sf] ¿kl;l4k|lj|mof hfGg,
n]Vg, ¿kfjnL atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
$= ;+:s[tsf cJoo zAbx¿sf] klxrfg u/L cy{ atfpg / ltgsf] jfSodf k|of]u
ug{,
%= zAbaf6 :qLk|ToofGt k|lj|mofåf/f ¿kl;4 ug{ / ltgsf] jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
^= ¿kl;l4df k|of]u x'g] ljleGg kl/efiffx¿sf] cy{ atfpg / k|of]u ug,{
&= ;"qfy{af]w ubf{ cg'j[lQ, cWofxf/ k4ltnfO{ a'emL Jo'TklQ atfpg,
*= ;"qx¿sf] 7Ls7Ls cy{ a'emL ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mofdf k|of]u ug{ / pRr:t/Lo
6Lsfu|Gy k9\g] cfwf/e"t of]Uotf xfl;n ug{ .
22
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= ;+1f k|s/0f cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, Wjlg cjoj b]lvg] lrqx¿ @% !%
5nkmn .
@= kl/efiff k|s/0f cfudg, lgudg, JofVofg, kl/efiff ;"q;"rL !) %
5nkmn .
#= cr\;lGw cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;lGwePsf / ;lGw gePsf #) @)
JofVofg zAbx¿sf] ;"rL
cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;lGwePsf / ;lGw gePsf
$= xn\;lGw JofVofg, 5nkmn . zAbx¿sf] ;"rL @% !%
%= lj;u{;lGw cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;lGwePsf / ;lGw gePsf !) %

JofVofg, zAb;"rL
lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, ;lGwePsf / ;lGw gePsf
^= :jflb;lGw 5nkmn . zAb;"rL !) %
&= chGt k'+lnª\u cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL @% @)

JofVofg,
cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL
*= chGt :qLlnª\u JofVofg, 5nkmn . !) !)
(= chGt gk'+;slnª\u cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL % %

JofVofg,
hDdf !%) !))
23
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0fljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
:yfg, k|oTg,
k|Tofxf/, ;+1f
o0f\, coflb, u'0f,
j[l4, k"j{¿k, k/¿k, Wjlg cjoj b]lvg]
Zr'Tj, i6'Tj ;lGw lrqx¿
chGt k'+lnª\u – cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, kl/efiff ;"q;"rL
!= cfj[lQv08 /fd, xl/, ;j{, ;lv JofVofg, 5nkmn . ;lGwePsf / ;lGw g #) @@
zAb ePsf zAbx¿sf] ;"rL
chGt :qLlnª\u– ljleGg zAbx¿sf]
/df, dlt zAb ¿kfjnL
chGt
gk'+;slnª\s–
1fg, jfl/, blw zAb
cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf]
@= xnGt k'+lnª\u k|s/0f JofVofg, 5nkmn ¿kfjnL $) #&
#= xnGt :qLlnª\u k|s/0f JofVofg, 5nkmn @) ^
¿kfjnL
$= xnGt gk'+;slnª\u k|s/0f JofVofg, 5nkmn ¿kfjnL !% ^
cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/,
%= cJoo k|s/0f JofVofg, 5nkmn cJoo–zAbfy{ tflnsf @) (
cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, :qLk|ToofGt zAb
^= :qLk|Too JofVofg, 5nkmn . tflnsf @% @)
hDdf !%) !))
24
25
-5_ lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
!= cWofksn] jflif{s lzIf0f of]hgf, PsfO of]hgf / b}lgs kf7of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L
;f]cg';f/ lzIf0f ug'{kb{5 .
@= lzIf0fsf] dfWod efiffsf] ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiff g} k|of]u ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;+:s[t
dfWodn] a'emfp“bf efj :ki6 ug{ g;lsg] eP dfq g]kfnL efiffnfO{ sxL“sxL“
k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg] 5 .
#= lzIf0f ubf{ lzIfsn] v'?v'? gatfO{ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|Zg ub}{ pgLx¿n] lbPsf]
pQ/df ;+zf]wg ub}{ ljifo k|j]z ug'{kb{5 .
$= ;lGwsf] cWofkg ubf{ ljleGg pbfx/0f lbO{ ;lGw ug{ nufpg'kb{5 / ljBfyL{
cfkm“}nfO{ ;lGwsf] lgod kQf nufpg nufpg'kb{5, ;lGwsf] lgdo kQf nufpg
g;s]df cfkm}“n] atfOlbg'kb{5 / ;"q klg cy{;lxt atfO{ cGo pbfx/0fx¿
atfpg nufpg'kb{5 .
%= chGt k'+lnª\usf zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL / lgdf{0fk|lj|mof l;sfpg'eGbf cl3 Ps}
lsl;dsf zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL b]vfO{ ltgLx¿df ;dfgtf / leGgtf klxNofpg
nufpg'kb{5, h:t}M /fd:o / afns:o df lsg / s:tf] ;dfgtf 5 ljBfyL{nfO{
kQf nufpg nufpg'kb{5, /fd]0f / afns]g df s:tf] ;dfgtf / s:tf]
c;dfgtf 5 ;f]Wg] Pjd\ 0fTj ePsf] / gePsf] sf/0f kQf nufpg ;xof]u
k'Ug] u/L y'k|} pbfx/0fx¿ lbg'kb{5 .
^= o:t} k|lj|mof :qL / gk'+;s lnª\uL-xnGt ;lxtsf_ zAbdf klg k|of]u ug{'kb{5 .
&= cJoosf] cWofkg ug{ ;'? ubf{ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ g} pgLx¿n] hfg]sf cJoo
zAbx¿ eGg nufpg'kb{5 / ltgLx¿sf] cy{ ;f]Wg'kb{5 . Pp6} cJoonfO{
ljleGg jfSodf k|of]u ug{ nufO{ h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg cJoodf kl/jt{g
gcfPsf] b]vfOlbg'kb{5 / cJoosf] kl/efiff agfpg nufpg'kb{5 -ljBfyL{nfO{
w]/} cJoo zAb atfpg lbO{ cfkm"n] clncln ;xof]u ug]{_ .
*= :qLk|ToofGt zAbx¿ k9fpg'eGbf cufl8 pgLx¿n] hfg]sf k'+jfrL tyf
:qLjfrL zAbx¿ atfpg nufpg'kb{5 . -h:t}M afnssf] :qLjfrL zAb ;f]Wg],
g/sf] :qLjfrL zAb ;f]Wg] cflb_ s'g} zAbsf] k5fl8 cf tyf s'g} zAbsf]
k5fl8 O{ ylkPsf] b]vfO{ j|mdzM pbfx/0f lb+“b} lj:tf/} ;"q atfpg] / Tof]
;"qåf/f lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsg] cGo zAbx¿ agfpg nufpg'kb{5 .
(= Jofs/0f lzIf0fsf] d'Vo p2]Zo eflifs z'4tf / zAb Jo'Tkfbg, ¿kl;l4 h:tf
dxŒjk"0f{ cª\udf Wofg lbO{ eflifs ;Lk -;'gfO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO_ sf]
;Gt'lnt ljsf;df hf]8 lbg'kb{5 .
-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof
lzIf0f k|lj|mofsf ;fy;fy} ljifoj:t'sf] d"Nofª\sg lg/Gt/ ¿kdf ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s b'j} ¿kn] lzIf0f pknlAwnfO{ dfkg ub}{ hfg'k5{ . o:tf]
d"Nofª\sg cWoogs} j|mddf df}lvs ¿kn] / kf7 tyf PsfOsf] cGtdf lnlvt ¿kdf
lng'k5{ . df}lvs tyf lnlvt k/LIffsf dfWodn] kf7/PsfO / k|s/0fut ¿kdf
ljBfyL{x¿sf] pknlAw dfkg ug'{k5{ . d"Nofª\sgsf j|mddf k|Tofxf/, Wjlg, j0f{, :yfg,
k|oTg, ;lGw, ¿kfog k|lj|mof, k'+lnª\u, :qLlnª\u, gk'+;slnª\usf ¿kx¿, ¿k;fwg
25
k|lj|mof, ;"qfy{, cJoosf] cy{, :qLk|ToofGt zAblgdf{0fk|lj|mof h:tf lgwf{l/t
ljifoj:t'sf] ;a} kIfsf] d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{ 5 . sIff ( sf] jflif{s k/LIff ;~rfng
k|s/0fut k"0ff{ª\ssf] cfwf/df k|Zgkq lgdf{0f u/L ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ 5 . sIff !) sf]
jflif{s k/LIff -P;Pn;L_ sf] k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ubf{ ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf
k|Zgkqsf cfwf/df ug'{kg]{ 5 .
sIff ( sf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDgfg';f/ cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M
j|m=;+= If]q cª\sef/ -k|ltztdf_
!= ;+1f k|s/0f !%
@= kl/efiff k|s/0f %
#= cr\;lGw @)
$= xn\;lGw !%
%= lj;u{;lGw %
^= :jflb;lGw %
&= chGt k'+lnª\u @)
*= chGt :qLlnª\u !)
(= chGt gk'+;slnª\u %
hDdf !))
sIff !) sf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDgfg';f/ cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M

j|m=;+= If]q cª\sef/ -k|ltztdf_
!= ;+1f k|s/0f, k~r ;lGw, chGt k'lnª\u, @@
chGt :qLlnª\u, chGt gk'+;slnª\u
@= xnGt k+'lnª\u #&
#= xnGt :qLlnª\u ^
$= xnGt gk'+;slnª\u ^
%= cJoo (
^= :qLk|Too @)
hDdf !))
26
P]lR5s Hof]ltif
-;+:s[t tyf j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
Hof]ltifzf:q j]bsf] cª\u xf] . of] zf:qnfO{ l;4fGt / kmlnt u/L b'O{ ljifosf ¿kdf
pkof]u ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . l;4fGt Hof]ltifdf JoStfJoSt ul0ftsf cfwf/df lgwf{l/t
;"qx¿ / u|x :ki6Ls/0fflb lj|mofx¿sf] j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 eg] kmlnt Hof]ltifdf
nUgflbsf cfwf/df z'efz'e kmnfb]zsf] k/Dk/f /lxcfPsf] 5 . oxL k/Dk/fcg';f/
ljBfnoLo kf7\oj|mddf klg l;4fGt Hof]ltif / kmlnt Hof]ltif u/L b'j} ljifox¿
;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . l;4fGt Hof]ltif ;+dflj tyf j]bljBf>d df=lj= u/L b'j}
dfWolds ljBfnox¿df nfu" eO/x]sf] 5 eg] kmlnt Hof]ltif j]bljBf>d df=lj=tkm{
nfu" eO/x]sf] 5 . l;4fGt Hof]ltifdf ef:s/Lo nLnfjtL / aLhul0ftsf cltl/St
ljleGg /Llt Pjd\ cfsfzLo ljifonfO{{ klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} o; ljifodf
d'x"t{zf:q, hfts tyf k|d'v Hof]ltifLx¿sf] kl/ro / ltgLx¿sf sfo{sf] j0f{g ul/Psf]
5 . of] ljifo k/Dk/fut ljifosf ¿kdf dfWolds txdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] xf] . xfn of]
ljifonfO{ dfWolds txdf P]lR5s ljifosf] ¿kdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . oxL j|mddf
o; ljifosf] kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;do;fk]If agfpg j]nfj]nfdf kl/dfhg ul/“b} cfPsf] 5 .
xfn kl/jlt{t /fli6«o ;Gbe{;“u} kf7\oj|md kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePcg'¿k
Hof]ltif ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] xf] . of] kf7\oj|md lgDg cfwf/df
kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 M
– kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;d;fdlos kl/dfh{g u/L Jojl:yt agfOPsf] 5,
– ;+:s[tsf z'e]R5'sx¿åf/f ;do;dodf kqklqsf, lr7L, uf]i7L, ljBfnosf]
kqfrf/, e]63f6, jftf{nfk cflb ljleGg dfWodåf/f k|fKt /fo ;'emfjx¿nfO{
oyf]lrt :yfg lbOPsf] 5,
– Hof]ltif ljifosf] lzIf0fnfO{ ;/n / Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] 5,
– cfkm\gf] snf, ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/f, ;fdflhs d"No / dfGotf;“u tfnd]n ul/Psf]
5,
– ljifosf] If]q / j|md :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5,
– cfw'lgs ul0ft / Hof]ltif zf:qdf lglxt ljifoj:t'sf] ldnfg ub}{ ljlzi6
lj|mofx¿sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5,
– dflyNnf] txdf Hof]ltif ljifo cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/sf] ¿kdf o;
kf7\oj|mdnfO{ th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .
27
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
Hof]ltif ljifodf dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= JoSt ul0ft / cJoSt ul0ftsf lgwf{l/t ;"qx¿sf] cfjZostfg';f/ k|of]u
ug{,
@= cª\sul0ft / aLhul0ftsf cfwf/df Jofjxfl/s ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{,
#= ul0ftLo ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ / cfjZos o'lSt k|of]u ug{,
$= k|rlnt ;+:sf/sf nflu zf:q;Ddt z'ed'x"t{ atfpg / ;ª\lIfKt hGdklqsf
n]vL kmnfb]z ug{,
%= lgwf{l/t cfsfzLo lk08x¿ / cfsfzLo 36gfx¿sf] kl/ro lbg,
^= ljlzi6 Hof]ltifLx¿sf] kl/ro atfpg,
&= Hof]ltifzf:qsf] cWoogdf cle¿lr hufpg,
* Hof]ltifzf:qsf] pRr cWoogsf nflu rflxg] k|f/lDes 1fg xfl;n u/L ;f]xL
cg'¿k sfo{ ug{ / u/fpg .

sIff ( sf] Hof]ltif ljifosf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDg s'/fdf ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= ul0ft;DaGwL k|frLg kl/efiff atfpg / ju{, ju{d"n, 3g, 3gd"n ef:s/Lo
tyf cfw'lgs /Lltåf/f ul0ft ug{,
@= :jf+zfg'aGw, :jf+zfkjfx, z"Gosd{, ljnf]d, Oi6sd{, ;ª\j|md0f, ju{sd{, u'0fsd{,
q}/flzs, Jo:tq}/flzs / k~r;Ktgj/flzs ul0ftsf] dfWodn] ul0ft;DaGwL
;d:of ;dfwfg ug{,
#= j:t'ljlgdo, Jofh, wf/fkfgL / pBf]uwGbfsf] k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t ;fwf/0f
ul0ftsf ;d:of xn ug{,
$= ;'j0f{ ul0ft, 5Gbsf] k|:tf/, ;dsf]0flqe'hsf] nIf0f tyf ul0ft / j[QIf]qsf]
ul0ft ug{,
%= s/0fL, s'6\6s, ju{k|s[lt / rj|mjfnsf] ul0ft ug{,
^= Psj0f{ ;dLs/0fsf] k|Zgfg';f/ ;dLs/0f a;fnL cJoSt/flzsf] dfg kQf
nufpg,
&= k~rfª\usf cfwf/df lgwf{l/t ltly, kj{, j|t, u|xsf] jj|mL dfuL{ / /flz atfO{
ceLi6 sfo{sf nflu z'ed'x"t{ atfpg / j|tklqsf n]Vg,
*= Hof]ltifzf:qsf] kl/ro / ljefu atfO{ ;[li6j|md cfsfzuª\uf / ;f}/d08nsf]
kl/ro lbg,
(= ;ª\lIfKt hGdklqsf agfO{ kmnfb]z ug{ .
28
sIff !) sf] Hof]ltif ljifosf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDg ljifodf
;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= lqe'h tyf rt'e'{hsf] If]qkmn ;fwg ug{,
@= >]9L;DaGwL ul0ft ug{ / vft, lrlt, j|msr, /flz, 5fof Jojxf/ /
cª\skfz;DaGwL ul0ft ug{,
#= k|Zgsf] cfnfkcg';f/ Psj0f{ dWodfx/0f, cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0f, cg]s
j0f{ dWodfx/0f / efljtsf] ;dLs/0f a;fnL cJoStfª\ssf] JoStdfg
;fwg ug{,
$= ljjfx, u[xk|j]z / ofqfsf nflu z'ed'x"t{ atfpg / ljjfxsf]
nUgklqsf tof/ ug{,
%= ;ª\j|mflGtsf] nIf0f, k'0osfn, clwdf; / Ifodf;sf] kl/rosf ;fy}
logdf jHof{jHo{ sfo{ atfpg,
^= ;ª\lIfKt hGdklqsfsf] cfwf/df ;fdfGo kmnfb]z ug{,
&= pNsf, lbUbfx, OGb|wg'sf ;fy} u|xx¿sf] ;fdfGo kl/ro lbg,
*= u|x0fsf] jf:tljs :j¿k lgwf{/0f ug{,
(= lgwf{l/t Hof]ltifLx¿sf] kl/ro / sfo{ atfpg .
29
-ª_ ljifj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff (_
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' ljifoj:t'sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lzIf0f ljlw kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= -s_ k|frLg -s_ k|frLg ;dodf k|rlnt d'b|f, tf}n, b'/L / k|bz{g, k|Zgf]Q/, !% -s–r_!)
nLnfjtL kl/df0f kl/df0fsf kl/efiff k|of]ufTds, vf]h
-v_ ju{ / ju{d"n -v_ ju{;fwg ug]{ ef:s/sf rf/ k|sf/ / cfudg, lgudg,
ju{d"n;fwgsf] ljlw ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-u_ 3g / 3gd"n -u_ 3g ug]{ / 3gd"n Nofpg] ef:s/sf] tl/sf / uf]kfn JofVofg, cfudg,
kf“8]sf] 3gd"n Nofpg] ljlw lgudg, ;d:of
;dfwfg
-3_ :jf+zfg'aGw / -3_ pbfx/0f;lxt :jf+zfg'aGw / :jf+zfkjfxsf] lgod cfudg, lgudg,
:jf+zfkjfx nufO{ ul0ft ug]{ k|frLg /Llt ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-ª_ z"Go -c_ z"Gon] u'0fg efu cflb ubf{ x'g] kl/0ffd k|bz{g, cfudg,
kl/sdf{i6s / -cf_ Jo:tljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/ / o;nfO{ lgudg, JofVofg,
ljnf]d ul0ft pbfx/0fdf k|of]u ug]{ tl/sf ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ cfkm\gf] c+z;d]t hf]l8Psf] / 36]sf] l:yltdf ljnf]d 5nkmn
k4lt
-r_ Oi6sd{ -r_ Oi6sd{, åLi6sd{ / z]ifhfltsf cfwf/df xn ul/g] cfudg, lgudg,
Jofjxfl/s ul0ftLo pbfx/0fdf o:tf ul0ftsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg,
k|of]u ug]{ ljlw 5nkmn
30
-5_ ;ª\j|md0f, -c_ b'O{ /flzsf] of]u / cGt/, juf{Gt/ / cGt/ yfxf k|bz{g, cfudg,
ju{sd{ / u'0fsd{ kfO{ b'O{ /flz kQf nufpg] k4lt / ju{sd{sf] klxnf] lgudg, JofVofg,
;"qsf] k|of]u ug]{ /Llt / u'0fsd{;DaGwL ul0ft ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-cf_ s'g} cª\såf/f u'l0ft ÷ljeflht /flzsf] d"nsf] 5nkmn
s]xL u'gf / /flzsf] s'g} efu hf]l8Psf] jf 36]sf]
l:yltdf b[Zofª\snfO{ cfwf/ dfgL /flz kQf
nufpg] ljlw
-h_ q}/flzs / -h_ ;fdfGo q}/flzs / Jo:tq}/flzssf] e]b a'emL ltgsf] cfudg, lgudg,
k~r/flzsflb k|of]u Pjd\ q}/flzssf cfwf/df k~r, ;Kt, gj, ;d:of ;dfwfg,
Psfbz /flzsf] pbfx/0fdf OR5fkmn ;fwg ug]{ /Llt 5nkmn
-em_ ld>Jojxf/ -em_ ef08k|ltef08, wf/fkfgL, pBf]u / Jofkf/sf] cfudg, lgudg, @% -5–8_!%
k|ltkmn 5'6\ofpg] ul0ft;d]t ld>Jojxf/sf] ul0ft ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-`_ ;'j0f{ ul0ft -`_ ;'gsf] bfu / kl/df0f kQf nufpg] d'Vo cfwf/ ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-6_ 5Gbx¿sf] -6_ ufoœoflb 5Gbx¿sf] k|:tf/ / ljleGg /;åf/f aGg] cfudg, lgudg,
k|:tf/ kbfy{x¿sf] e]b 1fg ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-7_ If]qJojxf/ -c_ e'h, sf]l6, s0f{sf] kl/ro / oLdWo] s'g} b'O{ yfxf cfudg, lgudg,
kfO{ csf]{ kQf nufpg] lgod ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-cf_ e'h, sf]l6 / s0f{dWo] s'g} b'O{sf] of]u jf cGt/ / cfudg, lgudg,
csf]{ yfxf kfO{ e'h, sf]l6/ s0f{ yfxf kfpg] ljlw ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
31
-O_ sf]l6sf] 6'j|mfn] ;lxt ePsf] s0f{ / e'h yfxf kfPdf cfudg, lgudg,
e'h sf]l6 s0f{ yfxf kfpg] ljlw / ;dsf]0f lqe'hsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg,
If]qkmn 5nkmn
-8_ j[QJojxf/ -8_ Jof;–kl/lw;DaGw, j[QIf]qkmn, uf]nk[i7kmn / k|bz{g, cfudg,
uf]n3gkmn tyf z/, hLjf / Jof;dWo] s'g} b'O{sf] lgudg, JofVofg,
1fgaf6 csf]{ kQf nufpg] pkfo ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
@= aLh -s_ s/0fL -s_ k|rlnt cfw'lgs ljlw;lxt s/0fLsf] hf]8, 36fp, ;d:of ;dfwfg, !) -s–v_ !)
ul0ft u'0fg, efu, ju{ / ju{d"n;fwg 5nkmn
-v_ s'6\6s -v_ s'6\6s / ;+lZni6 s'6\6ssf cfwf/df u'0fnlAw cfudg, lgudg, ;d:of @% -u–3_@)
;fwg ;dfwfg, 5nkmn
-u_ ju{k|s[lt / -u_ ju{k|s[lt / rj|mjfnsf cfwf/df Oi6k|s[lt / cfudg, lgudg
rj|mjfn ceLi6If]kdf slgi7 Ho]i7 d"n;fwg
-3_ Psj0f{ -c_ Psj0f{ ;dLs/0fdf cJoSt/flzsf] JoStdfg ;fwg cfudg, lgudg,
;dLs/0f ug]{ /Llt ;d:of;dfwfg, 5nkmn
-cf_ pbfx/0fcg';f/ Psj0f{;dLs/0fsf] ;dLs/0f agfO{
To;sf cfwf/df JoStdfg ;fwg ug]{ /Llt
#= d'x"t{ -s_ d'x"t{ 1fgsf] -c_ k~rfª\u -ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u, s/0f_ sf] gfd, k|bz{g, ;f]wk'5, ^ -c–O_%
dft{08 cfwf/ ;ª\Vof / ;fdfGo kl/ro JofVofg, 5nkmn, vf]h,
-cf_ g]kfnL k~rfª\usf] cfwf/df j|t, kj{, ;+jT;/, k|Zgf]Q/
cog, Ct', df;, ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u, s/0f, eb|f,
u|x a;]sf] /flzsf] dflns, u|xx¿sf] pbo c:t,
jj|mL dfuL{ / ;ª\j|mflGtsf] 1fg
-O_ u|xx¿sf] pRr, gLr, zq', ldq, z'e / cz'esf]
hfgsf/L
32
-v_ d'x"t{1fg -O{_ k|rlnt k~rfª\usf] cfwf/df ceLi6sflns u|x k|bz{g, JofVofg, !% -O{–p_!)
:ki6Ls/0f, k|yd nUg;fwg / nUgaf6 5nkmn, vf]h, k|Zgf]Q/
Oi6sfn;fwg
-p_ ;fdfGo nUgan, cIf/fDe, s0f{j]w, cGgk|fzg /
r"8fd'x"{t, r"8fsfn, r"8fdf nUgan, pkgogsfn,
j|taGwd"x"t{, pkgogdf u|xz'l4, j|taGwsf]
nUgeª\uof]u, ljBf/De d'x"t{ / j|taGwsf nflu
nUgklqsf n]Vg] ljlw
$=Hof]ltif -s_ Hof]ltif -s_ Hof]ltifzf:qsf] kl/ro / p2]Zo tyf JofVofg, 5nkmn, vf]h, & -s–v_%
kl/ro zf:qsf] kl/ro / Hof]ltifzf:qsf] k|frLg / gjLg ljefux¿ k|Zgf]Q/
ljefu
-v_ k~rfª\u -v_ ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u / s/0fsf] ul0ftLo cfwf/ / k|bz{g, JofVofg,
kl/ro kl/ro 5nkmn, vf]h,k|Zgf]Q/
-u_ ;[li6l;4fGt -c_ k|frLg Oltxf; k'/f0fdf cfl>t ;[li6l;4fGt JofVofg, 5nkmn, vf]h, !% -u–3_ !)
-cf_ cfw'lgs ;[li6l;4fGt k|Zgf]Q/
-p_ u|xf]TklQl;4fGt
-3_ cfsfzuª\uf -c_ cfsfzuª\uf / o;leq /x]sf] k|l;4 ¿kfsf/ JofVofg, ;f]wk'5,
/ ;f}/d08n gIfqx¿sf] kl/ro 5nkmn, vf]h, k|Zgf]Q/
-cf_ xfd|f] ;f}/d08nsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro, lzz'u|x,
cjfGt/u|x, k'R5]|«tf/fsf] kl/ro
33
%= hfts -s_ ;ª\lIfKt -c_ eoft eef]u;fwg, d"n cZn]iff hGdkmn JofVofg, 5nkmn, vf]h, !@ -c–cf_%
zf:q hGdklqsf lgdf{0f -cf_ if8\ju{1fg, nUgs'08nL / /flzs'08nL lgdf{0f k|Zgf]Q/
-O_ e'Stf]g lj+zf]Q/L, lqefuL tyf of]lugLbzf;fwg
-O{_ ;fdfGohGdklqsf lgdf{0f / efj:yu|x / bz]zsf
cfwf/df kmnfb]z / ;eª\uafnfl/i61fg @) -O–O{_!)
hDdf !%) !))
-r_ ljifj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff !)_

j|md ljifoj:t' ljifoj:t'sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lzIf0f ljlw kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= -s_ >]9LJojxf/ -c_ ;ª\slnt, ;ª\slnt}So ju{of]u cflb ro kb k|bz{g, cfudg, !% -s–u_!)
nLnfjtL -v_ If]qJojxf/ ;j{wg / u'0ff]Q/rodf ;j{wg ;fwg lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ lqe'hsf] cfjfwf nDa / If]qkmn Nofpg] /Llt ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ rt'e'{hsf] If]qkmn / If]qkmn ;fwg ubf{ nDa / 5nkmn
s0f{sf] dxŒj / cIf]q nIf0f
-O{_ ;drt'e'{h, cfot, ju{ / ;dnDa rt'e'{hsf]
If]qkmn
-u_ vftJojxf/ -u_ ;dvft, ljifdvft / ;"rLvftsf] 3gkmn ;fwg k|bz{g, cfudg,
lgudg, 5nkmn
-3_ lrlt / -3_ lrltsf] 3gkmn, Oli6sfsf] 3gkmn, 3gkmnsf k|bz{g, cfudg, @% -3–5_!%
j|msrJojxf/ cfwf/df Oli6sf;ª\Vof ;fwg / j|msr ul0ft lgudg, JofVofg,
;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-ª_ /flzJojxf/ -ª_ j[Qfsf/, s'gf] tyf leQfdf /x]sf cgfhsf] 3gkmn k|bz{g, cfudg,
lgudg, JofVofg
34
-r_ 5fofJojxf/ -r_ 5fof, zª\s' / bLkf}RRodWo] s'g} b'O{ lbOPsf] k|bz{g, JofVofg,
cj:yfdf csf]{ kQf nufpg] ljlw . ;d:of ;dfwfg,
5nkmn
-5_ cª\skfz -c_ bf]xf]l/Psf / gbf]xf]l/Psf cª\sx¿åf/f aGg] k|bz{g, cfudg,
;ª\Vofe]b / ltgsf] of]u lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ d"lt{e]b, :yfg;ª\Vof / cª\sof]usf cfwf/df aGg] ;d:of ;dfwfg,
;+Vofe]b tyf cª\skfz–j}lzi6o 5nkmn
@= aLh -s_ Psj0f{ -c_ Psj0f{ dWodfx/0fdf cJoSt/flzsf] JoStdfg k|bz{g, cfudg, @) -s–u_!)
ul0ft dWodfx/0f ;fwg ug]{ cfw'lgs ljlw, a|x\du'Ktsf] ljlw, lgudg, JofVofg,
>Lw/frfo{sf] ljlw / ef:s/frfo{sf] ljlw ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-cf_ pbfx/0fcg';f/ ju{;dLs/0f l;h{gf u/L cJoSt k|Zgf]Q/, k|of]ufTds
/flzsf] JoStdfg Nofpg] k4lt
-v_ cg]s j0f{ -c_ cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0fdf /x]sf cJoSt /flzx¿sf] k|bz{g, cfudg, @) -v_ !)
;dLs/0f JoStdfg ;fwg ug]{ k|rlnt cfw'lgs /Lltx¿ / lgudg, JofVofg,
s'6\6ssf] k|of]u u/L JoStdfg ;fwg ug]{ k|frLg ;d:of ;dfwfg,
/Llt k|Zgf]Q/, k|of]ufTds
-cf_ k|Zgfg';f/ cJoSt j0f{x¿ sNkgf u/L ;dLs/0f
a;fnL JoStdfg ;fwg ug]{ Jofjxfl/s k4lt
-u_ cg]s j0f{ -c_ k|Zgfg';f/ cg]s j0f{ dWodfx/0fsf] ;dLs/0f k|bz{g, cfudg,
dWodfx/0f a;fNg] d'Vo cfwf/x¿ lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ cg]s j0f{ dWodfx/0fdf Psj0f{ dWodfx/0f / ;d:of ;dfwfg,
ju{k|s[ltsf] k|of]u ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/x¿ k|Zgf]Q/, k|of]ufTds
-3_ efljt tyf -ª_ ef:s/Lo aLhul0ftsf pk;+xf/sf kBx¿ JofVofg, ;d:of !) !)
aLhul0ft pk;+xf/ ;dfwfg, k|Zgf]Q/,
k|of]ufTds
35
#= d'x"t{– -s_ ljjfxk|s/0f -c_ ljjfxsf nflu z'e / lj4gIfqx¿ JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, @) -s–u_!)
dft{08 -cf_ ljjfxsf nflu nUg / gjdf+zz'l4 5nkmn, k|of]ufTds
-O_ ljjfxsf nflu nUgeª\u, z'4nUg / gjdf+z;fwg
-O{_ u|xb[li6, if8\ju{, ljjfxnUgaf6 Oi6sfn;fwg,
ljjfxsf] nUgklqsf lgdf{0f
-p_ jw"k|j]z d'x"t{
-v_ u[xk|s/0f -v_ u[xf/Ded'x"t{, u[xk|j]zd'x"t{, snzrj|m, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/,
j[ifjf:t'rj|m, nUgz'l4 5nkmn, k|of]ufTds
-u_ ofqfk|s/0f -u_ ofqfsfn, jf/gIfqltlyz"n, ofqfnUgdf TofHoljifo lgudg, JofVofg, !) 3–%
lbuLz / ofqfnUgdf z'eu|xx¿ k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn,
k|of]ufTds
-3_ -3_ ;ª\j|mflGtsf] kl/ro, k'0osfn, clwdf; vf]h, JofVofg,
;ª\j|mflGtk|s/0f Ifodf;nIf0f, clwdf; / Ifodf;df hGd / d[To' k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn,
ePdf ltly lgwf{/0f, clwdf; / Ifodf;df jlh{t k|of]ufTds
sfo{x¿
$= Hof]ltif -s_ cfsfzLo -s_ pNsfkft, pNsfj[li6, lbUbfx, OGb|wg'sf ;fy} JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ !% !%
kl/ro b[Zokbfy{ / u|x u|xf]TklQl;4fGt u|xx¿sf] ;fdfGo kl/ro
kl/ro
36
-v_ u|x0f -v_ u|x0f, Ct'kl/jt{g / rGb|snf ;f]wk'5, 5nkmn
-u_ k|d'v -u_ cfo{e6, j/fxldlx/, ef:s/frfo{, go/fh kGt, JofVofg, 5nkmn, vf]h,
Hof]ltifLsf] kl/ro 6n]dL, sklg{s;, Uoflnlnof], s]Kn/ / Go'6gsf] k|Zgf]Q/
;fdfGo kl/ro
%= hfts -s_ efj1fg, -c_ åfbzefjaf6 5'6\6f5'6\6} ljrf/ ul/g] ljifox¿ / k|bz{g, JofVofg, !% c–!)
zf:q kmnfb]z / k|of]hg, if8\ju{s'08nL lgdf{0f, efjsf] z'efz'ekmn, 5nkmn, vf]h, k|Zgf]Q/
:qLhftskmn gjdf+zkmn, :jIf]qutu|xkmn, pRrutu|xkmn /
gLrut u|xkmn
-cf_ :qLsf] kmnfb]z ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/ / :qLsf] ljjfx /
efjL kltsf] :j¿k 1fg
cf–%
hDdf !%) !))
37
&=! nLnfjtL -JoStul0ft_ lzIf0f
!= k|To]s Jojxf/sf] cWofkg ug'{cufl8 pSt Jojxf/sf] k|ltkflbt l;4fGtx¿åf/f
ul0ft;DaGwL oL Jofjxfl/s ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ d2t ldNb5 egL pbfx/0f
b]vfO{ cWofkg ul/g] Jojxf/k|lt ljBfyL{sf] pTs07f hfu[t u/fpg] .
@= ;"qdf cfpg] kfl/eflifs zAbsf] ;f]bfx/0f cy{ :ki6 ug]{ . ;"qnfO{ ul0ftLo
;ª\s]tdf cleJoSt u/L Znf]sfg';f/ ;ª\s]t b]vfO{ kBfTd ;"qsf] cy{ ug]{ /
kl5 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ cy{ ug{ nufpg] .
#= If]qx¿sf] ;d]t k|of]u x'g] pbfx/0f eP lglZrt kl/df0f / cfsf/sf] z'4If]q
agfpg] tl/sf b]vfO{ cfsif{s If]q agfO{ ;d:ofsf] d"n cfwf/k|lt ljBfyL{nfO{
;r]t u/fp“b} pgLx¿nfO{ klg o:t} lrq agfpg nufpg], z'4If]q eP gePsf]df
cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug]{ .
$= pbfx/0f / To;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ul/g] ul0ftLo k|lj|mofnfO{ gd'gfsf] ¿kdf
k|:t't ug]{ / aLraLrdf ljBfyL{nfO{ ;fgfltgf k|Zg u/L ;f]sf] ;d'lrt pQ/
7Ls eP gePsf] cfnfk b]vfpg], ljBfyL{nfO{ gd'gf k|Zg tof/ ug{ nufO{ ;f]sf]
ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
&=@ ef:s/Lo aLh -cJoSt_ ul0ftlzIf0f

!= kf6Lul0ftsf] dfWodn] k|Zgx¿ ;dfwfg ubf{ kg]{ cK7\of/fx¿ b]vfO{ To;}nfO{
aLhul0ftsf dfWodn] ;d:of ;dfwfg ubf{ ;lhnf] x'g] s'/f pbfx/0fk"j{s
b]vfpg] .
@= k|Zgfg';f/ ;dLs/0f a;fNg] o'lStx¿nfO{ ljleGg pbfx/0fåf/f gd'gf b]vfO{
;dLs/0f a;fnL cJoSt /flzsf] JoStdfg Nofpg] / ceLi6 pQ/ kQf nufpg]
.
#= ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;fgf;fgf k|Zgx¿ lbO{ ltgsf] ;dLs/0f a;fNg nufO{
cJoStfª\sx¿sf]] JoStdfg ;fwgf ug{ nufpg] .
$= cJoSt /flz sNkgf ubf{ / ;dLs/0f xn ubf{ ;"qdf atfOPsf lj|mofx¿eGbf
a]Un} lj|mof ckgfO{ cfkm\gf] ljj]s / a'l4åf/f, JoStdfg ;fwgf ug'{kg]{ ljleGg
pbfx/0f b]vfO{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg ;dfwfg ug{ nufpg]
.
%= ;dLs/0f xn ug]{ k|rlnt cfw'lgs ljlwx¿ / k|frLg ljlwx¿sf] t'ngf u/L b'j}
k4ltaf6 Ps} pQ/ cfpg] oyfy{nfO{ :ki6 kfg]{ .
&=# d'x"t{zf:qsf] lzIf0f
!= d"xt{zf:q k9fpg'cl3 o;df k|of]u x'g] ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u, s/0f, eb|f, cog,
Ct', df; cflbsf] kl/ro u/fpg] .
@= k|rlnt g]kfnL k~rfª\ucg';f/ u|xx¿sf] pbo, c:t, jj|mL, dfuL{, u|x a;]sf] /flz,
rf8, kj{ / ;ª\j|mflGtsf] sfn1fg ug]{ cfwf/x¿ b]vfO{ ;fgf;fgf k|Zg u/L
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ nufpg] .
#= u|x :ki6Ls/0f, nUg;fwg, nUgaf6 sfn1fg ug]{ / nUgklqsf tof/ ug]{
ljlwx¿nfO{ lj|mofTds ¿kdf ug]{ / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg o:t} lj|mofsnfk ug{
nufpg] .
37
&=$ hftszf:qsf] lzIf0f
!= eu0f, /flz, c+z, snf, ljsnfsf] kl/ro lbO{ ltgsf] ul0ftLo k|lj|mof b]vfpg]
/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;fgf;fgf k|Zg u/L ltgsf] kl/df0f lgZro ug{ nufpg] . o:t}
u/L 36L knfsf] klg Jofjxfl/s pbfx/0f lbg] .
@= eoft, euf]u, u|x :ki6Ls/0f, k|yd nUg;fwg, bzf;fwg, s'08nLlgdf{0f cflb
Jofjxfl/s ljifok|lt 5fq5fqfx¿sf] jf:tljs clej[lQ hfu[t u/fO{ bIftf
xfl;n u/fpg ljleGg l:yltsf k|z:t pbfx/0fx¿sf] ul0ft ug]{ /
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
#= hftszf:q;DaGwL ul0ft ubf{ klxn] Znf]sfTds ;"qcg';f/ ul0ft ug]{ /
ljBfyL{x¿ s]xL dfqfdf cEo:t ePkl5 ToxL ul0ftnfO{ cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df
cEof; u/fO{ ;"qut wf/0ffnfO{ b[9 u/fpg] .
$= dxfk'?ifx¿ / P]ltxfl;s JolStTjx¿sf] s'08nL ;ª\sng u/L zf:qLotfsf]
cfwf/df kmnfb]z u/L pSt dxfk'?ifx¿sf] hLjgdf 36]sf 36gfx¿l;t
ljj]rgf u/L kmnfb]z k4ltsf] oyfy{tfnfO{ cem :ki6 kfg]{ .
%= gd'gf hGdklqsf tof/ u/L kmnfb]z ug]{ / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg kmnfb]z ug{
nufpg] .
&=% Hof]ltif kl/rosf] lzIf0f
!= u|xx¿sf] 5fof lrq, Unf]a, gS;f, gIfqk6, cfsfzLo l:yltBf]ts k6lrq,
j]wzfnfsf lrqx¿, b"/ljg cflb b[Zo ;fdu|Låf/f lzIf0fdf /f]rstf, ;/;tf /
;/ntf NofO{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|ltkfbg ug]{ .
@= cfsfz :jR5 ePsf] ;dodf u|x, gIfq, pNsf, k'R5\«]tf/f, u|x0f cflbsf]
cjnf]sg u/fO{ cfsfzLo b[Zo kbfy{x¿sf] oyfy{ j0f{g ug]{ / ug{ nufpg] .
#= u|x0f, Ct' kl/jt{g, pku||xn] ;lxt ePsf u|xx¿, zlgjno, ;du| ¿kdf
u|xx¿sf] l:ylt, lbUbfx, pNsfkft cflb cfsfzLo b[Zo kbfy{x¿sf] lrq tof/
kfg{ nufO{ oL ljifox¿sf] lnlvt / df}lvs j0f{g ug]{ / ug{ nufpg] .
$= gu/sf]6l:yt j]wzfnf / o:t} ;Dej eP;Ddsf cGo j]wzfnfdf u|x tyf
gIfqx¿sf] j]w ug]{ / lg/LIf0f ug]{ sfo{sf] cjnf]sg u/fpg] .
%= ;fgf;fgf b"/ljgåf/f ;do;dodf cfsfzdf 36]sf 36gfx¿sf] lg/LIf0f /
ljj]rgf u/L efjL 36gfx¿df kl5 lg/LIf0f ug{ nufO{ ljj]rgf ug{ nufpg] .

d"Nofª\sg eg]sf] s]an k/LIff dfq xf]Og of] t ;d:t z}lIfs lj|mofsnfknfO{ a9L
;zSt k|efjsf/L, /f]rs, ;/;, ;/n / pkof]uL agfO{ ;d:t z}lIfs ultljlwdf g}
cfjZos ;'wf/ NofO{ cfTdfnf]rgsf] dfWodn] cWo]o ljifonfO{ cem a9L ;an
agfpg lg/Gt/ rnfO/xg'kg]{ k|lj|mof ePsfn] Hof]ltif ljifosf] lzIf0fdf klg
lgDglnlvt ljlw ckgfpg' pko'St b]lvG5 .
*=! ul0ft -nLnfjtL_ sf] d"Nofª\sg

!= ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ JoSt ul0ftdf k9fOPsf ;"qx¿sf] cy{ ug{ nufpg] . cy{ ubf{
;"qut p2]Zo :ki6 eP gePsf] ljrf/ ug]{, olb cy{df cGjo, ;"qfzo /
ul0ftLo k|lj|mof gldn]sf] eP ldntpg nufpg] .
38
@= ;"qfg';f/sf] pbfx/0f eGg nufpg], pbfx/0f / ;"qsf] ;dGjo ug{ nufpg] .
#= lzIfsn] s'g} pbfx/0f b]vfO{ To;df nfUg] ;"q s'g xf] egL k|Zg ug]{ /
ljBfyL{åf/f 7Ls ;"q kQf nfu]df ;f]cg'¿k ;"q k|of]u u/L ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
$= ;"qaf6 ;"q lgsfnL To;sf cfwf/df ul0ft ug'{kg]{ vfnsf] pbfx/0f k|:t't u/L
o:tf pbfx/0fdf a'l4 ltvfg{ lbO{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ nufpg] .
%= olb s'g} pbfx/0fdf If]q b]vfP/ cfjZos ;"q k|of]u u/L ;d:of xn x'g] eP
5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ pbfx/0fcg'¿k z'4 / :ki6 If]qåf/f k|Zgsf] p2]Zo :ki6 kfg{
nufO{ ckgfpg'kg]{ ul0ftLo k|lj|mof 5f]6s/Ldf eGg nufpg] / oxLcg'¿k
ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
^= ;fdfGo ¿kdf s'g} Ps ;"q k|of]u u/L xn x'g] pbfx/0fx¿, ;"qaf6 ;"q
lgsfnL xn x'g] pbf/0fx¿ / ;"q k|of]usf ;fy} cfkm\gf] yk a'l4;d]t k|of]u
u/L ;d:of;dfwfg x'g] pbfx/0f lzIfs :jod\n] / 5fq5fqfx¿af6 jf cGo
s'g} ;|f]taf6 ;ª\sng u/L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ nufpg] .
&= nLnfjtLdf k|ltkflbt ul0ftLo ;"qx¿ / clgjfo{ ul0ftdf k9]sf ;"qx¿nfO{
5fq5fqfx¿åf/f t'ngf / ;dGjo ug{ nufpg] .
*= d"iffjxg e]b, 5Gbe]b, /;e]b, ;ª\Vofe]b / ldlt;+o'ltsf ljleGg pbfx/0fsf]
ul0ft ug{ nufO{ @$ ;Dd e]bx¿ gd'gfsf] ¿kdf cEof; k'l:tsfdf n]Vg
nufpg] . o:t} u/L ul0ftåf/f NofPsf] ldlt ;+o'lt / cfnkfåf/f cfPsf e]b /
ldlt ;+o'ltsf] ;fdf~h:o :ki6 kfg{ nufpg] .
*=@ ef:s/Lo aLh -cJoSt_ ul0ftsf] d"Nofª\sg
!= aLhul0ftdf wgwgsf] of]u wg x'G5, C0fC0fsf] of]u C0f x'G5 . ;+zf]Wodfg
C0f wg x'G5 . ;+zf]Wodfg wg C0f x'G5 . u'0fg ubf{ wgwgsf] u'0fgkmn wg
x'G5 . C0fC0fsf] u'0fgkmn wg x'G5 . C0fn] C0fnfO{ efu ubf{ wg x'G5 eg]
ju{ wg / c¿ 3ftfª\slj|mof JoSt ul0ft -nLnfjtL_ df atfPcg';f/ x'G5 .
C0fsf] ju{d"n cfp“b}g . wgd"ndf nLnfjtLs} lgod nfU5 h:tf ljifox¿l;t
;Da4 k|z:t gjLg pbfx/0fdf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ plrt ;'emfj / ;Nnfx lbg] .
o:t} ef:s/Lo aLhul0ftsf ;"qx¿nfO{ ljifoj:t' :ki6 x'g] u/L pbfx/0fl;t
;dGjo u/L cy{ ug{ nufpg] / ;f]cg';f/ ul0ft u/fpg] .
@= ju{k|s[lt, s'6\6s / rj|mjfnh:tf ljifox¿sf] kl7t ljifosf] cfwf/df ul0ftLo
k|of]hg :ki6 kfg{ nufpg] ju{ k|s[ltdf s'g} Ps If]ksf] slgi7 Ho]i7d"n ;fwg
ug{ ljleGg pbfx/0f lbO{ ul0ft ug{ nufpg] . s'6\6snfO{ ;dLs/0fdf k|of]u
u/L cJoSt /flzsf] JoStdfg 1fg ug{ nufpg] . ju{ k|s[lt / rj|mafnsf]
leGgtf :ki6 kfg{ nufO{ ju{ k|s[lt / s'6\6ssf] rj|mjfndf k|of]u ug{ ljlwsf]
pbfx/0fx¿ ;ª\sng u/L 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
#= Psj0f{ ;dLs/0f, Psj0f{ dWodfx/0f, cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0f, 3gs/0fL, rt'3f{t
s/0fL 3g;dLs/0f, rt'3f{t ;dLs/0f cflb aLhul0ftl;t ;Da4 ljleGg
kIfsf k|frLg tyf cfw'lgs vfnsf ;dLs/0f ;/nLs/0f / Jofjxfl/s pbfx/0f
lbO{ ceLi6 pQ/ Nofpg nufpg] . cJoSt /flzsf] JoStdfg Nofp“bf
ef:s/frfo{, >Lw/frfo{ / a|x\du'Kt cflbsf ;"q / ljlw k|of]u ug'{sf ;fy}
k|rlnt cfw'lgs ljlwx¿sf] ;d]t k|of]u ug{ nufpg] .
39
$= kl7t ljifosf] cfwf/df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cg]s j0f{ dWodfx/0f / efljtsf]
p2]Zoaf/] :ki6 kfg{ nufO{ cgs] j0f{ dWodfx/0fsf] cWofkg ubf{ k|of]u ePsf
ljleGg ;"qcg'¿ksf pbfx/0f lbO{ ul0ft ug{ nufpg] . o:t} u/L efljtsf
ljleGg k|Zg tof/ u/L lx;fa ug{ nufpg] . efljtaf6 NofPsf ljleGg
dfgx¿ k|Zgsf] egfOcg';f/ ldn] gldn]sf] cfnfk ug{ nufpg] .
%= aLhul0ftsf] k|of]uåf/f pQ/ Nofpg ;lsg] nLnfjtLsf pbfx/0fx¿nfO{ oyf
:yfg aLhlj|mofåf/f pQ/ Nofpg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ u[xsfo{ lbg] . pQ/ Nofp“bf
ul/Psf] ;dLs/0fsf] lj|mofåf/f nLnfjtLsf] ;"q aGg uPsf] xf] eGg] wf/0ff
:ki6 kfg{ nufO{ aLhlj|mofsf] ;dLIff ug{ nufpg] .
^= cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0fdf cJoSt /flzx¿ kQf nufp“bf s'6\6ssf] k|of]u ug'{sf
;fy} k|rlnt cfw'lgs ljlwx¿ / cfkm\g} ljj]s k|of]u u/L 5f]6f] 5l/tf] tl/sfn]
cJoSt /flzsf] dfg kQf nufpg] .
&= aLhul0ftdf obfsbf nLnfjtLsf] ;"q;d]t k|of]u u/L pQ/ Nofpg] pbf/x0f
lbO{ ul0ft ug{ nufpg] .
*= Psj0f{ ;dLs/0f, Psj0f{ dWodfx/0f, cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0f cflb aLhlj|mofl;t
;Da4 ljleGg Jofjxfl/s ul0ftLo pbfx/0f lbO{ aLhlj|mofsf cfwf/df /
:ja'l4 j}lzi6\osf cfwf/df ceLi6 pQ/ kQf nufpg nufpg] .
(= ef:s/Lo aLhul0ftsf j}lzi6\ox¿af/] k|sfz kfg{ nufpg] .
*=# d'x"t{zf:qsf] d"Nofª\sg
kf7\oj|mdl;t ;Da4 d'x"t{zf:qsf Znf]sx¿nfO{ sYo ljifo :ki6 x'g] u/L j0f{g ug{
nufpg], efj :ki6 ug{ nufpg], kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f / cy{ n]Vg
nufpg] .
!= d'x"t{zf:ql;t ;Da4 ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u s/0fsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro /
logLx¿sf] 5'6\6f5'6\6} gfd tyf k|of]hg eGg / n]Vg nufpg] .
@= k|rlnt g]kfnL k~rfª\usf cfwf/df j|t, kj{ ;+jT;/, u|xa;]sf] /flz u|xsf]
pbo, c:t, jj|mL, dfuL{ ceLi6 lbgsf] ltly / gIfqsf] ;dflKtsfn n]Vg,
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ u[xsfo{ lbg] .
#= g]kfnL k~rfª\usf cfwf/df 5fqf5fx¿nfO{ ceLi6sflns u|x:ki6 /
nUg;fwg u/fpg] .
$= s'g} hftssf] lglZrt hGd ldlt / hGd ;dosf] cfwf/df s0f{ j]w,
cGgk|fzg, r"8f, j|ta|Gw, ljjfx cflb ;+:sf/sf nflu / ofqf tyf cGo
z'es[Tosf nflu cfjZos z'e d'x"t{sf] lbg / ;do ls6fg ug{ nufpg] .
%= j|taGw / ljjfxsf nflu gjdf+z lgwf{/0f u/L nUg klqsf n]Vg nufpg] .
^= d'x"t{zf:qdf kf7\oj|mdn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf Znf]sx¿sf] cGjo / Znf]ssf] cfzo
glau|g] u/L ljifout JofVof ug{ nufpg] .
*=$ Hof]ltif kl/rosf] d"Nofª\sg
!= Hof]ltifzf:qsf] nIf0f p2]Zo / ljefusf] df}lvs tyf lnlvt ¿kdf j0f{g ug{
nufpg] .
@= k|frLg Oltxf;, Hof]ltif, k'/f0f ;[li6j|mdsf] cfwf/df / gjLg ;[li6j|mdsf]
JofVof ug{ nufpg] .
40
#= gju|x, pNsfkft, pNsfj[li6, lbUbfx, k'R5«]tf/f, cfsfzuª\uf cflbsf] agfj6
b"/L, kl/df0f, sIff, ult, l:ylt :j¿ksf] cfw'lgs tyf k|frLg l;4fGtsf
cfwf/df ;lrq j0f{g ug{ nufpg] .
$= ;"o{u|x0f, rGb|u|x0f Ct'kl/jt{g, rGb|snf / ljleGg cfsfzLo tyf ef}lts
36gfx¿sf] / ljleGg l:yltx¿sf] ;lrq j0f{g ug{ nufpg] .
%= kf7\oj|mdl;t ;Da4 Hof]ltifLx¿sf] kl/ro, ljlzi6 of]ubfg s[lt /
ltgLx¿af6 kfOg] k|]/0ffaf/] k|sfz kfg{ nufpg] .
ljifoj:t'sf] If]qcg';f/ cª\s ljefhg tflnsf -sIff (_
j|m=;+= If]q ljifo cª\sef/
!= nLnfjtL -s_ k|frLg kl/df0f, ju{ / ju{d"n, 3g / 3gd"n, !)
:jf+zfg'aGw / :jf+zfkjfx, z"Go kl/sdf{i6s / ljnf]d
ul0ft, Oi6sd{, ;ª\j|md0f, ju{sd{, u'0fsd{ / q}/flzs
-v_ ld>Jojxf/, ;'j0f{ul0ft, 5Gbx¿sf] k|:tf/, !%
If]qJojxf/ / j[QJojxf/
@= aLhul0ft -s_ s/0fL !)
-v_ s'6\6s, ju{k|s[lt, rj|mjfn, Psj0f{ ;dLs/0f @)
#= d"x't{dft{08 -s_ d"x't{ 1fgsf] cfwf/ %
-v_ d"x't{ 1fg !)
$= Hof]ltif kl/ro -s_ Hof]ltif zf:qsf] kl/ro / k~rfª\u kl/ro %
-v_ ;[li6 l;4fGt / cfsfzuª\uf !)
%= hfts zf:q -s_ ;ª\lIfKt hGdklqsf lgdf{0f !%
hDdf – !))
ljifoj:t'sf] If]qcg';f/ cª\s ljefhg tflnsf -sIff !)_

!= nLnfjtL -s_ >]9L, If]q !)
-v_ vft, lrlt, j|msr, /flzJojxf/, 5fof Jojxf/ / !%
cª\skfz
@= aLhul0ft -s_ cg]s j0f{ ;dLs/0f !)
-v_ Psj0f{ dWodfx/0f / cg]s j0f{ dWodfx/0f !)
-u_ efljt tyf aLhul0ft pk;+xf/ !)
#= d"x't{dft{08 -s_ ljjfx, u[x / ofqfk|s/0f !)
-v_ ;ª\j|mflGtk|s/0f %
$= Hof]ltif kl/ro -s_ u|x kl/ro, u|x0f / k|d'v Hof]ltifLx¿sf] kl/ro !%
%= hfts zf:q -s_ efj1fg, kmnfb]z !)
-v_ :qLhftskmn %
hDdf – !))
41
P]lR5s ;+:s[t ;flxTo
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;+:s[t ;flxlTos b[li6sf]0fn] ;DkGg efiff xf] . ;flxlTos ljwfsf cfwf/df ul/Psf
/rgfsf ;fy} sfJozf:qsf] 1fgsf lgldQ ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu cfwf/e"t ;+/rgfsf
¿kdf dfWolds txdf ;+:s[t ;flxTo ljifosf] k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] .
o;y{ o; ljifodf P]ltxfl;s Pjd\ kf}/fl0fs syfsf ;fy} lzj/fhljhosf uBf+z,
s'df/;Dej Pjd\ ls/ftfh'{gLosf kBf+z, 5Gb, sfJosf nIf0f, u'0f / bf]if tyf
cnª\sf/ Pjd\ ¿kssf ljljw ;Gbe{x¿nfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5 . o; ljifosf]
kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;do;fk]If agfpg j]nfj]nfdf kl/dfh{g ul/“b} cfPsf] 5 . xfn
kl/jlt{t /fli6«o ;Gbe{;“u} kf7\oj|md kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePcg'¿k ;+:s[t
;flxTo ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] xf] . of] kf7\oj|md lgDg cfwf/df
kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 M
– sIff ( / !) sf] kf7\oj|mddf :t/ut ;ª\ultnfO{ ldnfg ul/Psf] 5,
– ljleGg ;dodf ;+:s[tfg'/fuL, lzIfs tyf cleefjsx¿n] kf7\oj|md ljsf;
– ;+:s[t zAbx¿sf] z'4 pRrf/0f, n]vg tyf zAbe08f/sf] j[l4df hf]8 lbOPsf]
5,
– dflyNnf] txdf ;+:s[t ;flxTosf] cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/sf] ¿kdf o;
kf7\oj|mdnfO{ th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

dfWolds :t/sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\
M
!= ;+:s[t–;flxTosf] ;fdfGo kl/ro lbg,
@= ;+:s[t–;flxTodf lglxt zAbut nflnTo / efjut ufDeLo{sf] af]w tyf
k|of]u ug{,
#== ;+:s[t–;flxTodf /x]sf] nofTds kIfsf] hfgsf/L lbg,
$= lgwf{l/t 5Gbdf ldNg] zAbfjnL rog ug{,
%= sfJosf nIf0f, x]t' / u'0fsf] kl/ro lbg,
^= sfJosf k|d'v bf]ifx¿sf] nIf0f / pbfx/0f atfpg,
&= lgwf{l/t 5Gb / cnª\sf/sf] nIf0f / pbfx/0f hfGg Pjd\ nIf0f /
pbfx/0fsf] ;dGjo ug{,
42
*= lgwf{l/t ;flxlTos uB–kB Pjd\ ¿ks k9L ltgLx¿sf] cy{af]w ug'{sf ;fy}
JofVof, j0f{g / efjlj:tf/ ug{, tfTko{ v'nfpg, ;f/f+z n]Vg, ;ª\lIfKt pQ/
lbg / af]wfTds pQ/ lbg,
(= 5Gb ldnfO{ kBsfJo k9\g, cy{ af]w ug{ / efj JoSt ug{,
!)= sfJofut lzNk / ;f}Gbo{ k|z+;f ug{,
!!= ;+:s[t sfJo zf:qdf k|rlnt kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{ hfGg / k|of]u ug{,
!@= lgwf{l/t sfJosf cfwf/df g}lts, rfl/lqs, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s, kf}/fl0fs
Pjd\ ;fdflhs d"No / dfGotf;“u kl/lrt eO{ ltgsf] ;f/ atfpg,
!#= cfkm"n] b]v]sf, ;'g]sf, cg'ej u/]sf / k9]sf ljifodf :t/cg';f/ ;flxlTos
tl/sfn] :jtGq /rgf ug{,
!$= dflyNnf] txdf ;+:s[t–;flxTosf] cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ kfg{ .

sIff ( sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= lzj/fhljhodf k|o'St /;fg's"n zAbx¿sf] af]w u/L ltgsf] k|of]u ug{
@ lgwf{l/t sfJo zf:qdf k|rlnt kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{ af]w ug{ / k|of]u
ug{
#= 5Gbsf] u0f, olt / dfqfsf] kl/ro k|:t't ug{
$= cg'i6'k\, OGb|jh|f, pk]Gb|jh|f, pkhflt, j+z:y, j;Gtltnsf, dflngL, tf]6s,
cfof{, :jfutf / zflngL 5Gbsf nIf0f, pbfx/0f hfGg / k|of]u ug{
%= syf, sljtf, k|aGw k9L cy{ a'em\g, JofVof ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{, cfzo
:ki6 kfg{, ;f/f+z n]Vg, ;ª\lIfKt / af]wfTds pQ/ lbg
^= lgwf{l/t syf / lgaGwsf] cWoog u/L sNkgf zlStsf] ljsf;sf cfwf/df
efj JoSt ug{
&= uB / kBsf] ;:j/ / df}g jfrg u/L cy{ n]Vg
*= sfJosf nIf0f tyf kl/ul0ft, u'0f, bf]if / cnª\sf/sf nIf0f Pjd\ pbfx/0f
hfGg / k|of]u ug{ .

sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= lgwf{l/t P]ltxfl;s tyf kf}/fl0fs syfsf] JofVof, efjaf]w / ljj]rgf ug{,
@= lgwf{l/t sfJozf:qsf kfl/eflifs zAbsf] cy{ a'emL jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
#= xl/0fL, ljof]lugL, e'hª\uk|oft, ;|lUj0fL, ljB'Gdfnf, /yf]4tf, ;|Uw/f, k|xlif{0fL,
dGbfj|mfGtf, lzvl/0fL / zfb"{nljj|mLl8t 5Gbsf] nIf0f tyf pbfx/0f hfgL
k|of]u ug{,
$= lgwf{l/t kBsfJo / syfsf] ;:j/ tyf df}g jfrg u/L k9\g, cy{ a'em\g,
JofVof ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{, cfzo :ki6 kfg{, ;f/f+z n]Vg, ;ª\lIfKt /
af]wfTds pQ/ lbg,
%= lgwf{l/t ¿ks k9L clegofTds tl/sfn] ;+jfb ug{,
^= sfJosf] bf]if / cnª\sf/ -kl/ul0ftdfq_ sf] nIf0f, pbfx/0f atfpg / k|of]u
ug{ .
43
-ª_ kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff (_
j|m=;+= ljwf pkljwf ljifoj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
! uB sfJo P]ltxfl;s kf}/fl0fs cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, #) @)
-5gf]6 c+z lzj/fh ljho_ JofVofg, 5nkmn, zAbkQL, cGo
syfsyg :yfgLo pkof]uL
@ kB sfJo s'df/;Dej / ls/ftfh'{gLo -k|yd Cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, %) $)
;u{af6 5gf]6 c+z_ JofVofg, 5nkmn, zAbkQL, jfSokQL
syfsyg cflb
#= 5Gb u0f kl/ro, cg'i6'k\, OGb|jh|f, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn,
zAbkQL, jfSokQL, !% !)
pk]Gb|jh|f, pkhflt, j+z:y, tf]6s syfsyg 5Gbsf cGo
pbfx0f
$= sfJotŒj sfJo sfJou'0f -dfw'o{, cf]h, k|;fb_ k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn zAbkQL, jfSokQL, @% !%
nIf0f sfJobf]if ->'lts6', syfsyg u'0f / bf]ifsf cGo
Ro't;+:s[lt, c;dy{, lgxtfy{, lg/y{s, pbfx/0f
cZnLn, u|fDo, lSni6, k'g?St_
%= sfJotŒj cnª\sf/ cnª\sf/sf] ;fdfGo nIf0f, 5]sfg'k|f;, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn zAbkQL, jfSokQL, #) !%
j[Tog'k|f;, nf6fg'k|f;, cyf{g'k|f;, syfsyg zAbfnª\sf/sf
k'g/mSt– k|tLsfz cGo pbfx/0f
pkdf, cgGjo, ¿ks, pNn]v, pTk|]Iff,
Jolt/]s, ljefjgf, ljz]iff]lSt,
:jefjf]lSt, pkd]of]kdf, k|tLk,
kl/0ffd, ckXg'lt, ¿ksfltzof]lSt,
t'Noof]lutf, bLks, b[i6fGt
hDdf !%) !))
-r_ kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff !)_
44
j|m=;+= ljwf pkljwf ljifoj:t'sf] lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0f{fª\s
If]q
!= uB syf P]ltxfl;s, kf]]}/fl0fs -k|aGw cfudg, lgudg, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, $$ @%
uB_ k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, zAbkQL,
5nkmn jfSokQL
@= kB sfJo ls/ftfh'{gLo låtLo ;u{af6 cfudg, lgudg, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, $) @%
5gf]6 c+z k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, zAbkQL
5nkmn, syfsyg
#= 5Gb e'hª\uk|oft, ;|lUj0fL, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, zAbkQL, #) @)
/yf]4tf, k|xlif{0fL, 5nkmn jfSokQL, 5Gbsf
zfb"{nljj|mLl8t, dGbfj|mfGtf, cGo pbfx/0f
xl/0fL, lzvl/0fL, ljof]lugL,
ljB'Gdfnf
$= cnª\sf/ lgbz{gf, ;df;f]lSt, kl/s/, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, zAbkQL, #) @%
Zn]if, ck|:t'tk|z+;f, 5nkmn, nIf0f–nIo jfSokQL,
kof{of]lSt, Jofh:t'lt, ;dGjo cnª\sf/sf cGo
JofhlgGbf, lj/f]wfef;, pbfx/0f
cGof]Go, kl/;ª\Vof,
sfJolnª\u, cyf{Gt/Gof;,
Jofh]flSt, jj|mf]lSt
%= ¿ks Psfª\sL ;fdflhs clegofTds, k|Zgf]Q/, zAbkQL, ^ %
JofVofg jfSokQL
hDdf !%) !))
45
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s / b}lgs kf7of]hgf agfO{ lzIf0f sfo{sf] tof/L ug'{k5{ .
@= p2]Zocg'¿k 5fq5fqfnfO{ efiffsf ;'gfO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO ;Lk l;sfpg
lzIfs bQlrQ x'g'kb{5 .
#= sIffdf n]vg cEof;, k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn cflb u/fpg'kb{5 .
$= kf7sf] k|s[lt x]/L ;:j/ of df}gjfrg ug{ nufpg] tyf ;+:s[t dfWodn] pQ/
lbg] cEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
%= j0f{g ug]{ s[ltsf] ;fdfGo ¿kdf ;dLIff ug]{ / n]vssf] ;ª\lIfKt kl/ro lbg]
h:tf ljifodf 5fq5fqfnfO{ ;Ifd u/fpg'kb{5 .
^= kfl/eflifs zAbsf] k|of]u ug]{ / nfIfl0fs ljifoj:t'sf] af]w ;dGjo Pjd\ k|of]u
u/fpg] kl/kf6L c“ufNg'kb{5 .
&= lZfIf0f ubf{ JofVofgsf ;fy} cfudg ljlw, lgudg ljlw, cg'jfb ljlw, sf]zljlw,
k|of]uljlw, t'ngf ljlw, Jo'TklQ ljlw, b08fGjo ljlw jf v08fGjo ljlw cflb
k|rlnt ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u ug'{ pko'St x'G5 .
*= uB sfJo, kBsfJo, ¿ks / sfJozf:qsf] lzIf0f ubf{ lzIfsn] sIffdf ;j{ k|yd
kf7\o ljifoaf/] k|:tfjgfåf/f ;fdfGo kl/ro lbP/ p2]Zo syg ljifo
k|:t'tLs/0f / cfbz{jfrgkl5 5fq5fqfx¿åf/f cg'jfrg u/fO{ sIffsfo{ jf
u[xsfo{ lbg' pko'St x'G5 .
nflu ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tM cfwf/ agfpg'kg]{
x'G5 . k|Zgx¿ lgaGwfTds, JofVofTds ;ª\lIfKtf]Q/fTds af]wfTds, Jo'TklQk/s,
l6Kk0fLd"ns / nIf0f ;dGjofTds x'g'kb{5 . o;sf ;fy} k|Zgx¿df nIo, nIf0f
kl/ro, j0f{g, JofVof, ;f/f+z, efjlj:tf/, tfTko{k|sfzg, kof{oljwfg, ;df; lgb]{zg,
5Gb cnª\sf/lgb]{z, cg'R5]bn]vg, k|aGwn]vg, ;+jfb, /rgf, n]vs kl/roh:tf
ljifoj:t' ;dfj]z ul/g'kb{5 . d"Nofª\sg ubf{ eflifs z'4tf ljifoj:t' / k|ltkfbg
z}nLnfO{ ljz]if Wofg lbg'kb{5 .
sIff ( sf] jflif{s k/LIff ;~rfng ubf{ k|s/0fut k"0ff{ª\ssf] cfwf/df k|Zgkq lgdf{0f
u/L ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ 5 . sIff !) sf] jflif{s -P;\Pn\;L_ k/LIffsf] k|Zgkqlgdf{0f ubf{
ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf cfwf/df ug'{kg]{ 5 .
46
sIff ( sf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M
!= uB P]ltxfl;s @)
@= kB sfJofTds $)
#= 5Gb u0f kl/ro, cg'i6'k\, OGb|jh|f, pk]Gb|jh|f, pkhflt, !)
j+z:y, tf]6s
$= sfJonIf0f, sfJou'0f -dfw'o{, cf]h, k|;fb_ sfJobf]if ->'lts6', !%
u'0f, bf]if Ro't;+:s[lt, c;dy{, lgxtfy{, lg/y{s, cZnLn, u|fDo,
lSni6, k'g?St_
%= cnª\sf/ zAbfnª\sf/, cyf{nª\sf/ !%
hDdf – !))
sIff !) sf] ljifoj:t'sf] If]qcg';f/ cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M

!= uB kf}/fl0fs, P]ltxfl;s @%
@= kB sfJofTds @%
#= 5Gb e'hª\uk|oft, ;|lUj0fL, /yf]4tf, k|xlif{0fL, @)
zfb"{nljj|mLl8t, dGbfj|mfGtf, xl/0fL, lzvl/0fL,
ljof]lugL, ljB'Gdfnf
$= ¿ks ;fdflhs, P]ltxfl;s %
%= cnª\sf/ lgbz{gf, ;df;f]lSt, kl/s/, Zn]if, ck|:t'tk|z+;f, @%
kof{of]lSt, Jofh:t'lt, JofhlgGbf, lj/f]wfef;, cGof]Go,
kl/;ª\Vof, sfJolnª\u, cyf{Gt/Gof;, Jofhf]lSt,
jj|mf]lSt
hDdf – !))
47
P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b
-j]bljBf>d ;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j]b ljZjsf] ;femf 1fge08f/ xf] . ljZjsf] klxnf] wd{ u|Gy j]b xf] .
æOi6k|fKTolgi6–kl/xf/of]/nf}lssd'kfo+ of] j]bolt ; j]bMÆ eGg] kl/efiffcg';f/
cfk"mn] rfx]sf] s'/f k|fKt u/fpg], grfx]sf] clgi6 s'/f lg/fs/0f u/fpg] tyf
k|ToIfflb k|df0fx¿n] 1fg ug{ g;lsg] cnf}lss tŒjx¿sf] 1fg u/fpg] ;zSt
dfWod j]b xf] . k/a|x\d k/dfTdfåf/f pk]bz ul/Psf] / To;nfO{ Clif dxlif{x¿n]
tkf]anåf/f cfTd;ft\ u/L lzio k|lzio x'“b} u'? d'vf]Rrf/0f cg'Rrf/0fk"j{s -u'?n]
pRrf/0f u/] h:t} u/L pRrf/0f ug]{ sfd_ >'lt -s0f{_ k/Dk/fn] cWoog cWofkg
ul/“b} cfPsf] j]b ;j{k|yd l;ª\uf] ¿kdf Pp6} /x]sf] s'/f >Ldb\efujt, jfo'k'/f0f
cflbdf pNn]v 5 . sfnfGt/df d]wf -wf/0ff_ zlSt sdhf]/ x'“b} uPsf dg'iox¿sf]
pksf/sf nflu j]bnfO{ rf/ efu nufO{ k}n, j}zDkfog, h}ldlg / ;'dGt' gfdsf
rf/ lziox¿nfO{ af“l8of] . oL ;a} s[i0få}kfog j]bJof;sf lzio lyP . o;/L >'lt
k/Dk/fdf cfwfl/t j]bnfO{ kl5 u|Gyfs[ltdf cfa4 ul/of] .
j]bJof;sf log} k|d'v rf/ lziox¿n] cf–cfˆgf lziox¿nfO{ j}lbs ljlwcg';f/
cWofkg ub}{ uP . oxL j|mdn] tQTk|jrg stf{sf gfdn] j]b xhf/f}“ zfvfdf ljeSt
x'g k'Uof] . Jofs/0fsf dxfefiosf/n] cfˆgf] efiodf CUj]bsf @! zfvf, oh'j]{bsf
!)! zfvf -h;df *^ s[i0f oh'j]{bsf / !% z'Snoh'j]{bsf_, ;fdj]bsf !)))
zfvf / cyj{j]bsf ( zfvf;d]t u/L !!#! zfvf ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .
h;dWo] xfn CUj]bsf @ -b'O{_ zfvf, oh'j]{bsf # -tLg_ zfvf, ;fdj]bsf # -tLg_
zfvf, cyj{jb]sf @ -b'O{_ zfvf u/L hDdf !) -b;_ zfvf cWoog cWofkgdf
k|rlnt 5g\ .
Jof;lzio j}zDkfogn] of1jNSoflb k|d'v lziox¿nfO{ oh'j]{b k9fpg'eof] .
o;}aLr x7ft\ u'?dfly cfOk/]sf] a|x\dxTofsf] kfkljdf]rgsf] k|;ª\udf of1jNSon]
cGo lziox¿nfO{ j/fs -lgd'vf_ egL xf]RofPaf6 j|'m4 u'?n] of1jNSonfO{ j]b k9\g
of]Uo 5fq g7fgL cfk"mn] k9fPsf] j]b lkmtf{ dfUg'eof] . u'?sf] >fk kg]{ eon]
of1jNSon] cfk"mn] k9]sf] j]b tkf]anåf/f cIf/¿k t/n agfP/ jdg ul/lbP,
tTsfn u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ cGo lziox¿n] ltqfsf] ¿k wf/0f u/L jdgaf6 oqtq
5l/Psf] j]bnfO{ lnP . o;/L ltqfn] l6k]sf] sf/0f o;nfO{ t}lQ/Lo zfvf s[i0f
oh'j]{b elgof] . o; zfvfdf c¿ zfvfdf h:tf] dGq efu / a|fx\d0f efu cnu–
cnu geO{ Ps};fy ldl>t kfOg] x'gfn] klg s[i0ftf 5 .
To;kl5 j]bljxLg ePsf sf/0f lrlGtt of1jNSon] 7"nf] tkåf/f ;"o{nfO{ v'zL kf/L
;"o{af6 5'6\6} z'Snoh'j]{b k9] . ;"o{n] -3f]8f_ sf] ¿k wf/0f u/L k9fPsfn] jflh¿kL
;"o{sf lzio jfh;g]o -of1jNSo_ sxnfP . cGgbftf -jfh Ö cGg ± ;lg ± bfg
lbg]_ sf lzio klg jfh;g]o elgG5g\ . lbgsf] dWofx\gdf k9fPsf] x'gfn] -z'Sn_
pHHjn klg elgof] – æcflbToflgdflg z'Snflg oh'+lif jfh;g]o]g
48
of1jNSo]gfVofoGt]Æ -ztky a|fx\d0f !$.(.##_ . kl5 pgn] dfWoflGbg s0j cflb
k|d'v lziox¿nfO{ j]b k9fP . ltgLx¿n] k9]sf] / k9fOPsf] j]b tQGgfdn] -
dfWolGbg zfvf sf0j zfvf cflb gfdn]_ k|l;4 x'g k'u] . To;}n] z'Snoh'j]{bsf] o;
zfvfnfO{ jfh;g]o dfWolGbg zfvf egL g]kfndf cWoog x'g] Psdfq
z'Snoh'j]{bsf] of] dfWolGbg zfvf ef/tsf] pQ/ k|b]z / dxf/fi6«df klg k|rlnt 5
. o; zfvfdf $) cWofo, #)# cg'jfs, !(&% dGq 5g\ . o; zfvfdf o1 -v]
k"hf ;ª\ult s/0fbfg_ x¿sf] j0f{g ;"o{sf] :t'lt k|;ª\ucg';f/ dfgjLo ;bfrf/ /
a|x\d1fg k|ltkflbt 5 . ;gftgLsf ;a} wd{sd{sf08sf] d"n j]b g} xf] .
j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/f cf–cfˆgf zfvfsf] cfˆg} lsl;dsf] pRrf/0f Pjd\
x:t;~rfngsf] k/Dk/f /xL cfPsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f tQt\ zfvfsf j]bdf ljZje/
Ps¿ktf cfh;Dd klg ljBdfg 5“b} 5 . dLdf+;fzf:qn] :jfWofof]˜Wo]tJoM o;
j]bjfSonfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ cf–cfˆgf] j]bsf zfvfsf] u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f cg'Rrf/0fk"j{s
ug'{kg]{ cyf{t\ u'?n] pRrf/0f u/]kl5 To;nfO{ cg's/0f u/L 5fqn] pRrf/0f ug'{'kg]{
tyf cy{;lxt} cWoog ug'{kg]{ j]bfWoog ljlwsf] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg u/]sf] 5 . cem
æci6 jif{+ a|fx\d0fd'kgoLt tdWofkoLtÆ eGg] j]b jfSosf] cfwf/df ;fdfGotof
cf7 jif{sf] a|fx\d0f j6'sn] j|taGwkl5 j]bfWoog ug'{k5{ eGg] 5 . o;sf] cWoogdf
;j{k|yd :jzfvfsf] cWoog ug'{kg]{ / :jzfvfsf] cWoogkl5 dfq c¿ zfvfsf]
cWoog ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o;f] u/]df zfvf/08 bf]ifaf6 alrG5 . cGoyf zfvf/08Tj
bf]if nfUg] / ;a} wd{af6 Ro't eOg] s'/f klg o; Znf]sn] atfPsf] 5 .
æo] :jzfvf+ kl/ToHo zfvfGt/dwLot] . zfvf/08fZr t] 1]ofM ;j{wd{alxis[tfMÆ
t;y{ oh'j]{bfWofoLn] ;j{k|yd cfˆgf] zfvf cWoog ug]{ / To;kl5 dfq CUj]b
cflb cWoog ug'{kg]{ ljlw / k/Dk/f cBfjlw /xL cfPsf] 5 .
kf7\oj|md ;dofg'¿k kl/jt{gLo ljifo xf] . t;y{ o;nfO{ lg/Gt/¿kdf kl/jt{g
ug'{ pko'St x'G5 . j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfnox¿df lgwf{l/t zf:qLo
ljifox¿dWo] z'Snoh'j]{b klg Ps xf] . o; ljifosf] kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;do;fk]If
agfpg kl/dfh{g ug'{ cfjZos ePsfn] lgDg cfwf/df o;df kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5
M
– kf7\oj|mdnfO{ cBfjlws / ;d;fdlos agfpg,
– ljleGg dfWodaf6 k|fKt /fo;'emfjsf cfwf/df b]lvg cfPsf sdL sdhf]/L
x6fpg,
– sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{oscg';f/ kl/dfh{g
ug{,
– k|of]ufTds k/LIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ .
49
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo lnO{ dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j}lbs k/Dk/fcg'¿k x:t;~rfngk"j{s dGqx¿ z'4 kf7 ug{,
@= cfˆgf] kf7\oef/df /x]sf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4 / :ki6 ¿kdf pRrf/0f Pjd\ k|of]u
ug{,
#= j]bsf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4;“u n]Vg,
$= j]bn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] cfr/0fkfng ug'{sf ;fy} o;sf] k/Dk/fnfO{ /Iff ug{,
%= lglb{i6 sd{sf08 ug{ / sd{sf08sf dGqx¿ ;:j/ kf7 ug{,
^= z'Snoh'j]{b dfWolGbg zfvfsf] u'?s"nLo k/Dk/f /Iff ug{,
&= j]b s;/L, s;n] / s]sf nflu k9\g] eGg] ljifodf atfpg,
*= j]bfWoogsf] u'?d'vk"j{s x'g] cWoog k/Dk/f oyfjt\ /fVg,
(= z'Snoh'j]{bLo dfWolGbg zfvfsf dGqx¿ g]kfnsf ljz]if rf8kj{, pT;j /
;+:sf/x¿df k|of]u ug{,
!)= of1jNSo lzIffsf dfWodn] z'Snoh'j]{bsf] cWoog k/Dk/fdf Ps¿ktf Nofpg
.
sIff ( df lgwf{l/t P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= ;f}qfdl0f ;Da4 ;]sf;GBflb / ofHofk|]if0fflb dGqx¿ ;f/:j/;lxt s07:y
kf7 ug{,
@= cZjd]w ofu;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/ / ;f/:j/;lxt s07:y kf7 ug{,
#= lvn;+1s / k~rlrltsflUg dGqx¿ x:t:j/ / ;f/:j/;lxt s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ;f}qfdl0f ;Da4 kz'ofusf k|ofh / cg'ofh;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt
s07:y kf7 ug{,
%= pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/tsf] nIf0f atfpg,
^= ;f/ :j/x¿ s] x'g\ / j]bdf s;/L k|of]u x'G5g\ eGg] atfpg,
&= dfqfsfn ljz]if¿kn] atfpg,
*= j]bfWoog ljlw / x:trfng ljlw atfpg,
(= :j/;+lxtf ljlw atfpg,
!)= :jl/tsf cf7 e]b atfpg,
50
!!= j]bfWoogdf :jfWofo k/Dk/f /Iff ug{ .
51
sIff !) df lgwf{l/t P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= k'?ifd]w / k'?if;"St;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:trfngk"j{s kf7 ug{,
@= ;j{d]wofu;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
#= lzj;ª\sNk / lkt[d]w;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/ / ;f/:j/;lxt s07:y kf7
ug{,
$= k|jUof{lUgsfZjd]wf]klgifb\ -zflGtkf7_ dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
%= dxfjL/ ;De/0f k|f]If0f / wd{w'Ubf]xg k|o'St dGqx¿ s07:y atfpg,
^= k|jUo{ wd{e]b k|folZrQ k|o'St dGqx¿ s07:y atfpg,
&= O{Zffjf:of]klgifb\ -a|x\d1fg_ ;DaGwL dGqx¿ s07:y atfpg,
*= z'Snoh'j]{bsf ;Dk"0f{ dGqx¿ ;f/:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
(= j]bfWoog ubf{ j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f / x:t;~rfng s;/L ug]{ eGg] s'/f
atfpg,
!)= j]bdf ePsf] Kn't, lj;u{, if / ë, j / asf af/]df atfpg,
!!= z'Snoh'j]{bsf] è, é /ª, lk08 / ljBfdlxdf atfpg,
!@= j]bfWoog k/Dk/fdf ljBfyL{sf] st{Jo / u'? dlxdf;DaGwL ljz]if j0f{g ug{,
!#= u'?d'vk"j{s cWoog ul/Psf] j]b g} kmnbfoL x'g] x'“bf tbg'¿k cWoog ug{
u/fpg .
52
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' kf7\oj:t' lzIf0f ljlw kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= ;f}qfdl0f ;Da4 z'Snoh'j]{b M @) cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
;]sf;GBflbsd{ k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
@= ;f}qfdl0f ;Da4 z'Snoh'j]{b M @! cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
ofGofk|]if0fflbsd{ k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
#= cZjd]w ofu z'Snoh'j]{b M @@ / @# kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
cWofodf k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
$= cZjd]wsf kz' ;Da4 b]jtf z'Snoh'j]{bM @$ / @% kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
gfd k|o'St / cZjsf cª\u cWofodf k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd ;:j/
xjg dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
%= lvn ;+1s dGqx¿ / z'Snoh'j]{bM @^ / @& kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
k~rlrltsflUg cWofodf k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
^= ;f}qfdl0f ;Da4 kz'ofusf z'Snoh'j]{bM @* / @( kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 15 10
k|ofh cg'ofh / cZjd]w cWofodf k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
& of1jNSo lzIff -k"jf{w{_ != s_ ;:j/jfrg 25 15
s_ dª\unfr/0f v_ JofVofg
v_ q}:jo{nIf0f u_ tflnsfåf/f JofVofg
k|lt1f 3_ To;df k|of]u ePsf bGtwfjg;DaGwL
u_ ;Kt :j/x¿sf] sf7sf] sIffdf k|bz{g ug]{
52
1fg ª_ x:trfng ug{sf nflu sIffdf
3_ e]bk"j{s dfqf k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg]
1fg r_ cWoog ljlw;DaGwL sIffdf k|of]ufTds
@= cWoog ljlw tl/sf ckgfpg] .
#= x:tfIf/
$= :j/;+lxtf ljlw
hDdf 115 75
k|of]ufTds sfo{ #% @%
s"n !%) !))

!= k'?ifd]wM / k'?if ;"St z'Snoh'j]{b M #) / #! kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !)
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
@= ;j{d]w ;+1f z'Snoh'j]{b M #@ / ## kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !)
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
#= lzj;ª\sNk / lkt[d]w z'Snoh'j]{b M #% cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !)
k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
$= k|jUof{lUgsfZjd]wf]klgifb\ z'Snoh'j]{b M #^ cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] ( %
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
53
%= dxfjL/ ;De/0f k|f]If0f / z'Snoh'j]{b M #& / #* kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !)
wd{w'Ubf]xg cWofodf k|o'St dGqx¿ cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f
ug]{ .
^= k|jUo{ 3d{e]b k|folZrt z'Snoh'j]{b M #( cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] * %
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
&= O{zfjf:of]klgifb\ dGqx¿ z'Snoh'j]{b M $) cWofodf kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] * %
dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
*= of1jNSo lzIff != s_ ;:j/jfrg !% !)
-k"jf{w{ M k'g/fj[lQ v08_ s_ dª\unfr/0f v_ JofVofg
v_ q}:jo{nIf0f k|lt1f u_ tflnsfåf/f JofVofg
u_ ;Kt:j/sf] 1fg 3_ To;df k|of]u ePsf bGtwfjg;DaGwL
3_ e]bk"j{s dfqf 1fg sf7sf] sIffdf k|bz{g ug]{
@= cWoog ljlw ª_ Toxf“ k|of]u ePsf cfjfhx¿sf] >Jo
b[Zosf] dfWodaf6 ljBfyL{ 1fg lbg]
#= x:tfIf/
r_ x:trfng ug{sf nflu sIffdf
$= :j/;lxtf ljlw k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg]
5_ cWoog ljlw ;DaGwL sIffdf k|of]ufTds
tl/sf ckgfpg] .
54
(= of1jNSo lzIff -pQ/fw{_ != j0f{x¿sf] ljz]if 1fg s_ ;:j/jfrg !% !)
@= ;lGwe]b / ljj[lQsf] v_ JofVofg
:j¿k 1fg u_ tflnsfåf/f JofVof
#= :j/elSt / cr\ 3_ kf7df k|of]u ePsf ljifoj:t'sf]
pRrf/0f 1fg pRrf/0f ug]{, k|of]u ug]{ 1fg
$= j]bdf ePsf] Kn't 1fg ª_ k"j{ tof/L
%= ;+o'St j0f{df x:t r_ x:t ;~rfng ljlw sIffdf k|of]u u/]/
;~rfng 1fg b]vfpg]
^= lj;u{;DaGwL pRrf/0f 5_ Jo~hg;DaGWfL ljlw sIffdf k|of]u u/]/
1fg b]vfpg] .
&= k, o, j, a pRrf/0f /
/ª;DaGwL 1fg
*= lk08;DaGwL 1fg
(= Jo~hgj0f{df x:t
;~rfng 1fg
!)= ljBfdlxdf ;DaGwL
1fg
hDdf !!% &%
s"n !%) !))
55
cgflbsfnb]lv g} j]b ljifosf] cfkm\g} df}lns ljlzi6 lzIf0f ljlwsf] k/Dk/f
/lxcfPsf] 5 . of] k/Dk/f u'?n] pRrf/0f u/]h:t} pRrf/0f ug]{ >'lt k/Dk/fdf
cfwfl/t 5 . ljz]iftM u/]/ l;s -Learning by doing_ sf] l;4fGtcg';f/ o;
k/Dk/fsf x/]s lj|mofsnfk k|of]ufTds cEof;df g} s]lGb|t /xG5g\ . o;y{ o;
ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[ltcg';f/
lgDgfg';f/sf lzIf0f ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 M
-s_ k|bz{g ljlw -v_ 5nkmn ljlw -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ ljlw
-3_ e"ldsf clego -ª_ wfld{s lj|mofsnfk -r_ cjnf]sg e|d0f
plNnlvt lzIf0f ljlw k|of]u u/L lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ lzIfsn]
lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg lbg'k5{ M
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s lzIf0fof]hgf cWofout kf7of]hgf, dGqof]hgf / b}lgs
kf7of]hgf agfP/ lzIf0fsf nflu tof/ x'g'k5{ .
@= ef]lnkN6 k9fpg] dGqx¿ cl3Nnf] lbg g} lzIfsn] j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ x'g]
u/L tof/L ug'{k5{ .
#= ljBfyL{sf] :t/, pd]/, ?lr, Pjd\ Ifdtf a'emL tbg'¿k cWofkg ug'{k5{ .
$= j]b ljifodf ljBfyL{nfO{ cfsif{0f ug{ j]bsf] dxŒj ;/n ¿kdf atfO{ pTk|]l/t
ub}{ sf}t"xn hufpg'kb5{ .
%= j]b k9fpg] lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfr/0f cfxf/ljxf/ / kf];fs
zf:q;Ddt Pjd\ Ps} lsl;dsf] x'g'k5{ .
^= j]b ljifo cWofkg ubf{ sIffut ;d"x agfO{ ;xpRrf/0f ub}{ pRrf/0fdf
Ps¿ktf Nofpg'k5{ .
&= of] >'lt ;Da4 ljifo ePsfn] u'?sf] k|yd pRrf/0fkl5 dfq 5fqx¿n]
;xpRrf/0f ug]{ ug'{ / u/fpg'k5{ . cfk}+m -ljgf u'?_ k9\bf x:t:j/ /
d'v:j/sf] ;dfg ;d'Rrf/0f x'g g;s]af6 j]bfWoog ck"0f{ / cz'4 x'g] s'/fnfO{
hf]8tf]8 ;fy ;+/If0f ug'{ u/fpg'k5{ .
*= of] ljifo j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ rNb} cfPsfn] o;sf] /Iff ug{ lzIfs ;jf]{kl/
x'g] / tbg'¿k ljBfyL{n] k/Dk/fnfO{ sfod ug]{ x'“bf lzIfsn] ;r]ttf ckgfpg'
k5{ .
(= lzIfsn] pbfQ, cg'bfQ / cf7 k|sf/sf :jl/tx¿nfO{ cToGt dxŒj lbP/ 7Ls
tl/sfn] z'4 pRrf/0fsf ;fy x:t;~rfng ug'{ / u/fpg'k5{ .
!)= lzIfsn] x|:j, bL3{, Kn't cIf/x¿, x|:j / bL3{ -u'+_ tyf ë, o, ;, if, /]km, /ª\u
/ låTj cIf/x¿ of1jNSo lzIffadf]lhd u'?d'v k/Dk/fcg';f/ x:t:j/0f /
pRrf/0f ug'{ u/fpg'k5{ .
!!= lzIfsn] x/]s 3G6Ldf cfˆgf] b}lgs kf7\oj:t'sf cltl/St aLraLrdf k9]sf
j]bsf dGqx¿ sxf“ k|of]u x'G5g\ < eGg] 1fg;d]t lb“bf ljBfyL{df pT;'stf
hfUg] x'G5 . t;y{ o:tf] tl/sf ckgfpg' ;kmn lzIf0fsf] Bf]ts x'g hfG5 .
;s];Dd 5f]6s/Ldf dGq cfzo atfpg lzIfs ;hu /xL tof/ u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .
!@= lzIfsn] j]bfWoog u/fp“bf ljBfyL{x¿n] x:t;~rfng ug{ ghfg]df cfk}“mn] xft
;dfP/ ;~rfng u/fO{ lbg'k5{ .
56
!#= of] ljifo cWoog ubf{ ;j{k|yd lzIfsn] pRrf/0f ug]{ / To;kl5 ljBfyL{{nfO{
pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg'k5{ . ljBfyL{sf] ;ª\Vof x]/L cfwf ;ª\VofnfO{ dGqsf] csf]{
cfwf efu pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!$= lzIfsn] cfˆg} cufl8 ;a} ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k':ts x]/]/ z'4 :ki6 pRrf/0f ub}{
s07:y ug{ u/fpg cEof; u/fpg'k5{ .
!%= x/]s sIffdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] kf7 x:t;~rfngk"j{s s07:y ;'Gg] ug'{k5{ .
!^= of1jNSo lzIff cWofkg u/fp“bf lzIfsn] xfn;Dd cWofkg u/]sf dGqx¿
7Ls eP gePsf] hf“Rg'k5{ s]xL sdL eP To;nfO{ ;RofP/ cWofkg ug'{k5{ .
!&= of1jNSo lzIff j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/f atfpg] zf:q ePsfn] o;df k|ltkfB
ljifonfO{ ;/n efiffdf l;sfpg' / tbg'¿k cfr/0f / Jojxf/ ug{ nfupg'k5{
.

kf7\oj|mdn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf p2]Zocg'¿k ljBfyL{n] 1fg, ;Lk tyf clej[lQ k|fKt ug{
;s] jf ;s]gg\ eGg] s'/f kQf nufpg] dxTjk"0f{ ;+oGq d"Nofª\sg xf] . ljBfyL{sf]
d"Nofª\sg ubf{ ;j{k|yd ck]lIft p2]ZonfO{ Wofg lbg'k{5 . p2]Zocg'¿k l;sfOsf]
;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'k5{ . z'Snoh'j]{b ljifodf
;dfGotof lgdf{0ffTds tyf lg0f{ofTds u/L d"Nofª\sgsf b'O{ k4lt cjnDag ug'{k5{
.
-s_ lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg
ljBfyL{n] s] slt l;s] eGg] s'/f kQf nufO{ gl;s]sf] eP gl;Sg'sf] sf/
cGj]if0f u/L k'gM l;sfOG5 . o:tf] d"Nofª\sg sIffsf]7fdf lzIf0fl;sfO
lj|mofsnfks} j|mddf sIffsfo{, wfld{s cg'i7fgflb sfo{, u[xsfo{, sIff
;xeflutf, Jofjxfl/s kl/jt{g, xflh/Lsf cfwf/df u/]/ clen]v /fVg'k5{ .
;fy} o; j|mddf cfjZostfg';f/ ljBfyL{nfO{ t'?Gt k[i7kf]if0f lbg'k5{ /
ljBfyL{df ;'wf/sf] jftfj/0f tof/ ul/lbg'k5{ . lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg ubf{
lzIfsn] lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg lbg'k5{ M
!= o;n] j]bk|ltkflbt cfrf/0fnfO{ ljBfyL{n] kfng u/] gu/]sf] dfkg tyf
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
@= o;n] u'?sf] cf1fnfO{ ljBfyL{n] kfng u/]÷gu/]sf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf
ug'{k5{
#= of] j}lbs efiff sl7g / hf]l8Psf zAbx¿df /x]sf]n] o;nfO{ ;xL 7DofO{
pRrf/0f u/] gu/]sf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
$= o;n] kl/0ffdsf] ;"rgf lbg'k5{ .
%= o;n] j}lbs o1df dGqsf] ;xL k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] s'/fsf] dfkg tyf
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
^= o;af6 ljBfyL{n] eljiodf j]bsf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] s'/fsf] dfkg
tyf n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
57
&= j]b ljZje/d} Ps¿ktfdf pRrf/0f x'g] x'“bf x:t;~rfng / pRrf/0fsf]
;dfof]hg 7Ls eP gePsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf x'g'k5{ .
(= sIffsf] cGTodf p2]Zo kl/k"lt{ eP gePsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf
x'g'k5{ .
!)= lzIfs tyf ljBfnon] cfof]hgf ug]{ cjnf]sg o1;DaGWfL
e|d0fkZrft\ k|Zgf]Q/df ;xL pQ/ lbg] x'g'k5{ .
!!= x:t;~rfngsf nflu k|of]ufTds ¿kdf cnu dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf
x'g'k5{ .
-v_ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg
kf7\oj|mdn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf p2]Zocg'¿k ljBfyL{n] 1fg, ;Lk tyf clej[lQ
k|fKt u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] d"Nofª\sg u/L To;sf] cfwf/df pQL0f{ tyf cg'QL0f{
ug]{ lg0f{o lnOG5 eg] To:tf] d"Nofª\sgnfO{ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg elgG5 .
o:tf] d"Nofª\sg cfjlws ¿kdf ug]{ ul/G5 . o; ljifodf z}lIfs ;qsf]
cGTodf o:tf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ ul/G5 . lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg ubf{ lzIfsn]
lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg lbg'k5{ M
j]b ljifodf dGqf]Rrf/0f / x:t;~rfng kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf
ckgfpg'k5{ M
-s_ ax'j}slNks k|Zgaf6
-v_ dGqx¿sf] x|:j, bL3{ / Kn'tnufot låTj k|tLsdGq cflb 7Ls 5g\
5}gg\ eGg] k|Zg u/]/ .
-u_ nfdf / 5f]6f dGqx¿ ;f]w]/ .
-3_ ;:j/jfrg u/fP/ .
-ª_ pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t, :j/fª\sg, pRrf/0f / x:t:j/0f 7Ls
ePgePsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf u/]/ .
-r_ sIffut k/LIffsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ .
-5_ j]bsf] dxŒj, cfjZostf, cWoog ljlw;DaGwL k|Zg ;f]w]/ .
P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b sIff ( / !) df cWoog cWofkg u/fp“bf jt{dfg lzIff k4lt /
k|frLg u'?s'n lzIff k4ltnfO{ ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zo oyfjt\ /fVg k|To]s k/LIffdf &%
k|ltzt lnlvt / @% k|ltzt df}lvs -k|of]ufTds_ k/LIffsf] Joj:yf x'g] 5 .
h;cg';f/ P;Pn;Ldf &% k"0ff{ª\ssf] ;}4flGts k/LIff lnlvt x'g] 5 . @% k"0ff{ª\ssf]
df}lvs -k|of]ufTds_ k/LIff ;DalGwt ljBfnon] lgodfg';f/ u/L To;sf] cª\s
;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg'kg]{ 5 .
58
clgjfo{ ;+:s[t Jofs/0f
-j]b ljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j]bflb zf:qx¿sf] cWoog / cg';Gwfg sfo{df Jofs/0fsf] dxŒjk"0f{ :yfg 5 .
Jofs/0fnfO{ j]bsf 5 cª\udWo] d'vsf ¿kdf dflgPsf] 5 . ;+:s[t Jofs/0fnfO{ k"0f{
Jojl:yt ug]{ sfd kfl0flgaf6 ePsf] x'gfn] xfn;Dd klg ;+:s[tsf] Jofs/0f
eGg]lalQs} kfl0flgsf] Jofs/0f eGg] a'lemG5 . o; Jofs/0fdf nf}lss tyf j}lbs
lgodx¿ kfOG5g\ . oxL k/Dk/fcg';f/ ljBfnoLo kf7\oj|mddf kfl0fgLo Jofs/0fnfO{
;dfj]z ul/Psf] xf] . sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{o /
lj=;+= @)^# df nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf;“u} kf7\oj|mddf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL
ePcg'¿k clgjfo{ ;+:s[t Jofs/0f ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 .
o; kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g ubf{ lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 M
– ;+:s[t tyf g]kfnLsf zAbx¿sf] z'4 pRrf/0f, n]vg tyf zAbe08f/sf] j[l4df
hf]8 lbOPsf] 5,
– dflyNnf] txdf Jofs/0f cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/sf] ¿kdf kf7\oj|md th'{df
ul/Psf] 5 .
59
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f :yfg, k|oTg / ;+1f atfpg,
@= ;+:s[t efiffdf k|o'St Jofs/0fsf] lgodfg';f/ ;lGw u/L kb lgdf{0f ug{,
#= ;lGwo'St kbx¿sf] ;lGwljR5]b ug{,
$= ;ª\Vofjfrs zAb / ;j{gfdzAbsf] lnª\ucg';f/ ¿kl;l4 / ¿kfjnL atfpg
tyf k|of]u ug{,
%= k|rlnt cJoo zAbx¿sf] cy{ eGg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
^= ;a} u0fsf k|d'v wft'x¿sf] ;a} nsf/sf ¿k eGg / k|of]u ug{,
&= 0oGt, ;gGt, oªGt, oª\n'uGt, efjsd{, sd{st[, k|lj|mofsf] cfTdg]kb k/:d}kb
nsf/fy{ ljz]iftf tyf ¿kfjnL atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
*= s[bGt zAbx¿sf] k|s[lt k|Too 5'6\ofpg, s[bGt zAblgdf{0f ug{ / jfSodf
k|of]u ug{,
(= sf/ssf] lgod atfpg / tbg';f/ jfSo /rgf ug{,
!)= ;df;sf k|d'v e]b pNn]v ug{ / ;d:t kbx¿ klxrfg ug{,
!!= tl4t k|lj|mofåf/f zAblgdf{0f ug{ / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!@= :qLk|ToofGt k|lj|mofåf/f ¿kl;4 ug{ / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!#= Jofs/0fsf] lgodcg';f/ jfSo/rgf, ;+zf]wg tyf kl/jt{g ug{,
!$= ¿kl;l4df k|of]u x'g] ljleGg kl/efiffx¿ atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
!%= dflyNnf] txdf Jofs/0f cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ kfg{,
!^= ts{ zf:qsf] cfwf/e"t 1fg xfl;n ug{ .
sIff ( sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f :yfg atfpg,
@= k|Tofxf/ / j0f{x¿sf] k|oTg atfpg,
#= Ot\, nf]k, k|Tofxf/, x|:j, bL3{ Kn't, pbfQ, cg'bfQ, :jl/t, cg'gfl;s, ;j0f{
;+lxtflb k|d'v ;+1f ;"qx¿sf] cy{ atfpg,
$= cj;fg, ;+of]u, ;+lxtf, ;j0f{, u'0f, j[l4h:tf Jofs/0fsf kfl/eflifs zAbx¿
atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
%= cr\, k|s[ltefj, xn\ Pjd\ lj;u{ ;lGwsf] e]b atfpg,
^= cr\ ;lGw, k|s[ltefj, xn\;lGw Pjd\ lj;u{;lGwsf lgod hfGg / ;lGw ePsf
zAbsf] l;l4k|lj|mof atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
&= k~r ;lGwsf cfwf/df jfSo lgdf{0f ug{,
60
*= chGt k'lnª\u, :qLlnª\u, gk+';s lnª\udf /x]sf zAbsf] ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof atfpg
/ k|of]u ug{,
(= Ejflbb]lv r'/flb;Ddsf b; u0fsf lgwf{l/t wft'x¿åf/f lgikGGf lj|mofkbsf]
¿kfjnL atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
!)= ;'aGt / ltªGt zAbx¿sf] k|of]u u/L jfSo agfpg,
!!= Gofobz{gsf ;ft kbfy{x¿ atfpg,
!@= gf} b|Jo, k~r]lGb|osf] e]b atfpg,
!#= ;ª\Vof, kl/df0f, :g]x, a'l4sf] :j¿k a'‰g / k|of]u ug{,
!$= sf/0fsf] nIf0f / e]bx¿ atfpg,
!%= k|ToIf k|df0fsf] lgisif{ / nIf0f atfpg .
sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= j0f{x¿sf] k|Tofxf/, :yfg / k|oTg atfpg,
@= o0f\, coflb, u'0f\ j[l4, bL3{, Zr'Tji6'Tj cflb ;lGw k|lj|mofaf6 ag]sf zAbx¿sf]
l;l4k|lj|mof atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
#= chGt k'+lnª\u, :qLlnª\u / gk'+;slnª\usf k|d'v zAbsf ¿kl;l4k|lj|mof tyf
¿kfjnL atfpg,
$= xnGt k'lnª\u, :qLlnª\u / gk'+;s lnª\usf zAbx¿sf] ¿kl;l4 k|lj|mof Pjd\
¿kfjnL atfpg,
%= k|rlnt cJoo zAbx¿sf] l;l4k|lj|mof atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
^= 0oGtb]lv lnP/ nsf/fy{ k|s/0f ;Ddsf ;"qcg';f/sf ¿kfjNfL atfpg /
k|of]u ug{,
&= s[To k|lj|mof, k"j{s[bGt, pQ/s[bGt k|s/0fcGtu{tsf lgwf{l/t k|Toox¿åf/f
zAblgdf{0f ug{ / k|of]u ug{,
*= sf/sljwfos k|d'v ;"qsf] cy{ atfpg / jfSox¿ lgdf{0f ug{,
(= s]jn ;df;b]lv åGå ;df;;Dd lju|xk|bz{gk"j{s ;d:t kbsf] k|lj|mof atfpg,
!)= ckTofy{b]lv :jfly{s k|s/0f;Ddsf k|Tooåf/f zAblgdf{0f ug{,
!!= 6fk\, ªLk, ªLif\, pmª\, lt nfu]/ ag]sf :qLk|ToofGt zAblgdf{0f ug{ / atfpg,
!@= cg'dfg k|df0fsf] :j¿k a'emL atfpg / pkof]u ug{,
!#= x]Tjfef;x¿sf] :j¿k klxrfg ug{ / cg'dfgdf ltgLx¿sf] afwsTj lg?k0f ug{,
!$= zAb k|df0fsf] :j¿k 1fg ug{,
!%= jfSofy{ 1fgsf sf/0fx¿ a'emL ltgsf] ;xfotfn] jfSosf] jfl~rt cy{ 1fg ug{
/ tbg's"n k|of]u ug{ .
61
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0f{fª\s
!= j0f{;dfDgfo, k|Tofxf/, :yfg, – k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, !% !)
k|oTg Pjd\ ;+1fx¿ – JofVofg kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
cGo u|Gy, zAbsf]if, n]v
– 5nkmn cflb . /rgf cflb
@= cr\\;lGw, k|s[ltefj, xn\;lGw, – k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, @! !%
lj;u{;lGw, – JofVofg kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
#= chGtk+'lnª\u, :qLlnª\u, – k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, @! !%
gk'+;s lnª\usf ;+1f ;j{gfd – JofVofg kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
/ ;ª\Vofjfrs zAbx¿ cGo u|Gy, zAbsf]if, n]v
$= Ejflbb]lv r'/flb cGtu{tsf – k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, #! @)
k|d'v wft'x¿ – JofVofg kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
%= Jo'TklQ, ;+1f, ;j{gfd, – k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, !% !)
ljz]if0f Pjd\ lj|mofkbsf] ¿k – JofVofg kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
klxrfg / k|of]u cGo u|Gy, zAbsf]if, n]v
62
^= dª\nfr/0f, kbfy{sf ;ft JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, zAbkQL, n]v, * %
e]bx¿, b|Josf gf} e]bx¿, /rgf kqklqsf, kf7\ok':ts,
u'0fsf rf}aL; e]bx¿ / ts{ ;ª\u|x, tsf{d[t cflb
sd{sf kf“r e]bx¿
&= k[YjL, hn, t]h, jfo', cfsfz, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, zAbkQL, n]v, * %
sfn, lbzf, cfTdf / dgsf /rgf kqklqsf, kf7\ok':ts,
nIf0f / e]bx¿ ts{ ;ª\u|x, tsf{d[t cflb
*= ¿k, /; uGw / :kz{sf nIf0f JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, zAbkQL, n]v, * %
/ e]bx¿ /rgf kqklqsf, kf7\ok':ts,
ts{ ;ª\u|x, tsf{d[t cflb
(= ;ª\Vof, kl/df0f, :g]x, zAb, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, zAbkQL, n]v, * %
a'l4, :d[lt / cg'ejsf nIf0f /rgf kqklqsf, kf7\ok':ts,
/ e]bx¿ . oyfy{ cg'ejsf] ts{ ;ª\u|x, tsf{d[t cflb
nIf0f, pbfx/0f / e]b
!)= sf/0fsf] nIf0f tyf e]b . JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ tflnsf, lrq, zAbkQL, n]v, !% !)
k|ToIf 1fgsf] nIf0f, /rgf kqklqsf, kf7\ok':ts,
;lGgsif{sf] nIf0f / e]b . ts{ ;ª\u|x, tsf{d[t cflb
k|ToIf k|df0fsf] lgisif{ nIf0f
hDdf !%) !))
63
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' / If]q lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0f{fª\s
! cfj[lQ v08 k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, #) @)
k|Tofxf/, :yfg, k|oTg, o0f\, coflb, kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
u'0f\ j[l4, bL3{, Zr'Tj, i6'Tj ug]{ cGo u|Gy, zAbsf]if, n]v
;"q / l;l4k|lj|mof, chGt /rgf cflb
k'+lnª\usf /fd, ;j{, xl/, lkt[zAb
:qLlnª\usf /df / uf}/L zAb
gk'+;s lnª\usf 1fg / jfl/ zAb .
@= xnGtk'+lnª\u, :qLlnª\u, gk'+;s k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, #) @)
lnª\u / cJoo k|s/0f kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
/rgf cflb u|Gy, zAbkQL
cflb
#= 0oGtb]lv nsf/fy{;Ddsf wft'¿k k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, * %
kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
/rgf cflb zAbkQL cflb
$= k"j{s[bGt, pQ/s[bGt k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, * %
kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
/rgf cflb
%= sf/s k|s/0f k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts * %
k|ydfb]lv ;KtdL;Dd ;"q / tyf cGo u|Gy, zAbkQL
;"qfy{;d]t cflb
64
^ ;df; M s]jn ;df;, cJooLefj, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq,;Gbe{ ;fdu|L * %
tTk'?if, ax'j|Llx / åGå ;df; zAbkQL, cflb
& tl4t k|s/0f M ckToflwsf/, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, & %
/StfBy{, rft'/ly{s, z}lifs, kfl0fgLo Jofjs/0f;DaGwL
ljsf/fy{s, 7ulwsf/, oblwsf/, cGo u|Gy, zAbsf]if, n]v
5otf]lwsf/, 7`lwsf/, k|flUbzLo, /rgf cflb
k|flujLo, :jfly{s
k|s/0f
*= :qLk|Too M 6fk\, ªLk\, ªLif\ ªLg\, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn cflb tflnsf, lrq, kf7\ok':ts & %
pmª\ / ltk|Tooaf6 lgikGg tyf cGo u|Gy, zAbkQL
zAbx¿sf] k|s[ltk|Too ljR5]b cflb
(= cg'dfg, cg'ldlt / kf/dz{sf] k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn, k|jrg, tflnsf, zAbkQL !% !)
nIf0f, JolStsf] :j¿k kIf vf]h cg';Gwfg
wd{tfsf] nIf0f, cg'dfgsf
b'O{k|sf/ tyf :j¿k, cg'dfgsf
kfFr cjoj, lnª\usf tLg e]b,
cGojJolt/]sL, s]jnfGjoL /
s]jnJolt/]sLsf nIf0fx¿, kIf,
;kIf / ljkIfsf nIf0fx¿ .
!)= x]Tjfef;sf e]bx¿, ;Jolerf/sf] k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn, k|jrg, tflnsf, zAbkQL & %
nIf0f / e]b, lj?4sf] nIf0f / vf]h cg';Gwfg
pbfx/0f, cl;4sf e]b, jflwtsf]
nIf0f / pbfx/0f
65
!!= pkdfgsf] :j¿k / pbfx/0f k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn, k|jrg, tflnsf, zAbkQL & %
vf]h cg';Gwfg
!@= zAbk|df0sf] :j¿k, jfSofy{ k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, 5nkmn, k|jrg, tflnsf, zAbkQL !% !)
1fgdf x]t'x¿ / ltgLx¿sf] nIf0f, vf]h cg';Gwfg
jfSodf b'O{ e]b zAb1fgsf] :j¿k
hDdf !%) !))
b|i6Jo M
Jofs/0f v08sf] kf7\oj:t'sf] If]qsf lgldQ dWol;4fGt sf}d'bLdf lgwf{l/t ;"qx¿ ;dfj]z ug]{ Pjd\ ts{ ;ª\u|x v08sf] kf7\oj:t'sf]
If]qsf lgldQ ;f]xL u|GynfO{ cfwf/ u|Gysf ¿kdf u|x0f ug]{ . s[bGtaf6 tf]lsPsf k|Toox¿ lbOPcg';f/ 5g\ M tJot\, cgLo/\, 0j'n\,
t[r\ St, Stjt' zt[, zfgr\, l0flg, t'd'g\, STjf, Nok\, 3`\ . tl4taf6 tf]lsPsf k|Toox¿ lbOPcg';f/ 5g\ M c0f\, O`\, 9s\, 5, 3,
do6\, ot\, dt'k\, Tj, tn\, 7g\ .
66
efiff tyf Jofs/0f ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfOsf] lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf]
k|s[lt Pjd\ eflifs ;Lksf cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . Jofs/0fsf
;}4flGts kIfnfO{ ;s];Dd ljBfyL{sf] Jofjxfl/s hLjg;“u ;fdh~h:o u/]/
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO k|lj|mof ;~rfng ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 .
o;y{ o; ljifosf nflu k|Zgf]Q/, ?kfog, efiff ;+;u{, cGj]if0f, k|jrg, vf]h
cg';Gwfgh:tf k|rlnt ljlwx¿ k|of]u ug'{ pko'St x'G5 . o;y{ Jofs/0f lzIf0f ubf{
plNnlvt ljlwsf ;fy} lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df Wofg lbg' pko'St x'G5 .
!= jflif{s lzIf0f of]hgf, PsfO of]hgf / b}lgs kf7of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L ;f]cg';f/sf]
lzIf0f k|efjsf/L x'G5 .
@= lzIf0fsf] dfWod efiffsf] ¿kdf ;+:s[t efiff g} k|of]u ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;+:s[t
dfWodn] a'emfp“bf efj :ki6 ug{ g;lsg] eP dfq g]kfnL efiffnfO{ sxL“sxL“
k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg] 5 .
#= lzIf0f ubf{ lzIfsn] v'?v'? gatfO{ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|Zg ub}{ pgLx¿n] lbPsf]
pQ/df ;+zf]wg ub}{ ljifo k|j]z ug'{kb{5 .
$= ljBfyL{x¿sf] k"j{1fg yfxfkfO{ k"j{1fg / ljifosf] k"jf{k/;DaGwnfO{ Wofg lbO{
lzIf0f ug'{kb{5 .
%= :yfg / k|oTg l;sfp“bf klxn] ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f]wL pgLx¿n] atfpg g;s]kl5 dfq
cfkm"n] atfpg'kb{5 .
^= ;lGwsf] cWofkg ubf{ ljleGg pbfx/0f lbO{ ;lGw ug{ nufpg'kb{5 / ljBfyL{
cfkm“}nfO{ ;lGwsf] lgod kQf nufpg nufpg'kb{5, ;lGwsf] lgdo kQf nufpg
g;s]df cfkm}“n] atfOlbg'kb{5 / ;"q klg cy{;lxt atfO{ cGo pbfx/0fx¿
atfpg nufpg'kb{5 .
&= chGt k'+lnª\usf zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL / lgdf{0fk|lj|mof l;sfpg'eGbf cl3 Ps}
lsl;dsf zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL b]vfO{ ltgLx¿df ;dfgtf / leGgtf klxNofpg
nufpg'kb{5, h:t}M /fd:o / afns:o df lsg / s:tf] ;dfgtf 5 ljBfyL{nfO{
kQf nufpg nufpg'kb{5, /fd]0f / afns]g df s:tf] ;dfgtf / s:tf] c;dfgtf
5 ;f]Wg] Pjd\ 0fTj ePsf] / gePsf] sf/0f kQf nufpg ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L y'k|}
pbfx/0fx¿ lbg'kb{5 .
*= o:t} k|lj|mof :qL / gk'+;s lnª\uL-xnGt ;lxtsf_ zAbdf klg k|of]u ug{'kb{5 .
(= cJoosf] cWofkg ug{ ;'? ubf{ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ g} pgLx¿n] hfg]sf cJoo
zAbx¿ eGg nufpg'kb{5 / ltgLx¿sf] cy{ ;f]Wg'kb{5 . Pp6} cJoonfO{ ljleGg
jfSodf k|of]u ug{ nufO{ h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg cJoodf kl/jt{g gcfPsf]
67
b]vfOlbg'kb{5 / cJoosf] kl/efiff agfpg nufpg'kb{5 -ljBfyL{nfO{ w]/} cJoo
zAb atfpg lbO{ cfkm"n] clncln ;xof]u ug]{_ .
!)= :qLk|ToofGt zAbx¿ k9fpg'eGbf cufl8 pgLx¿n] hfg]sf k'+jfrL tyf :qLjfrL
zAbx¿ atfpg nufpg'kb{5 . -h:t}M afnssf] :qLjfrL zAb ;f]Wg], g/sf]
:qLjfrL zAb ;f]Wg] cflb_ s'g} zAbsf] k5fl8 cf tyf s'g} zAbsf] k5fl8 O{
ylkPsf] b]vfO{ j|mdzM pbfx/0f lb+“b} lj:tf/} ;"q atfpg] / Tof] ;"qåf/f lgdf{0f
ug{ ;lsg] cGo zAbx¿ agfpg nufpg'kb{5 .
!!= Jofs/0f lzIf0fsf] d'Vo p2]Zo eflifs z'4tf / zAb Jo'Tkfbg, ¿kl;l4 h:tf
dxŒjk"0f{ cª\udf Wofg lbO{ eflifs ;Lk -;'gfO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO_ sf]
;Gt'lnt ljsf;df hf]8 lbg'kb{5 .
cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s b'j} ¿kn] lzIf0f pknlAwnfO{ dfkg ub}{ hfg'k5{ . o:tf]
d"Nofª\sg cWoogs} j|mddf df}lvs ¿kn] / kf7 tyf PsfOsf] cGtdf lnlvt ¿kdf
lng'k5{ . df}lvs tyf lnlvt k/LIffsf dfWodn] kf7PsfO / k|s/0fut ¿kdf
ljBfyL{x¿sf] pknlAw dfkg ug'{k5{ . d"Nofª\sgsf j|mddf k|Tofxf/, Wjlg, j0f{, :yfg,
k|oTg, ;lGw, ¿kfog k|lj|mof, k'+lnª\u, :qLlnª\u, gk'+;slnª\usf ¿kx¿, ¿k;fwg
k|lj|mof, ;"qfy{, cJoosf] cy{, :qLk|ToofGt zAblgdf{0fk|lj|mof h:tf lgwf{l/t
ljifoj:t'sf] ;a} kIfsf] d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{5 .
sIff ( sf] jflif{s k/LIff ;~rfng k|s/0fut k"0ff{ª\ssf] cfwf/df k|Zgkq lgdf{0f u/L
;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 . sIff !) sf] jflif{s k/LIff -P;Pn;L_ sf] k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ubf{
ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf cfwf/df ug'{kg]{ 5 . sIff ( sf] jflif{s
kf7\oef/ !%) / ;fKtflxs kf7\oef/ % /x]sf] 5 eg] sIff !) sf] klg jflif{s kf7\oef/
!%) / ;fKtflxs kf7\oef/ % /x]sf] 5 .
68
clgjfo{ ;+:s[t efiff / ;flxTo
-j]b ljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
kf7\oj|md ;dofg'¿k kl/jt{gLo ljifo xf] . t;y{ o;nfO{ lg/Gt/¿kdf kl/jt{g ug'{
pko'St x'G5 . j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfnox¿df lgwf{l/t zf:qLo ljifox¿dWo]
;+:s[t efiff / ;flxTo klg Ps xf] . o; ljifosf] kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;do;fk]If agfpg
kl/dfh{g ug'{ cfjZos ePsfn] lgDg cfwf/df o;df kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 M
– kf7\oj|mdnfO{ cBfjlws / ;d;fdlos agfpg,
– ljleGg lzIff cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgn] l;kmfl/; u/]cg';f/ lzIffnfO{ ;do;fk]If
agfpg,
– ;+:s[t efiff / ;flxTonfO{ ;/n, Jofjxfl/s / k|efjsfl/¿kdf l;sfpg,
– ljleGg dfWodaf6 k|fKt /fo;'emfjsf cfwf/df b]lvg cfPsf sdL sdhf]/L
x6fpg,
– sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{o / lj=;+= @)^# df
nf]stGqsf] efjgfcg'¿k kl/dfh{g ug{ .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ;+:s[t efiffdf cleJolSt ;'gL To;cg';f/ k|ltlj|mof JoSt ug{,
@= ;/n uBdf n]lvPsf ;+:s[t /rgfnfO{ ult, olt / no ldnfO{ ;:j/ / df}gk7g
ug{,
#= ;+:s[tdf jfSo/rgf ug{ / lrx\gx¿sf] plrt k|of]u ug{,
$= ;+:s[t efiff / ;flxTodf k|rlnt ;fdfGo, kfl/eflifs Pjd\ ;flxlTos zAb k9\g,
n]Vg / cy{ atfpg,
%= ;+:s[t ;flxTosf ;/n, efjdo / ;/; cg'R5]bx¿ k9L df}lvs / lnlvt¿kdf
efj JoSt ug{,
^= kBsfJosf] kl/ro k|fKt u/L sfJofTds z}nLdf kBx¿sf] pRrf/0f ug{,
&= uBsfJosf cfwf/df ;d:t zAbsf] lju|x / ;df;sf] ;fdfGo hfgsf/L ug{,
69
*= 5Gb tyf cnª\sf/sf] nIf0f Pjd\ pbfx/0f hfGg / nIf0f Pjd\ pbfx/0fsf] ;dGjog
ug{,
(= kBsfJo 5Gb ldnfO{ k9\g / efj cleJoSt ug{,
!)= sfJofTds cleJolSt, lzNk / ;f}Gbo{sf] klxrfg u/L atfpg,
!!= cg'R5]b /rgf, n3'syf, ;+jfb, lr7L / n3'lgaGw /rgf ug{,
!@= lgwf{l/t kf7sf] cWoog u/L cy{u|x0f ug{, JofVof ug{, j0f{g ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{,
tfTko{ v'nfpg, ;f/f+z n]Vg / ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ lbg,
!#= ;+:s[t ;flxTosf af/]df kl/ro lbg,
!$= n3' cg'R5]bsf] ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf / g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf cg'jfb ug{,
!%= jfRosf k|d'v lgod atfO{ jfRo kl/jt{g ug{ .
sIff ( sf] cWoog k"/f ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ;fdfGo tyf ;flxlTos zAb k9\g, n]Vg / cy{ atfpg,
@= ;+:s[t ;flxTosf lgwf{l/t c+zsf kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{ atfpg / jfSodf
k|of]u ug{,
#= lgwf{l/t uB / kBsf] ;:j/ / df}gk7g u/L cy{af]w ug{, efj lj:tf/ ug{, ;f/f+z
n]Vg / af]wfTds pQ/ lbg,
$= ;+:s[t uB ;flxTosf] Oltxf;;DaGwL kl/ro lbg,
%= ;+:s[tdf af]lnPsf syf, ;+jfbh:tf ljifonfO{ jStfsf] r]i6f, xfpefp /
clego;d]t a'emL To;cg';f/ k|ltlj|mof JoSt ug{,
^= ;+:s[t efiffdf k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg / ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] df}lvs / lnlvt ¿kdf
plrt pQ/ lbg,
&= ;fdfGo cleJolSt / ;flxlTos cleJolSt 5'6\ofpg,
*= 5Gbf]a4 sljtfdf x|:j, bL3{, ult, olt, u0f / dfqf atfpg,
(= cg'i6'e\, cfof{, OGb|jh|f, pk]Gb|jh|f, pkhflt, j+z:y, tf]6s, e'hª\uk|oft, OlGb/f,
/yf]4f, :jfutf, zflngL, j;Gtltnsf 5Gbx¿sf] nIf0f Pjd\ pbfx/0f eGg /
k|of]u ug{,
!)= uB k|aGw k9L cy{ atfpg, JofVof ug{, j0f{g ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{, tfTko{
v'nfpg / ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ lbg,
!!= cg'R5]b, ;+jfb, n3'syf, lr7L tyf n3'lgaGwsf] /rgf ug{,
!@= kBnfO{ ult, olt, no ldnfO{ jfrg ug{, cy{ eGg, JofVof Pjd\ j0f{g ug{,
efjlj:tf/ ug{, clek|fo v'nfpg / ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ lbg,
!#= ;/n jfSox¿sf] g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf / ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ug{,
70
!$= jfSosf] kl/ro lbg / jfSo lgdf{0f ug{,
!%= ;+:s[t efiff Pjd\ ;flxTosf] cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ .
sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ;+:s[t efiffsf ;fdfGo, kfl/eflifs Pjd\ ;flxlTos zAbx¿ z'4;“u k9\g, n]Vg
/ cy{ u|x0f u/L k|of]u ug{,
@= ;+:s[tdf jfrg ul/Psf sljtfnfO{ r]i6f, xfpefpm / clego;d]t a'emL
To;cg';f/ k|ltlj|mof JoSt ug{,
#= cg'R5]b, ;+jfb, n3'syf, lr7L tyf n3'lgaGwsf] /rgf ug{,
$= ;+:s[tdf k9fPsf jftf{nfk u/]sf ljifoj:t'sf] pQ/ lbg'k5{ egL Wofgk"j{s
7DofP/ ;'gL pQ/ lbg,
%= ;+:s[t ;flxTosf dw'/ / nlnt kbfjnLsf] cy{ atfpg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
^= k~rrfd/, xl/0fL, ljof]lugL, dflngL, dGbfj|mfGtf, lzvl/0fL, zfb"{nljj|mLl8t,
;|Uw/f 5Gbx¿sf] nIf0f / pbfx/0f atfpg Pjd\ kBdf 36fpg,
&= k|rlnt cnª\sf/x¿dWo] cg'k|f;, pkdf, ¿ks, :jefjf]lSt / pTk|]Iff
cnª\sf/x¿sf] nIf0f pbfx/0f atfpg / kBdf ltgsf] nIf0f 36fpg,
*= uBsfJo, kBsfJo, lgaGw / syf, df}gk7g u/L cy{af]w ug{ / JofVof Pjd\
j0f{g ug{, efjlj:tf/ ug{,
(= lgwf{l/t uBsfJo, kBsfJo, lgaGw / syfsf cfwf/df ;f]lwPsf ;ª\lIfKt Pjd\
af]wfTds pQ/ lbg,
!)= cfk"mn] b]v]sf, ;'g]sf, cg'ej u/]sf / k9]sf ljifodf k|aGw Pjd\ lgaGw /rgf
ug{,
!!= ld> / ;+o'St jfSox¿sf] g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf / ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb
ug{,
!@= jfRo kl/jt{gsf k|d'v lgodx¿ hfGg / jfSodf k|of]u ug{,
!#= ;+:s[t kB ;flxTosf] Oltxf; af/]df kl/ro lbg,
!$= ;+:s[tdf cleJoSt ;fdfGo cleJolSt / ;flxlTos cleJolSt 5'6\ofpg,
!%= ;+:s[t efiff Pjd\ ;flxTodf pRr lzIff cWoogsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ .
71
-ª_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff (_
j|m=;+ ljwf pkljwf ljifoj:t'sf] If]q kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0f ljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= uB k|aGw != lzj/fh g}lts, JofVofg, k|jrg, k|aGw syf;“u ;Da4 #) @)

;flxTo syf ljhosf] k|yd P]ltxfl;s syfsyg, k|Zgf]Q/, lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs,
lgZjf;sf] cGj]if0f cflb 8:6/, ;flxlTos zAb,
5gf]6 c+z zAbkQL, jfSokQL /
cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
@= kB kB syf != /3'j+zsf] ;f+:s[lts Pjd\ JofVofg, k|jrg, lrq, kf7\ok':ts, #) @)
;flxTo k|yd ;u{ sfJofTds k|Zgf]Q/, ;dLIff, t'ngf, ;Gbe{k':ts, zAbkQL,
efiff ;+;u{ cflb jfSokQL
#= uB syf #= lxtf]kb]zaf6 g}lts / JofVofg vf]h, syfsyg, lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs, !% !)
-;ª\slnt_ kf}/fl0fs k|Zgf]Q/, df}g / 8:6/, kf7\ok':ts,
;:j/jfrg cflb zAbkQL, cGo ;fdu|L
$= /rgf cg'R5]b cg'R5]b /rgf / ;f+:s[lts / k|jrg, efiff;+;u{ cflb lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs, #) @)
Pjd\ n3' n3' lgaGw, ;fdflhs 8:6/, ;Gbe{k':ts
lgaGw ;+jfb /rgf zAbkQL, cGo pkof]uL
;fdu|L
%= uB lgaGw @= -;ª\slnt_ jftfj/0f, k|jrg, cWoog e|d0f, lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs, !) %
hg;ª\Vof, 5nkmn cflb 8:6/, ;Gbe{ k':ts,
;fdflhs JofVofg, k|jrgdf
pkof]u x'g] cGo ;fdu|L,
zAbkQL, jfSokQL
72
^= sfJo 5Gb !# 5Gbx¿ u0f kl/ro, x|:j, bL3{sf JofVofg, uj]if0f, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, @) !%
zf:q lgod kl/ro, lj/fd:yn, t'ngf, 5n˚n cflb kf7\ok':ts,
kl/ro, j[Q hflt u0ftflnsf, u0fdf
e]b1fg, cg'i6'e\, cfof{, pko'St x'g] zAbx¿sf]
OGb|jh|f, pk]Gb|jh|f, ;"rL tyf cGo ;fdu|L
pkhflt, j+z:y, tf]6s,
e'h·k|oft, OlGb/f,
/yf]4tf, :jfutf, zflngL,
j;Gtltnsf 5Gbx¿;sf]
nIf0f pbfx/0f
& cg'jfb cg'jfb jfSoe]b / jfSokl/ro, jfSolgdf{0f k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, tflnsf, lrq, ;Gbe{ !% !)
lgdf{0f Pjd\ ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf 5nkmn cflb ;fdu|L, zAbkQL, cflb
/ g]kfnLaf6 ;+:s[tdf
cg'jfb
hDdf !%) !))
73
-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff !)_
j|m=;+ ljwf pkljwf ljifoj:t'sf] If]q kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0fljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= uB k|aGw lzj/fh ljhosf] P]ltxfl;s JofVofg, k|jrg, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, #) @)

;flxTo uBsyf låtLo lgZjf;sf] sfJofTds ;dLIff, 5nkmn, efiff lrq, zAb;"rL,
5gf]6 c+z ;+;u{ t'ngf cflb kf7\ok':ts,
;Gbe{k':tsx¿
@= kB dxfsfJo /3'j+zsf] låtLo ;f+:s[lts JofVofg, k|jrg, sfJo lglb{i6 b[Zosf #) @)

;flxTo ;u{ sfJofTds ;dLIff, 5nkmn, efiff lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs,
;+;u{ t'ngf cflb 8:6/, 5gf]6 ul/Psf
5Gbx¿;“u ;DaGw
kBkQL
#= uB syf k~rtGqaf6 kf}/fl0fs, JofVofg, vf]h, lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs, !% !)

tLgcf]6f syfx¿ ;f+:s[lts / syfsyg, k|Zgf]Q/, 8:6/, ;Gbe{ k':ts
-;ª\slnt_ ;fdflhs df}g / ;:j/ jfrg kf7\ok':ts, zAbkQL,
cflb cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
cflb
74
$= uB lgaGw @ ;ª\slnt Jo'TklQ / af]w k|jrg, lgaGw Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
;“u;+a4 JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/ cflb ;Gbe{ k':ts, kf7\ok':ts
cflb
%= 5Gb 5Gb k~rrfd/, xl/0fL, nIf0f1fg, k|jrg, 5nkmn, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
ljof]lugL, dflngL, pbfx/0f 1fg / k|Zgf]Q/ cflb kf7\ok':ts pko'St Pjd\
dGbfj|mfGtf, nIf0f Pjd\ kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] ;"rL,
lzvl/0fL, pbfx/0fsf] cGo ;fdu|L
zfb"{nljj|mLl8t / ;dGjo
;|Uw/f
^ cnª\sf/ cnª\sf/ pkdf, ¿ks, nIf0f1fg, k|jrg, 5nkmn, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
pTk|]Iff, pbfx/0f 1fg / k|Zgf]Q/ cflb kf7\ok':ts zAbx¿sf]
cyf{Gt/Gof;, nIf0f Pjd\ ;"rL, cGo ;fdu|L
:jefjf]lSt cg'k|f; pbfx/0fsf]
;dGjo
75
& cg'jfb cg'jfb jfRokl/jt{g jfRokl/jt{gsf k|jrg, 5nkmn, tflnsf, lrq, ;Gbe{ #) @)
lgod / pbfx/0f k|Zgf]Q/, j0f{g, ;fdu|L, zAbkQL, cflb
Pjd\ ;+:s[taf6 ?kfGt/0f cflb
g]kfnLdf /
g]kfnLaf6
;+:s[tdf cg'jfb
hDdf !%) !))
76
efiff lzIf0fl;sfOsf] lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt Pjd\ eflifs
;Lksf cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . efiffsf ;}4flGts kInfO{ ;s];Dd
ljBfyL{sf] Jofjxfl/s hLjg;“u ;fdh~h:o u/]/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL
u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO k|lj|mof ;~rfng ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 . o;y{ lzIfsn] jflif{s / b}lgs
kf7 of]hgf tof/ u/L lzIf0f sfo{sf] tof/L ug'{k5{ . p2]Zocg'¿k lzIfs,
5fq5fqfnfO{ efiffsf] ;'gfO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO ;Lk l;sfpg bQlrQ x'g'k5{ .
sIffdf lgoldt¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/, ljdz{ / n]vgfEof; u/fpg'k5{ . kf7sf] ljifo
k|s[ltcg';f/ ;:j/ cyjf df}gk7g u/fpg] / ;+:s[t dfWodaf6 pQ/ lbg] cEof;
u/fpg'k5{ . cWoog j0f{g ug]{ s[ltsf] ;fdfGo¿kdf ;dLIff ug]{ / n]vssf] ;ª\lIfKt
kl/ro lbg]h:tf ljifodf 5fq5fqfnfO{ ;Ifd u/fpg'k5{ . ;fdfGo jfSo Pjd\
;flxlTos jfSosf] k|of]u ug]{, sfJofTds jfSosf] /;f:jfbg u/fpg] / ;"lStjfSosf]
dd{ :kz{ u/fpg] kl/kf6L a;fNg'k5{ . lzIf0f ubf{ JofVofg k|jrgsf ;fy} vf]h
cg';Gwfg, kl/of]hgf, cjnf]sg, k|Zgf]Q/ / 5nkmnh:tf k|rlnt ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u
ug'{ pko'St x'G5 . uBsfJo, kBsfJo, syf, Psfª\sL, lgaGw /rgf, 5Gb /
cnª\sf/sf] lzIf0f ubf{ k|:tfjgfåf/f k"j{ kl/ro lbP/ p2]Zo, ljifosf] 1fg u/fPkl5
cfbz{jfrg u/L 5fqx¿åf/f cg'jfrg u/fO{ u[xsfo{ lbg'k5{ . pko'{St ljlwcg';f/
lgDglnlvt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ug'{ pko'St x'G5 M
-c_ >j0f;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• zAbx¿ lzIfsn] k9\g] / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;'Gg nufpg]
• syf, lgaGw, hLjgL / kB lzIfsn] k9\g] / cy{ a'em\g] u/L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'Gg
nufpg]
• >'ltn]vgsf ¿kdf kf7sf c+zx¿ lzIfsn] eGg] / ljBfyL{nfO{ n]Vg nufpg]
• k|Zg ;f]Wbf pQ/ lbg'k5{ eGg] 7fgL ;'Gg nufpg]
• ;'g]sf s'/f c¿nfO{ a'emfpg ;Sg] u/L ;'Gg nufpg]
• k|;f/0fsf dfWodaf6 k|;fl/t ljifoj:t' a'em]/ ;'Gg nufpg]
• syfsyg, ;+jfb h:tf ljifoj:t'nfO{ jStfsf] r]i6f xfpefp / clegosf] Vofn
u/L ;'Gg nufpg]
-cf_ syg;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk

• lj|mof gePsf jfSoaf6 ;'? ug]{ / j|mdzM stf{, sd{ / lj|mof ePsf jfSodf
af]Ng cEof; u/fpg]
• ;/n / cfkm"n] k|of]u ul/;]ssf zAb k|of]u u/L af]Ng nufpg]
k|Zgf]Q/sf ¿kdf af]Ng nufpg]
76
• jftf{nfksf ¿kdf af]Ng nufpg] To:t} cj:yfcg';f/ ;+od / lzi6tfk"j{s
af]Ng nufpg]
• ts{;ª\ut / k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] ;+oldt eO{ af]Ng nufpg]
• ;'g]sf b]v]sf / k9]sf ljifoj:t'nfO{ clegofTds tl/sfn] af]Ng nufpg]
• efif0f, jfbljjfb, k|jrg h:tf sfo{j|mddf af]Ng clek|]l/t ug]{
-O_ k7g;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk

• zAbx¿nfO{ z'4;“u pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg]
• lgwf{l/t uB / kB ;:j/ / df}g ¿kdf k9\g nufpg]
• lgwf{l/t uB / kB JofVof, ljZn]if0f a'“bf l6kf]6, efjlj:tf/ / af]wfTds
pQ/
lbg ;Sg] u/L cy{ a'em]/ k9\g nufpg]
• lj>fdsf] Vofn u/L 5Gbcg';f/ no xfnL lgwf{l/t kBx¿ k9\g nufpg]
• kfblj>fd, cw{lj>fd, k"0f{lj>fd, k|Zglrx\g, pb\uf/lrx\g OToflb lrx\gx¿sf]
Vofn u/L k9\g nufpg]
• kl7t ljifosf] tfTko{ u|x0f ug{ ;Sg] u/L k9\g nufpg]
-O{_ n]vg ;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk
• cg'nv] gsf ¿kdf ;kmf / /fd|f] cIf/ n]Vg nufpg]
• kfblj>fd, cw{lj>fd, k"0f{lj>fd, k|Zglrx\g, pb\uf/lrx\gx¿ k|of]u u/L n]Vg
nufpg]
• k|;ª\ucg';f/ cg'R5]b 5'6\ofP/ n]Vg nufpg]
• ;fdfGo, kfl/eflifs, k|fljlws zAbx¿sf] plrt k|of]u u/L n]Vg nufpg]
• 36gf, b[Zo / lrqsf] j0f{g, lr7L, lgj]bg, k|aGw hLjgL ;+jfb, syf, lgaGw
n]Vg nufpg]
• kf7df k|o'St ljlzi6 kª\lStsf] JofVof, efjfy{ jf efjlj:tf/ ug{ nufpg]
• k9]sf / ;'g]sf ljifoj:t'sf] ;f/f+z a'“bf l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg]
• kl7t Jofs/0fsf] cfwf/df cfwf/e"t tŒj a'emL ;+:s[t efiffdf lgwf{l/t
k|Zgf]Q/ ug{ nufpg]

kf7\oj|mdåf/f lglb{i6 p2]Zo k|flKt eP–gePsf] s'/f d"Nofª\sgaf6} yfxf kfOGf]
ePsfn] kf7\oj|mdn] tf]s]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ljifoj:t'nfO{ ;d]l6g] u/L k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ug'{k5{
. o;sf] nflu ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tM cfwf/
agfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . cfGtl/s k/LIff lnO{ ;+:s[t efiffdf ;'gfO / af]nfO ;Lksf]
d"Nofª\sg ug]{, afx\o k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'gnfO{ ;f] cª\s u0fgf gug]{ Pjd\ k9fO /
n]vfO ;Lksf] d"Nofª\sg n]vfOåf/f jflif{s k/LIffaf6 ug]{ u/L Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{
77
5 . sIff !) sf] kf7\oj|md / kf7\ok':tssf cfwf/df k"j{ dWodf -P;Pn;L_ k/LIff
x'g] 5 . o; ljifosf] ;fKtflxs kf7\oef/ % / jflif{s k"0ff{ª\s !)) /x]sf] 5 . o;
ljifosf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df Wofg lbg'kg]{ 5 M
– d"Nofª\sg ubf{ eflifs ;Lksf ;fy} ljBfyL{df lglZrt 1fgsf ljljw kIfsf]
dfkg ug'{k5{ .
– d"Nofª\sg ubf{ eflifs ;Lksf ;fy} ljBfyL{df lglZrt 1fgsf ljljw kIfsf]
dfkg ug'{k5{ .
– k|Zglgdf{0f ubf{ ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf lgdf{0f u/L pkof]u ug'{k5{ .
– k|Zgx¿ lgaGwfTds, JofVofTds, ;ª\lIfKt pQ/fTds, af]wfTds, Jo'TklQk/s
l6Kk0fLd"ns x'g'k5{ .
– k|Zgx¿df kl/ro, j0f{g, JofVof, ;f/f+z, efjlj:tf/, tfTkok|sfzg,
kof{oljwfg, ;df;lgb]{zg, 5Gblgb]{zg, n]vg, cg'R5]bn]vg k|aGwn]vg,
;+jfb/rgf, n]vskl/roh:tf ljifo ;dfj]z ul/g'k5{ .
– d"Nofª\sg ubf{, eflifs z'4tf, ljifoj:t' / k|ltkfbg z}nLnfO{ ljz]if Wofg
lbg'k5{ .
78
P]lR5s sd{sf08
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
cfhef]ln ;+:s[t lzIffsf] k7gkf7g cfjZos dfqfdf gx'gfn] ;+:s[t Jofs/0fcg';f/
ljelSt ldnfO{ z'4;“u sd{sf08 ug{] u/fpg] dflg; b'n{e 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ cfgf]
;+:s[lt, wd{, /xg;xg;d]t nf]k eO{ xfd|f] klxrfg / cl:dtf g} ;ª\s6df kg]{ l:ylt
b]vf kg{ nfu]sfn] sd{sf08 ljifo ljBfno txdf lzIf0f ug'{k/]sf] xf] .
;+;f/sf sltko ;d'Ggt / ;DkGg /fi6« ;+:s[ltljxLg x'“bf nHhfsf] cg'ej ug'{k/]sf]
5 . xfd|f gfds/0f cflb ;+:sf/, rf8kj{ / hfqfx¿ xfd|f klxrfg x'g\ . ltgLx¿nfO{
hf]ufpg' eg]sf] cfTdf, ;+:s[lt / cfgf] cl:tTjnfO{ hf]ufpg' xf] . xfd|f] b]zsf] of]
cl:tTj / klxrfg xfd|f ;+:sf/ Pjd\ ;+:s[ltsf cfwf/df dfq} af“Rg ;S5g\ .
sd{sf08nfO{ hf]ufpg / xfd|f] ;dfhdf ;Ddflgt /fVg To;sf] k7gkf7g, k|lzIf0f /
k|f]T;fxg;d]t x'g' cToGt cfjZos 5 . o;} ;To / tYosf cfwf/df sd{sf08 ug{
u/fpg hfGg]x¿sf] vf“rf]nfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L k|:t't kf7\oj|mdsf] th'{df ul/Psf] 5
. h;af6 lgDglnlvt pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
– of] ljifo k7gkf7gn] ljBfyL{nfO{ cfgf] wd{, ;+:s[lt, ;bfrf/, lgTosd{ s], lsg
/ s;/L ug{] eGg] s'/f a'‰g, a'´fpg / :jod\ ug{ ;Lkd"ns k|of]ufTds
s'zntf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5,
– sd{sf08 ljifosf] k7gkf7gn];fdflhs vf“rf] k"/f ug{ clek|]l/t ug{ ;Sg] 5,
– :jfwLg, :jfjnDaL eO{ hLljsf lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] hgzlQm pTkfbg x'g] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

dfWolds txsf] cWoogkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= k|ftM :t'ltcGtu{t u0f]z, ;"o{, b]jL, lzj, lji0f' / gju|x:t'lt ug{ Pjd\ u/fpg,
@= lgTosd{ ug{ / u/fpg,
#= k|l;4 j|tk"hfx¿ ug{ / u/fpg
$= :jl:tjfrg, sd{kfq tyf c£o{kfq lgdf{0f Pjd\ k'0ofxjfrg ug{ / u/fpg,
%= bLk, snz / u0f]zsf] j}lbs ljlwcg';f/ k"hg ug{,
^= :yfgk"j{s kf~rfog b]jtf lgwf{/0f k"hfljlw pNn]v ug{,
&= ;ª\sNkdf k|of]u x'g] cfjZos Hof]ltif;DaGwL ljifox¿sf] 1fg u/L ;ª\sNk
jfrg ug{,
*= /ª\ujNnL -/]vL_ /rgf;lxt ?b|fleif]s ug{ / u/fpg,
(= xjgljlw / gju|xsf] k"hfljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
79
!)= hftsdf{lb k|l;4 ;+:sf/ tyf Cliftk{0fL ug{ / u/fpg,
!!= Psf]lbi6 >f4 ug{ / u/fpg .

sIff ( sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= laxfg p7L kf~rfog b]jtfsf] :t'lt ug{ / u/fpg,
@= lgTosd{sf] dxŒj a'´L x:tbz{gb]lv zogljlw;Dd cfr/0f :jfefljs¿kn]
kfngf ug{ u/fpg,
#= b]jk"hfsf cfwf/e"t s'/fx¿ s07:y u/L :yfkgj|md;lxt kf~rfog b]jtfsf]
k"hf ug{ / u/fpg,
$= k~rfª\usf] cfwf/e"t 1fg u/L sfdgfg';f/sf] jfSoof]hgf;lxt ;ª\sNk ug{ /
u/fpg,
%= /ª\ujNnL /rgf;lxt ?b|fleif]s ug{ / u/fpg,
^= j}lbs dGq ;lxt ?b|fleif]s z'4¿kn] ug{ / u/fpg,
&= ljhofbzdLsf cj;/df ul/g] b'uf{k"hf zf:qLo tyf :yfgLo ljlwsf] ;+of]hg
u/L ug{ / u/fpg,
*= ;Togf/fo0f k"hf, 57kj{, Cliftk{0fL, uf}/fkj{ tyf cGTosd{df ug]{ sfo{ ug{ /
u/fpg,
(= j}lbs ljlwk"j{s jif{el/sf ljz]if j|tk"hf ug{ / u/fpg .

sIff !) sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= s'zsl08sf;lxt clUg:yfkgf ug{ / u/fpg,
@= j}lbs ;+:sf/x¿sf cfwf/df nf}lss ljlwJojxf/;DaGwL sfo{x¿ ug{ /
u/fpg,
#= tk{0fljlw;lxt Psf]lbi6 >f4 ug{ / u/fpg,
$= iff]8zf]krf/ ljlw;lxt s[i0fhGdfi6dL j|tk"hf ug{ / u/fpg,
%= afn'jfsf] lzjlnª\u :yfkgf u/L xl/tflnsf j|tk"hf ug{ / u/fpg,
^= zf:qf]St ljlwcg'¿k j|tkf/fo0f, Clifk~rdL, nIdLk"hf, eft[k"hf, t'n;Lk"hf /
gjfGgk|fzg, kf}iffs{, :j:yfgLk"hf, ;/:jtLk"hf cflb j|tk"hfx¿ ug{ / u/fpg,
&= kf}/:To ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt;Da4 k|fof]lus ljifoj:t'cGtu{t kg]{ x:tlj|mofsf
ljljw k|lj|mofx¿ k|bz{g ug,{
*= zf:qLo ljlw / k|rlnt Jofjxfl/s ljlwsf] leGgtf 5'6\ofpg,
(= j|tk"hfdf iff]8zf]krf/sf j}lbs Pjd\ kf}/fl0fs dGqx¿sf] ;+of]hg ug{,
!)= k"hf cg'i7fgsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;f] sfo{;DkGg ug{ / u/fpg .
80
-ª_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff–(_
j|m=;+= ljifo kf7\oj:t' kf7\oj:t'sf] ljj/0f lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef k"0ff{ª\s
=
!= k|ft:t'lt -s_ u0f]z -s_ cfl≈g\s ;"qfjnLcg';f/ -s_ JofVofg -s_ ;DalGwt % #
-v_ ;"o{ -v_ k|Zgf]Q/ b]jb]jLsf] lrq
-u_ b]jL -u_ 5nkmn -v_ kf7\ok':ts
-3_ lzj -3_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ -u_ ;Gbe{ u|Gy
-ª_ lji0f' -ª_ If]q e|d0f
-r_ gju|x :t'lt -r_ k|bz{g
@ lgTosd{ -s_ x:tbz{g s–ª ;Dd cfl≈g\s ;"qfjnLc';f/ -s_ JofVofg -s_ :yfgLo @) !)
-v_ e"ld:kz{ -v_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;fdu|L
-u_ zf}r -r_ kf/:s/ u[≈od;"qcg';f/ -u_ cEof; -v_ lgoldt
-3_ :gfg -3_ 5nkmn lzIf0fdf
-ª_ -clUgsfo{_ -5_ cfl≈gs ;"qfjnLdf plNnlvt /flq;"St -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ k|of]u ul/g]
-r_ k~rdxfo1 / ;fdfGoljlw -r_ If]q e|d0f z}lIfs ;fdu|L
-5_ zogljlw -5_ k|bz{g -u_ lrq
-3_ kf7\ok':ts
81
-h_ ;GWofljlw -s_ cf;gz'l4 s_ JofVofg -s_ :yfgLo
-v_ eidwf/0f / kljqwf/0f -v_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;fdu|L
-u_ cEof; -v_ kf7\ok':ts
-u_ lzvfaGwg / cfrdg -u_ lgoldt
-3_ 5nkmn
-ª_ k|f0ffofd / dfh{g ¿kdf k|of]u
-ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{
-r_ c3dif{0f tyf ;"of£o{ / ;"of{]k:yfg -r_ If]q e|d0f ul/g] z}lIfs
-h_ ufoqLzfkljdf]rg ;fdu|L
-5_ k|bz{g
-em_ if8ª\uGof; -h_ ;:j/ k7g
-`_ ufoœofjfxg tyf pk:yfg
-7_ Wofg / d'b|fk|bz{g tyf hk
-8_ d'b|fk|bz{g / hk;dk{0f
-9_ lj;h{g
82
#= b]jk"hf -s_ :jl:tjfrg -s_ z'Snoh'j{]b @% -s_ u'?–d'v–k"j{s -s_ Zofdk6\6 @) !)
cWofosf] !$–@#, Bf}M zflGtM, otf]otM ;–:j/ -v_ lrq
-v_ sd{kfq lgdf{0f ;dLx;] . dGqf]Rrf/0f -u_ cfjZos
-v_ sd{kfqdf /flvg] pks/0fx¿sf] 1fg -v_ s07:yLs/0f ;fdu|L M
-u_ c£o{kfq lgdf{0f -u_ k|rlnt j}lbs ljlw, c£o{df j:t' k|of]u -u_ k|of]u
ug{] ci6fª\ugfd;lxt k"hg Pjd\ -3_ k|Zgf]Q/
d'b|fk|bz{gljlw .
-3_ k'0ofxjfrg
-3_ ;ª\sNkjfSo;lxt k'gGt'dfM, :jl:tgM,
;q:o Cl4M, Ho}i7o~r, oy]df+ Bf}M
-ª_ bLk–snz– zflGtM, dg;M, sfdd\M
u0f]z–k"hf -ª_ k~rkNnj, k~r/Tg, ;Ktd[lQsfsf]
kl/ro ;lxtsf] j}lbsljlwcg';f/ k"hg
-r_ kf~rfog k"hf -r_ cfl≈g\s;"qsf cfwf/df kf~rfog b]jtf
:yfkg u/]/ k"hfljlw
$= k~rfª\u1fg -s_ ltly, jf/, -s_ k~rfª\usf] cfwf/df ltly kj{sf] 1fg -s_ tflnsf -s_ zAbkQL % #
gIfq, of]u / -v_ k~rfª\u 1fg k|bz{g Pjd\ -v_ tflnsf
s/0fsf] 1fg . -u_ ;"o{ rGb|, a[x:klt cflb u|xx¿sf] lgdf{0f -u_ kfqf]
-v_ kIf, df;, Ct' /flz1fg -v_ JofVofg
;+jT;/ 1fg . -3_ rGb|dfsf] lbzf, lbSz"n / jf/z"n 1fg -u_ s07:yLs/0f
-u_ cog / u|x -ª_ æ;}sf ltlyÆ eGg] d'x"t{ lrGtfdl0fsf] -3_ k|Zgf]Q/
/flz1fg . cfwf/df / ltly~r låu'0fLs[Tosf] -ª_ k|of]uf
-3_ ofqf d'x"t{ . cfw/df clUgjf; / lzjjf; ˚nsf] -r_ k|bz{g
-ª_ clUgjf; / 1fg
lzjjf; ˚n
83
%= ;ª\sNk -s_ ;ª\sNkut -s_ sfdgfcg';f/sf] jfSoof]hgf -s_ s07:yLs/0f -s_ zAbkQL # #
jfSoljGof; -v_ jfSokQL
-u_ tflnsf
-3_ Zofdk6\6
-ª_ /ª\ujNnLsf]
lrq
-r_ k~rd'vL
lzjsf] lrq
^= /ª\ujNnL -s_ ?b|fleif]ssf] -s_ j}lbs ljlwsf] cfwf/df -s_ /ª\ujNnL -s_ ˚'6, sDkf;, % %
/rgf /ª\u–aNnL /rgfsf] rfdnsf] kL7f]
-v_ ;fdfGo k"hfsf] k|bz{g / / cla/ cflb
/ª\u–jNnL - cEof; :yfgLo
/]vL_ -v_ z'4 ;fdu|L
u'?d'vcg';f/
dGqf]Rrf/0f
-u_ l/St:yfg
k"/s tflnsf,
k|bz{g /
lgdf{0f cflb
&= ?b|fleif]s -s_ lzjsf] -s_ lzjsf] kf“r} d'vsf] Wofg;lxt j}lbs ;dGjo Pjd\ -s_ :yfgLo #% @)
k"jf{ª\uk"hf ljlwcg';f/ k"jf{ª\uk"hgljlwdf k|Zgf]Q/ z}lIfs ;fdu|L
ljlw k~rfd[t :gfgljlw / ;fdfGok"hf;lxt, x:tlj|mof
-v_ zt?b|L kf7 z'Snoh'j{]bsf] dfWolGbg zfvfcg';f/ cflb
-u_ lzjsf] k|rlnt j}lbsljlw c£o{lgj]bg,
pQ/fª\uk"hf blIf0ff;ª\sNk, lj;h{g cleif]s /
ljlw cfzLifdGq–kf7 -j}lbs_
84
*= b'uf{k"hf – 36:yfkgfljlw – :yfgLo @% @)
låtLoflbifi7Lko{Gt k"hgljlw, ;fdu|L
gjklqsfk|j]z, ci6dLk"hgj|md
/ sfn/fqL ljlw, gjdLs[To /
z:qf:qk"hfljlw, bzdLs[To
hof ljhof / ck/flhtfb]jL
k"hf, zfStk|df]bdf plNnlvt
b'uf{oGqlgdf{0f kl/ro
bzf]krf/sf] j|md1fg
(= ;Togf/fo0f ;Togf/fo0f k"hf – lbSkfn k"hf, /df;lxt – :yfgLo !) &
k"hf ;Togf/fogsf] k"hf ;fdu|L
!)= Cliftk{0fL -s_ o1f]kjLt lgdf{0fljlw – (^ k]m/f agfO{ dGq k7gk"js{ -s_ u'?d'vk"j{s z'4 :yfgLo ;fdu|L % %
-v_ >fj0fL:gfg g]kfndf k|rlntljlw ;:j/
-u_ o1f]kjLtfledGq0f dGqf]Rrf/0f
-v_ JofVofg
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-3_ :ynut k|of]u
-ª_ o1f]kjLt
lgdf{0f k|bz{g
!!= 57k"hf – 57k"hg – t/fO{df k|rlnt 57k"hfljlw -s_ u'?d'vk"j{s z'4 :yfgLo ;fdu|L @ @
;:j/
dGqf]Rrf/0f
-v_ JofVofg
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-3_ :ynut k|of]u
85
!@= uf}/fkj{ -s_ bLk, snz, u0f]zk"hg – uf}/L dx]Zj/ k"hgljlw / – ;Da4 k"hfsf] – bLk–snz– @ @
kLknsf] km]bdf uO{ ljlwk"j{s cjnf]sg ug]{ / u0f]z
lj;h{g . ;DalGwt JolSt k"hgdf
– jfo'u'?x¿n] sf“k]/ ul/g] eP ;DalGwt k|o'St ;a}
cfzLjf{b k|bfg . JolSt;“u} ;fdfu|L tyf
k/fdz{u/L uf}/L dx]Zj/
– eujfg\sf ;fd"lxs ehg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k"hgsf nflu
Pjd\ g[To atfpg] . iff]8zf]krf/
;fdu|Lx¿sf
;fy ;f}efUo
cnª\sf/
cflb
!#= cGTosd{ -s_ bzbfg – bzbfg / k~rw]g'bfgsf j:t' – :yfgLo !# !)
-v_ k~rw]g'bfg kl/ro / wd{zf:qsf ¿kdf
cfwf/df g]kfnL pknAw
-u_ bfx;+:sf/ / k/Dk/fcg';f/ ;fdu|L
bzufqljlw
– lrtf lk08bfg;lxt
-3_ k~ruJo lgdf{0fljlw l6Kk0fLdf k~rs–d/0fljlw
k|:6\ofpg]
hDdf !%) !))
86
-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff !)_
j|m=;+= ljifo kf7\oj:t' kf7\oj:t'sf] ljj/0f lzIf0fljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= clUg:yfkgf -s_ k~re";+:sf/ – kf/:s/ u[≈o;"q / g]kfnL -s_ s'zlgdf{0f k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 %% $)
-v_ :jl:tjfrg k/Dk/fdf k|rlnt ljlwsf Pjd\ cEof; -v_ lrq
-cfz'lzzfgf]M ;d]t_ cfwf/df -v_ dGqx¿ -u_ xjg–
-u_ /ª\jNnL /rgf u'?d'vk"j{s ;DalGwt
dGqx¿sf] ;:j/– ;du|Lx¿
-3_ cf7 lbzf / dWo]
pRrf/0f
efudf k"hg -3_ zAbkQL
-u_ /ª\ujNnL
-ª_ OGwgzf]wg / :yfkg -ª_ tflnsf
lrqk|bz{g Pjd\
-r_ clUg;+:sf/ / :yfkg cEof; -r_ b}Wo{–lj:tf/–
-5_ kfqf;fbg dfkg–
-3_ zf:qLo ljlw /
tflnsf
-h_ ;|'j;+:sf/ Jofjxfl/s ljlwdf
e]bk|bz{g -5_ :yfgLo
-´_ a|≈df, lji0f' /
-ª_ clego z}lIfs
k|hfklt–k"hg
;fdu|L cflb
-`_ clUgk|fy{gf / k"hg -r_ kfq–k|bz{g
-h_ ;'j0f{ k|ltdf
-6_ a|f≈d0fj/0f -5_ lrqåf/f
sf“;sf]
clUgkl/ro
-7_ bLksnz, u0f]z, srf}/f,
k"hfljlw ;ª\If]kdf -h_ sdf{g';f/ tfdfsf]
pNn]v ug{] . clUggfd tflnsf 3[tkfq cyjf
xjg dxŒj j0f{g dfgf] cflb
-8_ /IffaGwgk"hf
-em_ k|Zgf]Q/ cflb
-9_ xf]d ;ª\sNk
87
-0f_ jg:kToGtb]j xf]d
-t_ rt'M:jl:t–xf]d
-y_ k"0f{kfq
-b_ aln
-w_ o1fGt–uf]bfg
-g_ d]wf
-k_ 3[tR5fof
-km_ z]ifr?xf]d
-a_ e"o;L blIf0ff
-e_ cleif]s / k|;fbu|x0f
@= ;+:sf/x¿ -s_ ifli7sfk"hf -:sGbk"hf – kf/:sf/ -s_ tflnsfåf/f – :yfgLO tyf !% !)
;d]t_ u[≈o;"qsfcg';f/ sfnaf]w j|mdaf]w lgoldt
-v_ hftsd{ lj£g]z, hGdbf, tyf tflnsf z}lIfs ;fdu|L
ifi7Lb]jL lgdf{0f cflb
-u_ k~ruJo lgdf{0f / hLjlGtsfk"hfljlw
k|fzgljlw -v_ JofVofg
– lgdf{0f;lxt k|fzgljlw -u_ x:tlj|mof /
-3_ gfds/0f -;dGqs_ cEof;
-ª_ z08fds{ xf]d
– kf/:s/u[≈o;"q / -3_ k|Zgf]Q/
-r_ lgij|md0f k|rlnt ljlwsf
-5_ s0f{j]w cfwf/df
-h_ cGgk|fzg
88
#= Psf]lbi6 -s_ tk{0fljlw – sfo{ a|x\d pkjLlt, lgjLlt -s_ df]6s kljq Pjd\ -s_ Zofdk6\6 $) @%
>f4ljlw -v_ bLkk"hf / k|frLgfjfltsf] kl/ro a|fx\d0f / cf}“7L -v_ tflnsf
-u_ a|fx\d0f lgoGq0f – >f4sNksf cfwf/df to lgdf{0f Pjd\ cEof; -u_ lrq
-3_ kfbf£o{ ul/g] -v_ kf7of]hgf -3_ cfjZos
-ª_ sd{kfqlgdf{0f – z'Snoh'j]{b dfWolGbg -u_ xftaf6 tLy{1fg ;fdu|L vuf}tf],
-r_ k|lt1f;ª\sNk zfvfsf dGqx¿;lxt ljlw -3_ hg}sf] k|bz{gaf6 afn'jf,
1fg ;Jo, ck;Jo, lji0f'kfb'sf,
-5_ lbUaGw
dfnfsf/sf] af]w rf/s'g] 6k/L,
-h_ x:tf£o{
-ª_ tflnsfåf/f tk0f{j|md t'n;Lkq,
-em_ a|fx\d0fk"hg
af]w Pjd\ tflnsf kfgsf] kft,
-`_ ljs/bfg kljq, df]6s,
lgdf{0f
-6_ lk08j]bL lgdf{0f Pjd\ cf}“7L, a|fx\d0f,
-r_ tk{0f;ª\sNk -;a}sf]_
;+:sf/ -s'zsf]_ rfdn,
-5_ k|jrg -dxŒjaf]w_
-7_ lk08bfg s]/f, lk08
-h_ k"jf{k|/j|md
-8_ lk08k"hg ksfpg rfdn,
k|b{zsåf/f j|mdaf]w
-9_ sd{kfqfleif]s l;wf, @ efu
-em_ k|Zgf]Q/
-0f_ cfzLif k|fy{gf hg} # -tLg_
-`_ x:tlj|mof hf]/
-t_ ltnsbfg
-6_ k|of]u bz{g
-y_ kof]wf/f
-b_ zª\v rj|m k"hf
-w_ j;Gtflbk"hf -g_
blIf0ff
-k_ e"o;LblIf0ff
-km_ a|fx\d0f lj;h{g
89
-a_ bLkfR5fbg
-e_ k|fy{gf
-d_ sd{;dk{0f
-o_ cfzLif dGqkf7
k|;fbu|x0f
$= j|tk"hf -s_ s[i0fhGdfi6dL k"hfljlw – sd{kfq, lgdf{0f, -s_ k|Zgf]Q/ – k|ltdf, tfdfsf] $) @%
-s_ s[i0fhGdfi6dL cWo{:yfkg, -v_ 5nkmn yfnL s[i0fsf]
bLksnzu0f]zk"hf, -u_ cjnf]sg d"lt{
tfdfsf] yfnLdf s[i0fsf] -3_ x:tlj|mof k|bz{g
d"lt{ jf k|ltdf :yfkg
-ª_ k|jrg
Pjd\ k"hg cf/tL,
lj;h{g;lxt iff]8zf]krf/ -r_ k|Zgf]Q/
ljlw pNn]v ug]{ -5_ syfjfrg cflb
-v_ xl/tflnsf -v_ xl/tflnsf k"hfljlw – afn'jfsf] lzjlnª\u – zAbkQL,

pdfdx]Zj/ k"hf ef]lnkN6 jfSokQL lrq,
-rt'yL{_ pQ/fª\usfo{ - kfqf], afn'jf
k"hf, k"0f{kfq, blIf0ff lzjlnª\u,
lj;h{g_ cflb laNjkq k"0f{kfq
cflb
-u_ kf/fo0f -u_ kf/fo0fljlw – nf]kfd'b|f k"hf / cul:t – sf“;sf] k"mn,
k"hf tyf cWo{bfg;d]t uf]a/, t'n;Lkq,
zflnu|fd, wf]Psf]
hn, s]/f .
90
-3_ Clifk~rdL -3_ Clifk~rdL k"hfljlw – c¿GwtL;lxt ;Ktlif{sf] – blQpg #^), aQL
:yfkgf, k"hf / #^), kfgd;nf
Clifx¿sf] k|blIf0ffljlw #^) cflb ug]sf]
;fdfg
-ª_ nIdLk"hf -3_ nIdLk"hf ljlw – cnIdL ck;f/0f / – lald/f], wfg,
s'a]/;lxt nIdLk"hf esf/L, 9's6L,
k4lt 8fnf], k"hf
;fdu|L
-r_ eft[k"hf -r_ eft[k"hf ljlw – od/fh, od'gf / – t]n, b"af], s?jf,
ci6lr/~hLjLsf]k"hfljlw, ;Kt/ª\uL, 6Lsf,
efOnfO{ 6Lsf nufp“bf cf]v/ nf]x/f] cflb
ckgfOg] nf}lss ljlw
-5_ t'n;Lk"hf -5_ t'n;Lk"hf / gjfGgk|fzg – bfdf]b/;lxt, t'n;L – gjfGg -GjfuL_ sf
/ gjfGgk|fzg ljlw ljjfxk4lt, nflu bxL lrgL
gjfGgk|fzgs[To cflb
91
-h_ kf}iffs{ -h_ bLk–snz–u0f]z k"hg – cGok"hfsf] h:t} – k|Zgf]Q/ – :yfgLo tyf
k"hgljlw – cEof; lgoldt z}lIfs
– ;f}/dfgcg';f/ kf}if ;fdu|L cflb
– cjnf]sg
dlxgfsf k|To]s cfOtjf/
/ dWofx\gsfndf tfdfsf] – k|of]u cflb
:yfnLdf åfbzflbTosf]
oGq cyjf ci6bn agfO{
åfbzflbTosf]
iff]8zf]krf/k"hf
92
-em_ :j:yfgL -s_ bLk–snz–u0f]zk"hg – kf}ifz'Sn k"l0f{dfsf lbg – k|of]u – :yfgLo tyf
k"hf -v_ :j:yfgLb]jL k"hf b]lv j|tlng] JolStn] – k|Zgf]Q/ lgoldt z}lIfs
-u_ k"hf lj;h{g kljq eO{ ljlwk"j{s :yfg – k|bz{g ;fdu|L cflb
u/L, kljq 7fp“df
– 5nkmn cflb
afn'jfsf] lzjlnª\u jf
tfdfsf] yfnLdf ç sf/
n]vL :j:yfgL b]jLsf]
k"hg tb'k/fGt syf
>j0f cflb
– df3z'Sn k"l0f{dfsf lbg
:j:yfgLsf] k"hg u/L
cfjZos j:t'x¿ !)*
sf b/n] eujtLnfO{
ck{0f ug]{ / ljlwk"j{s
lj;h{g u/L /fte/L
ehgsLt{g u/L hfu|fd
a:g] cflb
93
-`_ ;/:jtLk"hf -s_ bLk–snz–u0f]z k"hg – cGo k"hfsf] h:t} k"hg – iff]8zf]krf/ ljlwn] – :yfgLo tyf
-v_ ;/:jtLk"hf ;fdu|L k"hf ug]{ lgoldt z}lIfs
– df3z'Sn k~rdLsf lbg – k|of]u ;fdu|L cflb
;/:jtLoGq agfO{ – cjnf]sg
;/:jtLsf] k"hf ug]{ – clego
– k':ts, snd, sfkL cflb – k|bz{g
cWoogsf ;fdu|Lx¿nfO{
ljlwk"j{s k"hf ug]{
-6_ lzj/fqL -6_ lzj/fqLk"hf ljlw – rf/} k|x/sf] k"hfljlw – j0f{g – :yfgLo tyf
– k|Zgf]Q/ lgoldt z}lIfs
– 5nkmn cflb ;fdu|L cflb
-7_ /fdgjdL -7_ /fdgjLk"hfljlw – /fdgjdLk"hf k4lt – j0f{g – :yfgLo tyf
– k|Zgf]Q/ lgoldt z}lIfs
-b_ hGdf]T;j -b_ hGdf]G;jk"hfljlw – ci6lr/~hLjLk"hfljlw – j0f{g – :yfgLo tyf
kf]6lnsf aGwgljlw – k|Zgf]Q/ lgoldt z}lIfs
-w_ k"l0f{dfj|t -s_ bLk–snz–u0f]z k"hg – cGok"hfsf] h:t} k"hg – cjnf]sg – :yfgLo tyf
-v_ rGb|dfk"hf ;fdu|L – k|of]u lgoldt z}lIfs
– k"l0f{dfsf] lbg – k|Zgf]Q/ ;fdu|L cflb
;foª\sfndf rGb|dfsf]
oGq agfO{ ljlwk"j{s k"hf
ug]{
94
-0f_ PsfbzL -s_ bLk–snz–u0f]z k"hg – jflif{sj|t/TgfjnLsf – JofVofg – :yfgLo tyf
j|tk|lti7f -v_ PsfbzLk"hfljlw cfwf/df syfjfrg – tflnsfåf/f k|bz{g lgoldt z}lIfs
-u_ PsfbzL j|tk|lti7fljlw u/fpg'kg]{ tyf jflif{s – k|Zgf]Q/ cflb ;fdu|L cflb
j|t/TgfjnL / cGo
:yfgLo ljlwcg';f/
ug'{kg]{
hDdf !%) !))
95
sd{sf08 ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ :yfgLo kl/j]z,
ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt cflbsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . lglb{i6
ljifoj:t'nfO{ Jofjxfl/s hLjg;u ;fd~h:o u/]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/
lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . o; sfo{df ;s];Dd :yfgLo z}lIfs
;fdu|L k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . ljifoj:t';u ;DalGwt u/fP/ :yfgLo :t/df cWoog e|d0f
jf k|ToIf cjnf]sg u/fpg ;s]df l;sfO lbuf], Jofjxfl/s Pjd\ k|efjsf/L x'G5 .
lzIf0fl;sfO sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[ltcg';f/ lgDgfg';f/sf
lzIf0f ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 M
-5_ vf]h ljlw -h_ kl/of]hgf ljlw -em_ ;d:of ;dfwfg
-`_ JofVofg ljlw
lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg lbg'kb{5 M
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s lzIf0fof]hgf, PsfOof]hgf / b}lgs kf7of]hgf agfP/ lzIf0fsf
nflu tof/ x'g'k5{ .
@= ef]lnkN6 k9fpg] kf7 cl3Nnf] lbg g} lzIfsn] zf:qLo ljlwcg';f/ tof/
ug'{k5{ .
#= ljBfyL{sf] :t/, pd]/, ?lr Pjd\ Ifdtf a'‰g' / tbg'¿k lj|mofsnfk
u/fpg'kb{5 .
$= ljifoj:t'df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfsif{0f ug{ ;/n / j|mda4 tl/sf ckgfpg'sf
;fy} pTk|]/0ff / sf}t"xn klg hufpg'kb{5 .
%= cWofkgdf a9LeGbf a9L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;+nUg u/fO{ lzIf0f ul/g'kb{5 .
^= of] ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt;“u ;Da4 ljifo ePsfn] o;df &% k|ltzt ;}4flGts /
@% k|ltzt k|fof]lus 1fg Pj+ x:tlj|mofsf ljlw k|lj|mofx¿ k|bz{g ul/g'kb{5 .
&= ljz]if lzIf0fsf cj:yfdf afx]s cGoq ;+:s[t efiffsf] dfWod ckgfpg'kb{5 .
*= o; kf7\oj|mdsf] p2]Zo ;gftg wd{ Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf ljljw kIf l;sfpg' ePsfn]
zf:qLo / k|rlnt ljlw l;sfpg / ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] pkfo lzIfsn] ckgfPsf]
x'g'kb{5 .
(= lrq, tflnsf, /ª\ujNnL, ;j{tf]eb| cflbsf] k|of]u l;sfpFbf ;'?df Zofdk6\6df
sf]/L ;fbf sfkLdf k'm6, sDkf;sf] dfWodn] ;}4flGts 1fg u/fO;s]kl5 dfq
lk7f] tyf /ªsf] k|of]u :ynut ¿kdf u/fpg'kb{5 .
!)= dxŒjaf]w u/fpFbf j}lbs -;|f]t_ sd{sf] kf7\oljlw;“u bfFhL j}lbs ljlw;Fu
klg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kl/ro u/fpg' / zf:qLo ljlw Pjd\ k|rlnt Jofjxfl/s
ljlwsf] leGgtf x'g] u/L l;sfpg' ckl/xfo{ 7fGg'kb{5 .
!!= k|l;4 rf8kj{ / ;+:sf/x¿ l;sfp“bf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;fd"lxs cjnf]sg e|d0f
Pjd\ k|Zgf]Q/sf] sfo{ to ul/g'kb{5 .
93
!@= sd{x¿df atfOPsf ;fdfgx¿ oyfzSo lzIfsn] ljBfnodf ;ª\u|x u/fO{
lzIf0fdf ;xhtf nfOPsf] x'g'kb{5 .
!#= sd{ ubf{ h'g ;fdfg rflxg] xf] ToxL“ z}lIfs ;fdUf|Lsf] k|of]u ul/“bf ;kmn
l;sfO x'g hfg] x'gfn] sIffsf]7fsf] aLr efudf -vfnL 7fp“df_ ;fdfg /fv]/
k|bz{g u/fpg'kb{5, h:t} M lk7f]sf] 7fp“df afn'jf k|of]u gu/L rfdns} lk7f]n]
sfd u/fpg'kb{5 .
!$= lzIfsn] x/]s 306Lx¿df gof“–gof“ ;fdu|L / k|of]usf] k|bz{g Pjd\
hfgsf/Laf6 ljz]if cfs{if0f lh1f;f a9fpg ;lsg] x'“bf a9LeGbf a9L
;fdfgx¿sf] k|bz{g ul/g' o; ljifosf] ljz]iftf x'g] 5 .
!%= kljq, cf}“7L, pkodg, df]6s, Clif -a|fx\d0f_, a|x\df cflbsf] lgdf{0f s'zsf]
Joj:yfaf6 sIffdf cfk}+“m agfpg ;Sg] u/L cEof; Pjd\ k|bz{gsf] Joj:yf
ug'{kb{5 .
!^= clws Jojxfl/s 1fg u/fpg / l;sfpg lzIfsn] sd{x¿sf] k|ToIf cg'ej,
cjnf]sg Pjd\ x:tlj|mofsf ljlwx¿df cfk"m :ki6 ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .
!&= ;Da4 ljifosf k|fdfl0fs k':tsx¿sf] ;Gbe{ atfP/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ clwseGbf
clws dfqfdf vf]h ug{ nufpg'kb{5 .
!*= kf7\ok':tsdf ePsf zAbx¿ / jfSox¿nfO{ Jofjxfl/s cy{ k|:6 kfg{
Jofs/0fsf lgod Pjd\ kfl/eflifs zAbrog u/L lzIf0f u/fpg'kb{5 .
!(= k|of]ufTds 1fgsf nflu ljBfyL{x¿s} ;xeflutf Pjd\ cfof]hgfdf -stf{ :Jfod\
ljBfyL{nfO{ agfO{_ q}dfl;s ¿kdf k"hf jf s'g} cg'i7fgsf nflu lzIfsn]
Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .
@)= ljBfnodf j]nfavt ;do ldnfP/ kfqx¿ tyf o1Lo j:t'x¿sf] k|bz{gL
u/fpg' jf k|bz{gL ePsf] 7fp“df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ n}hfg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .
@!= ;du| kf7\ok':tssf z}lIfs ljifoj:t'x¿ cWofkg u/fp“bf ljBfyL{sf]
l;h{gfTds, k|of]ufTds Pjd\ n]vgfTds ;fdYo{ a9fpg hf]8 lbO{ tbg'¿k
lj|mofsnfksf] k|of]u Pjd\ k|bz{g x'g'kb{5 .
@@= kf7\ok':tssf ljifonfO{ ;d]6]/ xflh/Lhjfkmsf] cfof]hgf sIffut ¿kdf
ul/g'kb{5 .
– s}of}“ cleJolStn] a'emfpg g;s]sf] s'/f Pp6f lrqn] ;xh} :ki6 kfg{ ;Sg]
ePsf]n] k"hfut lzIf0fdf ;DalGwt b]jtfsf] lrq k|bz{g / tQb\b]jtfsf]
Wofg, k|efj / d"lt{ sNkgfsf ;DaGwdf oyf;Dej efjaf]wg u/fpg'kb{5 .
– ;ª\sNk jfSoof]hgf l;sfp“bf, ToxL lbgsf] ltly, jf/, gIfq, Ct', cog,
;+jT;/, ;"o{ rGb| a[x:kltsf] /flz hf]8]/ s'g} Ps sfdgf ljz]ifsf] k"hfsf]
jfSoof]hgf ug{ nufpg'kb{5 .
– j|tk"hf l;sfp“bf k"hfsf] ltly af]w u/fO{ iff]8zf]krf/, bzf]krf/,
k~rf]krf/sf] j}lbs Pjd\ kf}/fl0fs dGq ;+of]hg l;sfpg' pko'St x'G5 .
– j|taGw, >f4, cGTok4lt, ;+:sf/x¿, ljjfx k4lth:tf lj:t[t ljlwx¿
l;sfp“bf j|mdaf]w tflnsfsf] k|bz{g Pjd\ tflnsf lgdf{0f ug{ nufO{
j|mdaf]w u/fpg' p2]Zo kl/k"lt{sf nflu s'zn lzIf0f x'G5 .
94
@#= lzIf0f ljlw / lj|mofsnfk oltdfq geP/ c? klg x'g ;S5g\ . s'zn lzIfsn]
;do;fk]If, cfjZostf / kl/l:yltcg';f/ ljljw lzIf0f ljlw / lj|mofsnfk
u/fpg ;Sg] 5g\ . oxf“ pNn]v u/]sf ljlwx¿ s]xL b[i6fGt dfq x'g\ .
;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . sd{sf08 ljifodf
;dfGotof lgdf{0ffTds tyf lg0f{ofTds u/L d"Nofª\sgsf b'O{ k4lt cjnDag
ug'{kb{5 .
ljBfyL{n] s] slt l;s] eGg] s'/f kQf nufO{ gl;s]sf] eP gl;Sg'sf] sf/ cGj]if0f u/L
k'gM l;sfOG5 . o:tf] d"Nofª\sg sIffsf]7fdf lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfks} j|mddf
sIffsfo{, wfld{s cg'i7fgflb sfo{, u[xsfo{, sIff ;xeflutf, Jofjxfl/s kl/jt{g,
xflh/Lsf cfwf/df u/]/ clen]v /fVg'kb{5 . ;fy} o; j|mddf cfjZostfg';f/
ljBfyL{nfO{ t'?Gt k[i7kf]if0f lbg'kb{5 / ljBfyL{df ;'wf/sf] jftfj/0f tof/
ul/lbg'kb{5 . lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg ubf{ lzIfsn] lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg
lbg'kb{5 M
!= d"Nofª\sgn] d'VotM k"hf tyf ;+:sf/sf] ;}4flGts Pjd\ k|of]ufTds glthf
b]vfpg'kb{5 .
@= sd{sf08, wd{ / ;+:s[lt;“u ;DalGwt ljifo ePsfn] o;n] d'VotM
;}4flGts -dGqf]RRff/0f / k|of]ufTds_ k|bz{gdf hf]8 lbg'kb{5 .
#= o;n] kfqf]df lgwf{l/t ljljw kIfsf af/]df 1fg, d'x"t{ 1fg / k|of]usf ljlw
kIfx¿df dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vfsf tl/sf ckgfpg'kb{5 .
$= o;n] ;}4flGts ¿kdf pQ/s'l~hsf klg agfPsf] x'g'k5{ eg] k|of]ufTds ¿kdf
sfo{ :yndf k|ToIf sfd u/fpg ;Sg] agfpg'kb{5 . cyf{t\ ljBfyL{ sfo{If]qdf
;f]e}m ;+nUg x'g ;Sg] u/fpg'kb{5 .
%= ;}4flGts lzIf0fsf ;fy;fy} k|of]ufTds kIfsf] d"Nofª\sg eO/xg'kb{5 .
^= lzIfs jf ljBfnon] cfof]hgf ug]{ cjnf]sn e|d0fkZrft\ k|Zgf]Q/sf dfWodn]
d"Nofª\sg x'g'kb{5 .
&= ;+:s[tefiffnfO{ clwseGbf clws ¿kdf k|of]udf NofO/xg'kb{5 .
*= dGqf]Rrf/0fsf nflu ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|ToIf dGqf]Rrf/0f ug{ nufP/ dfkg tyf
n]vfhf]vf ug'{kb{5 .
kf7\oj|mdn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf p2]Zocg'¿k ljBfyL{n] 1fg, ;Lk tyf clej[lQ k|fKt u/]sf]
jf gu/]sf] d"Nofª\sg u/L To;sf] cfwf/df pQL0f{ tyf cg'QL0f{ ug]{ lg0f{o lnOG5
eg] To:tf] d"Nofª\sgnfO{ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg elgG5 . o:tf] d"Nofª\sg cfjlws
¿kdf ug]{ ul/G5 . o; ljifodf z}lIfs ;qsf] cGTodf o:tf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ ul/G5 .
lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg ubf{ lzIfsn] lgDgfg';f/sf kIfdf Wofg lbg'kb{5 M
!= sd{sf08df ;}4flGts kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf ckgfpg ;lsg]5 M
95
-s_ ax'j}slNks k|Zg ;f]w]/ .
-v_ 7Ls a]7Ls 5'6\ofpg nufP/ .
-u_ xflh/hjfkm u/fP/ .
-3_ sl7g zAbx¿sf] cy{ ;f]w]/ .
-ª_ af]wsf] cfwf/df k|Zgf]Q/ u/fP/ .
-r_ ljj/0ffTds k|Zg u/]/ .
-5_ kfqx¿ jf ;fdfgx¿ k|bz{g u/L :j¿k -nIf0f_] ;DaGwL k|Zg u/]/ .
-h_ ;:j/ / df}gk7g u/fP/ .
-em_ sIffut k/LIffsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ .
@= k|of]ufTds kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf ckgfpg ;lsg]5 M
-s_ s'zlgdf{0f, /ª\ujNnL cflb sIffsf]7fdf ug{ nufP/ .
-v_ k"hfsf] -cg'i7fgsf]_ cfof]hgf u/L ljBfyL{nfO{ jfrg / x:tlj|mof ug{
nufP/ .
-u_ dGqf]Rrf/0f, Znf]sf]Rrf/0f cflbsf] cEof; u/fP/ .
-3_ tflnsf, dGq tyf lrqx¿ n]Vg / lgdf{0f ug{ nufP/ .
P]lR5s sd{sf08 ljifosf] k|To]s k/LIffdf &% k|ltzt lnlvt / @% k|ltzt df}lvs -
k|of]ufTds_ k/LIffsf] Joj:yf x'g] 5 . h;cg';f/ P;Pn;L tyf jflif{s k/LIffdf &%
k"0ff{ª\ssf] ;}4flGts k/LIff lnlvt x'g] 5 . @% k"0ff{ª\ssf] df}lvs -k|of]ufTds_ k/LIff
;DalGwt ljBfnon] lgodfg';f/ u/L To;sf] cª\s ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg'kg]{ 5
.
96
P]lR5s gLltzf:q
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfno tyf j]bljBf>dsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu P]lR5s ljifosf
¿kdf gLltzf:qsf] dfWodaf6 hLjgf]kof]uL gLltut s'/f tyf cfr/0fut, 1fg, ;Lk
/ cjwf/0ffsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg' cfjZos x'G5 . xfd|f] b}lgs Jojxf/nfO{ ;+:s[t
jfª\dosf gLlt kB, ;"qa4 ;Gb]z, ljlzi6 lsl;dsf syg, dfld{s rl/q, lxtsf/L
pkb]z cflbn] k|z:t} k|efj kf/]sf] kfOG5 . ;+:s[t jfª\dosf] zf:q / ;flxTo b'j}
kIfdf gLltut ljifoj:t'sf] afx'No 5 . ;+:s[t ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ l;sfpg
vf]lhPsf] gLltzf:q k4ltut gLltzf:q geP/ cfr/0fut gLltzf:q xf] . cª\u|]hL
lzIffk|0ffnLsf] Moral Science sf] ljsl;t / Jofks ljifosf ¿kdf g} ;+:s[t
ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu gLltzf:q ljifosf] of] kf7\oj|md tof/ u/L k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
;+:s[t lzIffsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu tof/ ul/g] gLltzf:qsf] ;|f]t eg]sf] j]b, j]bfª\u,
k'/f0f, pkk'/f0f, dxfef/t, :d[lt tyf ;+:s[t ;flxTosf uBkB /rgfx¿ g} x'g\ .
logsf ;fy} ;+:s[t lzIffsf kf7\ok':tssf ¿kdf lgs} nfdf] ;dob]lv k|of]u ul/“b}
cfPsf lxtf]kb]z tyf k~rtGqsf syfx¿nfO{ klg lng ;lsG5 . o; lsl;dsf
u|Gyx¿af6 dxŒjk"0f{ c+z p4t u/L tof/ ul/Psf] gLltzf:qsf ljifoj:t' ;j{sflns
/ ;j{b]zLo x'g] 5g\ . oL b]jjf0fLx¿n] k"jL{o tyf kfZrfTo hut\df :j:y ;dfhsf]
lgdf{0f ug{df ;xof]u ug]{ ePsfn] gLltzf:qsf ¿kdf o; lsl;dsf] ljifo ljsf;
u/L ;+:s[tsf sIff ( / !) sf ljBfyL{df nfu" ug{ k|of; ePsf] 5 .
o; gLltzf:qsf] cWoogaf6 ;+:s[tsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;+:s[t jfª\do tyf ;+:s[t
efiffdf klg yk hfgsf/L xfl;n ug{ ljz]if ¿kdf d2t ldNg ;S5 eGg] ljZjf;
lnOPsf] 5 .
o; kf7\oj|mdn] d'Vo ¿kdf lgDg kIfsf] kl/ro lbg] 5 M
– dfgjLo bfloTjaf]w,
– dof{bf / cg'zf;gsf] cg';/0f,
– ;Dos\ 1fg, ;b\efj, ;Rrl/q jf c;n cfr/0f cflb pbfQ kIfsf] ljsf;,
– cfWoflTds tyf wfld{s efjgfsf] ljsf;,
– ;fdflhs ;dfof]hg tyf ;+j]ufTds ljsf; .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

dfWolds txsf] cWoogkl5 ljBfyL{x¿df lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= g}lts d"No / dfGotfsf] kl/ro lbg,
@= dof{lbt, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s kIfsf af/]df k|sfz kfg{,
97
#= af}l4s tyf ;+j]ufTds ljsf;sf] k|bz{g ug{,
$= j}lbs, kf}/fl0fs tyf ;flxlTos /rgfsf ;DaGwdf ;fdfGo 9ª\un] cfÇgf ljrf/
k|:t't ug{,
%= c;n cfr/0fx¿sf] ljsf; ug{,
^= c;To, b'/frf/, b'u'{0f / b'Jo{jxf/h:tf v/fa cfr/0faf6 aRg,
&= cfb]zfTds syg, ;"lStjrg, gLlt kB cflbsf] cWoog u/L Jojxf/df
¿kdfGt/0f ug{,
*= gLltzf:q lnO{ pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{sf nflu cfwf/ tof/ ug{,
sIff ( sf] cWoog k"/f ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB ult, olt / no ldnfO{ z'4 pRrf/0f ug{,
@= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf] cy{ atfpg, efj lj:tf/ ug{ / ;f/f+z n]Vg,
#= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB ;flxlTos k|of]hgn] klg k9\g,
$= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf cfwf/df k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn, ts{ljts{ / JofVof tyf
j0f{g ug{,
%= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB k9L Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf k|of]u ug{,
^= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf ;–;fgf c+zx¿sf] g]kfnLdf cg'jfb atfO{ ;Eo
;fdflhs cfr/0fsf] ljsf; ug{,
&= pbfQ rl/q jf k|;ª\usf] cfwf/df c;n cfr/0fsf] ljsf; ug]{ afgL a;fNg,
*= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBdf cfwfl/t kbfjnL, ;"lSt, p4/0f, uBf+z, kBf+z Pjd\
uBkBsf] ;d]t efj :ki6 kfg{,
(= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBdf pNn]v ul/Psf p4[t rl/qx¿sf] lrq0f ug{,
!)= j}lbs, kf}/fl0fs tyf nf}lss ;"lStx¿, lxtd"ns pkb]z, ;To ;Gb]z dfld{s
syg / pbfQ rl/qnfO{ k|;ª\ucg';f/ k|of]u ug{,
!!= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf cfwf/df lnlvt ¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/ ug{, h:t} M
lj:t[tLs/0f, ;ª\If]kLs/0f, efjfy{ n]vg, tfTko{ n]vg cflb n]vg;DaGwL
lj|mofsnfknfO{ ckgfpg .

sIff !) sf] cWoog k"/f ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB ult, olt / no ldnfO{ jfrg ug{,
@= gLlt syf / gLlt kBsf] efj a'emL ;f]sf] dxŒj atfpg,
98
#= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf cfwf/df g}lts d"No / dfGotfsf] kl/ro lbg,
$= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB ;flxlTos k|of]hgn] k9\g / ;f]sf af/]df cfgf ljrf/
k|:t't ug{,
%= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf cfwf/df k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn, ts{ljts{ / JofVof tyf
j0f{g ug{,
^= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkB k9L Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf k|of]u ug{,
&= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf ;–;fgf c+zx¿ g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ug{ / ltgsf
cfwf/df c;To, b'/frf/, b'u'{0f, b'Jo{jxf/h:tf v/fa cfr/0fsf] j0f{g ug{,
*= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBdf cfwfl/t kbfjnL, ;"lSt, p4/0f, uBf+z, kBf+z Pjd\
uBkBsf] ;d]t efj :ki6 kfg{,
(= j}lbs, kf}/fl0fs tyf nf}lss ;"lStx¿, lxtd"ns pkb]z, ;To ;Gb]z dfld{s
syg / pbfQ rl/qnfO{ k|;ª\ucg';f/ k|of]u ug{,
!)= gLltzf:q ljifos uBkBsf cfwf/df ;Rrl/qtf, dof{bf, cg'zfgsf] dxŒj Pjd\
:j¿k a'emL Jofjxfl/s If]qdf ltgsf] kfngf ug{ .
!!= dof{lbt Pjd\ cfbz{ ;dfhsf ljljw kIfaf/] k|sfz kfg{,
!@= b]z, ;dfh / /fi6«sf ;fd' pbfx/0fLo hLjgz}nL k|bz{g ug{,
!#= gLltzf:q lnO{ pRr lzIffdf cWoog ug{sf nflu cfwf/ tof/ ug{ .
99
j|m=;+= ljwf pkljwf ;ª\Vof kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0fljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= uB -c_ syf !@ -s_ gLlt syfx¿ JofVofg, zAbfy{ 1fg, rs, 8:6/, lrq, $) #)
-!)_ k|Zgf]Q/, 5n˚n, zAbkQL, cGo ;fdu|L
syfsyg cflb
-v_ cfbz{ ;Tk]|/0ffbfoL !% !)
syf -@_
-cf_ ;+jfb @ ;t\ lzIffk|bfos JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, lrq, !% !)
kf}/fl0fs ;+jfb 5n˚n cflb zAbkQL], cGo ;fdu|L
-O_ hLjgL ! /fli6«o Voflt k|fKt k|Zgf]Q/, 5n˚n, rs, 8:6/, lrq, !) %
JolStsf] hLjgL syfsyg, k|jrg cflb zAbkQLsf], cGo
;fdu|L
@= kB ;fdfGo– %) Znf]s g}ltstf cfbz{, k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, rs, 8:6/, Zofk6\6, #) @)
gLltkB cg'zf;g cfWoflTds, 5nkmn, cjnf]sg, zAbkQL, lrq / cGo
ljBf k|z+;f, /fi6« uf}/j cEof; cflb pkof]uL ;fdu|L
;DaGwL If]qsf ;fdfGo
gLltdf cfwfl/t
lzIffk|b kBx¿
#= kB cfrf/kB $) Znf]s ;bfrf/k|bz{s k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, rs, 8:6/, @% !%
pkb]zk|b kBx¿ 5nkmn, cjnf]sg, Zofdk6\6, zAbkQL,
cEof; cflb lrq / cGo ;fdu|L
100
$= kB rl/qj0f{g #) Znf]s dxfk'?ifsf] rl/qufyf k|Zgf]Q/, JofVofg, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
lrq0f ePsf ;/n 5nkmn, cjnf]sg, Zofdk6\6, zAbkQL,
kBx¿ cEof; cflb lrq / cGo ;fdu|L
hDdf !%) !))
b|i6Jo M
lgDgfg';f/sf u|Gyx¿af6 ;fGble{s uBkB 5gf]6 ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
 lxtf]kb]zaf6, ;DalGwt gLlt kB ;lxt .
 rf0fSogLlt, lxtf]kb]z, k~rtGq / cGo u|Gyaf6 .
 dg':d[ltaf6 .
 /fdfo0f, dxfef/t jf cGo sfJo u|Gyaf6 .
j|m=;+= ljwf pkljwf ;ª\Vof kf7\oj:t'sf] If]q lzIf0f ljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= uB gLlt syf ^ gLlt syf JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, %% $)

5n˚n cflb zAbkQL, cGo
pkof]uL ;fdu|L
101
@= uB ;+jfb @ j]b, pklgifb, /fdfo0f, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, lrq, !% !)
5n˚n cflb zAbkQL, cGo ;fdu|L
dxfef/tdf cfwfl/t
gLlt / cWofTds
k/s ;+jfb
# uB hLjgL ! cGt//fli6«o Voflt JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, lrq, !) %

5n˚n cflb zAbkQL
k|fKt JolStsf] hLjgL
$= kB ;fdfGo gLlt $) kB ;fdfGo gLlt, wd{, JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, zAbkQL, #) @)
dof{bf, ;Rrl/qtf,
kB g}ltstf, cfbz{, 5n˚n cflb cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
cg'zf;g, ljBf
k|z+;f, k'?iffy{, /fi6«
uf}/j, lzi6frf/ /
;fdflhs ;b\efj
af]ws kBx¿
%= kB cfrf/ kB #% kB ;bfrf/ k|:t't ug{] JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, zAbkQL, @% !%
kBx¿ 5n˚n cflb cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
^= kB kBfTds #) ;"lSt gLlt, ;fdflhs JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
;"lSt st{Jo, dof{bf / 5n˚n cflb Zofdk6\6, zAbkQL,
/fli6«otf k|ltkfbs cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
;"lQmx¿
hDdf !%) !))
102
b|i6Jo M
lgDgfg';f/sf u|Gyx¿af6 ;fGble{s uBkB 5gf]6 ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
 ;DalGwt Znf]s;lxt lxtf]kb]z / k~rtGqaf6 $÷$ syfx¿
 k~rGq, lxtf]kb]z, rf0fSo gLlt cflb gLlt u|Gyaf6 .
 of1jNSo :d[ltaf6 .
 j}lbs ;flxTo jf cGo k|l;4 sfJoaf6 ;ª\sng ug{] .
103
gLltzf:q ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt /
:yfgLo kl/j]zsf cfwf/df ljleGg ljlwx¿ k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . pbfQ rl/q, hLjgL /
k|;ª\usf ;}4flGts kIfnfO{ ;s];Dd ljBfyL{sf] Jofjxfl/s hLjg;“u ;fdh~h:o u/]/
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO k|lj|mof ;~rfng ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 .
o;y{ o; ljifosf nflu k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn, k|jrg, efiff ;+;u{, cGj]if0f, vf]h
cg';Gwfgh:tf k|rlnt ljlwx¿ k|of]u ug'{ pko'St x'G5 . o;y{ Jofs/0f lzIf0f ubf{
plNnlvt ljlwsf ;fy} lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df Wofg lbg' pko'St x'G5 M
 sIff k|f/De ug'{cl3 lzIfsn] jflif{s / b}lgs kf7of]hgf tof/ u/L lzIf0f sfo{sf]
tof/L ug'{kb{5 .
 sIffdf lgoldt¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/, ljdz{ / n]vgfEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
 kf7sf] ljifo k|s[ltcg';f/ ;:j/ cyjf df}gjfrg u/fpg] / ;+:s[tdfWodaf6
pQ/ lbg] cEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
 syfsf] lzIf0f ubf{ k|:tfjgfåf/f k"j{ kl/ro lbP/ p2]Zo ljifosf] 1fg u/fPkl5
cfbz{jfrg u/L 5fqx¿åf/f cg'jfrg u/fO{ u[xsfo{ lbg'kb{5 .
 lzIf0f ubf{ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;Sbf] ;xefuL u/fpg'k5{ . cyf{t\ Znf]s jf uBsf]
cfbz{jfrg lzIfsn] u/]kl5 ljBfyL{nfO{ To:t} jfrg ug{ nufpg'kb{5 / uNtL
u/]sf] 7fp“df z'4 ug{ ;xof]u ug{'kb{5 .
 k|Zgx¿ ;/n ;f]Wg'k5{ . l;sfO ;/naf6 hl6nlt/ cled'v x'g] ePsfn] j|mdzM
ljBfyL{sf] k"j{1fgsf] cfwf/df dfq nfdf k|Zgf]Q/ u/fpg'k5{ .
 ljlzi6 Znf]ssf] cy{ elglbg'k5{ / eGg nufpg'k5{ .
nflu ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tM cfwf/ agfpg'kg]{
x'G5 . cfGtl/s k/LIffaf6 klg d"Nofª\sg ug]{, afx\o k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'gnfO{ ;f] cª\s
u0fgf gug]{, k9fO / n]vfO ;Lksf] d"Nofª\sg n]vfOåf/f jflif{s k/LIffaf6 ug]{ u/L
Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{ 5 . sIff !) sf] kf7\oj|md / kf7\ok':tssf cfwf/df P;Pn;L
k/LIff x'g] 5 . o; ljifosf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df Wofg lbg'kg]{ 5 M
– kf7 jf PsfOsf] k7gkf7gkl5 ljBfyL{sf] k|ult yfxf kfpg d"Nofª\sg ug'{k5{ .
– o;df 1fg, ;Lk / wf/0ffsf] dfkg ug'{kb{5 .
– d"Nofª\sgn] kl/0ffdsf] ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL k7gkf7g cl3 a9fpg'k5{ .
– d"Nofª\sg ubf{ ljifo;“u ;DalGwt ljljw kIfsf] dfkg ug'{k5{ .
103
– k|Zglgdf{0f ubf{ ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf agfO{ tflnsfsf] pkof]u ug'{k5{ .
– k|Zgx¿ lgaGwfTds, JofVofTds, ;ª\lIfKt pQ/fTds, af]wfTds, Jo'TklQk/s,
l6Kk0fLd"ns cGjon]vg, kfbk"/0f, kof{on]vg, ;df; tyf lju|xk|bz{g cflb
ljljw k|sf/sf x'g;S5g\ .
– lnlvt tyf df}lvs cflb ljleGg dfWodn] d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
– d"Nofª\sg ubf{ eflifs z'4tf, ljifoj:t' / k|ltkfbg z}nLnfO{ ljz]if Wofg
lbg'kb{5 .
– ljBfyL{sf] lg/Gt/ d"Nofª\sg u/L ;f]sf] /]s8{ /fVg'kb{5 .
– jflif{s k/LIffsf] k|of]hgsf nflu gLltzf:qsf] ;fKtflxs kf7\oef/ %k"0ff{ª\s !))
/ pQL0ff{ª\s #@ sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
– d"Nofª\sgdf k|Zgsf k|sf/x¿ lgDgfg';f/ x'g ;Sg] 5g\ M
-s_ ljlzi6 kBf+z jf ;"lStsf] JofVof .
-v_ ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ .
-u_ Znf]s jf kfbk"/0f .
-3_ cGjon]vg .
-ª_ kof{on]vg .
-r_ ljlzi6 kBf+z jf uBf+zsf] g]kfnL / ;+:s[tdf efjfy{n]vg cg'jfb .
-5_ kf7\ok':ts jf To:t} cGo ;/n uBaf6 jf kl7t Znf]sx¿af6 af]w k|Zgsf]
pQ/n]vg .
-h_ zAbx¿sf] jfSodf k|of]u .
-´_ ;lGw tyf lju|xn]vg .
-`_ rl/qj0f{g
104
P]lR5s sd{sf08
-j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno_
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j}lbs ;gftg hLjg k4ltdf ;Rrf g}li7sjfg\, ;+:sf/o'St / rl/qjfg\ eO{ hLjg
hLpgsf nflu xfd|f Clif dxlif{x¿åf/f ljleGg k|sf/af6 ;fwgf, pkf;gf, Tofu,
tk:of, cGj]if0f, uj]if0f u/]sf] kfOG5 . cgflbb]lv rlncfPsf cfˆgf ;f+:s[lts kj{
/Lltl/jfh / b}lgs lbgrof{nfO{ Jojl:yt u/fpgsf nflu k|To]s ;d'bfosf cf–cfˆg}
;+:sf/ /x]sf x'G5g\ . To;}n] elgPsf] klg 5 M
Pt2]zk|;"t:o ;sfzfbu|hGdgM .
:j+ :j+ rl/q+ lzIf]/g\ k[lyJof+ ;j{ dfgjfM ..– dg':d[lt
cfˆgf k"j{hx¿n] b]vfPsf] ;+:sf/¿kL dfu{df lx“8\g ;Sg' g} xfd|f nflu >]o:s/ 5 .
o;/L ;[li6 j|md;“u} dfgjn] cfk"mnfO{ ;xL dfu{df Nofpgsf nflu lgod, cg'zf;g,
;bfrf/, cfxf/ljxf/ h:tf ljifodf Wofg lbg h?/L 5 . xfd|f >'lt–:d[lt, k'/f0fflbn]
o;} ljifonfO{ lgb]{lzt u/]sf 5g\ . æcfrf/xLgfM gk'glGt j]bfMÆ h:tf >'ltjfSon]
cfrf/xLg dflg;n] j]bflb u|Gy cWoog u/] tfklg tbg'¿k cg';/0f / To;af6
k|ltkflbt ljifoj:t'nfO{ hLjgdf ptfg{ ;Sb}gg\ . ctM g}li7sdfu{ cjnDag ug{sf
nflu xfdLn] xfd|f] hLJfg¿kL sd{sf08sf] ;+:sf/nfO{ hf]ufpgsf nflu sd{sf08sf]
1fg / tbg'¿k sd{ ug'{ klg cfjZos 5 .
g]kfn ljleGg wd{, ;+:s[lt, /Lltl/jfh / df}lns klxrfgsf] ;femf k"mnaf/L xf] . oxf“
j}lbs ;gftg wd{sf ;fy} c¿ wd{ ;Dk|bfox¿ klg k/:k/ ldn]/ /x]sf 5g\ .
k/:k/df ;xof]u, ;dembf/L / ljZjf;n] ;a}df /fli6«o Pstf / cv08tfsf] ;+/If0f
ePsf] 5 . oxf“ lxGb', af}4, h}g, lzv, z}j, j}i0fj, zfSt cflb ;a}n] hGdb]lv
d[To';Ddsf ;+:sf/ sd{ ub{5g\ t/ cfhef]ln j}lbs ;gftg wd{ hu]gf{sf nflu
;+:s[t lzIffsf] k7gkf7g cfjZos dfqfdf gx'gfn] ;+:s[t Jofs/0fcg';f/ ljelSt
ldnfO{ z'4;“u sd{sf08 ug]{ u/fpg] dflg; b'n{e g} eO;s]sf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{
cfˆgf] ;+:s[lt, wd{, /xg;xg;d]t nf]k eO{ xfd|f] klxrfg / cl:dtf g} x/fp“b} hfg]
l:ylt b]vf kg{ nfu]sfn] sd{sf08 ljifo ljBfno txdf lzIf0f ug'{k/]sf] xf] .
;+;f/sf sltko ;d'Ggt / ;DkGg /fi6« ;+:s[ltljxLg x“'bf nHhfsf] cg'ej ug'{k/]sf]
5 . xfd|f gfds/0fflb ;+:sf/, rf8kj{ / hfqfx¿ xfd|f klxrfg x'g\ . ltgLx¿nfO{
hf]ufpg' eg]sf] cfTdf, ;+:s[lt / cfˆgf] cl:tTjnfO{ hf]ufpg' xf] . xfd|f] b]zsf] of]
cl:tTj / klxrfg xfd|f ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltsf cfwf/df dfq} af“Rg ;S5g\ .
sd{sf08nfO{ hf]ufpg / xfd|f] ;dfhdf ;Ddflgt /fVg To;sf] k7gkf7g, k|lzIf0f /
k|f]T;fxg;d]t x'g' cToGt cfjZos 5 .
105
sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{o / lj=;+= @)^# df
nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf;“u} kf7\oj|mddf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePcg'¿k P]lR5s
sd{sf08 ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 . o; kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g
ubf{ lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 M
– k|of]ufTds k/LIffsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
P]lR5s sd{sf08 ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5
5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt ljifodf ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= lgwf{l/t j}lbs ;+:sf/x¿sf] dxŒj a'emL tL ;+:sf/x¿ ug{ / u/fpg,
@= tk{0f;lxt Psf]l2i6 / kfj{0f >f4ljlw z'4 pRrf/0fsf ;fy ug{ / u/fpg,
#= ljjfx k4lt a'emL z'4;“u ug{ / u/fpg,
$= zf:qLo ljlwcg';f/ k|l;4 b]jb]jLsf] k"hf ug{ / u/fpg,
%= k|l;4 j|tsf] pBfkg tyf rt'/zLlt k"hf k4lt -;x;|rGb|bz{g,
;x;|rGb|gfdfjnL_ ljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
^= sd{sf08Lo nUgd'x"t{sf af/]df Hof]ltifzf:qn] lgwf{/0f u/]adf]lhd atfpg,
&= b}lgs hLjg k4ltdf cfjZos kg]{ ;gftg wd{;Da4 ;fOtx¿af/] lg0f{o ug{,
*= cGTok4ltcg';f/ Psfbzfx / åfbzfx ljlw a'emL ug{ / u/fpg,
(= lgTo, g}ldlQs, sfDosd{ ug{ / u/fpg ;Sg] ;Lk k|fKt ug{,
!)= sd{sf08sf dfWodn] kf}/f]lxTosd{ ug{ / u/fpg .
-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff (_

o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s sd{sf08 ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
lgDglnlvt ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= Cliftk{0fL ljlwcg';f/ k"hfljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
@= o1;DaGwL d08k lgdf{0f ug{ / u/fpg,
#= dft[sf k"hf Pjd\ cfEo'blos >f4 ug{ / u/fpg,
106
$= r"8f, pkgog, j]bf/De, ;dfjt{g ;+:sf/sf] j}lbs ljlw a'emL ug{ / u/fpg,
%= j|taGw, rt'/zLlt k"hf, j|tf]Bfkg Pjd\ cGgk|fzgsf ;fOt atfpg,
^= j|taGw nUg klqsf lgdf{0f ug{ / u/fpg,
&= >f4sNksf cfwf/df >f4sfn Pjd\ ljz]iftfx¿ atfpg,
*= tk{0f;lxt Psf]l2i6 >f4 z'4;“u a'emL ug{ / u/fpg,
(= bLk, snz, u0f]zk"hf ug{ / u/fpg,
!)= nIdL k"hfljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
!!= k|l;4 j|tf]Bfkg ljlwx¿sf] e]b k|bz{g u/L k"hfljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
!@= ljleGg sd{;“u ;DalGwt /ª\ujNnLsf] /rgf ug{,
!#= z'Snoh'j]{b lkt[;"Stdf plNnlvt dGqx¿ x:trfngk"j{s kf7 ug{,
!$= sd{sf08 / ;+:sf/sf dfWodn] ;f+:s[lts dxŒj atfpg .
-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff –!)_

o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s sd{sf08 ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= ljjfx ;+:sf/ a'emL ug{ / u/fpg,
@= ljjfx nUg klqsf lgdf{0f ug{ / u/fpg,
@= rt'/zLlt k"hf k4lt -;x;|rGb|bz{g, ;x;|rGbgfdfjnL_ ug{ / u/fpg,
#= >f4 ljlwdf cfjZos kg]{ df]6s, kljq, a|fx\d0f Pjd\ cf“}7L lgdf{0f ug{ /
u/fpg,
$= kfj{0f>f4 ljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
%= j/jw"ldnfk, ;"ts cflb ;fOtx¿ x]g{ / lg0f{o ug{,
^= k~rs gIfq Pjd\ dfl;s lg0f{o ug{ / u/fpg,
&= cGTo k4ltdf bzufq ljlw ug{ / u/fpg,
*= cGTo k4ltcGtu{t Psfbzfx / åfbzfx s[To ug{ u/fpg,
(= ljleGg sd{;“u ;DalGwt /ª\ujNnLsf] /rgf ug{,
!)= ljleGg b}lgs sd{;“u ;DalGwt x:tlj|mof a'emL k|of]ufTds ¿kdf ug{,
!!= kf7;“u ;lDalGwt lgTo, g}ldlQs, sfDosd{ ug{ / u/fpg,
!@= ;gftg wd{lglb{i6 sd{sf08sf dfWodn] kf}/f]lxTosd{ ug{ / u/fpg,
!#= j}lbs ;gftg wd{lglb{i6 ;+:sf/ / sd{sf af/]df atfpg / k|lzIf0f lbg .
107
j|m=;+= ljwf kf7\oj:t' kf7\oj:t'sf] ljj/0f lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef= k"0ff{ª\s
!= >fj0fL :gfg -s_ Cliftk{0fL kf/:s/ u[x\o;"q -s_ k|of]ufTds -s_ zAbkQL & %
-v_ o1f]kjLt cg';f/ cledGq0f ljlw k|bz{g -v_ jfSokQL
cledGq0f / :gfg -v_ JofVofg -u_ ;DalGwt ;fdfgx¿
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/ M s'z, hf}, ltn, b'af],
-3_ 5nkmn e:d, uf]a/,
-ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{÷ ;d"x d[lQsf,ckfdfuf{lb
sfo{
-r_ :ynut e|d0f÷
cjnf]sg
@= -s_ dft[sf -s_ cflbToflb ;Kt g]kfndf k|rlnt -s_ k|of]ufTds -s_ Zofdk6\6 & %
= k"hf dft[sf k"hg :jzfvf]St k|bz{g -v_ tflnsf
-v_ -v_ tf]/0f dft[sf– j}lbsljlwcg';f/ -v_ JofVofg -u_ cfjZos ;fdu|L
cfEo'blos k"hg -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ gof“ lksf{, ufO{sf] uf]a/,
>f4 u_ åf/ dft[sf -3_ 5nkmn b'af], s'z c3f}{tf], l3p,
k"hg -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{÷ ;d"x k"hf;fdfg ;'kf/L,
-ª_ j;'wf/f sfo{ l;bf,s'z, a|fx\d0f,
-r_ a|fx\Doflb ;Kt -r_ :ynut e|d0f÷ j:q,sd{kfq vfnL kfg,
b; dft[sf k"hg cjnf]sg k"hf;fdfg cflb .
#= d08k d08k lgdf{0f ljlw s'08d08k l;l4sf] -s_ gd'gf k|bz{g – d08k lgdf{0f M lnª\uf], * %
lgdf{0f cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg s]/fsf] af]6, pv'sf] af]6
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/ k}øo“', rFb'jf cflb .
-3_ 5nkmn
-ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{
-r_ :ynut e|d0f
108
$= r"8f -s_ h'l6sfaGwg kf/:s/ u[x\o;"qsf] -s_ k|bz{g -s_ cfjZos ;fdu|Lx¿ * %
-v_ r"8fs/0f ljlw cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg M
-u_ k|Zgf]Q/ lk7f] / cla/, 38L,
-3_ 5nkmn tLg 7fp“df ;]tf]
-ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ ePsf] b'D;Lsf] sf“8f,
-r_ :ynut e|d0f s'z, ;'g / rfFlbsf]
5'/f ;fbf sfkL,
b}Wo{lj:tf/ dfkg
tyf n]vfhf]vfoGq
sf“;sf] srf}/f,
sf“;sf] yfn,
knf;sf] ;ldwf,
s}“rL, 5'/f, afR5f]sf]
uf]j/, gf}gL lr;f] jf
tftf] kfgL lbbL
alxgLsf] pkl:ylt
cflb .
%= pkgog -s_ pkgoglgod kf/:s/ u[x\o;"qsf] -s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 !% !)
-v_ ;ª\sNk cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg -v_ zAbkQL
-u_ a|fx\d0f j/0f -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ lrq
-3_ k|folZrQ -3_ 5nkmn -3_ jfSokQL
-ª_ o1f]kjLtbfg -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ -ª_ tflnsf
-r_ k}|ifjfSo -r_ :ynut e|d0f -r_ cfjZos ;fdu|Lx¿
-5_ ufoqLbfg M
-h_ cª\ufnDeg ;gkf6sf] nuf}+6L,
-em_ u'?sf] clejfbg d'rsf] d]vnf -
-`_ leIffbfg s'df/sf] k|j/
;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df
109
ufF7f] ePsf] hft
cg';f/sf] sGwgL,
kx]“nf] kl/wfg j:q –
cn;f_ hftcg';f/sf]
n6\7L, -a|fx\d0fflb j|mdn]
knf;, a]n, 8'd|L_
;'g y}nf], emf]nL
sfnf] d[usf] 5fnf,
s'z, sfF;sf] srf}/f
* cf]6f, sGofn]
xftn] sft]sf] wfuf]sf]
hg} leIffkfq cflb .
^= j]bf/De -s_ j]bfWoog ljlw kf/:s/ u[x\o;"qsf] -s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 * %
-v_ a|x\dro{ lgod cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg -v_ tflnsf
-u_ k"0f{kfq -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ j]bsf] k':ts
-3_ 5nkmn -3_ cf;gL, k|0fLtf,
-ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ k|f]If0fL, ;'/f], ;ldwf,
-r_ :ynut e|d0f u'?e]6L cflb .
&= ;dfjt{g -s_ ;dfjt{g kf/:s/ u[x\o;"qsf] -s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 & %
o1f/De cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg -v_ zAbkQL
-v_ ;Gw'If0f -snzdf /fVg] -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ tflnsf
-u_ ;ldwfbfg h8La'6Lsf] gfd ;d]t -3_ 5nkmn -3_ cfjZos ;fdu|Lx¿
-3_ d'vljdz{g pNn]v ug'{kg]{_ -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ M
-ª_ cª\ufnDeg -r_ :ynut e|d0f tfdfsf] snz –*,
-r_ ci6snz–k"hg 8'd|Lsf] afx| cª\u'n nfdf]
Pjd\ bltpg, ;x;|wf/f, wf]tL,
hnfleif]rg ?dfn, lksf{, hg},
-5_ d]vnfdf]rg kl/wfg j:q, bf];Nnf,
110
-h_ pk:yfg 5ftf, h'Qf, n6\7L s'z,
-em_ lq/fqj|t sfF;, t]hkft, nHhfjtL
-`_ b]zfGt/ cflb
*= ;fdfGo -s_ j|taGw– d'x"t{dft{08 / -s_ k|bz{g tflnsf, k~rfª\u cflb & %
;fOtx¿ ljjfxsf d'x"t{lrGtfdl0fsf -v_ JofVofg
;fdfGo ;fOtx¿ cfwf/df -u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-v_ rt'/zLlt– -3_ 5nkmn
k"hfsf] ;fOt -ª_ k|of]ufTds sfo{
-u_ j|tf]Bfkgsf -r_ ;d:of ;dfwfg
;fOtx¿
-3_ >f4sfnLg lg0f{o
-ª_ cGgk|fzg ;fOt
(= Psf]l2i6 -s_ tk{0fljlw xftdf x'g] b]j, a|xd
\ , -s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 @% !%
>f4ljlw -v_ bLkk"hf sfo cflb kf“r tLy{sf] -v_ JofVofg -v_ tflnsf
-u_ a|fx\d0f– 1fg, pkjLlt, lgjLlt -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ lrq
lgdGq0f / k|frLgfjLltsf] -3_ 5nkmn -3_ cfjZos ;fdu|L M
-3_ kfbf£o{ kl/ro;lxt -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ vuf}tf], c3f}{tf], afn'jf,
-ª_ sd{kfq lgdf{0f >f4sNksf cfwf/df-r_ :ynut e|d0f lji0f' kfb'sf, rf/s'g]
-r_ k|lt1f ;ª\sNk to ul/g] . 6k/L, kfgsf] kft,
-5_ lbUaGwg z'Snoh'j]{b dfWoflGbg kljq, df]6s, cf}+7L,
-h_ x:tf£o{ zfvfsf dGqx¿;lxt a|fXd0f -s'zsf]_ rfdn,
-em_ a|fx\d0f k"hg ljlw s]/f, lk08 ksfpg]
-`_ ljs/bfg rfdn, l;wf @ efu hg}
-6_ lk08j]bL # -tLg_ hf]/ .
lgdf{0f Pjd\
;+:sf/
-7_ lk08bfg
-8_ lk08k"hg
111
-9_ sd{kfqfleif]s
-0f_ cfzLif k|fy{gf
-t_ ltnsbfg
-y_ kof]wf/f
-b_ zª\vrj|mk"hf
-w_ j;Gtflbk"hf
-g_ blIf0ff
-k_ e"o;LblIf0ff
-km_ a|fx\d0f–
lj;h{g
-a_ bLkfR5fbg
-e_ k|fy{gf
-d_ sd{ ;dk{0f
-o_ cfzLif dGqkf7
/ k|;fbu|x0f
!)= lkt[;"St j]bsf dGqx¿ z'= oh'j]{b lkt[;"Stdf -s_ k|bz{g
plNnlvt j}lbs -v_ JofVofg
dGqx¿ -u_ k|Zgf]Q/
-3_ 5nkmn
-ª_ e"ldsf lgjf{x
!! nIdLk"hf -s_ bLk, snz, j}lbs ljlw / -s_ k|bz{g -s_ nIdLsf] lrq * %
u0f]zk"hf zf:qLo cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg -v_ zAbkQL
-v_ nIdLk"hf -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ cfjZos ;fdu|L
-u_ cª\uk"hf -3_ 5nkmn gl/jn, cf]v/, s6'z,
-3_ >L;"St -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ ljld/f], sdnu6\6f,
-r_ :ynut e|d0f xn]bf],
sf}8f, d'ª, k|tLdf,
ef]hkq, snd, d;L,
112
kl~hsf, bLkdflnsf,
;f}efUoj:q cflb .
!@= pBfkg -s_ PsfbzL jflif{s j|t /TgfjnLsf -s_ k|bz{g tflnsf, zAbkQL, !% !)
-j|t k|lti7f_ -v_ /fdgjdL cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg ;DalGwt b]jtfsf]
-u_ xl/tflnsf -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ /ª\ujNnL /rgf,
-3_ Clifk~rdL -3_ 5nkmn cfjZos kg]{ cGo
-ª_ kf}0f{df;L -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ ljleGg ;fdu|Lx¿
-r_ s[i0ffi6dL -r_ :ynut e|d0f
-5_ :j:yfgL
-h_ lzj/fqL
-em_ k|bf]if .
hDdf !!% &%
s"n !%) !))
b|i6Jo != ;a} k|sf/sf k"hfk4ltsf] kmn / cf}lrTo pNn]v u/L dxŒj atfpg'kb{5 .

j|m= ;+= ljwf kf7\oj:t' kf7\oj:t'sf] lzIf0f ljlw z}lIfs ;fdu|L kf=ef k"0ff{ª\s
ljj/0f
qm=;++
113
! ljjfx k4lt -s_ :jo+j/ ljlw kf/:s/– -s_ k|bz{g nUg n]Vg] ;fdfgx¿ M #) @)
-v_ k6nf~5g u[Xo;"q / -v_ JofVofg ef/ afFWg] ;fdfg,
ljlw g]kfndf k|rlnt -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;fOkf6f kqsf] ;fdfg,
-u_ jfUbfgljlw ljlwsf cfwf/df -3_ 5nkmn uxgfx¿
-3_ j/0fL -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ -b'nfxf / b'nxLsf]_
-ª_ dw'ks{ljlw -r_ :ynut e|d0f dfx'/sf] yfn, ufu|L,
-r_ sGofbfg -5_ clego s?jf, v8\s"nf] cflb .
5_ /fi6«e[b\xf]d
-h_ cEoftgxf]d
-em_ u'Ktfx'lt
-`_ nfhfxf]d
-6_ ci6kj{tk"hf
-7_ ;Ktklb
-8_ ;"o{bz{g
-w|'jbz{g_
-9_ x[bofnDeg
-0f_ l;Gb"/fk{0f
-t_ blwdw'k|fzg
-dfx'/_
-y_ u|xltns
-b_ k"0ff{x"lt
-w_ rt'yL{sd{
@= rt'/zLlt k"hf -s_ ;j{tf]eb| ?b|ofdn tGqsf] -s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 !) %
k4lt lgdf{0fljlw cfwf/df -v_ JofVofg -v_ lrq
-;x;|rGb|– -v_ rGb|k"hf ljlw -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ cfjZos ;fdfu|L
bz{g_ -u_ cfjZos -3_ 5nkmn -3_ lnËf, Wjhf @!, yfnL
ljlwx¿sf] -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ *$, ;'j0f{k|ltdf *$, e]6L
;ª\lIfKt -r_ :ynut e|d0f *$, hg} *$, ;'kf/L *$,
114
pNn]v tLgknsf] ;'j0f{sf] k|ltdf
-3_ ;x;|rGb|
gfdfjnL_
#= ;fdfGo ;fOt -s_ j/aw'ldnfk d'x"t{lrGtf–dl0f -s_ k|bz{g tflnsf, k~rfª\u cflb !% !)
1fg / -v_ JofVofg
-v_ ljjfxnUg– d'x"t{dft{08–sf -u_ k|Zgf]Q/
klqsf lgdf{0f cfwf/df -3_ 5nkmn
-u_ k~rsgIfq
1fg
-v_ ;fdfGo ;"ts
lg0f{o
-ª_ dfl;s lg0f{o
$= cGTok4lt !=bfx;+:sf/flb sfo{ g]kfnL k/Dk/f–-s_ k|bz{g -s_ zAbkQL @% !%
-s_ bfx;+:sf/ cg';f/ / -v_ JofVofg -v_ lrq
-v_ cl:yIf]k0fljlw wd{zf:qsf -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ -u_ cfjZos ;fdu|L M
-u_ bzufqljlw cfwf/df -3_ 5nkmn sd]/f], bfp/f, zøofsf]
@= Psfbzfxsfo{ -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ ;fdfg, ;'gsf 6'j|mf, sf“rf]
-s_ Psfbzfx -r_ :ynut e|d0f df6f], afR5f], afR5L, rj|m,
lj|mofsd{ lqz"n, ;'gsf] l;ª /
-v_ zøofbfg 6Lsf, rfFlbsf] v'/,
-u_ sf~rg tfdfsf] s/ª, sf“;sf]
k'?ifbfg srf}/f, afR5fafR5Lsf]
-3_ låhbDklQ– uxgf df]6s, sf“rf] wfuf],
k"hg Psf]l2i6 >f4sf] ;fdu|L
-ª_ j[iff]T;u{ kbbfg / k':tsbfgsf]
-r_ slknfbfg ;fdfg, lj|mofk'qLn]
-5_ cfBdfl;s– nufpg] j:q kf7
>f4 k|of]u cg';f/sf] ;fdu|L pNn]v
115
-h_ 5qbfg ug]{ .
-em_ pkfgxbfg
-`_ cZjbfg
-6_ lzljsfbfg
-7_ cfBfjlbs >f4
-8_ pbss'Debfg
-9_ pmgdfl;s–
sflb k~rbz
>f4
#== åfbzfxsfo{
-s_ ;lk08Ls/0f
-v_ ;lk08f]Q/
kfy]o>f4
-u_ dfl;s >f4
ljlw
%= kfj{0f>f4–ljlw -s_ kfj{0f>f4– zf:qLo /-s_ k|bz{g -s_ Zofdk6\6 #% @%
lg0f{o -;fdfGo >f4sNksf -v_ JofVofg -v_ tflnsf cfjZos
;/nefiffdf_ cfwf/df tof/ -u_ k|Zgf]Q/ ;fdu|Lx¿ M l;wf %efu,
-v_ bLkk"hf ug]{ -3_ 5nkmn hg} & hf]/ , a|fx\d0f rf/,
-u_ a|fx\d0f– -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ sd{ kfq @, x:tf£o{ lk08
lgdGq0f -r_ :ynut e|d0f k/Dk/fcg';f/ ^ jf
-3_ cfjfxg lkt[;ª\Vofcg';f/
-ª_ kfbf£o{ -c¿ Psf]l2i6 >f4df
-r_ sd{kfqlgdf{0f h:t}_ .
-5_ k|lt1f ;ª\sNk
-h_ lbUaGwg
-em_ gLljaGwg
-`_ x:tf£o{
116
-6_ a|fx\d0fk"hf
-7_ cUgf}s/0f
e":jfdL
-9_ ljs/bfg
-0f_ lkt[;"Stkf7
-t_ lk08j]bL–
lgdf{0f tyf ;+:sf/
-y_ lk08bfg
-b_ lk08k"hg
-w_sd{kfqsf] hnn]
cleif]s
-g_ cfzLif k|fy{gf
-k_ ltnsbfg
-km_ kof]wf/f
-a_ zª\vrj|mk"hf
-e_ j;Gtflbk"hf
-d_ blIf0ff ;ª\sNk
-o_ a|fx\d0f lj;h{g
-/_ bLkfR5fbg
-n_ k|fy{gf
-j_ sd{;dk{0f
-;_ cfzLifdGq
-if_ k|;fbu|x0f
hDdf !!% &%
s"n !%) !))
b|i6Jo M != ;a} k|sf/sf k"hfk4ltsf] kmn / cf}lrTo pNn]v u/L dxŒj atfpg'kb{5 .
117
sd{sf08 ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ :yfgLo kl/j]z,
ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt cflbsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . lglb{i6
ljifoj:t'nfO{ Jofjxfl/s hLjg;u ;fd~h:o u/]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/
lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . o; sfo{df ;s];Dd :yfgLo z}lIfs
;fdu|L k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . ljifoj:t';u ;DalGwt u/fP/ :yfgLo :t/df cWoog e|d0f
jf k|ToIf cjnf]sg u/fpg ;s]df l;sfO lbuf], Jofjxfl/s Pjd\ k|efjsf/L x'G5 .
lzIf0fl;sfO sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[ltcg';f/ lgDgfg';f/sf
lzIf0f ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 M
-5_ vf]h ljlw -h_ kl/of]hgf ljlw -em_ ;d:of ;dfwfg
-`_ JofVofg ljlw
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s lzIf0fof]hgf, PsfOof]hgf / b}lgs kf7of]hgf agfP/ lzIf0fsf
nflu tof/ x'g'k5{ .
@= ef]lnkN6 k9fpg] kf7 cl3Nnf] lbg g} lzIfsn] zf:qLo ljlwcg';f/ tof/
ug'{k5{ .
#= ljBfyL{sf] :t/, pd]/, ?lr Pjd\ Ifdtf a'‰g' / tbg'¿k lj|mofsnfk
u/fpg'kb{5 .
$= ljifoj:t'df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfsif{0f ug{ ;/n / j|mda4 tl/sf ckgfpg'sf
;fy} pTk|]/0ff / sf}t"xn klg hufpg'kb{5 .
%= cWofkgdf a9LeGbf a9L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;+nUg u/fO{ lzIf0f ul/g'kb{5 .
^= of] ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt;“u ;Da4 ljifo ePsfn] o;df &% k|ltzt ;}4flGts /
@% k|ltzt k|fof]lus 1fg Pj+ x:tlj|mofsf ljlw k|lj|mofx¿ k|bz{g ul/g'kb{5 .
&= ljz]if lzIf0fsf cj:yfdf afx]s cGoq ;+:s[t efiffsf] dfWod ckgfpg'kb{5 .
*= o; kf7\oj|mdsf] p2]Zo ;gftg wd{ Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf ljljw kIf l;sfpg' ePsfn]
zf:qLo / k|rlnt ljlw l;sfpg / ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] pkfo lzIfsn] ckgfPsf]
x'g'kb{5 .
(= lrq, tflnsf, /ª\ujNnL, ;j{tf]eb| cflbsf] k|of]u l;sfpFbf ;'?df Zofdk6\6df
sf]/L ;fbf sfkLdf k'm6, sDkf;sf] dfWodn] ;}4flGts 1fg u/fO;s]kl5 dfq
lk7f] tyf /ªsf] k|of]u :ynut ¿kdf u/fpg'kb{5 .
!)= dxŒjaf]w u/fpFbf j}lbs -;|f]t_ sd{sf] kf7\oljlw;“u bfFhL j}lbs ljlw;Fu
klg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kl/ro u/fpg' / zf:qLo ljlw Pjd\ k|rlnt Jofjxfl/s
ljlwsf] leGgtf x'g] u/L l;sfpg' ckl/xfo{ 7fGg'kb{5 .
!!= k|l;4 rf8kj{ / ;+:sf/x¿ l;sfp“bf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;fd"lxs cjnf]sg e|d0f
Pjd\ k|Zgf]Q/sf] sfo{ to ul/g'kb{5 .
118
!@= sd{x¿df atfOPsf ;fdfgx¿ oyfzSo lzIfsn] ljBfnodf ;ª\u|x u/fO{
lzIf0fdf ;xhtf nfOPsf] x'g'kb{5 .
!#= sd{ ubf{ h'g ;fdfg rflxg] xf] ToxL“ z}lIfs ;fdUf|Lsf] k|of]u ul/“bf ;kmn
l;sfO x'g hfg] x'gfn] sIffsf]7fsf] aLr efudf -vfnL 7fp“df_ ;fdfg /fv]/
k|bz{g u/fpg'kb{5, h:t} M lk7f]sf] 7fp“df afn'jf k|of]u gu/L rfdns} lk7f]n]
sfd u/fpg'kb{5 .
!$= lzIfsn] x/]s 306Lx¿df gof“–gof“ ;fdu|L / k|of]usf] k|bz{g Pjd\
hfgsf/Laf6 ljz]if cfs{if0f lh1f;f a9fpg ;lsg] x'“bf a9LeGbf a9L
;fdfgx¿sf] k|bz{g ul/g' o; ljifosf] ljz]iftf x'g] 5 .
!%= kljq, cf}“7L, pkodg, df]6s, Clif -a|fx\d0f_, a|x\df cflbsf] lgdf{0f s'zsf]
Joj:yfaf6 sIffdf cfk}+“m agfpg ;Sg] u/L cEof; Pjd\ k|bz{gsf] Joj:yf
ug'{kb{5 .
!^= clws Jojxfl/s 1fg u/fpg / l;sfpg lzIfsn] sd{x¿sf] k|ToIf cg'ej,
cjnf]sg Pjd\ x:tlj|mofsf ljlwx¿df cfk"m :ki6 ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .
!&= ;Da4 ljifosf k|fdfl0fs k':tsx¿sf] ;Gbe{ atfP/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ clwseGbf
clws dfqfdf vf]h ug{ nufpg'kb{5 .
!*= kf7\ok':tsdf ePsf zAbx¿ / jfSox¿nfO{ Jofjxfl/s cy{ k|:6 kfg{
Jofs/0fsf lgod Pjd\ kfl/eflifs zAbrog u/L lzIf0f u/fpg'kb{5 .
!(= k|of]ufTds 1fgsf nflu ljBfyL{x¿s} ;xeflutf Pjd\ cfof]hgfdf -stf{ :Jfod\
ljBfyL{nfO{ agfO{_ q}dfl;s ¿kdf k"hf jf s'g} cg'i7fgsf nflu lzIfsn]
Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .
@)= ljBfnodf j]nfavt ;do ldnfP/ kfqx¿ tyf o1Lo j:t'x¿sf] k|bz{gL
u/fpg' jf k|bz{gL ePsf] 7fp“df ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ n}hfg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .
@!= ;du| kf7\ok':tssf z}lIfs ljifoj:t'x¿ cWofkg u/fp“bf ljBfyL{sf]
l;h{gfTds, k|of]ufTds Pjd\ n]vgfTds ;fdYo{ a9fpg hf]8 lbO{ tbg'¿k
lj|mofsnfksf] k|of]u Pjd\ k|bz{g x'g'kb{5 .
@@= kf7\ok':tssf ljifonfO{ ;d]6]/ xflh/Lhjfkmsf] cfof]hgf sIffut ¿kdf
ul/g'kb{5 .
– s}of}“ cleJolStn] a'emfpg g;s]sf] s'/f Pp6f lrqn] ;xh} :ki6 kfg{ ;Sg]
ePsf]n] k"hfut lzIf0fdf ;DalGwt b]jtfsf] lrq k|bz{g / tQb\b]jtfsf]
Wofg, k|efj / d"lt{ sNkgfsf ;DaGwdf oyf;Dej efjaf]wg u/fpg'kb{5 .
– ;ª\sNk jfSoof]hgf l;sfp“bf, ToxL lbgsf] ltly, jf/, gIfq, Ct', cog,
;+jT;/, ;"o{ rGb| a[x:kltsf] /flz hf]8]/ s'g} Ps sfdgf ljz]ifsf] k"hfsf]
jfSoof]hgf ug{ nufpg'kb{5 .
– j|tk"hf l;sfp“bf k"hfsf] ltly af]w u/fO{ iff]8zf]krf/, bzf]krf/,
k~rf]krf/sf] j}lbs Pjd\ kf}/fl0fs dGq ;+of]hg l;sfpg' pko'St x'G5 .
– j|taGw, >f4, cGTok4lt, ;+:sf/x¿, ljjfx k4lth:tf lj:t[t ljlwx¿
l;sfp“bf j|mdaf]w tflnsfsf] k|bz{g Pjd\ tflnsf lgdf{0f ug{ nufO{
j|mdaf]w u/fpg' p2]Zo kl/k"lt{sf nflu s'zn lzIf0f x'G5 .
119
@#= lzIf0f ljlw / lj|mofsnfk oltdfq geP/ c? klg x'g ;S5g\ . s'zn lzIfsn]
;do;fk]If, cfjZostf / kl/l:yltcg';f/ ljljw lzIf0f ljlw / lj|mofsnfk
u/fpg ;Sg] 5g\ . oxf“ pNn]v u/]sf ljlwx¿ s]xL b[i6fGt dfq x'g\ .
;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . sd{sf08 ljifodf
ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
!= d"Nofª\sgn] d'VotM k"hf tyf ;+:sf/sf] ;}4flGts Pjd\ k|of]ufTds glthf
b]vfpg'kb{5 .
@= sd{sf08, wd{ / ;+:s[lt;“u ;DalGwt ljifo ePsfn] o;n] d'VotM
;}4flGts -dGqf]RRff/0f / k|of]ufTds_ k|bz{gdf hf]8 lbg'kb{5 .
#= o;n] kfqf]df lgwf{l/t ljljw kIfsf af/]df 1fg, d'x"t{ 1fg / k|of]usf ljlw
kIfx¿df dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vfsf tl/sf ckgfpg'kb{5 .
$= o;n] ;}4flGts ¿kdf pQ/s'l~hsf klg agfPsf] x'g'k5{ eg] k|of]ufTds ¿kdf
sfo{ :yndf k|ToIf sfd u/fpg ;Sg] agfpg'kb{5 . cyf{t\ ljBfyL{ sfo{If]qdf
;f]e}m ;+nUg x'g ;Sg] u/fpg'kb{5 .
%= ;}4flGts lzIf0fsf ;fy;fy} k|of]ufTds kIfsf] d"Nofª\sg eO/xg'kb{5 .
^= lzIfs jf ljBfnon] cfof]hgf ug]{ cjnf]sn e|d0fkZrft\ k|Zgf]Q/sf dfWodn]
d"Nofª\sg x'g'kb{5 .
&= ;+:s[tefiffnfO{ clwseGbf clws ¿kdf k|of]udf NofO/xg'kb{5 .
*= dGqf]Rrf/0fsf nflu ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|ToIf dGqf]Rrf/0f ug{ nufP/ dfkg tyf
n]vfhf]vf ug'{kb{5 .
!= sd{sf08df ;}4flGts kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf ckgfpg ;lsg]5 M
120
-s_ ax'j}slNks k|Zg ;f]w]/ .
-v_ 7Ls a]7Ls 5'6\ofpg nufP/ .
-u_ xflh/hjfkm u/fP/ .
-3_ sl7g zAbx¿sf] cy{ ;f]w]/ .
-ª_ af]wsf] cfwf/df k|Zgf]Q/ u/fP/ .
-r_ ljj/0ffTds k|Zg u/]/ .
-5_ kfqx¿ jf ;fdfgx¿ k|bz{g u/L :j¿k -nIf0f_] ;DaGwL k|Zg u/]/ .
-h_ ;:j/ / df}gk7g u/fP/ .
-em_ sIffut k/LIffsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ .
@= k|of]ufTds kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf ckgfpg ;lsg]5 M
-s_ s'zlgdf{0f, /ª\ujNnL cflb sIffsf]7fdf ug{ nufP/ .
-v_ k"hfsf] -cg'i7fgsf]_ cfof]hgf u/L ljBfyL{nfO{ jfrg / x:tlj|mof ug{
nufP/ .
-u_ dGqf]Rrf/0f, Znf]sf]Rrf/0f cflbsf] cEof; u/fP/ .
-3_ tflnsf, dGq tyf lrqx¿ n]Vg / lgdf{0f ug{ nufP/ .
P]lR5s sd{sf08 ljifosf] k|To]s k/LIffdf &% k|ltzt lnlvt / @% k|ltzt df}lvs -
k|of]ufTds_ k/LIffsf] Joj:yf x'g] 5 . h;cg';f/ P;Pn;Ldf &% k"0ff{ª\ssf]
;}4flGts k/LIff lnlvt x'g] 5 . @% k"0ff{ª\ssf] df}lvs -k|of]ufTds_ k/LIff ;DalGwt
ljBfnon] lgodfg';f/ u/L To;sf] cª\s ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg'kg]{ 5 .
121
P]lR5s j]b
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;+:s[t efiffdf lga4 j]bsf] dxŒj ljZjn] dfg]sf] 5 . lxGb'x¿sf] wd{ ;+:s[ltsf] d"n
;|f]t klg j]b} xf] . j]b ljZjsf w]/} efiff / ;+:s[lt, wd{ / ;Dk|bfosf] klg d"n ;|f]t
dflgG5 . ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf klxnf] ;[li6 cyjf /rgf;"q j]b g} xf] . j]bnfO{ ljZjsf]
;femf 1fg e08f/ dflgG5 . sltko k"jL{o / klZrdL ljåfg\x¿n] j]bnfO{ ljZj
efiffsf] hggL eg]sf 5g\ . cfh;Ddsf dfgjn] vf]h, cg';Gwfg ubf{ j]beGbf h]7f] /
k'/fgf] /rgf kfPsf 5}gg\ . j]bn] dfgj hut\sf] of] h'gLnfO{ ;d'Ggt, ;DkGg / ;'vL
agfO{ df]If;d]t lbG5 . j]b, ;+:s[t efiff ;flxTosf ;a} lsl;dsf zf:q / ljwfx¿sf]
d"n klg xf] . oL ;a} sf/0fn] ubf{ j]b k9\g' ;a}sf lglDt h?/L 5 .
k/a|x\d k/dfTdfåf/f pk]bz ul/Psf] / To;nfO{ Clif dxlif{x¿n] tkf]anåf/f
cfTd;ft\ u/L lzio k|lzio x'“b} u'? d'vf]Rrf/0f cg'Rrf/0fk"j{s -u'?n] pRrf/0f u/]
h:t} u/L pRrf/0f ug]{ sfd_ >'lt -s0f{_ k/Dk/fn] cWoog cWofkg ul/“b} cfPsf] j]b
;j{k|yd l;ª\uf] ¿kdf Pp6} /x]sf] s'/f >Ldb\efujt, jfo'k'/f0f cflbdf pNn]v 5 .
sfnfGt/df d]wf -wf/0ff_ zlSt sdhf]/ x'“b} uPsf dg'iox¿sf] pksf/sf nflu
j]bnfO{ rf/ efu nufO{ k}n, j}zDkfog, h}ldlg / ;'dGt' gfdsf rf/ lziox¿nfO{
af“l8of] . oL ;a} s[i0få}kfog j]bJof;sf lzio lyP . j]bJof;sf log} k|d'v rf/
lziox¿n] cf–cfˆgf lziox¿nfO{ j}lbs ljlwcg';f/ cWofkg ub}{ uP . oxL j|mdn]
tQTk|jrg stf{sf gfdn] j]b xhf/f}+ zfvfdf ljeQm x'g k'Uof] . Jofs/0fsf
dxfefiosf/n] cfˆgf] efiodf CUj]bsf @! zfvf, oh'j]{bsf !)! zfvf -h;df *^
s[i0f oh'j]{bsf / !% z'Snoh'j]{bsf_, ;fdj]bsf !))) zfvf / cyj{j]bsf (
zfvf;d]t u/L !!#! zfvf ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . h;dWo] xfn CUj]bsf @ -b'O{_
zfvf oh'j]{bsf # -tLg_ zfvf ;fdj]bsf # -tLg_ zfvf, cyj{jb]sf @ -b'O{_ zfvf
u/L hDdf !) -bz_ zfvf cWoog cWofkgdf k|rlnt 5g\ .
j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/f cf–cfˆgf zfvfsf] cfˆg} lsl;dsf] pRrf/0f Pj+ x:t;~rfngsf]
k/Dk/f /xL cfPsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f tQt\ zfvfsf j]bdf ljZje/ Ps¿ktf
cfh;Dd klg ljBdfg 5“b} 5 . dLdf+;fzf:qn] :jfWofof]˜Wo]tJoM o; j]bjfSonfO{
cfwf/ dfg]/ cf–cfˆgf] j]bsf zfvfsf] u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg'Rrf/0fk"j{s ug'{kg]{ cyf{t\
u'?n] pRrf/0f u/]kl5 To;nfO{ cg's/0f u/L 5fqn] pRrf/0f ug'{'kg]{ tyf cy{;lxt}
cWoog ug'{kg]{ j]bfWoogljlwsf] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg u/]sf] 5 . cem ci6jif{+
a|fXd0fd'kgoLt tdWofkoLt eGg] j]bjfSosf] cfwf/df ;fdfGotof cf7 jif{sf]
a|fx\d0f j6'sn] j|taGw kl5 j]bfWoog ug'{k5{ eGg] 5 . o;sf] cWoogdf ;j{k|yd
:jzfvfsf] cWoog ug'{kg]{ / :jzfvfsf] cWoogkl5 dfq c¿ zfvfsf] cWoog
ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o;f] u/]df zfvf/08 bf]ifaf6 alrG5 .
122
sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{o / lj=;+= @)^# df
nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf;“u} kf7\oj|mddf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePcg'¿k P]lR5s
j]b ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 . o; kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g ubf{
lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 M
– k|of]ufTds k/LIffsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5
!= j]b Pjd\ j]bfª\usf] ;ª\lIfKt kl/ro atfpg,
@= k/Dk/fut ¿b|fWofoaf/] atfpg,
#= j]bsf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4;“u n]Vg,
$= o1 sfo{x¿df x:t:j/;lxt z'4¿kdf j]b dGq k9\g,
%= j]b dGqnfO{ ;f/:j/;lxt z'4;“u k9\g / n]Vg,
^= x:t:j/, d'v:j/, dfqf, /ª\u, j0f{, lk08 cflb j]bfWoogsf] lgod atfpg,
&= j]bfWoogsf] u'?d'vk"j{s x'g] cWoog k/Dk/fnfO{ oyfjt\ /fVg,
*= k|rlnt sd{sf08sf dGqx¿nfO{ ;:j/ z'4;“u k9L tQTsd{ ug]{ cEof; ug{ /
u/fpg
(= j]bfWooogdf :jfWofo k/Dk/fnfO{ /Iff ug{,
!)= j]bfWoog k/Dk/fsf] dxŒj atfpg .
-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff (_

o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ x:t ;~rfngk"j{s dGqx¿ z'4;“u k9\g / n]Vg,
@= knfz zfvfR5]bg / cfHou|x0f;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t ;~rfngk"j{s kf7 ug{,
#= OWok|f]If0f dGqx¿, bz{kf}0f{dfz]if dGqx¿ / lk08lkt[o1;DaGwL dGqx¿
x:t:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
$= cUGofwfg pk:yfg / rft'df{:o;DaGwL dGqx¿ ;:j/ s07:y atfpg,
123
%= clUgi6f]d -;f]dofu_ o1df ohdfg / ;f]db|Josf] zfnf k|j]z;DaGwL dGqx¿
atfpg,
^= cflyYo]li6 / o"k lgdf{0f;DaGwL dGqx¿ atfpg,
&= clUgiff]dLo kz', o"k ;+:sf/ / ;f]d s08g;DaGwL dGqx¿ atfpg,
*= of1jNSo lzIffsf cfwf/df pbfQflbsf] e]b;lxt x:t:j/flbsf af/]df atfpg,
(= j]bfWoog ljlw / x:trfng ljlw atfpg,
!)= :j/;+lxtf ljlw a'‰g / atfpg .
-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff –!)_

o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s z'Snoh'j]{b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ x:t ;~rfngk"j{s dGqx¿ z'4;“u k9\g / n]Vg,
@= ;f}ldsu|x u|x0f / ;+:sf/;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t ;~rfngk"j{s kf7 ug{,
#= jfhk]o / /fh;"o o1;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
$= cleif]ssfo,{ hnu|x0f dGqx¿, /fh;"o dGqx¿ / r/s ;f}qfd0fL;DaGwL
dGqx¿ x:t ;~rfng;lxt kf7 ug{,
%= pvf;De/0fflb o1;DaGwL dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt s07:y kf7 ug{,
^= cUGo'k:yfkg dGqx¿, ;ldbfwfg dGqx¿ / Oi6sfrogflb dGqx¿ s07:y
atfpg,
&= z'Snoh'j]{bsf ;Dk"0f{ dGqx¿ ;f/:j/;lxt kf7 ug{,
*= j]bfWoog ubf{ j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f / x:t;~rfng s;/L ug]{ eGg] s'/f atfpg,
(= j]bdf ePsf] Kn't, lj;u{, if / o, j / a, è, é /ª, lk08 / ljBfdlxdf
ljBfyL{sf] st{Jo / u'? dlxdf;DaGwL ljz]if1fg ug{,
!)= j}lbs k/Dk/fnfO{ ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g ug{ .
124
!= u0fklt k|fy{gfb]lv zflGtkf7 dWolGbg if8ª\u oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf !% !)
?b|fi6fWofoL;Ddsf ;'vf;gdf a;]/
?b|fleif]ssf ;a} dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
@= knfzzfvfR5]bgb]lv cfHou|x0f z'Sn oh''j]{b k|yd oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf * %
cWofo;sf o1 ;DaGwL ;'vf;gdf a;]/
dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof - cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
#!_ af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
#= OWdk|f]If0fflb bz{kf}0f{df;z]if / z'Sn oh'j]{b låtLo oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf & %
lk08lkt[o1 cWofo;Ddsf dGqx¿ ;'vf;gdf a;]/
hDdf dGq;ª\Vof - u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
#$_ x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\
125
jfSokQL, lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
cflb
$= cUGofwfgb]lv s]zst{g z'Sn oh'j]{b låtLo oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf !% !)
cWofo;Ddsf o1Lo ;'vf;gdf a;]/
hDdf dGq;ª\Vof -^#_ af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
%= ;f}ldszfnfk|j]zb]lv ;f]dk|fy{gf z'Sn oh'j]{b rt'y{ oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf * %
cWofo;Ddsf dGqx¿ ;'vf;gdf a;]/
u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
hDdf dGq;ª\Vof -#&_ x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
^= cfltYo]li6b]lv :yf0f'xf]d z'Sn oh'j]{b k~rd kb\df;gdf jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ !% !)
cWofo;Ddsf u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
o1LodGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
hDdf dGq;ª\Vof cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
-$#_ af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ jfSokQL
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
&= cUgLiff]dLob]lv lgu|fejfrg z'Sn oh'j]{b ifi7 kb\df;gdf jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ & %
cWofo;Ddsf dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
126
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof -#&_ pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g cflb
*= pkf+z'u|xb]lv sfdk|fy{gf z'Snoh'j]{b oyf]St cf;gdf jf kb\df;gdf !% !)
;Ktd cWofo;Ddsf jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/
o1Lo dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof - x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
$*_ pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
(= dª\unfr/0f, zf:qf]k:yfkg, of1jNSo lzIff – JofVofg @% !%
;Kt:j/1fg, dfqf1fg, cWoog – k|bz{g
ljlw, x:t;~rfng ljlw,
;Kt:j/;+lxtf ljlw – k|jrg
– 5nkmn
hDdf !!% &%
s"n !%) !))

!= z'Snoh'j]{bsf ;f}ldsu|x u|x0f z'Sn oh''j]{b ci6d oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf !% !)
127
tyf ;+:sf/ cWofo;DaGwL ;'vf;gdf a;]/
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
-^#_ af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
@= z'Snoh'j]{bsf jfhk]o o1 / z'Sn oh''j]{b gjd oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf !% !)
/fh;"o o1 cWofo;DaGwL -! ;'vf;gdf a;]/
–$)_ dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
-$)_ cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
#= z'Snoh'j]{bsf – * %
cleif]sfy{ hnu|x0f z'Sn oh'j]{b bzd oyf]St–cf;gdf kb\df;gdf jf
– /fh;"o o1;DaGwL z]if cWofo;DaGwL ;'vf;gdf a;]/
dGqx¿ dGqx¿ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
– r/s ;f}qfdl0f;DaGwL x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
dGqx¿ pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
-#$_ af]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
$= pvf;De/0fflb o1 kb\df;gdf jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ @% !%
z'Sn oh'j]{b u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
Psfbz x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
cWofo;DaGwL pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
128
dGqx¿ cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
hDdf dGq ;ª\Vofaf]wfª\sg cEof; Pjd\ kQL
-*#_ lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g cflb
%= – pvfwf/0fflb dGqx¿ z'Sn oh'j]{b åfbz
kb\df;gdf jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ !% !)
– cUGo'k:yfg dGqx¿ cWofo u'?d'vf]Rrf/0ffg';f/
– ;ldwfwfg dGqx¿ x:t:j/;lxt ;/n / ;xh
– Oi6sfrogflb hDdf dGq ;ª\Vof pRrf/0f Pjd\ cEof;af]w k|of]u
dGqx¿ -!!&_ cleJolSt, k|Zg]fQ/ n]vg,
lgdf{0fsnf k|bz{g
^= ;Kt:j/1fg, cWoog ljlw, of1jNSo lzIff – JofVofg @@ !%
x:t;~rfng ljlw -k"jf{w{_ – k|bz{g
– k|jrg
– 5nkmn
&= of1jNSo lzIff of1jNSo lzIff – JofVofg !% !)
-pQ/fw{_ -pQ/fw{_ – k|bz{g
– :j/ / Jo~hgsf j0f{ -/ª_ – k|jrg
b]jtf, hflt
– kbsf uf]q / b]jtfx¿ – 5nkmn
– cIf/sf b]jtf / lnª\ux¿
– ;lGw -nf]k, cfud, ljsf/ /
k|s[ltefj_
– k~r:j/elSt
– j0ff]{Rrf/0f ljlw
129
– lk08 ljj]rg
– cWo]t[sf wd{ -ljBfyL{
wd{_
– ljBf k|flKtsf pkfox¿
– u'?sf] dxŒj
hDdf !!% &%
s"n !%) !))
130
k|frLgsfnb]lv g} j]b ljifosf] cfkm\g} df}lns ljlzi6 lzIf0f ljlwsf] k/Dk/f
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s lzIf0fof]hgf cWofout kf7of]hgf, dGqof]hgf / b}lgs
kf7of]hgf agfP/ lzIf0fsf nflu tof/ x'g'k5{ .
@= ef]lnkN6 k9fpg] dGqx¿ cl3Nnf] lbg g} lzIfsn] j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ x'g] u/L
tof/L ug'{k5{ .
#= ljBfyL{sf] :t/, pd]/, ?lr, Pjd\ Ifdtf a'emL tbg'¿k cWofkg ug'{kb{5 .
$= j]b ljifodf ljBfyL{nfO{ cfsif{0f ug{ j]bsf] dxŒj ;/n ¿kdf atfO{ pTk|]l/t
ub}{ sf}t"xn hufpg'kb5{ .
%= j]b k9fpg] lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfr/0f cfxf/ljxf/ / kf];fs zf:q;Ddt
Pjd\ Ps} lsl;dsf] x'g'kb{5 .
^= j]b ljifo cWofkg ubf{ sIffut ;d"x agfO{ ;xpRrf/0f ub}{ pRrf/0fdf
Ps¿ktf Nofpg'kb{5 .
&= of] >'lt ;Da4 ljifo ePsfn] u'?sf] k|yd pRrf/0fkl5 dfq 5fqx¿n]
;xpRrf/0f ug]{ ug'{ / u/fpg'kb{5 . cfk}+m -ljgf u'?_ k9\bf x:t:j/ /
d'v:j/sf] ;dfg ;d'Rrf/0f x'g g;s]af6 j]bfWoog ck"0f{ / cz'4 x'g] s'/fnfO{
hf]8tf]8 ;fy ;+/If0f ug'{ u/fpg'k5{ .
*= of] ljifo j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ rNb} cfPsfn] o;sf] /Iff ug{ lzIfs ;jf]{kl/ x'g]
/ tbg'¿k ljBfyL{n] k/Dk/fnfO{ sfod ug]{ x'Fbf lzIfsn] ;r]ttf ckgfpg'
kb{5 .
(= lzIfsn] pbfQ, cg'bfQ / cf7 k|sf/sf :jl/tx¿nfO{ cToGt dxŒj lbP/ 7Ls
tl/sfn] z'4 pRrf/0fsf ;fy x:t;~rfng ug'{ / u/fpg'kb{5 .
!)= lzIfsn] x|:j, bL3{, Kn't cIf/x¿, x|:j / bL3{ -u'+_ tyf ë, o, ;, if, /]km, /ª\u
/ låTj cIf/x¿ of1jNSo lzIffadf]lhd u'?d'v k/Dk/fcg';f/ x:t:j/0f /
pRrf/0f ug'{ u/fpg'kb{5 .
!!= lzIfsn] x/]s 3G6Ldf cfˆgf] b}lgs kf7\oj:t'sf cltl/St aLraLrdf k9]sf
j]bsf dGqx¿ sxf“ k|of]u x'G5g\ < eGg] 1fg;d]t lb“bf ljBfyL{df pT;'stf
130
hfUg] x'G5 . t;y{ o:tf] tl/sf ckgfpg' ;kmn lzIf0fsf] Bf]ts x'g hfG5 .
;s];Dd 5f]6s/Ldf dGq cfzo atfpg lzIfs ;hu /xL tof/ u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
!@= lzIfsn] j]bfWoog u/fpFbf ljBfyL{x¿n] x:t;~rfng ug{ ghfg]df cfk}“mn] xft
;dfP/ ;~rfng u/fO{ lbg'kb{5 .
!#= of] ljifo cWoog ubf{ ;j{k|yd lzIfsn] pRrf/0f ug]{ / To;kl5 ljBfyL{{nfO{
pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg'kb{5 . ljBfyL{sf] ;ª\Vof x]/L cfwf ;ª\VofnfO{ dGqsf] csf]{
cfwf efu pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg'kb{5 .
!$= lzIfsn] cfˆg} cufl8 ;a} ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k':ts x]/]/ z'4 :ki6 pRrf/0f ub}{
s07:y ug{ u/fpg cEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
!%= x/]s sIffdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] kf7 x:t;~rfngk"j{s s07:y ;'Gg] ug'{kb{5 .
!^= of1jNSo lzIff cWofkg u/fp“bf lzIfsn] xfn;Dd cWofkg u/]sf dGqx¿ 7Ls
eP gePsf] hf“Rg'k5{ s]xL sdL eP To;nfO{ ;RofP/ cWofkg ug'{kb{5 .
!&= of1jNSo lzIff j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/f atfpg] zf:q ePsfn] o;df k|ltkfB
ljifonfO{ ;/n efiffdf l;sfpg' / tbg'¿k cfr/0f / Jojxf/ ug{ nfupg'kb{5
.

;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . z'Snoh'j]{b ljifodf
ug'{kb{5 .
-c_ lgdf{0ffTds d"Nofª\sg
lbg'kb{5 M
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
@= o;n] u'?sf] cf1fnfO{ ljBfyL{n] kfng u/] gu/]sf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{
.
131
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
(= sIffsf] cGTodf p2]Zo kl/k"lt{ eP gePsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf x'g'k5{ .
!)= lzIfs tyf ljBfnon] cfof]hgf ug]{ cjnf]sg o1;DaGWfL e|d0fkZrft\
k|Zgf]Q/df ;xL pQ/
lbg] x'g'k5{ .
!!= x:t;~rfngsf nflu k|of]ufTds ¿kdf cnu dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf x'g'k5{ .
-cf_ lg0f{ofTds d"Nofª\sg
j]b ljifodf dGqf]Rrf/0f / x:t;~rfng kIfnfO{ hf“Rg oL tl/sf ckgfpg'k5{ M
-v_ dGqx¿sf] x|:j, bL3{ / Kn'tnufot låTj k|tLsdGq cflb 7Ls 5g\ 5}gg\ eGg]
k|Zg u/]/ .
-ª_ pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t, :j/fª\sg, pRrf/0f / x:t:j/0f 7Ls ePgePsf]
dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf u/]/ .
P]lR5s j]b sIff ( / !) df cWoog cWofkg u/fp“bf jt{dfg lzIff k4lt / k|frLg
u'?s'n lzIff k4ltnfO{ ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zo oyfjt\ /fVg k|To]s k/LIffdf &% k|ltzt
lnlvt / @% k|ltzt df}lvs -k|of]ufTds_ k/LIffsf] Joj:yf x'g] 5 . h;cg';f/
P;Pn;Ldf &% k"0ff{ª\ssf] ;}4flGts k/LIff lnlvt x'g] 5 . @% k"0ff{ª\ssf] df}lvs -
k|of]ufTds_ k/LIff ;DalGwt ljBfnon] lgodfg';f/ u/L To;sf] cª\s ;DalGwt
lgsfodf k7fpg'kg]{ 5 .
132
P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif
-;+:s[t tyf j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno _
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
Hof]ltifzf:q if8ª\u j]bsf] k|d'v cª\u xf] . of] zf:qnfO{ l;4fGt / kmlnt u/L b'O{
ljifosf ¿kdf pkof]u ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . l;4fGt Hof]ltifdf cª\s Pjd\ aLh -
JoStfJoSt_ ul0ftsf cfwf/df lgwf{l/t ;"qx¿ / u|x :ki6Ls/0fflb lj|mofx¿sf] j0f{g
ul/Psf] 5 eg] kmlnt Hof]ltifdf nUgflbsf cfwf/df z'efz'e kmnfb]zsf] k/Dk/f
/lxcfPsf] 5 . oxL k/Dk/fcg';f/ ljBfnoLo kf7\oj|mddf klg l;4fGt Hof]ltif /
kmlnt Hof]ltif u/L b'j} ljifox¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ .
k|To]s dfgj ;d'bfosf cf–cfkm\gf wf/0ff, dfGotf, ;+:sf/ / ;f+:s[lts dof{bfx¿
x'G5g\ . o:tf dfGotf / wf/0ffsf] ;Gbe{df lxGb' ;+:s[ltsf] cfkm\g} j}lzi6\o /lxcfPsf]
5 . oL cfbz{do, Uff}/jdo k/Dk/f / ljlzi6 1fgnfO{ xfd|f cltk|frLg k|ftM
:d/0fLo Clifd'lgx¿n] cfkm\gf] lbJo1fg, cg'ej, of]ufEof; / ;dflwsf] cfwf/df
k/a|x\d k/dfTdfsf] c;Ld cg'u|x / lbJob[li6af6 k|fKt u/]sf x'g\ . o:tf cg'e"t
;fj{lqs / ljleGg ljifo;Da4 lgod k4lt / /Lltsf] cfwf/df ;d:t dfgjsf]
P]xnf}lss / kf/nf}lss ;d]t u/L ;fj{lqs ;d'Gglt u/fpg] p2]Zon] jl0f{t ljifo g}
kmlnt Hof]ltif xf] .
kmlnt Hof]ltifsf log} wfld{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, cfWoflTds tyf dgf}j}1flgs
dxŒjnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L ;'lzlIft, r]tgzLn JolStb]lv lnP/ ;fdfGo
hg;d'bfo;d]t kmnj]bL Hof]ltifL;“u ljleGg ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg ljleGg
k|Zgx¿ ub{5g\ . t/ sfnj|mdn] ubf{ o; zf:qsf] oyfy{ dd{ a'emL hg;d'bfosf]
lh1f;f / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ kmlnt Hof]ltifL kfpg lbgfg'lbg sl7g kb}{ uPsf]
jt{dfg kl/k|]Iodf dfWolds txb]lv g} o:tf] ljifosf] cWoog–cWofkg ug]{ hgzlSt
tof/ eO{ /fli6«o ;+:s[ltsf] ot\ lsl~rt\ dfqfdf eP klg ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g xf];\ eGg]
p2]Zon] kmlnt Hof]ltifsf] dfWolds txsf] kf7\oj|md tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
oxL j|mddf o; ljifosf] kf7\oj|mdnfO{ ;do;fk]If agfpg j]nfj]nfdf kl/dfhg ul/“b}
cfPsf] 5 . sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{o / lj=;+=
@)^# df nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf;“u} kf7\oj|mddf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePcg'¿k
P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif ljifosf] kf7\oj|md klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] xf] .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5
!= g]kfndf k|rlnt k~rfª\usf cfwf/df pBf]u, Jofkf/, s[lif cflb sfo{sf]
;kmntfsf nflu z'e d'x"t{ atfpg,
133
@= k|rlnt ;+:sf/x¿sf nflu z'e ;do atfpg,
#= u[xf/De, u[xk|j]z ofqfsf nflu z'e ;do atfpg,
$= lrgf n]vL kmnfb]z ug{ / uf]r/cg';f/ z'efz'e kmn j0f{g ug{,
%= k|Zgzf:qsf lgodd'tflas k|Zgfg';f/ pQ/ lbg,
^= tflhs k4ltcg'¿k jif{kmn atfpg,
&= ;kgf / ;s'gsf] cfwf/df kmn atfpg,
*= x:t/]vf / z/L/sf ljleGg lrx\gx¿nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;fd'lb|s zf:qcg';f/
kmnfb]z ug{ .
o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= cjsx8f rj|msf cfwf/df /flz, j0f{, jZo, of]lg, u0f, gf8L, cf;g, atfO{
o;nfO{ Jojxf/df k|of]u ug{,
@= j/jw" d]nfks rj|msf cfwf/df j/sGofsf] u'0fsf] of]u atfO{ ljjfx h'/fpg,
#= cGgk|fzg, j|taGw, ljjfx cflb ;+:sf/x¿sf] z'e ;do lgwf{/0f ug{,
$= nUgs'08nL, /flzs'08nL, e'Stf]g lj+zf]Q/L, of]lugL, lqefuL bzfo'St hGd
klqsf n]Vg,
%= u|xbzf / oflugLbzfsf] kmn atfpg,
^= nUgs'08nLdf /x]sf u|xx¿sf] pRr, gLr, pbo, c:t, :ju]x, zq'u|x cflbsf
cfwf/df z'efz'e kmnfb]z ug{,
&= :qLsf] kmnfb]z ubf{ Wofg k'/\ofpg'kg]{ ljifox¿ atfpg / tbg'¿k kmn ug{,
*= xft uf]8fdf /x]sf lrx\g / /]vfsf cfwf/df :qLk'?ifx¿sf] ljleGg kmn
atfpg .
-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff –!)_

o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= jif{k|j]z ;do 1fg u/L jif{ nUg ;fwg ug{,
@= jif]{zsf cfwf/df kmnfb]z ug{,
#= d'Gyf1fg u/L kmn atfpg,
$= lj+zf]Q/L, of]lugL / d'Gyfbzf 1fg u/L z'efz'e bzfkmn j0f{g ug{,
%= knef, cIff+z, b]zfGt/, j|mflGt, cogf+z / r/sf af/]df atfpg,
134
^= knef, cIff+z, b]zfGt/, j|mflGt, cogf+z / r/sf] k|ofu u/L u|x, nUg / efj
;fwg ug{ .
135
!= k~rfª\u 1fg -c_ ltly jf/ gIfq of]u s/0fsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro / gfd k|bz{g, cfudg, #) @)
-cf_ ltlyx¿sf] gGbflb;+1f gIfq :jfdL u|xgIfqsf] l:y/flb ;+1f lgudg, JofVofg,
tbg'¿ksfo{ rGb|jf; 1fg / To;sf] kmn ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ /flz kl/ro, /flz gfd / /flz :jfdL 5nkmn
-O{_ u|xx¿sf] pRrgLr, d"nlqsf]0f, pbo, c:t, jj|mdfu{ / u|xd}qL
-p_ cjsx8f rj|mdf cfwf/df gfdsf] cfBfIf/åf/f j0f{, jZo, of]lg,
u0f, gf8L, j0f{sf] 1fg / To;sf] Jofjxfl/s k|of]uljlw
-pm_ j/jw"d]nfks rj|måf/f j/sGofsf] u'0fsf] of]u / ljjfx ;do
-C_ k~r znfsf rj|måf/f lj4 gIfq / o;nfO{ sfo{ljz]ifdf k|of]u
ug{
-n[_ k~rfª\u:y u|xsf cfwf/df :j]i6sflns u|x :ki6 ug{, nUg
Nofpg, / nUgaf6 sfn lgwf{/0f ug{
-P_ k~rfª\u:y nUgsf cfwf/df nUgsf] gjdf+z lgwf{/0f u/L ljjfx
j|taGwsf] z'e ;do
-P]_ eb|f, wlgi7fk~rs, låk'is/–lqk'is/ of]usf] 1fg / kmn
-cf]_ zlg a;]sf] /flz kQf nufO{ JolStsf] gfd /flzcg';f/ ;f9];ftL
/ c9}ofsf] bzf lgwf{/0f u/L kmn atfpg
@= d'x"t{ k|s/0f -c_ j|moljj|mo d'x"t{ / ufO{ uf]? ;fg]{ d'x"t{ k|bz{g, cfudg, !% !)
-cf_ k;n vf]Ng] d'x"t{ lgudg, JofVofg,
-O_ pBf]uwGbf ;'? ug]{ d'x"t{ ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O{_ hnfzo agfpg] d'x"t{ 5nkmn
-p_ gf]s/L ug]{ d'x"t{
-pm_ gjfGgeIf0f d'x"t{
-C_ s[lifsd{ d'x"t{
-n[_ ce'Std"n 1fg, o;sf] kmn / zflGtsf ;fy} cZn]iffdf hGd]sf]
135
kmn
#= ;+:sf/ k|s/0f -c_ k|yd /hf]bz{g kmn / zflGt k|bz{g, cfudg, @) !%
-cf_ k|ydflb df;sf] bGtf]TklQ kmn, pmWj{bGtf]TklQ kmn Pjd\ o;sf] lgudg, JofVofg,
zflGt ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ z'j|m / a[x:kltsf] pbo, c:t / afNojfw{Sodf TofHo sd{ / 5nkmn
lbg
-O{_ nUgz'l4;lxt cGgk|fzg d'x"t{ / cGgk|fzg sflns u|xl:ylt
cg';f/sf] kmn / hLljsf k/LIff
-p_ nUgz'l4;lxt r"8fd'x"t{ / r"8fdf s]Gb|ut u|xsf] kmn
-pm_ cIf/f/De / ljBf/De d'x"t{
-C_ j|taGwsf] ;do, d'x"t{ / To;sf nflu u'?, ;"o{ / rGb| h'/fpg]
tl/sf
-n[_ pkgogsf nflu TofHo / u|fx\o u|xl:ylt
-P_ pkgogsf nflu lglif4sfn / gjdf+z kmn
-P]_ j|taGwsf] nUg n]Vg] /Llt
$= ljjfx k|s/0f -c_ sGofsf] j}wJo of]u / To;sf] kl/xf/ k|bz{g, cfudg, @) !%
-cf_ sGof / j/j/0f d'x"t{ lgudg, JofVofg,
-O_ ljjfxdf u|fXo df; ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O{_ hGdnUg / hGd/flzb]lv ci6d:y nUg / gjdf+zflbdf ljjfx 5nkmn
lgif]w Pjd\ To;sf] kl/xf/
-p_ ljjfxdf u|fXo ltly, gIfq, jf/ / clelht\ gIfqsf] dfg
-pm_ ljjfxdf nUgz'l4 / nUgeª\u of]u
-C_ ljjfxsf nflu gjf+zz'l4 / nUgklqsf n]vg
-n[_ jw"k|j]z / lå/fudg d'x"t{
136
-P_ ljjfxkl5sf] jif{df kltu[xdf jf; ubf{ afg'{kg]{ dlxgf
-P]_ ckjfb;lxt ;Dd'v a'wz'j|mbf]if
%= hfts - -c_ Oi6sfn k|bz{g, cfudg, @% !%

hGd– klqsf -cf_ eoft, eef]u lgudg, JofVofg,
lgdf{0f_ ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ rGb|;lxt u|x:ki6Ls/0f / ;f/0fLaf6 nUg;fwg 5nkmn
-O{_ if8\ju{ kl/ro
-p_ lj+zf]Q/L, lqefuL, of]lugL, bzf–cGtb{zf / ;fdfGo hGdklqsf
lgdf{0f
^= hfts kmnfb]z -c_ efjsf] j[l4 / xflg, ;"of{lbu|xåf/f ljrf/ ul/g] ljifo k|bz{g, cfudg, @% !%
ljlw -cf_ åfbzefjaf6 ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ ljifo lgudg, JofVofg,
;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ åfbzefj:y k|To]s u|xsf] kmn 5nkmn
-O{_ lj+zf]Q/L / of]lugL bzfkmn
-p_ hftssf] :j¿k kl/1fg / gfnj]li7t of]u
-pm_ afnfl/i6ljrf/ / o;sf] ckjfb
-C_ dftf, lktf, dfdf, efOalxgL / :jod\ hftssf] cl/i61fg
& ;fd'lb|skmnfb] -c_ xft, uf]8f, d'v, lgwf/, ufnf, sfg, gfs, cfFvf, lrpF8f] / k|bz{g, cfudg, @% !)
z ljlw skfnsf] cfwf/df ul/g] kmnfb]z lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ uf]q, b|Jo, cfo', pmWj{, oz, ljBf, dftf, lktf, aGw', kTgL, efUo, ;d:of ;dfwfg,
;Gtfg, ofqf, dl0daGw /]vfsf cfwf/df ul/g] kmnfb]z 5nkmn
-O_ xftdf ePsf u|xx¿sf] :yfgfg';f/ kmnj0f{g
-O{_ xftuf]8fdf ePsf dLg, ds/, zª\v, kb\d, z}n, uh, /y, j[if,
rj|m, s"k, cf]vn, t/af/, cª\s'z, wg'af0f, 5ftf, rd/,
137
ojdfnfsf] cfwf/df ul/g] kmnfb]z
hDdf !%) !))
138
!= k~rfª\u 1fg -c_ knef, cIff+z, b]zfGt/, j|mflGt, cogf+z / r/sf] k|bz{g, cfudg, !% !)
;fdfGo kl/ro lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ g]kfndf k|rlnt k~rfª\usf] cfwf/df ;+jT;/ ;d:of ;dfwfg,
kmn, ;ª\j|mflGt kmn, d]if, ljif'jTkmn / u|x0fkmn 5nkmn
-O_ d]ifflb/flzsf] 3ftltly, 3ftjf/, 3ftgIfq, 3ftof]u
/ 3ftrGb|sf] 1fg / o;sf] k|of]u
-O{_ cz'e u|xsf] kl/xf/sf nflu /Tgwf/0f, u|xx¿sf]
hk, k"hfkf7 / bfg
-p_ uf]r/sf cfwf/df JolStljz]ifsf] kmn ljj]rgf
@= ofqf k|s/0f -c_ ofqfdf ltly / gIfq z'l4 k|bz{g, cfudg, !% !)
-cf_ jf/, gIfq, ltly / lbSz"n1fg / rGb|sf cfwf/df lgudg, JofVofg,
bf]if kl/xf/ ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ ofqfdf z'efz'e nUg 5nkmn
-O{_ ofqfsf nflu ltly, jf/, gIfq, lbzfsf] bf]xb 1fg
#= jf:t' k|s/0f -c_ ufp“sf] z'efz'eTj sfls0fL ljrf/ / e"ldsf] k|bz{g, cfudg, #) @)
z'efz'eTj lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ u[xjf:t'sf cfwf/df sfo{ ljz]iffg';f/ lgwf{/0f ;d:of ;dfwfg,
ug'{kg]{ :yfg ljz]if lgwf{/0f /Llt 5nkmn
-O_ 3/sf] cfo 1fg / To;sf] cfwf/df åf/ 1fg /Llt
-O{_ nUgz'l4;lxt u[xf/De d'x"t{ / j[ifjf:t' rj|m
-p_ u[xf/Dedf TofHoljifo
-pm_ u[xf/Dedf /fx'd'v 1fg /Llt
-C_ u[xk|j]zsf nflu z'ed'x"t{, nUgz'l4 / snz rj|m
-n[_ jfd;"o{ nIf0f, o;sf] k|of]hg / zs'g 1fg
139
$= k|Zgzf:q -c_ k|ZgnUgsf cfwf/df pQ/ lbFbf hfGg'kg]{ d'Vo k|bz{g, cfudg, @) !%
cfwf/x¿, h:t} M r/, l:y/ /flz, k|Zgfg';f/ lgudg, JofVofg,
ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ efj, efjsf] xflg / j[l4, u|xsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg,
:j¿k, pRr, gLr, :jux / /flzsf] lbzf cflb 5nkmn
-cf_ dnfO{ cfh s] x'g]5 eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/
-O_ d]/f] of] jif{ s:tf] 5 eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/
-O{_ sfd ubf{ l;l4 k|fKt x'g] 5 jf x'g] 5}g eGg]
k|Zgsf] pQ/
-p_ k|Zgfg';f/ /f]uLsf] kL8f / /f]usf] sf/0f atfpg]
tl/sf
-pm_ x/fPsf] j:t', wft' d"n hLjdWo] s] xf] egL 1fg
ug]{ tl/sf
-C_ x/fPsf] j:t' rfl/Psf] eP rf]/sf] j0f{ hft, pd]/,
:yfg, b'/L, rf]/sf] :j¿k, ;ª\Vof, :qL, k'?if,
afns hfGg] tl/sf / nfefnfe 1fg /Llt
-n[_ ljjfxljifos k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg] ljlw
-P_ k|Zgstf{n] of] ljifosf] k|Zg ;f]Wg nfu]sf] xf] egL
hfGg] tl/sf
-P]_ ule{0fLaf6 k'q jf k'qL s] hGdg]5 egL hfGg] ljlw
-cf]_ k/b]z:y /f]uLsf] l:ylt 1fg /Llt
-cf}_ k|jf;Lsf] cfudg sfn 1fg /Llt
-c+_ d'i7Lut j:t' 1fg /Llt
%= tflhs -c_ jif{nUg ;f/0fLsf cfwf/df jif{k|j]z ;do 1fg / k|bz{g, cfudg, #) @)
-jif{kmn_ jif{ nUg ;fwg /Llt lgudg, JofVofg,
-cf_ k~rflwsf/L 1fg, o;sf] k|of]hg, jif]{z lg0f{o / ;d:of ;dfwfg,
jif]{zsf cfwf/df kmnfb]z ug]{ ljlw 5nkmn
-O_ lqktfsL rj|mfg';f/ kmnfb]z ug]{ /Llt
-O{_ lq/flzklt 1fg / o;sf cfwf/df ul/g] kmnfb]z
140
-p_ d'Gyf 1fg / o;sf] kmn
-pm_ lj+zf]Q/L / of]lugL d'2f bzsf cfwf/df ul/g]
kmnfb]z
^= hfts -c_ r/, j]nfGt/ / b]zfGt/ ;+:s[t Oi6sfn ;fwg k|bz{g, cfudg, @% !%
-hGd– klqsf -cf_ gIfq 6'6]sf] / j[l4 ePsf] cj:yf;d]tsf] eoft, lgudg, JofVofg,
lgdf{0f_ eef]u ;fwg ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O_ :j]i6sflns rGb|;lxt ;"of{lb u|xsf] :ki6Ls/0f, 5nkmn
nª\sf]bo wfg, :jb]zf]bo1fg / /fZo'bosf
cfwf/df nUg;fwg /Llt
-O{_ gtf]Ggtsfn 1fg / bzdnUg ;fwg /Llt
-p_ ;;lGw åfbzefj ;fwg /Llt
-pm_ e'Stf]g of]lugL lj+zf]Q/L bzf lgb]{zg;lxtsf]
hGdklqsf lgdf{0f
&= kmnfb]z ljlw -c_ hftsf] bL3{dWofNkfo'bfo 1fg /Llt k|bz{g, cfudg, !% !)
-cf_ cgkmf, ;'gkmf, b'?w/f of]usf] nIf0f / kmn lgudg, JofVofg,
-O_ låu|x, lqu|x of]ukmn / u|xb[li6kmn ;d:of ;dfwfg,
-O{_ gjdf+zkmn, :jIf]qut / pRr gLrut u|xkmn 5nkmn
tyf /fhof]ukmn
-p_ bnof]u / cfs[lt of]usf cfwf/df ul/g] kmnfb]z
-pm_ :qLsf] hGds'08nLaf6 :qLsf] ;f}efUo / kltsf]
:j¿k 1fg Pjd\ hLljsf cflbsf] 1fg /Llt
hDdf !%) !))
141
kmlnt Hof]ltif ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt /
:yfgLo kl/j]zsf cfwf/df ljleGg ljlwx¿ k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;j{k|yd o;
kf7\ok':tsdf k|of]u x'g] ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u, s/0f, eb|f, cog, Ct', df; cflbsf]
kl/ro u/fpg'k5{ . k|rlnt g]kfnL k~rfª\ucg';f/ u|xx¿sf] pbo, c:t, jj|mL,
dfuL{, u|x a;]sf] /flz, rf8, kj{ / ;ª\j|mflGtsf] sfn1fg ug]{ cfwf/x¿ b]vfO{ ;–
;fgf k|Zg u/L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ nufpg'k5{ . u|x :ki6Ls/0f, nUg;fwg,
nUgaf6 sfn1fg ug]{ / nUgklqsf tof/ ug]{ ljlwx¿nfO{ lj|mofTds ¿kdf ug]{ /
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg o:t} lj|mofsnfk ug{ nufpg'k5{ . eu0f, /flz, c+z, snf,
ljsnfsf] kl/ro lbO{ ltgsf] ul0ftLo k|lj|mof b]vfpg'k5{ / ljBfyL{nfO{ ;–;fgf k|Zg
u/L ltgsf] kl/df0f lgZro ug{ nufpg'k5{ . o; sfo{df 36L knfsf] klg
Jofjxfl/s pbfx/0f lbg' pko'St x'G5 . ;s];Dd ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL
u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO k|lj|mof ;~rfng ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 . o; ljifosf nflu k|Zgf]Q/,
5nkmn, k|jrg, ;d:of ;dfwfg, cGj]if0f, vf]h cg';Gwfgh:tf k|rlnt ljlwx¿
k|of]u ug'{ pko'St x'G5 . o;y{ kmlnt Hof]ltif lzIf0f ubf{ plNnlvt ljlwsf ;fy}
lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df Wofg lbg' pko'St x'G5 M
 sIff k|f/De ug'{cl3 lzIfsn] jflif{s / b}lgs kf7of]hgf tof/ u/L lzIf0f
sfo{sf] tof/L ug'{kb{5 .
 sIffdf lgoldt¿kdf k|Zgf]Q/, ljdz{ / n]vgfEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
 kf7sf] ljifo k|s[ltcg';f/ ;:j/ cyjf df}gjfrg u/fpg] / ;+:s[tdfWodaf6
pQ/ lbg] cEof; u/fpg'kb{5 .
 eoft, euf]u, u|x :ki6Ls/0f, k|yd nUg;fwg, bzf;fwg, s'08nLlgdf{0f cflb
Jofjxfl/s ljifok|lt 5fq5fqfx¿sf] jf:tljs clej[lQ hfu[t u/fO{ bIftf
xfl;n u/fpg ljleGg l:yltsf k|z:t pbfx/0fx¿sf] ul0ft ug]{ /
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg ul0ft ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
 hftszf:q;DaGwL ul0ft ubf{ klxn] Znf]sfTds ;"qcg';f/ ul0ft ug]{ /
ljBfyL{x¿ s]xL dfqfdf cEo:t ePkl5 ToxL ul0ftnfO{ cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df
cEof; u/fO{ ;"qut wf/0ffnfO{ b[9 u/fpg'k5{ .
 gd'gf hGdklqsf tof/ u/L kmnfb]z ug]{ / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg kmnfb]z ug{
nufpg'k5{ .
 kmnfb]z /Lltsf] lzIf0f ubf{ ljifosf] k7gkf7g u/fPkl5 cfbz{jfrg u/L
5fqx¿åf/f cg'jfrg u/fO{ u[xsfo{ lbg'kb{5 .
 lzIf0f ubf{ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;Sbf] ;xefuL u/fpg'k5{ . cyf{t\ Znf]s jf uBsf]
cfbz{jfrg lzIfsn] u/]kl5 ljBfyL{nfO{ To:t} jfrg ug{ nufpg'kb{5 / uNtL
u/]sf] 7fp“df z'4 ug{ ;xof]u ug{'kb{5 .
141
 k|Zgx¿ ;/n ;f]Wg'k5{ . l;sfO ;/naf6 hl6nlt/ cled'v x'g] ePsfn]
j|mdzM ljBfyL{sf] k"j{1fgsf] cfwf/df dfq nfdf k|Zgf]Q/ u/fpg'k5{ .
 ljlzi6 Znf]ssf] cy{ elglbg'k5{ / eGg nufpg'k5{ .

cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s b'j} ¿kn] lzIf0f pknlAwnfO{ dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ub}{
hfg'k5{ . o:tf] d"Nofª\sg cWoogs} j|mddf df}lvs ¿kn] / kf7 tyf PsfOsf]
cGtdf lnlvt ¿kdf lng'k5{ . df}lvs tyf lnlvt k/LIffsf dfWodn] kf7PsfO /
k|s/0fut ¿kdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] pknlAw dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ . kf7\oj|mdåf/f
lglb{i6 p2]Zo k|flKt eP–gePsf] s'/f d"Nofª\sgaf6} yfxf kfOg] ePsfn] kf7\oj|mdn]
tf]s]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ljifoj:t'nfO{ ;d]l6g] u/L k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . o;sf] nflu
ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf / gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tM cfwf/ agfpg'kg]{
x'G5 . d"Nofª\sg ubf{, eflifs z'4tf, ljifoj:t' / k|ltkfbg z}nLnfO{ ljz]if Wofg
lbg'k5{ .
o;y{ kf7\oj|mdn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf p2]Zocg'¿k ljBfyL{n] 1fg, ;Lk tyf clej[lQ k|fKt
ug{ ;s] jf ;s]gg\ eGg] s'/f kQf nufpg] dxTjk"0f{ ;+oGq d"Nofª\sg xf] . ljBfyL{sf]
;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . z'Snoh'j]{b ljifodf
ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
• kf7\oj|mdl;t ;Da4 d'x"t{zf:qsf Znf]sx¿nfO{ sYo ljifo :ki6 x'g] u/L j0f{g
ug{ nufpg], efj :ki6 ug{ nufpg], kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f / cy{
n]Vg nufpg] .
• ltly, jf/, gIfq, of]u s/0fsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro / logLx¿sf] 5'6\6f5'6\6} gfd
tyf k|of]hg eGg / n]Vg nufpg] .
142
• k|rlnt g]kfnL k~rfª\usf cfwf/df j|t, kj{ ;+jT;/, u|xa;]sf] /flz u|xsf]
pbo, c:t, jj|mL, dfuL{ ceLi6 lbgsf] ltly / gIfqsf] ;dflKtsfn n]Vg,
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ u[xsfo{ lbg] .
• g]kfnL k~rfª\usf cfwf/df 5fqf5fx¿nfO{ ceLi6sflns u|x:ki6 / nUg;fwg
u/fpg] .
• s'g} hftssf] lglZrt hGd ldlt / hGd ;dosf] cfwf/df s0f{ j]w,
cGgk|fzg, r"8f, j|ta|Gw, ljjfx cflb ;+:sf/sf nflu / ofqf tyf cGo
z'es[Tosf nflu cfjZos z'e d'x"t{sf] lbg / ;do ls6fg ug{ nufpg] .
• j|taGw / ljjfxsf nflu gjdf+z lgwf{/0f u/L nUg klqsf n]Vg nufpg] .
143
P]lR5s cyj{j]b
-;+:s[t tyf j]bljBf>d dfWolds ljBfno _
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;gftg wd{sf cg'ofoL k"jL{o ljåfg\x¿n] j]bnfO{ ;[li6 k|k~rsf] klxnf] jf0fLsf
¿kdf l:jsf/]sf 5g\ . dg'n] j]bnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ wd{x¿sf] d"n ;|f]t dfGb} ;du| hut\sf]
wf/0f kf]if0fflb sfo{ klg j}lbs zAb/flzaf6} x'g] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . jt{dfg
kl/k|]Iodf klg j]bnfO{ g} ljZjsf] k|rLgtd u|Gysf ¿kdf l:jsfl/Psf] x'“bf dfgj
hfltsf] k|frLgtd :j¿k / ;+:s[ltsf] 1fg ub}{ dfgjLo ;Eotfsf] ljsf; j|md a'‰g
j]bsf] cg'zLng cToGt cf}lrTok"0f{ b]lvG5 . oxL tYonfO{ a'e]m/ y'k|} klZrdL
ljåfg\x¿n] ;d]t j}lbs jfª\dosf] cg'zLngdf cfk\mgf] hLjg pT;u{ ul/;s]sf
5g\ . ljZje/ rf/} j]bsf] cWoog–cg';Gwfg ug]{ u/fpg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf
ul/;s]sf] ;Gbe{df g]kfndf klg To;sf nflu cfjZos hgzlSt pTkfbg ug]{ s]Gb|
d"ntM ;+dflj tyf u'?s"n ;+dflj g} ePsfn] o;df rf/} j]bsf] cWoog–cWofkg x'g
h?/L 5 .
j]bsf] cWoog kf/Dkl/s / cg';GwfgfTds u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf] x'g] u5{ . ;fdfGotM
zf:qL txb]lv cg'–;GwfgfTds cWoogsf] k|f/De x'G5 eg] pQ/dWodf tx;Ddsf]
cWoognfO{ kf/Dkl/s dfGg ;lsG5 . kf/Dkl/s cWoog eg]sf] lglZrt pd]/ /
cfr/0fdf /x]sf ljBfyL{x¿n] lglZrt cfr/0fsf] kfngf u/]sf u'?sf d'vaf6
lglZrt ;do / :yfgdf a;]/ ul/g] ;+lxtf, a|fx\d0f cflb j}lbs u|Gyx¿sf] cWoog
xf] . k'/f0f, dxfef/tflb u|Gyx¿sf] cWoog ?lr / Ifdtf ePdf cfk}m klg ug{
;lsG5 t/ j}lbs ;+lxtfx¿sf] cWoog cfk“}m ug{ x'“b}g . o;f] u/]df zf:qLo
dof{bfsf] pNnª\3g x'g hfG5 . ;+lxtf, kb, j|md / h6flb ci6 ljs[ltx¿sf] kf7 jf
pRrf/0f ug]{ k/Dk/f cgflbsfnb]lv g} rNb} cfPsf] / k|To]s j]bsf k|To]s zfvfsf]
pRrf/0f ug]{ k/Dk/f klg k[ys\ k[ys\ /x]sf] x'gfn] u'?d'vljgfsf] j]bfWoogdf 7Ls
:j/ / ;d'lrt pRrf/0fsf] sNkgf klg ug{ ;ls“+b}g .
Cs\, oh'M, ;fd / cyj{ u/L j]bx¿sf] j|mlds kl/u0fg ubf{ clewfgsf b[li6n] rf}yf],
dGq ;ª\Vofsf b[li6n] bf];|f], ljifo j}ljWo, Jofjxfl/s pkof]lutf / gfdafx'Nosf
b[li6n] klxnf] :yfg u|x0f ug]{ j]b cyj{j]b xf] . o;sf] dxŒj, ljz]iftf / pkof]lutf
wd{, cy{, sfd / df]If¿kL k'?iffy{ rt'i6o;“u ;DalGwt ;a} ljifox¿df lglxt 5 .
cyj{j]bdf zf:qLo b[li6n] wd{sf] aLh, bz{gsf] lj:tf/ / cWofTdtŒjsf] lj:t[t
dLdf+;f pknAw x'G5 eg] ;dfhzf:qLo cfwf/df ;dLIff ubf{ /fhgLlt, cy{zf:q,
cfo'j]{b, wd{zf:q, dgf]lj1fg, sfdzf:q, st{Jof]kb]z, cfrf/lzIffh:tf ljifox¿sf]
ljk'n e08f/ o;df /x]sf] 5 . o;/L ;dfhsf] Joli6 / ;dli6 kIfsf] tflŒjs
ljj]rg, ljifosf] ljljwtf, :y"nb]lv ;"Idtd tŒjsf] ljZn]if0f, zf:qLo ljifo;“u
Jofjxfl/stfsf] pkb]z x'g' cyj{j]bsf] d'Vo ljz]iftf xf] .
o:tf] dxŒjzfnL j]bsf gf} zfvfdWo] xfn lkKknfb / zf}gs u/L @ zfvfdfq pknAw
5g\ . To;df klg xfn cWoog–cWofkgdf /x]sf] Psdfq zfvf zf}gs;+lxtf ePsfn]
144
k|:t't kf7\oj|md klg cyj{j]bsf] zf}gs zfvf;“u} ;DalGwt 5 . zf}gs ;+lxtfsf]
ljefhg sf08, k|kf7s, cg'jfs, ;"St / dGq jf Crfx¿df ul/Psf] 5 . o;df @)
sf08, #^ k|kf7s, !!! cg'jfs, &#) ;"St / %(*& dGqx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . df= lj=
txdf dfq cyj{j]bsf ;a} ;"St / dGqx¿sf] cWoog ;Dej gx'g] ePsfn] k|:t't
kf7\oj|mddf k|yd sf08b]lv rt'y{ sf08;Ddsf ;"St / dGqx¿ dfq ;dfj]z
ul/Psf 5g\ . % b]lv @) sf08;Ddsf dGqx¿sf] cWoog pRr dfWolds txdf
;DkGg x'g] ePsfn] pSt kf7\oj|md;“u ;fd~h:o x'g] u/L of] kf7\oj|md lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] 5 . o; cltl/St ;+lxtfsf] cWoog;“u} ;DalGwt j]bsf lzIffu|Gysf]
cWoog klg cfjZos ePsfn] cyj{j]bsf] ‘df08"sL lzIff’nfO{ klg o;} kf7\oj|mddf
;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

P]lR5s cyj{j]b ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5
!= cyj{j]bsf] zf}gs zfvfsf] cWoog k/Dk/fnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{,
@= cyj{j]bLo k/Dk/fcg'¿k dGqx¿sf] ;:j/ z'4f]Rrf/0f ug{,
#= dGqx¿df /x]sf pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t :j/ tyf ltgsf e]bx¿ atfpg,
$= tLgcf]6} :j/sf pRrf/0fut leGgtf klxNofpg,
%= cyj{j]bLo dGqx¿nfO{ :j/ lgb]{zk"j{s z'4;“u n]Vg,
^= cyj{j]bLo df08"sL lzIffsf ljifox¿ a'‰g / ltgn] lgb]{z u/]sf lgodx¿sf]
kfngf ug{ .
-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff – (_
o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s cyj{j]b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿
!= kf7\of+zdf lglb{i6 d]wfhggflb kf}li6s ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= /St;|fj lg/f]wflb e}ifHo ;"St, :j:Toog ;"St / cfo'io ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ kf7
ug{,
#= j]gk|e[lt cfWoflTds ;"St, OGb|fUgL;DaGwL b}jt;"St / e}ifHo;"Stx¿nfO{
pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t :j/sf] klxrfg x'g] u/L s07:y ;'gfpg,
$= ljleGg k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u x'g] ceo;"St, zflGts ;"St / kf}li6s
;"Stx¿ ;:j/ s07:y kf7 ug{,
%= /fHozf;g;“u ;DalGwt ;]gf ;+df]xgflb ;"Stx¿nfO{ tLg} :j/sf] :ki6
klxrfg x'g] u/L s07:y ;'gfpg,
^= tLg j[lQ / ltgsf b]jtfsf] klxrfg ug{ tyf :j/sf rf/ e]b atfpg,
&= j]bfWoog ubf{ x:tk|bz{gsf lgodx¿ atfpg, x:tbf]if tyf j]bfWoog;DaGwL
lgodx¿ atfpg,
145
*= j]bfWoogdf dWod j[lQk|of]usf] lgod, j0ff]{Rrf/0f ug]{ z}nL, :j/;lGw,
j0ff]{Rrf/0fsf :yfgx¿, hfToflb :jl/tsf e]b tyf ltgsf nIf0fx¿ atfpg,
(= x|:j, bL3{ / Kn'tfg':jf/ atfpg .
o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s cyj{j]b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt
ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= kf7\of+zdf lglb{i6 s[lif;"St, jfl0fHo;"St, uf]i7;"St / zfnf;"Stk|e[lt
;DkT;'vflb ljifo;“u ;DalGwt ;"Stx¿nfO{ pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t :j/sf]
:ki6 klxrfg x'g] u/L s07:y ;'gfpg,
@= /lo;+jw{gflb ;d[l4;"St, k+';jg ;+:sf/;"St, ?b|;"St / ;f+dg:o ;"Stx¿
;:j/ s07:y kf7 ug{,
#= j]g;"St, lx/0oue{;"St, /fHofleif]s;"St / dl0faGwgflb ;"Stx¿nfO{
ljgfk':ts z'4f]Rrf/0fsf ;fy ;'gfpg,
$= j[li6, j?0f / kfkdf]rg ;"Stx¿, ;[li6ljifos jfS;"St, /fhsd{ljifos ;]gf
lg/LIf0f;"St, a|x\df}bg;"St / clUg;"Stx¿nfO{ ;a} :j/sf] :ki6 klxrfg x'g]
u/L s07:y atfpg,
%= rf/ ljj[lQsf nIf0f tyf pbfx/0f atfpg, kf“r :j/elStsf ;f]bfx/0f nIf0f
atfpg / pmidsf cf7 ultx¿sf] klxrfg ug{.
^= /ª\uj0f{sf] pRrf/0fljlw hfGg, låTjof]Uo j0f{x¿ lrGg, cWoogdf lglif4
r]i6fx¿ a'‰g tyf dfqf / lj/fdsf] lg¿k0f ug{,
&= ljBfyL{ wd{x¿sf] 1fg ug{, ljBf k|flKt, ljBf j[l4 / ljBf ljgfzsf x]t'x¿
a'emL ltgnfO{ Jojxf/df ;d]t ptfg{ .
146
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' kf7Øj:t' lzIf0fljlw kf7Øef/ k"0ff{°

!= d]wfhggflb cyj{j]b k|yd sf08sf !–!^ ;"Stx¿ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ @@ !%
kf}li6s ;"Stx¿ -s"n dGq– &$_ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
@= /Qm;|fjlg/f]wflb cyj{j]b k|yd sf08sf !&–#% kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ @@ !%
e}ifHo;"St, ;"Stx¿ -s"n dGq– &(_ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
:j:Toog /
cfo'io ;"Stx¿
#= j]gk|e[lt cyj{j]b låtLo sf08sf !–!$ ;"Stx¿ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ @@ !%
cfWoflTds ;"St, -s"n dGq– *!_ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
OGb|fUgL;DaGwL
b}jt;"St, cfo'io
/ e}ifHo ;"Stx¿
$= ceok|fKToflb cyj{j]b låtLo sf08sf !%–#^ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ @@ !%
zflGts / kf}li6s ;"Stx¿ -s"n dGq– !@^_ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
;"Stx¿
%= ;]gf;+df]xgflb cyj{j]b t[tLo sf08sf !–( ;"Stx¿ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ @@ !%
/fHozf;gljifos -s"n dGq– ^)_ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
;"Stx¿
147
^= df08"sL lzIff s_ tLg j[lQ / ltgsf b]jtf, s_ ;:j/jfrg, $) @%
-k"jf{4{ !–* v08_ v_ :j/sf rf/ k|sf/, v_ zAbfy{lzIf0f,
u_ x:tk|bz{gsf lgodx¿, u_ df}gjfrg,
3_ x:tbf]if, 3_ 5nkmn / k|Zgf]Q/,
ª_ j]bfWoogsf] lgod, ª_ JofVofg,
r_ x:t:j/lgb]{zsf] cfjZostf, r_ tflnsfåf/f :j/ / ltgsf e]b, j0ff]{Rrf/0fsf
5_ dWod j[lQk|of]usf] lgod, :yfg cflbsf] lzIf0f,
h_ j0ff]{Rrf/0fsf}zn,
5_ ljifosf] k|s[lt x]/L lrqk|bz{g, clego, cfbz{
´_ :j/;lGw, `_ j0f{:yfgu0fgf, pRrf/0f cflb ljleGg ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u u/L
6_ hfToflb :jl/tsf e]b / nIf0fx¿, cWoogdf ?lr / :ki6tf Nofpg] .
7_ x|:j, bL3{ / Kn'tfg':jf/sf] ljrf/ .
hDdf !%) !))
qm=;+= ljifoj:t' kf7Øj:t' lzIf0fljlw kf7Øef/ k"0ff{°
!= s[lif–jfl0fHo–uf]i7– cyj{j]b t[tLo sf08sf !)–!( ;"Stx¿ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ j}lbs @@ !%
zfnfk|e[lt -s"n dGq– *!_ k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
;DkT;'vflbljifos
;"Stx¿
@= /lo;+jw{gflb ;d[l4– cyj{j]b t[tLo sf08sf @)–#! ;"Stx¿ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ j}lbs @@ !%
;"St, k'+;jg;+:sf/– -s"n dGq– *(_ k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
;"St, ?b|;"St /
;f+dg:o ;"Stx¿
148
#= j]g;"St, lx/0oue{, cyj{j]b rt'y{ sf08sf !–!) ;"Stx¿ - kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ j}lbs @@ !%
/fHofleif]s / s"n dGq– &^_ k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
dl0faGwgflb ;"Stx¿
$= j[li6, j?0f / cyj{j]b rt'y{ sf08sf !%–!^ / @#–@( kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ j}lbs @@ !%
kfkdf]rg ;"Stx¿ ;"Stx¿ -s"n dGq– &$_ k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
%= ;[li6ljifos jfS;"St, cyj{j]b rt'y{ sf08sf #)–#^ / #( cf}+ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] cf1fg';f/ j}lbs @@ !%
/fhsd{ljifos ;"St k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
;]gflg/LIf0f, a|x\df}bg
/ clUg;"St
^= df08"sL lzIff s_ rf/ ljj[lQsf nIf0f tyf pbfx/0f, s_ ;:j/jfrg, $) @%
-pQ/f4{ (–!^ v08_ v_ kf“r :j/elQmsf nIf0f / pbfx/0f, v_ zAbfy{lzIf0f,
u_ pmidsf cf7 ultx¿, u_ df}gjfrg,
3_ /·j0ff]{Rrf/0fljlw, 3_ 5nkmn / k|Zgf]Q/,
ª_ låTjof]Uo @! j0f{x¿, ª_ JofVofg,
r_ cWoogdf lglif4 r]i6fx¿, r_ tflnsfåf/f :j/ / ltgsf e]b, j0ff]{Rrf/0fsf
5_ dfqflg¿k0f / lj/fdlg¿k0f, :yfg cflbsf] lzIf0f,
h_ ljBfyL{wd{x¿, 5_ ljifosf] k|s[lt x]/L lrqk|bz{g, clego, cfbz{
em_ ;'tLy{k|z+;f / s'tLy{lgGbf, pRrf/0f cflb ljleGg ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u u/L
`_ ljBfu|x0fsf pkfox¿, cWoogdf ?lr / :ki6tf Nofpg] .
6_ ljBf]kfh{gdf cof]Uo hgx¿,
7_ ljBfk|flKtsf x]t'x¿,
8_ cEof;k|z+;f,
9_ ljBfj[l4sf x]t'x¿,
0f_ ljBfljgfzsf sf/0fx¿ .
hDdf !%) !))\
149
k|frLgsfnb]lv g} j]b ljifosf] cfkm\g} df}lns ljlzi6 lzIf0f ljlwsf] k/Dk/f
!= lzIfsn] jflif{s lzIf0fof]hgf, sf08of]hgf, ;"Stof]hgf, dGqof]hgf / b}lgs
kf7of]hgf agfP/ lzIf0fsf nflu tof/ eO{ cfk"m sIffdf pkl:yt x'g'kb{5 .
@= ef]lnkN6 k9fpg] ;"St jf dGqx¿ lzIfsn] cl3Nnf] lbg g} u'?d'vk/Dk/fcg';f/
k9]sf] k|fdfl0fs / j}lbs k/Dk/fcg';f/ x'g] u/L tof/ ug'{kb{5 .
#= lzIfsn] ljBfyL{sf] :t/, pd]/, ?lr / Ifdtf a'emL tbg'¿k cWofkg ug'{kb{5 .
$= j]bsf] cWoogdf ljBfyL{nfO{ ?lr / cf:yf hufpg ;/n ¿kdf j]bsf] dxŒj
atfP/ pgLx¿df pTk|]/0ff / sf}t"xn hufpg'kb{5 .
%= j]b k9fpg] lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfr/0f, cfxf/ljxf/, kf]zfs cflb
zf:q;Ddt / Ps} lsl;dsf] x'g' cfjZos 5 .
^= j]bsf] cWofkg ubf{ a9LeGbf a9L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;+nUg u/fO{ pRrf/0fdf
Ps¿ktf Nofpg' h?/L 5 .
&= j]bsf] cWoog >'ltk/Dk/faf6 g} rNb} cfPsf] x'gfn] u'?n] dGqf]Rrf/0f u/]kl5
dfq lzion] pRrf/0f ug]{ k/Dk/f sfod /fVg'kb{5 .
*= slnnf ljBfyL{x¿df lzIfssf] ulx/f] k|efj kg]{ ePsfn] j}lbs k/Dk/fnfO{ /Iff
ug{ / u/fpg lzIfs ;w}+ ;r]t /x]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
(= lzIfsn] cyj{j]b ;+lxtfsf] lzIf0f ug'{eGbf klxnf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ pbfQ,
cg'bfQ, :jl/t :j/ / ltgsf e]bx¿sf] cyj{j]bLo k/Dk/fcg';f/ pRrf/0f ug]{
z}nL tyf x:tk|bz{gaf6 tL tL :j/x¿sf] ;ª\s]t ug]{ lgodx¿sf] ;}4flGts /
k|fof]lus 1fg sIffdf lbnfpg'kb{5 .
!)= lzIfsn] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ x|:j, bL3{ / Kn't cIf/x¿sf] lrgf/L u/fO{ ltgsf]
pRrf/0fut leGgtf;d]t :ki6;“u klxNofpg;Sg] agfpg'kb{5 .
!!= j|md;ª\Vof ( / !) sf] k|of]hgsf nflu lgDglnlvt k|lqmofx¿ ckgfpg'k5{—
150
-s_ lzIfsn] sfnf] kf6Ldf s'g} ;"Stsf s]xL Crf-dGq_–x¿ z'4;“u
n]lvlbg] / pQm Crfdf k|o'Qm ePsf :j/x¿ k':ts x]/]/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
g} eg{ nufpg] . :j/x¿ ebf{ uNtL ePdf cfk"mn] ;RofOlbg] .
-v_ el/Psf :j/x¿ s'g s'g x'g\ < egL ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f]Wg] / pgLx¿af6
7Ls pQ/ gcfPdf cfk"mn] atfOlbg] .
-u_ pQm Crf cfk"mn] ;:j/ pRrf/0f u/L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'gfpg] / To;df
k|of]u ePsf x|:j, bL3{ / Kn't cIf/x¿ s'g s'g x'g\ < egL
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;f]Wg] . cfjZos eP of] j|mdnfO{ af/Daf/ bf]xf]¥ofpg] /
w]/}k6s;Dd klg ljBfyL{x¿af6 ;xL pQ/ gcfPdf cfk"mn] ;xL pQ/
atfOlbg] .
-3_ o;kl5 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ x|:j, bL3{ / Kn't cIf/x¿sf] :ki6 klxrfg x'g]
u/L af/Daf/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug{ nufpg] / uNtL ePdf ;RofOlbg] .
-ª_ cIf/ jf dfqfsf] /fd|f] 1fg eO;s]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ dflys} ljlwaf6
:j/sf] pRrf/0f;DaGwL 1fg u/fpg] .
-r_ o;/L :j/ / dfqfsf] pRrf/0f;DaGwL /fd|f] 1fg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
eO;s]kl5 x:tk|bz{gaf6 tL tL :j/x¿sf] ;ª\s]t ug]{ lgod atfp“b}
:j/sf cfwf/df x:tk|bz{g u/]/ pQm Crfx¿ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'gfpg] .
-5_ To;kl5 cfk"m ljBfyL{x¿sf] aLrdf a;]/ cfkm\gf] dGqf]Rrf/0f /
x:tk|bz{g;“u} pgLx¿nfO{ klg dGqf]Rrf/0f / x:tk|bz{g ug{ lgb]{zg
lbg] . of] k|lqmof qm= ;+= !@ sf] lgodadf]lhd bf]xf]¥ofpg] .
!@= ;+lxtfsf s'g} klg ;"Stx¿sf] cEof; u/fp“bf cyj{j]b k9fpg] k/Dk/fut
z}nLnfO{ Wofg lb+b} lgDglnlvt k|lqmofx¿ ckgfpg'k5{ M
-s_ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfkm\g} cufl8 /fv]/ ;"Stsf k|To]s cw{r{nfO{ %÷%
k6s;Dd z'4 / :ki6;“u ;:j/ pRrf/0f ug{ lgb]{zg lbg] .
-v_ bf];|f]k6s klg oxL k|lqmofnfO{ bf]xf]¥ofpg] .
-u_ o;/L ;"Stsf k|To]s cw{r{sf] !)÷!) k6s pRrf/0f ul/;s]kl5
;"Stsf k|To]s CrfnfO{ dflys} k|lqmofcg';f/ %÷% k6s;Dd pRrf/0f
ug{ nufpg] .
-3_ of] k|lqmofnfO{ k'gM bf]xf]¥ofpg] .
-ª_ o;/L ;"Stsf k|To]s cw{r{ / Crfx¿sf] !) ± !) = @) k6s;Dd
pRrf/0f eO;s]kl5 dflys} k|lqmofcg';f/ k"/} ;"StnfO{ kf“rk6s;Dd
pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg'k5{ . of] k|lqmofnfO{ ‘;Gyf’ eGg] rng 5 .
!#= o;/L ;Gyf ;dfKt ePkl5 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lbOPsf ;"St jf Crfx¿ oxL
k|lj|mofcg';f/ ;:j/ s07:y u/L ef]lnkN6 sIffdf pkl:yt x'g lgb]{zg
lbg'k5{ .
151
!$= cl3Nnf] lbg ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ s07:y ug{ lbOPsf ;"St jf Crfx¿ ef]lnkN6
;fd"lxs ¿kdf / Psn ¿kdf ;d]t lzIfsn] pgLx¿af6 ;'Gg] ug'{k5{ .
!%= o;/L d"Nofª\sg ubf{ ljBfyL{x¿sf] :j/, pRrf/0f, x:tk|bz{g cflbdf Ps¿ktf
eP gePsf] /fd|/L lg/LIf0f ug'{kb{5 .
!^= df08"sL lzIffsf ljifox¿ l;sfp“bf ljifosf] k|s[lt x]/L sfnf] kf6Ldf tflnsf
agfP/, lrqx¿ sf]/]/, clego u/]/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cWoogdf ?lr k}bf x'g] u/L
lzIf0f ug'{kb{5 . o;sf ;fy} ;:j/jfrg, df}gjfrg, k|Zgf]Q/, 5nkmn cflb
ljleGg ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u u/L lbOPsf] lzIff ljBfyL{x¿df l:y/ x'ghfg] ePsfn]
o:tf] lzIf0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' cfjZos 5 .
!&= df= lj= txdf u/fOg] j]bfWoog k/Dk/fut dfq geP/ cf}krfl/s klg x'g]
ePsfn] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ j]bsf dGqx¿ s07 kfg'{sf ;fy} pQm dGqx¿nfO{ n]Vg]
cEof; klg u/fpg cTofjZos x'G5 . t;y{ x/]s lbg pgLx¿nfO{ dGq /
k9fPsf cGo ljifox¿sf] n]vg;DaGwL u[xsfo{ klg lbg] ug'{kb{5 .
;a} :t/nfO{ ;d]6]/ d"Nofª\sgsf ;fwgx¿ ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . cyj{j]b ljifodf
ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
@= o;n] u'?sf] cf1fnfO{ ljBfyL{n] kfng u/] gu/]sf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf
ug'{k5{ .
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
152
k|Zgf]Q/df ;xL pQ/ lbg] x'g'k5{ .
-v_ dGqx¿sf] x|:j, bL3{ / Kn'tnufot låTj k|tLsdGq cflb 7Ls 5g\ 5}gg\
eGg] k|Zg u/]/ .
153
P]lR5s Gofo
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
;+:s[t jfª\dodf Gofo bz{gsf] cfˆg} ljlzi6 klxrfg 5 . o;df k|ltkflbt
kbkbfy{x¿sf] 1fgn] c¿ bz{gx¿sf] af]w ug{ pNn]vgLo d2t ldN5 . t;y{ Gofo
j}z]lifs bz{gåf/f lgb]{lzt k|df0f k|d]osf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ub}{ pSt bz{gdf pRr
cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld tof/ ug]{ p2]Zon] k|:t't kf7\oj|md tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . o;df
kbfy{sf] k|ltkfbg / Gofoz}nLaf6 k|ToIf, cg'dfg, pkdfg, zAb / u'0fx¿sf] ;d]t
ljj]rg ul/Psf] 5 . JoflKt, x]Tjfef;, zfAbaf]w k|lj|mofsf] Gofoz}nLdf kl/isf/ /
pb\efjg Pjd\ kl/xf/sf] k|sf/ klg /fd|/L k|:t't ul/Psf w]/} ljifox¿ o;df
;dflji6 5g\ . o;af6 Gofo ljifo lnO{ cWoog ug{ rfxg] 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ /fd|f]
Jo'TklQ / kl/isf/ ug]{ Ifdtfsf] j[l4 x'g] p2]Zo /flvPsf] 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ j}z]lifs
bz{g jf cGo bz{g cWoog ug{ rfxg]x¿nfO{ ;d]t o;af6 kof{Kt nfe x'g] cfzf
klg /flvPsf] 5 . o; ljifosf] cWoog cWofkgkZrft\ ;Da4 ljifosf
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ :jtGq¿kdf tQTsIffdf lgwf{l/t kf7\of+znfO{ /fd|/L u|x0f ug{ ;lhnf]
x'gsf ;fy} ljBfyL{x¿ ;Da4 ljifodf ;'of]Uo / Jo'TkGg x'g ;Sg] 5g\ eGg] cfzf
/flvPsf] 5 .
;dofg's"n kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g ub}{ hfg', k7gkf7gsf] cfwf/df ljrf/ljdz{ u/L
cfjZos ;+zf]wg / kl/jt{gsf ;fy kf7\oj|mdnfO{ pkof]uL Pjd\ k|efjsf/L agfpg'
k5{ . of] lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|lj|mof klg xf] . t;y{ o;nfO{ kf7\oj|mdsf] df}lns
ljz]iftfsf ¿kdf l:jsfg{ ;lsG5 .
sIff !) df dfq cfwfl/t eP/ P;Pn;L k/LIff lng] lg0f{ocg'¿k P]lR5s Gofo
ljifosf] kf7\oj|mddf klg kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 . o; kf7\oj|mdsf] kl/dfh{g ubf{
lgDglnlvt a'“bfx¿df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 M
154
155
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
P]lR5s Gofo ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿
lgDglnlvt ljifodf ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= cfl:ts bz{gdf dª\unjfbsf] pkof]lutf / Gofo bz{g lglb{i6 cg'dfgsf]
cfwf/df O{Zj/ l;l4 ug{,
@= Gofo bz{gcg';f/ kbfy{x¿sf] ljefu a'‰g, b|JoTj hfltsf] l;l4 ug{ /
kbfy{x¿sf] ;fwDo{ tyf j}wDo{ 5'6\ofpg,
#= sf/0fsf] :j¿k a'‰g / To;sf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg,
$= k[lyjL cflbsf] ljljw nIf0f hfgL k[lyjLTj hnTjflb hflt l;4 ug{,
%= cfsfz, sfn / lbzfsf] :j¿k af]w u/L cfTdfsf] :j¿ksf] af]wsf ;fy}
cfTdTj hflt l;4 ug{,
^= a'l4, cg'e"lt / k|ToIf cflbsf] :j¿k af]w u/L ltgsf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg,
&= ;lGgsif{x¿sf] :j¿k a'emL pbfx/0f;lxt To;sf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg,
*= cg'ldlt / k/fdz{sf] :j¿k ljj]rg / kl/isf/ ub}{ sfo{sf/0ffefj lg¿k0f
ug{,
(= k""j{kIf JoflKt / l;4fGt JoflKtsf] nIf0f Pjd\ kl/isf/ ug{,
!)= kIftfsf] :j¿k a'emL kl/isf/ ug{,
!!= x]Tjfef;sf :j¿k af]w u/L pbfx/0f;lxt To;sf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg,
!@= pkdfgsf] :j¿k af]w u/L pkldlt :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{,
!#= zfAbaf]wsf] k|lj|mof a'emL To;sf] :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{,
!$= zlStu|fxs pkfox¿sf] lg¿k0f ug{,
!%= pbfx/0f;lxt kb / nIf0ffsf] :j¿k Pjd\ To;sf e]bx¿ atfpg,
!^= zfAbaf]wsf ;xsf/L sf/0fx¿ -cf;lQ, of]Uotf, cfsfª\Iff_ cflb atfpg,
!&= dgsf] :j¿k / u'0f;fdfGosf] :j¿k atfpg,
!*= ¿k/;flbsf] :j¿k, kLn'kfsflbjfbsf] lg¿k0f ck]Iffa'l4 kl/df0fflb ljleGg
u'0fx¿sf] ljj]rg ug{,
!(= Gofodtsf cfwf/df k|dfTjsf] :j¿k hfGg, JoflKt1fgsf sf/0f / pkflwsf]
:j¿k lgwf{/0f ug{,
@)= zAb tyf pkdfgnfO{ :jtGq k|df0fsf ¿kdf :yflkt ug{ / Jolt/]s JoflKtsf]
:j¿k atfpg'sf ;fy} cyf{klQ k|df0fsf] v08g ug{, ;+:sf/sf] :j¿kaf]w u/L
To;sf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg / cb[i6 Pjd\ zAbsf] :j¿k :ki6 kfg{ tyf To;sf
e]bx¿ lgwf{/0f ug{,
@!= Gofobz{gdf k|o'St k|s/0fut kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{1fg;lxt pkof]lutf
atfO{ k|of]u ug{ .
156
o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s Gofo ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt
ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= dª\unaf]ws sfl/sfx¿sf] JofVof ug{, Jo'TklQ ug{ / To;df ljBdfg bf]if
atfpg,
@= k"j{kIf / pQ/kIfsf] k|:t'ltåf/f dª\unfr/0fsf] lgikmntf / ;kmntf l;4 ug]{
cg'dfgsf] k|of]u ug{,
#= dª\unsf] ;kmntf;fws cg'dfg atfpg / k|frLg Pjd\ gjLgsf dtdf
To;sf] pkof]lutf atfpg,
$= O{Zj/l;l4 ug]{ cg'dfg k|:t't ug{ / To;df ;Tk|ltkIf bf]if b]vfO{ atfpg,
%= b|Joflb ;ft kbfy{x¿sf] klxrfg u/L To;sf] kl/u0fgf ug{,
^= ;k|df0f zlSt / ;fb[Zodf kbfy{Tjsf] cefj l;4 u/L Gofobz{g lglb{i6
cg'dfg k|lj|mofåf/f b|JoTj hflt l;4 ug{,
&= cGwsf/df b|JoTjsf] v08g u/L gf} b|Jox¿ dfq x'G5g\ eGg] Gofol;4fGt
k|lti7fkg ug{,
*= pbfx/0f;lxt hfltafwsx¿sf] :j¿k atfpg,
(= sd{, ;fdfGo / ljz]ifsf] :j¿k af]w u/L ltgsf e]bx¿ 5'6\ofpg,
!)= j:t'ut cfwf/df ;djfo ;DaGwsf] lgSof}{n u/L cg'dfgåf/f ;djfo l;4 ug{,
!!= j:t'ut cfwf/df cefjsf e]bx¿ atfpg / k/dt lg/fs/0fk"j{s cefjnfO{
:jtGq kbfy{ l;4 u/L To;sf] oyf]lrt k|of]u ug{,
!@= kfl/df08Noflb kbfy{sf] ljj]rg ug{ / To;df k|o'St kfl/eflifs zAbx¿
atfpg,
!#= sf/0fsf] :j¿ksf] af]w u/L pbfx/0f;lxt To;sf e]bx¿ k|of]u ug{,
!$= cGoyfl;l4sf] :j¿ksf] klxrfg u/L pbfx/0f;lxt To;sf e]bx¿ atfpg,
!%= b|Joflb kbfy{x¿sf] ;fwDo{ j}wDosf] ljZn]if0f ug{, bf]if b]vfpg, kl/xf/ ug{ /
kl/is[t nIf0fx¿sf] lgdf{0f ug{,
!^= k[lyjL hnflbsf e]bx¿sf] af]w ug{, ltgsf ljljw k|sf/sf nIf0fx¿sf]
lg¿k0f ug{ / hflt3l6t nIf0fx¿sf] klxrfg ug{,
!&= cg'dfgåf/f k[lyjLTj hnTjflb hfltx¿ l;4 ug{,
!*= ;k|df0f cjoj l;4 ug{ / 3|f0f]lGb|o /;g]lGb|oflbdf kfly{jTj, hnLoTjflb l;4
ug{ tyf To;sf] pkof]lutf atfpg,
!(= cfsfz, sfn / lbzfsf] :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{ / Gofo bz{g lglb{i6 ljlwn]
ltgLx¿sf] l;l4, ljj]rgf / ljZn]if0f ug{,
@)= cg'ej tyf cg'dfgåf/f cfTdfsf] :j¿ksf] lg¿k0f ug{, ljleGg dtfg';f/
cfTdfsf] ljj]rgf ug{ / z/L/flbb]lv leGg cfTdf l;4 ug{,
@!= cfTdTjhfltsf] l;l4k|lj|mof atfO{ To;sf] k|of]u ug{,
157
@@= pko'{St kf7\of+zx¿df k|o'St cfjZos / pkof]uL kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] af]w
ug{, k|s/0ffg';f/ To;sf] k|of]u ug{ .
o; sIffdf lgwf{l/t P]lR5s Gofo ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt
ljifoj:t'df ;dy{ x'g ;Sg] 5g\ M
!= a''l4, cg'ej, k|ToIf, cg'ldlt, pkldlt / zfAbaf]wsf nIf0fx¿ a'‰g, nIodf
;dGjo ug{ / cfjZos k/]df To;sf] ljz]iftf Pjd\ pkof]lutf atfpg,
@= Gofobz{gsf] cfwf/df 1fg;fdfGosf sf/0fx¿sf] ;+o'lSt lg¿k0f ug{, OlGb|osf]
nIf0fsf] af]w ug{ / tb\36s kbx¿sf] ;fy{So atfpg,
#= k|ToIfsf sf/0fx¿ atfpg,
$= pbfx/0f;lxt nf}lss ;lGgsif{sf e]bx¿ atfpg / nf}lss k|ToIfk|lt tL
;lGgsif{x¿sf] ckl/xfo{tf / pkof]lutf k|ltkfbg ug{,
%= cnf}lss ;lGgsif{sf] :j¿ksf] af]w ug{ / pbfx/0f;lxt ltgsf e]bx¿ lg¿k0f
ug{, cnf}lss ;lGgsif{sf] cf}lrTo / cfjZostfx¿ atfO{ To;sf] clgjfo{tf
l;4 ug{,
^= cg'ldltsf pkof]uL sf/0fx¿ ;dLIff ug{, cg'ldltk|lt 1fodfg lnª\udf
sf/0ftfsf] v08g ug{,
&= k/fdz{sf] :j¿ksf] lgwf{/0f ug{, nIodf ;dGjo ug{, cg'ldlt / k/fdz{sf]
sfo{sf/0fefjsf] ljj]rg / k|of]u ug{, cg'ldltsf k|lt k/fdz{nfO{ sf/0f l;4
ug{,
*= k"j{kIfLo JoflKtsf] nIf0f / nIodf ;dGjo ug{, nIf0f36s kbx¿sf]
pkof]lutf b;f{pg, ljleGg :yndf bf]if b]vfO{ kl/xf/ ug{, nIf0fdf ;DaGw wd{
cflbsf] lgj]z u/L kl/xf/ ug{, nIf0fdf ;DaGw wd{ cflbsf] lgj]z u/L nIf0f
kl/isf/ ug{, lglb{i6 kbsf] cfjZostfx¿ / ;fy{So b]vfpg, k""j{kIfLo JoflKt
nIf0fnfO{ kl/Tofu ug'{df s] sf/0f xf], To;sf] pQ/ lbg,
(= l;4fGt JoflKtsf] nIf0f atfpg / nIodf ;dGjo ug{, To;sf] kl/isf/ ug{,
To;df 36skbx¿sf] cf}lrTo atfpg, ljleGg sf]0faf6 nIf0fsf] JofVof /
kl/isf/ ug{, To;df k|o'St k|ltof]lutf, cjR5]bx¿ cflb kfl/eflifs kbx¿sf]
cy{ / cfzo :ki6 kfg{, l;4fGt JoflKtsf] lglb{i6:j¿k lglZrt u/L j:t'ut
ljj]rg / k|of]u ug{,
!)= kIftfsf] :j¿ksf] af]w ug{, nIf0f 36skbx¿sf] ;DaGw / ;+of]hg ;'lglZrt
ug{, s'g kbfy{sf] ;DaGw s'g;“u ug]{, To;sf] j:t'ut lgSof}{n ug{,
l;iffwloiffdfq kIftf x'g g;Sg] ljifonfO{ ;k|df0f atfpg, cg'ldltsf k|lt
l;l4 k|ltalGwsf x'G5 eGg] ljifonfO{ pbfx/0f / cg'ejsf cfwf/df k|dfl0ft
ug{ / kIftfsf] kl/is[t :j¿kf lglZrt ug{,
!!= x]Tjfef;sf] nIf0f / e]b atfpg, nIodf ;dGjo ug{, k|ltaWo k|ltaGwsejsf]
tfTko{ atfpg, x]Tjfef; nIf0fdf 36skbx¿sf] pkoflutf / cf}lrTo :yflkt
ug{, ljleGg sf]0faf6 To;sf] k|efjzfnL kl/isf/ ug{, nf]szf:qdf
x]Tjfef;1fgsf] cfjZostfx¿ / pkof]lutf atfpg, To;sf e]b, pke]bx¿sf]
ljj]rg ug{, k|To]s x]Tjfef;sf] :j¿k to ug{ / ;dGjo ug{, ;j{;fwf/0f
uDo pbfx/0fåf/f x]Tjfef;sf] :j¿knfO{ atfpg / bf]if s;/L tŒjlg0f{odf
pkof]uL x'g ;S5 eGg] ljifonfO{ j:t'ut cfwf/df l;4 ug{,
158
!@= pkldltsf j|mdut pkof]uL sf/0fx¿ atfpg / pkdfg / pkldltsf] tflTjs
e]b 5'6\ofpg
!#= zfAbaf]wsf j|mdut k|lj|mofx¿ s]nfpg, zfAbaf]wsf] k|sf/ lgSof}{n ug{,
kb1fg, kbfyf]{kl:ylt / zfAbaf]wsf] cfk;L ;DaGw ;'lglZrt ug{, zlStu|fxs
pkfox¿ pbfx/0f;lxt ;Demg / ltgLx¿sf] zfAba]fwdf pkof]lutf l;4 ug{,
pbfx/0f;lxt kb tyf nIf0fsf] :j¿ksf] k|efjsf/L JofVof ug{,
!$= zfAbaf]wsf ;xof]uL sf/0fx¿ pbfx/0f;lxt lg¿k0f ug{ / To;df k|o'St
kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{af]w ug{,
!%= cg'dfg k|df0fåf/f dgsf] l;l4 ug{, dgdf k|df0f;lxt c0f'Tjsf] l;l4 /
lje'Tjsf] v08g ug{,
!^= u'0fsf] :j¿k lgSof}{n ug{, d"t{, cd"t{, peoj[lQ, cg]sfl>t, ljz]if, ;fdfGo,
åLlGb|ou|fxØ, Ps}s]lGb|ou|fxØ, ctLlGb|o, sf/0faf6 pTkGg, sd{hGo, cJofKoj[lQ
cflb ljleGg k|s[ltsf u'0fx¿ atfpg / k|of]u ug{,
!&= ¿k/;flbsf] :j¿ksf] j0f{g ug{, kfshu'0fx¿ 5'6\ofpg, sfl/sfsf] cfwf/df
kLn'kfsflbsf] kl/ro atfpg,
!*= ;ª\Vof, ck]Iffa'l4, kl/0ffd, ;+of]u, ljefu, k/Tj, ck/Tj, a'l4, ;+zo cflbsf]
:j¿ksf] af]w ug{ / To;sf e]bx¿ pbfx/0f;lxt atfO{ k|of]u ug{,
!(= k|df, ck|df cflbsf] :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{ / Gofo l;4fGtcg'';f/ k|dfTj :jtf]
u|fxØ lsg x''Gg pko'St ts{åf/f l;4 ug{,
@)= JoflKtu|xsf sf/0fx¿sf] lg¿k0f ug{, pkflwsf] :j¿k :ki6 u/L To;sf e]b
pke]bx¿ s]nfpg, cg'dfgsf e]bx¿sf] lg¿k0f / Jolt/]s JolKtsf] :j¿ksf]
lgwf{/0f ug{, Gofol;4fGtfg';f/ cyf{klQ k|df0fsf] v08g ug{,
@!= ;'v, b'Mv, OR5f, lrsLiff{, å]if, u'?Tj, b|jTj, cb[i6 cflbsf] kl/efiff atfO{
ltgsf k|sf/x¿ pbfx/0f;lxt k|of]u ug{,
@@= pko''{St kf7\of+zx¿df k|o'St cfjZos / pkof]uL kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] atfO{
k|s/0ffg';f/ ltgLx¿sf] k|of]u ug{ .
159
j|m= ;+= k|s/0f j|md / ljifout If]q lzIf0f ljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= dª\unjfb / O{Zj/l;l4 k|s/0f JofVofg sfnf]kf6L, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
s_ dª\un Znf]sx¿ k||Zgf]Q/ lrq, zAbkQL
v_ dª\unjfb 5nkmn
u_ dª\unlgikmnTj;fws cg'dfg cfudg
3_ ;kmnTj;fws cg'dfg
ª_ O{Zj/;fws cg'dfg
r_ ;Tk|ltkIfbf]if / kl/xf/
@= kbfy{ lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, @@ @)
s_ kbfy{ljefhs sfl/sf k||Zg]fQ/ lrq, zAbkQL, kbfy{,
v_ kbfy{ljefhs d'StfjnL efu 5nkmn b|Jo cflbsf] ;"rL cGo
u_ zlSt;fb[Zo ljrf/ pkof]uL ;fdu|L
3_ b|JoTjhfltl;l4 ljrf/
ª_ hfltafws lg¿k0f
r_ u'0fljefhs sfl/sf
5_ sd{ljefhs sfl/sf
h_ ;fdfGonIf0f ljrf/
em_ ljz]iflg¿k0f
`_ ;djfolg¿k0f
6_ cefjlg¿k0f
#= ;Kt kbfy{ ;fwDo{ lg¿k0f cfudg, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, & %
s_ ;Kt kbfy{;fwDo{ sfl/sf lgudg, zAbkQL, cy{kQL
v_ d'StfjnLdf ;Kt kbfy{;fwDo{ k|Zgf]Q/,
ljrf/ 5nkmn
u_ b|Joflb kf“r efjkbfy{;fwDo{ ljrf/
3_ kfl/df08No kbfy{ ljrf/
159
$= sf/0f lg¿k0f / cGoyfl;l4 lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
s_ sf/0f:j¿kk|ltkfbs sfl/sf k||Zgf]Q/ sf/0fsf e]b;"rL, nIf0f
v_ sf/0fe]bk|ltkfbs sfl/sf 5nkmn / pbfx/0fsf] ;"rL cflb
u_ d'StfjnLdf sf/0f nIf0f ljrf/ cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
3_ ;djfoL sf/0f ljrf/
ª_ c;djfoL sf/0f ljrf/
r_ lgldQ sf/0f ljrf/
5_ cGoyfl;l4 af]ws sfl/sf
h_ cGoyfl;l4sf pbfx/0faf]ws sfl/sfx¿sf
ljrf/
em_ pbfx/0f;lxt cGoyfl;l4sf]
ljrf/ d'StfjnLdf
%= k|To]s b|Jou'0fflb ;fwDof{lb lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, @& !%
s_ b|Jo, u'0f, sd{x¿sf] / lgTo clgTob|Jox¿sf] k||Zg]fQ/ lrq, zAbkQL, kbfy{,
ljrf/ 5nkmn b|Jo cflbsf] ;"rL, cGo
v_ k[lyjL cflb gf} b|Josf] ;fwDo{ pkof]uL ;fdu|L
u_ k[lyjL cflb kf“r b|Jox¿sf]
;fwDo{ ljrf/
3_ sfn, cfsfz, cfTdf, lbzf,
k[lyjL cflb kf“r e"t
b|Jox¿sf] ;fwDo{ ljrf/
ª_ cfsfz / cfTdfsf] ;fwDo{
r_ k[lyjL, hn, t]h cflbsf] ;fwDo{ ljrf/
5_ e"tju{sf] ;fwDo{ ljrf/
h_ :kz{ cflb u'0fx¿ s'g s'g b|Jodf /xG5g\ eGg]
ljifosf] sfl/sfx¿åf/f k|ltkfbg
160
^= k[lyjL hn t]h jfo' lg¿k0f k|s/0f cfudg, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, #@ @)
s_ k[lyjLnIf0f ljrf/ lgudg, cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
v_ k[lyjLTjhflt;fws cg'dfg k|Zgf]Q/, ;"rL
5nkmn
u_ kfiff0fdf uGwl;l4
3_ k[lyjLsf ljljw nIf0fx¿
-hflt3l6t nIf0fx¿_ ljrf/
ª_ nIf0f36s kbx¿sf] ;fy{So
ljrf/, clgTo k[lyjL /
To;sf e]bx¿
r_ cjojdf k|df0ff]k:Yffkg
5_ z/L/Tj hflt gx'g'df o'lSt
h_ 3|f0f]lGb|odf kfly{jTjsf] l;l4
em_ hnnIf0f ljrf/
`_ hnTjhfltl;l4
6_ hndf dfw'o{sf] l;l4
7_ t]hsf] nIf0f
8_ t]h:jhfltsf] l;l4
9_ ;'j0f{df t]h:Tj l;l4
161
0f_ jfo'nIf0f ljrf/
t_ jfo'Tj l;l4sf] ljrf/
y_ jfo'sf e]bx¿
b_ TjlulGb|o ljrf/
&= cfsfz sfnlbufTdf lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, #@ @)
s_ cfsfz lg¿k0f sfl/sf k||Zgf]Q/ nIf0fx¿sf] ;"rL
5nkmn
v_ cfsfzsf] ljz]ifu'0f / zAbsf] ljrf/
u_ cfsfzTj hflt gx'g'df o'lStsf] pk:yfkg
3_ sf/0f u'0fk"j{s u'0f ljrf/
ª_ sfnsf] nIf0flg¿k0f
r_ sfnsf] cl:tTjdf k|df0ff]k:yfkg
5_ k/Tjfk/Tjsf]] ljrf/
h_ sfnsf pkflwx¿sf lg¿k0f
em_ lbzfsf] nIf0f ljrf/
`_ lbzfsf pkflwx¿sf] lg¿k0f
6_ cfTdfsf] nIf0f
7_ cfTdTj hfltsf] l;l4
8_ cfTdfsf] cl:tTjdf k|df0f
9_ z/L/fTdjfb / OlGb|ofTdjfbsf] v08g
t_ lj1fgfTdjfb lg¿k0f / To;sf] v08g
y_ 1fgfTdjfbsf] lg¿k0f / v08g
162
b_ k'?iffTdjfb lg¿k0f / v08g
w_ k|j[Toflbåf/f cfTdfsf] cg'dfg ljrf/
hDdf !%) !))
-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff– !)_

j|m=;+= k|s/0f j|md / ljifout If]q lzIf0f ljlw lzIf0f ;fdu|L kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= a''l4, cg'e"lt, lglj{sNkflb lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg, k||Zgf]Q/, Zofdk6\6, rs, tflnsf, !% !)
-s_ a'l4 e]b k|ltkfbs sfl/sf 5nkmn 8:6/, nIf0f÷pbfx/0f
-v_ cg'e"lt ljrf/ ;"rL
-u_ k|ToIfnIf0f ljrf/
-3_ cg'ldltnIf0f ljrf/
-ª_ k|ToIfcg'ej e]bljrf/
-r_ b|Jo k|ToIfsf/0f ljrf/
-5_ lglj{sNks1fg ljrf/
-h_ OlGb|onIf0f ljrf/
-em_ ljlzi6 j}lzi6\ofjuflx
ljrf/
163
@= nf}lss–cnf}lss–;lGgsif{ lg¿k0f k|s/0f k|Zgf]Q/ Zofdk6\6, rs !% !)
s_ nf}lss ;lGgsif{ e]b k|ltkfbs sfl/sf 5nkmn 8:6/, pbfx/0f ;"rL,
v_ ;+of]u, ;+o'St ;djfo, ;+o'St ;dj]t JofVofg nIf0f ;"rL, cGo pkof]uL
;djfo ;fdu|L
u_ ;djfo
3_ ;dj]t ;djfo, ljz]io ljz]if0fefj
ª_ cnf}lss ;lGgsif{ lg?lksf sfl/sf
r_ ;fdfGo nIf0ffljrf/, 1fg nIf0f ljrf/
5_ of]uh ;lGgsif{ ljrf/
h_ nf}lss–cnf}lss ;lGgsif{ kfy{So ljrf/
#= cg'ldlt k/fdz{ lg¿k0f k|s/0f cfudg Zofdk6\6, rs 8:6/, !% !)
s_ sfl/sfåf/f cg'ldltsf] k|lj|mofut ljrf/ lgudg k|Zgf]Q/ zAbkQL, cy{kQL ,
5nkmn pbfx/0f nIf0f;"rL
v_ 1fodfg lnª\udf sf/0fsf] v08g kfl/eflifs zAb;"rL
u_ k/fdz{ :j¿ksf] lg¿k0f
3_ cg'ldlt / k/fdz{sf] sfo{sf/0f
efjljifos ljrf/
ª_ k/fdz{ sf/0ftf lj/f]wL dtsf] v08g
r_ cg'ldltsf k|lt k/fdz{ sf/0ftfsf]
:yfkg
$= k"j{kIf JoflKt lg¿k0f / l;4fGt JoflKt cfudg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, @$ !%
lg¿k0f k|s/0f lgudg k|Zgf]Q/ zAbkQL, cy{kQL, nIf0f,
s_ k""'j{kIf JoflKtsf] nIf0f / nIf0fdf JofVofg 5nkmn pbfx/0f, kfl/eflifs ;"rL,
nIf0f ;dGjo cGo pkof]uL ;fdu|L
164
v_ ljleGg :yndf cJoflKt cflb bf]ifsf]
kl/xf/
u_ JoflKt nIf0fsf] kl/isf/ / bf]ifsf]
kl/xf/
3_ k"j{JoflKt nIf0f kl/Tofusf] sf/0f
ª_ l;4fGt nIf0fsf] pk:yfkg
r_ nIf0fdf l;4fGt JoflKtsf] ;dGjo
5_ ljleGg :yndf bf]if / To;sf] kl/xf/
h_ k|ltof]uL Jolws/0f kbsf] ;fy{So
em_ k|ltof]uL Jolws/0fTj kl/isf/
%= kIftf lg¿k0f k|s/0f k|Zgf]Q/ 5nkmn Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, & %
s_ kIftf nIf0f ljrf/ JofVofg zAbkQL, cy{kQL, cGo
pkof]uL ;fdu|L
v_ l;ifwloifflj/x ljlzi6 ljrf/
u_ kIftf sf/0f ljrf/
3_ ;fWol;l4 k|ltalGwsf ljifos ljrf/
^= x]Tjfef; lg¿k0f k|s/0f cfudg lgudg Zofdk6\6,lrq, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
s_ x]Tjfef; e]baf]ws sfl/sfy{ ljrf/ JofVofg k|Zgf]Q/ nIf0f, pbfx/0fsf] ;"rL,
5nkmn zAbkQL, cy{kQL, cGo
v_ x]Tjfef; nIf0fljifos ljrf/ pkof]uL ;fdu|L
u_ cg}sflGts x]Tjfef;sf pbfx/0f;lxt
e]bljifos ljrf/
165
3_ lj?4 x]Tjfef; ljrf/
ª_ ;Tk|ltkIf x]Tjfef;ljifos ljrf/
r_ cl;4 x]Tjfef; nIf0fljifos ljrf/
5_ afwx]Tjfef; nIf0f ljifos ljrf/
&= pkdfg lg¿k0f k|s/0f 5nkmn k|Zgf]Q/ Zofdk6\6, lrq, rs, & %
s_ sfl/sfåf/f pkldlt k|lj|mofsf] k|ltkfbg JofVofg 8:6/, nIf0f, pbfx/0f,
tflnsf cflb
v_ pkldltsf] :j¿ksf] j0f{g
u_ k|frLg–gjLgdtdf pkldlt
:j¿kljifos ljrf/
*= zfAbaf]w k|lj|mof / zlSt u|fxsf]kfo cfudg lgudg Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
lg¿k0f k|s/0f JofVofg k|Zgf]Q/ nIf0f pbfx/0fsf] ;"rL,
s_ zfAbaf]w k|lj|mofljifos ljrf/ 5nkmn tflnsf, zAbkQL, cy{kQL,
v_ j[lQ ljrf/ uf]hL tflnsf,cGo pkof]uL
u_ zlSt ljrf/ ;fdu|L
3_ zlSt u|fxsf]kfoljifos ljrf/
ª_ Jofs/0faf6 zlStu|x ljrf/
r_ pkdfgaf6 zlStu|x ljrf/
5_ sf]ifaf6 zlStu|x ljrf/
h_ cfKtaf6 zlStu|x ljrf/
em_ Jojxf/af6 zlStu|x ljrf/
`_ jfSoz]ifaf6 zlStu|x ljrf/
(= kb, nIf0ff, cf;lQ, of]Uotf, cfsfª\Iff / JofVofg k||Zgf]Q/ Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
tflnsf, lrq cGo pkof]uL
166
tfTko{ lg¿k0f k|s/0f 5nkmn ;fdu|L
s_ zStkbx¿sf] nIf0f pbfx/0f;flxt
lg¿k0f
v_ nIf0ff ljrf/
u_ cf;lQljifos ljrf/
3_ of]Uotf ljrf/
ª_ cfsfª\Iff ljrf/
r_ tfTko{ ljrf/
!)= :d[lt / dgf]lg¿k0f k|s/0f 5nkmn, k|Zgf]Q/, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, & %
s_ :d[lt :j¿k ljrf/ JofVofg tflnsf, lrq cGo pkof]uL
v_ dgf]lg¿k0f ;fdu|L
u_ dgf]lje'Tj v08g
!!= u'0flg¿k0f k|s/0f 5nkmn k|Zgf]Q/ Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, !% !)
s_ u'0fTj hfltl;l4 u[xsfo{ tflnsf, lrq,sfl/sfx¿sf]
tflnsf, cGo pkof]uL
v_ d"tf{d"t{ u'0f ;fdu|L
u_ cg]sfl>t u'0f
3_ ;fdfGo ljz]if u'0f
ª_ OlGb|oflbu|fxØ u'0f
r_ cltlGb|o u'0f
5_ kfsh u'0f
h_ sf/0fhGoflb u'0f
em_ c;djflolgldQflb u'0f
`_ k|fb]lzs u'0f
167
6_ ¿kflb nIf0f / e]b ljrf/
7_ ;+zoflb :j¿k ljrf/
8_ JoflKtu|xf]kfo lg¿k0f
9_ pkflw lg¿k0f
0f_ rt'lj{w k|df0fsf] k|fdfGo :yfkg
t_ cyf{klQ k|df0fsf] v08g
y_ ;'v, b' Mv, OR5f, å]if, k|oTg, u'?Tj,
:g]x, ;+:sf/, cb[i6, zAb lg¿k0f .
hDdf !%) !))
168
Gofo ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt, uxgtf,
j|mda4tf cflbsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . lglb{i6 ljifoj:t'nfO{
Jofjxfl/stf;u ;fd~h:o u/]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO
lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . o; sfo{df ;s];Dd Jofjxfl/s pbfx/0f jf
b[i6fGtsf] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . lzIf0fl;sfO sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljifoj:t'sf]
k|s[ltcg';f/ lgDgfg';f/sf lzIf0f ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 M
-3_ e"ldsf clego -ª_ vf]h ljlw -r_ ;d:of ;dfwfg ljlw
-h_ JofVofg ljlw
!= sIff k|f/De ug'{ cl3 lzIfsn] b}lgs / jflif{s kf7of]hgf lzIf0fsfo{sf]
k"j{tof/Lsf ¿kdf ug'{kb{5 .
@= sIffdf kf7\oljifosf] k|s[lt x]/L k|Zgf]Q/, ljdz{ cflb u/fpg'kb{5 .
#= lzIf0f ubf{ JofVofg, k|jrg, cfudg, lgudg cflb k|rlnt ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u
ug'[{ pko'St x'G5 .
$= ljifout sl7gtf / ufDeLo{nfO{ b[li6ut u/L 5fq5fqfx¿sf] Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df
cj:yfg';f/ b'j} -lzIfs / ljBfyL{_ sf] kf7\ljifodf ;dfg¿kn] ;lj|mo / ;+nUg
x'g'kb{5 .
%= dfWod efiffsf ¿kdf :t/fg';f/ ;+:s[t efiffsf] g} k|of]u ug'{ plrt x'g] 5 .
^= ljz]iftM k|ltkfB ljifo :ki6 gx'g] cj:yfdf dfq dft[efiffsf] dfWodn] lzIf0f
sfo{ ug'{ plrt x'g] 5 .
&= ljifout ?lr a9fpg 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ hfu?s u/fp“b} hfg'kb{5 .
*= Gofobz{gdf lglb{i6 cg'dfg jfSox¿sf] lzIf0f ubf{ Jojxf/df k|of]u x'g]
;lhnf pbfx/0fx¿åf/f kf7\oljifosf] af]w u/fpg] cfsif{s z}nLsf] cjnDag
ug{'[kb{5 .
(= s'g} gof“ k|s/0fsf] lzIf0f ug'{kbf{ To; k|s/0fcGtu{t kg]{ kfl/eflifs
zAbx¿sf] tflnsf lgdf{0f u/L k':tsljgf g} tL zAbx¿sf] cfzo :ki6
ul/lbg'k5{ . To;kl5 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ k|s/0fut kª\lStjfrg
ug{ nufO{ oyf;Dej To;sf] cfzo pgLx¿af6 g} :ki6 ug{ nufpg'kg]{ 5 .
!)= sfl/sfsf] lzIf0faf6 g} oyf;Dej d'StfjnL klg nufpg ;Sg] lsl;dn]
lzIf0f sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'[{kg]{ 5 .
!!= ljz]if kl/isf/ ug'{kg]{ :yndf eg] of] ;Dej gx'g] x'“bf Toxf“ ljifosf] k|s[lt
x]/L d'StfjnLsf] lzIf0f clgjfo{ x'g'kg]{ 5 .
!@= sfl/sfx¿sf] cfzo :ki6 ug{ pko'St kf7of]hgf tof/ u/L tbg'¿k lzIf0f
sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg'kg]{ 5 .
!#= kl/is[t nIf0fx¿sf] lzIf0f ubf{ nIf0fx¿df 36skbx¿sf] pkof]lutf atfpg,
cfjZostfcg';f/ nIf0f jfSodf kbx¿sf] ;dfj]z ug{, To;sf] ljz]if cfzo
/ cf}lrTosf] lg¿k0f ug{, bf]if b]vfpg / kl/xf/ ug{ lzIfs ljBfyL{ b'j}df
cj:yfg'¿k ;dfg¿kn] ;Gt'lnt lj|mofzLntf x'g'kg]{ 5 .
168
!$= ljBfyL{n] k|s/0fut ljifo a'em] ga'em]sf] ljifodf lzIfsn] ;do;dodf
oyf]lrt Wofg lbg'kg]{ 5 .
!%= kl/isf/;DaGwL ljifosf] lzIf0f ubf{ ;j{k|yd k"jf{k/ k|;ª\u atfpg'k5{ .
sIffsf] s'g} Ps 5fq jf 5fqfnfO{ kl/isf/ ug'{kg]{ kª\lStsf] jfrg
ug{ nufpg'k5{ . To;cGtu{tsf k|To]s kbx¿sf] tfTko{ :ki6 kf/L
5fq5fqfx¿af6 klg To;sf] cfzo lg¿k0f ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!^= nIf0f ;dGjo;DaGwL ljifosf] lzIf0fdf ;j{k|yd 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ nIf0f
jfSosf] /fd|f] cEof; ug{ nufpg'k5{ . To;cGtu{tsf kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf]
tfTko{af]w u/fPkl5 dfq nIodf ;dGjo ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!&= sf/0fsf e]b, cGoyfl;l4sf e]b, ;lGgsif{sf e]b, x]Tjfef;sf e]b,
zfAbaf]wsf ;xof]uL sf/0fx¿, d"t{ u'0f, cd"t{ u'0f, ljz]if u'0f, ;fdfGo u'0f
cflb e]baf]ws sfl/sfx¿ 5'6\ofO{ lzIfsn] 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ atfOlbg'k5{ /
tbg';f/ pgLx¿nfO{ cEof; ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!*= lzIfsn] k9fPsf] kf7\oljifonfO{ k'gtf{huL / ljifoaf]wdf b[9tf ;Dkfbg ug{sf
nflu 5fq5fqfx¿aLr dfl;s jf kflIfs ;+jfbfTds sfo{j|mdsf] dfWodn]
k/:k/df 5nkmn u/fpg'k5{ . To;df b]lvPsf sdL–sdhf]/L cf}“NofO{ ;'wf/
ub}{ lzIf0f sfo{nfO{ ?lrs/ / cfsif{s t'Nofpg'k5{ .
!(= n]vgfEof;sf] clej[l4 ug{sf nflu 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ u[xsfo{ lbg'k5{ / ;f] sf]
d"Nofª\sg u/L n]vgsfo{df k|j[Q u/fpg'k5{ .
@)= hfltl;l4 k|lj|mofsf] lzIf0f ubf{ s'g} Ps hflt l;4 ug]{ k|lj|mof atfPkl5
kbfy{ut cf+lzs leGgtf eP tfklg k|lj|mofut leGgtf gx'g] s'/f
pbfx/0f;lxt ;Demfpg'k5{ . tbg'¿k c¿ hfltx¿ l;4
ug{ 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ g} ;lj|mo u/fpg'k5{ .
@!= o;sf cltl/St h'g k4lt cjnDag u/L k9fp“bf ;'ud / ;xh tl/sfaf6
lglb{i6 kf7\oljifo 5fq5fqfx¿n] /fd|/L u|x0f ug{ ;S5g\, Tof] ljlwsf] g}
cjnDag u/L lzIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{ ;j{yf plrt / pko'St x'G5 .

kf7\oj|mdåf/f lglb{i6 p¢]Zo k|flKTf eP gePsf] j:t'ut dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf g}
d"Nofª\sg xf] . t;y{ lzIf0f sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf ;fy} kl/df0fsf] ;"rs d"Nofª\sgsf]
lg/Gt/tfdf klg Wofg lbg' cfjZos x'G5 . of] sfo{ ljleGg ¿kn] ;Dkfbg
ug{ ;lsG5, h:t} M kf7gs} j|mddf df}lvs, lnlvt, k|Zgf]Q/fTds, ;fKtflxs, kflIfs,
dfl;s cflb k/LIff lnP/, cf}krfl/s, cgf}krfl/s ljrf/ ljdz{sf] dfWodn] ;d]t
ljBfyL{x¿sf] of]Uotf, Jo'TklQ cflbsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;
ljifosf] d"Nofª\sg ubf{ sfl/sfx¿sf] cy{ ug{, dª\unsf] kmn atfpg,
dª\undf ;kmntfl;l4 ug]{ cg'dfg n]Vg, O{Zj/l;l4 ug]{ cg'dfg k|lj|mof lg¿k0f ug{,
hfltl;l4 ug{, ;fwDo{ lg¿k0f ug{, sf/0fsf] :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{, cGoyfl;l4 /
To;sf e]bx¿ n]Vg, k[YjL hnflbsf ljljw nIf0fx¿ n]Vg / tb\36s kbx¿sf]
pkof]lutf b]vfpg, kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{ n]Vg, cg'ldltsf] nIf0f lg¿k0f ug{,
k"j{kIfLo JoflKtsf] nIf0f n]vL ;dGjo ug{, l;4fGt JoflKtsf] nIf0f n]Vg / ;dGjo
ug{, x]Tjfef;, kIftf cflbsf] nIf0f n]Vg / tb\36s kbx¿sf] pkof]lutf b]vfpg,
169
pkldlt k|lj|mof lg¿k0f ug{, ;fdfGou'0f, ljz]ifu'0f, d"t{, cd"t{, Ps}s]lGb|ou|fxØ u'0f,
åLlGb|ou|fxØ u'0f n]Vg OToflb k|s[ltsf k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg ;lsg] 5g\ . k|Zgkq lgdf{0f
ubf{ rflx“ ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf, gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tof cfwf/
agfpg'kb{5 . o;/L d"Nofª\sg ubf{ lgwf{l/t k|s/0fx¿ kf7\ok':tsJofkL
x'g ;s'g\ eGg] s'/fdf Wofg k'¥ofpg'kb{5 . Gofo ljifodf ;dfGotof lgdf{0ffTds
tyf lg0f{ofTds u/L d"Nofª\sgsf b'O{ k4lt cjnDag ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
-c_ k|To]s lbgsf] k7g–kf7gaf6 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;Da4 ljifodf s] s:tf] k|ult
eO/x]sf] 5, ;f]sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu d"Nofª\sg ug'{kb{5 .
-cf_ o;df Jo'TklQ, ljifoj:t'sf] u|x0f, ljleGg bz{gsf l;4fGtx¿sf] kl/ro,
lj/f]wL dtsf] v08g / :jl;4fsf] :yfkgf cflb ;Da4 ljifonfO{ d"Nofª\sgsf]
dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vfdf cfwf/ agfpg'kb{5 .
-c_ k|Zglgdf{0fdf ljlzi6Ls/0ftflnsf agfO{ pkof]u ug'[{kb{5 .
-cf_ k|Zgx¿ lgaGwfTds, JofVofTds, ljj]rgfTds, ;ª\lIfKtf]Q/fTds, af]wfTds,
Jo'TklQk/s, kfl/eflifs zAbfy{ kl/rok/s, sfl/sfy{ lg¿k0f cflb ljljw
k|sf/ / k|s[ltsf k|Zgx¿ x'g ;S5g\ .
170
P]lR5s ;fdj]b
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j}lbs jfª\do ;+;f/sf] cflbd ;flxTo xf] . k"jL{o dfGotfcg';f/ j]bnfO{ ckf}?if]o
dflgPsf] 5 . ;[il6sf] cf/Dedf cf>'t j]b/flznfO{ h'g no / :j/df Clifx¿n] b]v],
cfh;Dd klg ToxL :j/ / nodf j]bsf] cWoog k/Dk/f ;'/lIft /x]sf] 5 . j}lbs
;flxTon] 1fglj1fg, dfgj ;Eotf, efifflj1fg h:tf cfw'lgs hut\sf ljlzi6
cfofdx¿nfO{ x/]s o'u / ;do;fk]If ¿kdf k|:t't ub{5 . ;j{k|yd cfkm\g} zfvfsf]
cWoog ug'{kb{5 eGg] j}lbs dfGotf 5 . :jzfvfsf] cWoogkl5 dfq} oyf;Dej c¿
j]bsf zfvfx¿sf] k7gkf7g ug'{kg]{ zf:qLo ljwfg /lxcfPsf] 5 . rf/} j]bsf ;+:sf/
/ sd{x¿df cf–cfkm\g} ljz]iftf /x]sf 5g\ . rf/} j]bsf j]bkf7Lx¿ cfkm\g} zfvfn]
atfPcg'¿ksf ;+:sf/x¿ / /Lltl/jfhx¿ ;Dkfbg ub{5g\ . ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf
j]bzfvfsf] cWoog tyf k|rf/k|;f/ ug{ rfxg' :jfefljs tyf ckl/xfo{ dflgG5 .
:jzfvf]St j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg o:tf kf7\oj|md ;xfos x'G5g\ .
kf}/:To ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltn] el/k"0f{ g]kfndf rf/} j]bsf] k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf x'g'
:jfefljs g} xf] . g]kfndf uf}td uf]qLo lqkf7L y/ ePsfx¿n] cfkm\gf] j]b ;fdj]bsf]
sf}y'd zfvfnfO{ dfg]/ ;f]cg'¿k cfkm\gf ;+:sf/x¿ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . sf}y'dzfvL
;fdj]bL lqkf7Lx¿sf] afx'NotfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L k|:t't kf7\oj|md ;fdj]bLo sf}y'd
zfvfdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 .
kt~hlnsf cg';f/ j]bsf !!#! zfvfdWo] ;fdj]bsf !))) zfvf k7gkg7gdf
/x]sf] s'/f pNn]v 5 . sfnfGt/df j]bsf zfvfx¿ nf]k x'“b} uPsfn] xfn ;fdj]bsf
tLg zfvfx¿ /f0ffogLo, h}ldgL / sf}y'd dfq k7gkf7gdf /x]sf 5g\ . o; zfvfdf
k':ts Pp6} eP/ klg pRrf/0fut e]bsf cfwf/df gfu/k4lt / db|k4ltsf ¿kdf
j|mdzM pQ/ef/t / blIf0fef/tdf k|r'/ dfqfdf k|rlnt 5g\ . To;dWo] of] kf7\oj|md
db|k4ltdf cfwfl/t 5 .
:j¿kut z}nL tyf k|ltkfB ljifosf b[li6n] CUj]b, oh'j]{b / ;fdj]bsf cf–cfkm\g}
ljz]iftf /x]sf 5g\ . ;fdj]b :j¿kut uLltsf ¿kdf 5 . ct Pj :j/, u|fd, tfg /
nofTdstf o;sf] cleGg ¿k xf] . zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf æ;f/]udkwlg;fÆ h:tf :j/
;fdj]baf6 k|efljt 5g\ h'g s'/f ;ª\uLt /Tgfs/sf /rlotf zfª\u{b]j / gf6\ozf:qL
e/tsf] jrgaf6 k'li6 x'G5 . cfhsf] zf:qLo ;ª\uLt ;fdj]b / o;sf] pkj]b
ufGwj{j]b x'“b} ljsl;t ePsf] dflgG5 . ;fdj]bsf ;ft:j/dWo] k|yd:j/af6
;ª\uLtsf] dWod:j/, låtLoaf6 ufGwf/:j/, t[tLoaf6 Cife, rt'y{af6 if8\h:j/,
dGb|af6 w}jt:j/, clt:jf/:j/af6 lgiffb:j/ / j|'mi6:j/af6 k~rd :j/ ljsl;t
ePsf 5g\ . oL g} :j/sf cufl8sf cIf/x¿nfO{ ldnfp“bf ‘du/];fwlgk’ :j/k|:tf/
171
aGb5 . jt{dfgdf kl9Psf] ;fu/]kwlg;f klg To;}af6 kl/jlt{t Ps ;j/ k|:tf/ dfq
ePsf] tYo a'em\g ;lsG5 . of] tYo ;fdj]bLo lzIff u|Gy gf/bLo lzIffdf plNnlvt
5 . h'g lzIffnfO{ o; kf7\oj|mddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L ;fª\uLlts kIfsf]
k|ltkfbgsf ;fy} o;n] k/Dk/fut :jzfvfsf ¿kdf ;fdj]bnfO{ :jLsfg]{
;fdj]bLx¿sf] sd{sf08sf dGqx¿ Pjd\ ;+:sf/x¿ atfp“b5 eg] nf}lss /
cnf}lsn\s ljljw ljifoj:t'x¿sf] k\ltkfbg ub{5 .
Gfb -:j/_ sf] pkf;gfn] cfTdk|;Ggtfsf ;fy} O{Zj/ ;Gt'li6åf/f k/dfgGb k|flKt
ug{df ;xfotf ldNb5 . o:tf] ;fdj]bsf] :j¿k x]bf{ ;fdj]bsf sf}y'd zfvfdf
cflr{s / ufg u/L b'O{ ljefu 5g\ . cflr{s efu klg k"jf{lr{s / pQ/flr{s u/L b'O{
efudf ljeSt eO{ b'j}df u/]/ !*&% dGqx¿ ;ª\u|lxt 5g\ . ufgefudf k|s[lt ufg –
u|fd]u]o / c/0o]u]o_ tyf ljs[lt ufg -pmxufg / pmx\oufg_ df @^@& ;fdufgx¿
;ª\slnt 5g\ . sf}y'd zfvfsf cf7cf]6f a|fx\d0f u|Gyx¿ 5g\ eg] ;fdj]bLo cf/0os
tnaaf/ xf] . o;nfO{ h}ldgLof]klgifb\a|fx\d0f klg elgG5 . o;} a|fx\d0fsf] rf}yf]
cWofosf] bzd v08df kl9Psf] s]gf]klgifb\ tyf 5fGbf]Uof]klgifb\ o;sf b'O{ pklgifb\
k|d'v b; pklgifb\dWo] kb{5g\ . o;/L ;fdj]bsf w]/} ;flxTo eP klg ljBfnob]lv
ljZjljBfno;Ddsf] kf7\oj|mdcg';f/ k7gkf7g ubf{ k|foMh;f] ;fdj]bLo u|Gyx¿sf]
cWoog x'g ;Dej 5 .
;fdj]b k9\g], k9fpg] tf}/tl/sf l;sfpg] u|Gy gf/bLo lzIff xf] . To;sf/0f gf/blo
lzIffnfO{ klg o; kf7\oj|mddf oyf]lrt :yfg lbO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ‫ޕ‬
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ dfWolds tx pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{
;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ;fdj]bsf] sf}y'd zfvfsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L o;nfO{ JoSt ug{,
@= j}lbs k/Dk/f cg'¿k dGqx¿ ;:j/ z'4;“u kf7 ug{,
#= cfkm\gf] kf7\oef/df /x]sf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4 / :ki6 ¿kdf k|of]u ug{,
$= ;fdj]bsf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4;“u n]Vg,
%= j]bn] lglb{i6 u/]sf kf7\oj|md cg'¿k cfr/0fx¿sf] j0f{g ug'{sf ;fy} o;sf]
k/Dk/fnfO{ /Iff ug{,
^= ;fdj]bsf ;ft :j/af6 zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf ;Kt :j/sf] pb\ud tyf
ljsf;af/] ;fdfGo 1fg u/L atfpg,
&= ;fdj]bsf] ;fdfGo ¿kdf cf}lrTo atfpg .
172
;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ sIff ( pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= clUg / OGb|sf :t'ltk/s CSkf7x¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= ljljw b]jtf / ;+:sf/ ;Da4 CSkf7sf dGqx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
#= ufoqflb ;fdufgx¿ x:t:j/;lxt s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ljljw b]jtf / ;+:sf/ ;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y ug{,
%= ;fdufgsf ufoq, ks{ o1fo1Lo a[xT;fd h:tf gfdx¿af6 ;fdufgsf dGqx¿
s07:y atfpg,
^= ;ft :j/x¿ s] s] x'g\ / ;fdj]bdf s;/L pRrf/0f Pjd\ k|o'St x'G5g\ eGg]
atfpg,
&= pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t :j/x¿sf] nIf0f atfpg, n]Vg / k|of]u ug{,
*= :j/d08n -;ft:j/, u|fd, d"5{gf, tfg_ sf] ljz]if 1fgn] zf:qLo ;ËLtsf
:j/x¿ ;fdj]baf6 k|efljt x'g\ eGg] tYo JoSt ug{,
(= bLKtflb>'ltx¿sf] pRrf/0f ljlw a'emL atfpg .
;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ sIff !) pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= Cu\ cIf/x¿ dfly ;ft:j/;lxt ufg ul/g] x'b“ f ljljw b]jtf;Da4 ;fdufgsf
cfwf/e"t CSkf7sf dGqx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= OGb|sf :tltk/s CSkf7x¿ xftdf cª\u'ln–rfng ;lxt kf7 ug{,
#= :jl:tjfrg / clUgi6f]ddf 3df{]kfs/0f ;df/f]k0f;DaGwL ;fdufgx¿ ;:j/
s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ?b|;"St / OGb|:t'lt;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y ;:j/ kf7 ug{,
%= j|m'i6, k|yd, låtLo, t[tLo, rt'y{, dGb| / clt:jf/ u/]sf k|d'v :j/ / gdg,
ljgt, cleuLt h:tf ;xfos :j/x¿ hfGg / pRrf/0f ug{,
^= zf:qLo ljlwcg';f/ ;f]dofusf] cg'aGWo–kz'k|of]u;Da4 ufg / ljljw b]jtf
;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
&= ;fdgfdsf cfwf/df ;fdufgsf k|tLsx¿ p7fO{ gfdcg';f/sf] ufg s07:y
atfpg,
*= j]bfWoog ubf{ :j/x¿sf] pRrf/0f / xftdf cª\u'ln–lgj]zg s;/L ug]{ eGg]
s'/f hfGg / b]vfpg,
(= ;fdj]bdf ePsf sDkg, /]km, xsf/, ljj[lQ, :j/elSt tyf pb\uftfsf lgodsf
;fy} ;fdufgsf] nfe k|fKt u/L atfpg .
173
Gofo ljifosf] lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ubf{ ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt, uxgtf,
j|mda4tf cflbsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ljlw k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . lglb{i6 ljifoj:t'nfO{
Jofjxfl/stf;u ;fd~h:o u/]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;lj|mo ;xefuL u/fP/ lzIf0fl;sfO
lj|mofsnfk ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . o; sfo{df ;s];Dd Jofjxfl/s pbfx/0f jf
b[i6fGtsf] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . lzIf0fl;sfO sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljifoj:t'sf]
k|s[ltcg';f/ lgDgfg';f/sf lzIf0f ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 M
-3_ e"ldsf clego -ª_ vf]h ljlw -r_ ;d:of ;dfwfg ljlw
-h_ JofVofg ljlw
!= sIff k|f/De ug'{ cl3 lzIfsn] b}lgs / jflif{s kf7of]hgf lzIf0fsfo{sf]
k"j{tof/Lsf ¿kdf ug'{kb{5 .
@= sIffdf kf7\oljifosf] k|s[lt x]/L k|Zgf]Q/, ljdz{ cflb u/fpg'kb{5 .
#= lzIf0f ubf{ JofVofg, k|jrg, cfudg, lgudg cflb k|rlnt ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u
ug'[{ pko'St x'G5 .
$= ljifout sl7gtf / ufDeLo{nfO{ b[li6ut u/L 5fq5fqfx¿sf] Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df
cj:yfg';f/ b'j} -lzIfs / ljBfyL{_ sf] kf7\ljifodf ;dfg¿kn] ;lj|mo / ;+nUg
x'g'kb{5 .
%= dfWod efiffsf ¿kdf :t/fg';f/ ;+:s[t efiffsf] g} k|of]u ug'{ plrt x'g] 5 .
^= ljz]iftM k|ltkfB ljifo :ki6 gx'g] cj:yfdf dfq dft[efiffsf] dfWodn] lzIf0f
sfo{ ug'{ plrt x'g] 5 .
&= ljifout ?lr a9fpg 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ hfu?s u/fp“b} hfg'kb{5 .
*= Gofobz{gdf lglb{i6 cg'dfg jfSox¿sf] lzIf0f ubf{ Jojxf/df k|of]u x'g]
;lhnf pbfx/0fx¿åf/f kf7\oljifosf] af]w u/fpg] cfsif{s z}nLsf] cjnDag
ug{'[kb{5 .
(= s'g} gof“ k|s/0fsf] lzIf0f ug'{kbf{ To; k|s/0fcGtu{t kg]{ kfl/eflifs
zAbx¿sf] tflnsf lgdf{0f u/L k':tsljgf g} tL zAbx¿sf] cfzo :ki6
ul/lbg'k5{ . To;kl5 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ k|s/0fut kª\lStjfrg
ug{ nufO{ oyf;Dej To;sf] cfzo pgLx¿af6 g} :ki6 ug{ nufpg'kg]{ 5 .
!)= sfl/sfsf] lzIf0faf6 g} oyf;Dej d'StfjnL klg nufpg ;Sg] lsl;dn]
lzIf0f sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'[{kg]{ 5 .
!!= ljz]if kl/isf/ ug'{kg]{ :yndf eg] of] ;Dej gx'g] x'“bf Toxf“ ljifosf] k|s[lt
x]/L d'StfjnLsf] lzIf0f clgjfo{ x'g'kg]{ 5 .
!@= sfl/sfx¿sf] cfzo :ki6 ug{ pko'St kf7of]hgf tof/ u/L tbg'¿k lzIf0f
sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg'kg]{ 5 .
!#= kl/is[t nIf0fx¿sf] lzIf0f ubf{ nIf0fx¿df 36skbx¿sf] pkof]lutf atfpg,
cfjZostfcg';f/ nIf0f jfSodf kbx¿sf] ;dfj]z ug{, To;sf] ljz]if cfzo
/ cf}lrTosf] lg¿k0f ug{, bf]if b]vfpg / kl/xf/ ug{ lzIfs ljBfyL{ b'j}df
cj:yfg'¿k ;dfg¿kn] ;Gt'lnt lj|mofzLntf x'g'kg]{ 5 .
168
!$= ljBfyL{n] k|s/0fut ljifo a'em] ga'em]sf] ljifodf lzIfsn] ;do;dodf
oyf]lrt Wofg lbg'kg]{ 5 .
!%= kl/isf/;DaGwL ljifosf] lzIf0f ubf{ ;j{k|yd k"jf{k/ k|;ª\u atfpg'k5{ .
sIffsf] s'g} Ps 5fq jf 5fqfnfO{ kl/isf/ ug'{kg]{ kª\lStsf] jfrg
ug{ nufpg'k5{ . To;cGtu{tsf k|To]s kbx¿sf] tfTko{ :ki6 kf/L
5fq5fqfx¿af6 klg To;sf] cfzo lg¿k0f ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!^= nIf0f ;dGjo;DaGwL ljifosf] lzIf0fdf ;j{k|yd 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ nIf0f
jfSosf] /fd|f] cEof; ug{ nufpg'k5{ . To;cGtu{tsf kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf]
tfTko{af]w u/fPkl5 dfq nIodf ;dGjo ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!&= sf/0fsf e]b, cGoyfl;l4sf e]b, ;lGgsif{sf e]b, x]Tjfef;sf e]b,
zfAbaf]wsf ;xof]uL sf/0fx¿, d"t{ u'0f, cd"t{ u'0f, ljz]if u'0f, ;fdfGo u'0f
cflb e]baf]ws sfl/sfx¿ 5'6\ofO{ lzIfsn] 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ atfOlbg'k5{ /
tbg';f/ pgLx¿nfO{ cEof; ug{ nufpg'k5{ .
!*= lzIfsn] k9fPsf] kf7\oljifonfO{ k'gtf{huL / ljifoaf]wdf b[9tf ;Dkfbg ug{sf
nflu 5fq5fqfx¿aLr dfl;s jf kflIfs ;+jfbfTds sfo{j|mdsf] dfWodn]
k/:k/df 5nkmn u/fpg'k5{ . To;df b]lvPsf sdL–sdhf]/L cf}“NofO{ ;'wf/
ub}{ lzIf0f sfo{nfO{ ?lrs/ / cfsif{s t'Nofpg'k5{ .
!(= n]vgfEof;sf] clej[l4 ug{sf nflu 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ u[xsfo{ lbg'k5{ / ;f] sf]
d"Nofª\sg u/L n]vgsfo{df k|j[Q u/fpg'k5{ .
@)= hfltl;l4 k|lj|mofsf] lzIf0f ubf{ s'g} Ps hflt l;4 ug]{ k|lj|mof atfPkl5
kbfy{ut cf+lzs leGgtf eP tfklg k|lj|mofut leGgtf gx'g] s'/f
pbfx/0f;lxt ;Demfpg'k5{ . tbg'¿k c¿ hfltx¿ l;4
ug{ 5fq5fqfx¿nfO{ g} ;lj|mo u/fpg'k5{ .
@!= o;sf cltl/St h'g k4lt cjnDag u/L k9fp“bf ;'ud / ;xh tl/sfaf6
lglb{i6 kf7\oljifo 5fq5fqfx¿n] /fd|/L u|x0f ug{ ;S5g\, Tof] ljlwsf] g}
cjnDag u/L lzIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{ ;j{yf plrt / pko'St x'G5 .

kf7\oj|mdåf/f lglb{i6 p¢]Zo k|flKTf eP gePsf] j:t'ut dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf g}
d"Nofª\sg xf] . t;y{ lzIf0f sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf ;fy} kl/df0fsf] ;"rs d"Nofª\sgsf]
lg/Gt/tfdf klg Wofg lbg' cfjZos x'G5 . of] sfo{ ljleGg ¿kn] ;Dkfbg
ug{ ;lsG5, h:t} M kf7gs} j|mddf df}lvs, lnlvt, k|Zgf]Q/fTds, ;fKtflxs, kflIfs,
dfl;s cflb k/LIff lnP/, cf}krfl/s, cgf}krfl/s ljrf/ ljdz{sf] dfWodn] ;d]t
ljBfyL{x¿sf] of]Uotf, Jo'TklQ cflbsf] dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;
ljifosf] d"Nofª\sg ubf{ sfl/sfx¿sf] cy{ ug{, dª\unsf] kmn atfpg,
dª\undf ;kmntfl;l4 ug]{ cg'dfg n]Vg, O{Zj/l;l4 ug]{ cg'dfg k|lj|mof lg¿k0f ug{,
hfltl;l4 ug{, ;fwDo{ lg¿k0f ug{, sf/0fsf] :j¿k lg¿k0f ug{, cGoyfl;l4 /
To;sf e]bx¿ n]Vg, k[YjL hnflbsf ljljw nIf0fx¿ n]Vg / tb\36s kbx¿sf]
pkof]lutf b]vfpg, kfl/eflifs zAbx¿sf] cy{ n]Vg, cg'ldltsf] nIf0f lg¿k0f ug{,
k"j{kIfLo JoflKtsf] nIf0f n]vL ;dGjo ug{, l;4fGt JoflKtsf] nIf0f n]Vg / ;dGjo
ug{, x]Tjfef;, kIftf cflbsf] nIf0f n]Vg / tb\36s kbx¿sf] pkof]lutf b]vfpg,
169
pkldlt k|lj|mof lg¿k0f ug{, ;fdfGou'0f, ljz]ifu'0f, d"t{, cd"t{, Ps}s]lGb|ou|fxØ u'0f,
åLlGb|ou|fxØ u'0f n]Vg OToflb k|s[ltsf k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg ;lsg] 5g\ . k|Zgkq lgdf{0f
ubf{ rflx“ ljlzi6Ls/0f tflnsf, gd'gf k|Zgkqsf] dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ k"0f{tof cfwf/
agfpg'kb{5 . o;/L d"Nofª\sg ubf{ lgwf{l/t k|s/0fx¿ kf7\ok':tsJofkL
x'g ;s'g\ eGg] s'/fdf Wofg k'¥ofpg'kb{5 . Gofo ljifodf ;dfGotof lgdf{0ffTds
tyf lg0f{ofTds u/L d"Nofª\sgsf b'O{ k4lt cjnDag ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
-c_ k|To]s lbgsf] k7g–kf7gaf6 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;Da4 ljifodf s] s:tf] k|ult
eO/x]sf] 5, ;f]sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu d"Nofª\sg ug'{kb{5 .
-cf_ o;df Jo'TklQ, ljifoj:t'sf] u|x0f, ljleGg bz{gsf l;4fGtx¿sf] kl/ro,
lj/f]wL dtsf] v08g / :jl;4fsf] :yfkgf cflb ;Da4 ljifonfO{ d"Nofª\sgsf]
dfkg tyf n]vfhf]vfdf cfwf/ agfpg'kb{5 .
-c_ k|Zglgdf{0fdf ljlzi6Ls/0ftflnsf agfO{ pkof]u ug'[{kb{5 .
-cf_ k|Zgx¿ lgaGwfTds, JofVofTds, ljj]rgfTds, ;ª\lIfKtf]Q/fTds, af]wfTds,
Jo'TklQk/s, kfl/eflifs zAbfy{ kl/rok/s, sfl/sfy{ lg¿k0f cflb ljljw
k|sf/ / k|s[ltsf k|Zgx¿ x'g ;S5g\ .
170
P]lR5s ;fdj]b
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j}lbs jfª\do ;+;f/sf] cflbd ;flxTo xf] . k"jL{o dfGotfcg';f/ j]bnfO{ ckf}?if]o
dflgPsf] 5 . ;[il6sf] cf/Dedf cf>'t j]b/flznfO{ h'g no / :j/df Clifx¿n] b]v],
cfh;Dd klg ToxL :j/ / nodf j]bsf] cWoog k/Dk/f ;'/lIft /x]sf] 5 . j}lbs
;flxTon] 1fglj1fg, dfgj ;Eotf, efifflj1fg h:tf cfw'lgs hut\sf ljlzi6
cfofdx¿nfO{ x/]s o'u / ;do;fk]If ¿kdf k|:t't ub{5 . ;j{k|yd cfkm\g} zfvfsf]
cWoog ug'{kb{5 eGg] j}lbs dfGotf 5 . :jzfvfsf] cWoogkl5 dfq} oyf;Dej c¿
j]bsf zfvfx¿sf] k7gkf7g ug'{kg]{ zf:qLo ljwfg /lxcfPsf] 5 . rf/} j]bsf ;+:sf/
/ sd{x¿df cf–cfkm\g} ljz]iftf /x]sf 5g\ . rf/} j]bsf j]bkf7Lx¿ cfkm\g} zfvfn]
atfPcg'¿ksf ;+:sf/x¿ / /Lltl/jfhx¿ ;Dkfbg ub{5g\ . ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf
j]bzfvfsf] cWoog tyf k|rf/k|;f/ ug{ rfxg' :jfefljs tyf ckl/xfo{ dflgG5 .
:jzfvf]St j]bfWoogsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg o:tf kf7\oj|md ;xfos x'G5g\ .
kf}/:To ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltn] el/k"0f{ g]kfndf rf/} j]bsf] k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf x'g'
:jfefljs g} xf] . g]kfndf uf}td uf]qLo lqkf7L y/ ePsfx¿n] cfkm\gf] j]b ;fdj]bsf]
sf}y'd zfvfnfO{ dfg]/ ;f]cg'¿k cfkm\gf ;+:sf/x¿ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . sf}y'dzfvL
;fdj]bL lqkf7Lx¿sf] afx'NotfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L k|:t't kf7\oj|md ;fdj]bLo sf}y'd
zfvfdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 .
kt~hlnsf cg';f/ j]bsf !!#! zfvfdWo] ;fdj]bsf !))) zfvf k7gkg7gdf
/x]sf] s'/f pNn]v 5 . sfnfGt/df j]bsf zfvfx¿ nf]k x'“b} uPsfn] xfn ;fdj]bsf
tLg zfvfx¿ /f0ffogLo, h}ldgL / sf}y'd dfq k7gkf7gdf /x]sf 5g\ . o; zfvfdf
k':ts Pp6} eP/ klg pRrf/0fut e]bsf cfwf/df gfu/k4lt / db|k4ltsf ¿kdf
j|mdzM pQ/ef/t / blIf0fef/tdf k|r'/ dfqfdf k|rlnt 5g\ . To;dWo] of] kf7\oj|md
db|k4ltdf cfwfl/t 5 .
:j¿kut z}nL tyf k|ltkfB ljifosf b[li6n] CUj]b, oh'j]{b / ;fdj]bsf cf–cfkm\g}
ljz]iftf /x]sf 5g\ . ;fdj]b :j¿kut uLltsf ¿kdf 5 . ct Pj :j/, u|fd, tfg /
nofTdstf o;sf] cleGg ¿k xf] . zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf æ;f/]udkwlg;fÆ h:tf :j/
;fdj]baf6 k|efljt 5g\ h'g s'/f ;ª\uLt /Tgfs/sf /rlotf zfª\u{b]j / gf6\ozf:qL
e/tsf] jrgaf6 k'li6 x'G5 . cfhsf] zf:qLo ;ª\uLt ;fdj]b / o;sf] pkj]b
ufGwj{j]b x'“b} ljsl;t ePsf] dflgG5 . ;fdj]bsf ;ft:j/dWo] k|yd:j/af6
;ª\uLtsf] dWod:j/, låtLoaf6 ufGwf/:j/, t[tLoaf6 Cife, rt'y{af6 if8\h:j/,
dGb|af6 w}jt:j/, clt:jf/:j/af6 lgiffb:j/ / j|'mi6:j/af6 k~rd :j/ ljsl;t
ePsf 5g\ . oL g} :j/sf cufl8sf cIf/x¿nfO{ ldnfp“bf ‘du/];fwlgk’ :j/k|:tf/
171
aGb5 . jt{dfgdf kl9Psf] ;fu/]kwlg;f klg To;}af6 kl/jlt{t Ps ;j/ k|:tf/ dfq
ePsf] tYo a'em\g ;lsG5 . of] tYo ;fdj]bLo lzIff u|Gy gf/bLo lzIffdf plNnlvt
5 . h'g lzIffnfO{ o; kf7\oj|mddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L ;fª\uLlts kIfsf]
k|ltkfbgsf ;fy} o;n] k/Dk/fut :jzfvfsf ¿kdf ;fdj]bnfO{ :jLsfg]{
;fdj]bLx¿sf] sd{sf08sf dGqx¿ Pjd\ ;+:sf/x¿ atfp“b5 eg] nf}lss /
cnf}lsn\s ljljw ljifoj:t'x¿sf] k\ltkfbg ub{5 .
Gfb -:j/_ sf] pkf;gfn] cfTdk|;Ggtfsf ;fy} O{Zj/ ;Gt'li6åf/f k/dfgGb k|flKt
ug{df ;xfotf ldNb5 . o:tf] ;fdj]bsf] :j¿k x]bf{ ;fdj]bsf sf}y'd zfvfdf
cflr{s / ufg u/L b'O{ ljefu 5g\ . cflr{s efu klg k"jf{lr{s / pQ/flr{s u/L b'O{
efudf ljeSt eO{ b'j}df u/]/ !*&% dGqx¿ ;ª\u|lxt 5g\ . ufgefudf k|s[lt ufg –
u|fd]u]o / c/0o]u]o_ tyf ljs[lt ufg -pmxufg / pmx\oufg_ df @^@& ;fdufgx¿
;ª\slnt 5g\ . sf}y'd zfvfsf cf7cf]6f a|fx\d0f u|Gyx¿ 5g\ eg] ;fdj]bLo cf/0os
tnaaf/ xf] . o;nfO{ h}ldgLof]klgifb\a|fx\d0f klg elgG5 . o;} a|fx\d0fsf] rf}yf]
cWofosf] bzd v08df kl9Psf] s]gf]klgifb\ tyf 5fGbf]Uof]klgifb\ o;sf b'O{ pklgifb\
k|d'v b; pklgifb\dWo] kb{5g\ . o;/L ;fdj]bsf w]/} ;flxTo eP klg ljBfnob]lv
ljZjljBfno;Ddsf] kf7\oj|mdcg';f/ k7gkf7g ubf{ k|foMh;f] ;fdj]bLo u|Gyx¿sf]
cWoog x'g ;Dej 5 .
;fdj]b k9\g], k9fpg] tf}/tl/sf l;sfpg] u|Gy gf/bLo lzIff xf] . To;sf/0f gf/blo
lzIffnfO{ klg o; kf7\oj|mddf oyf]lrt :yfg lbO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ‫ޕ‬
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ dfWolds tx pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{
;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= ;fdj]bsf] sf}y'd zfvfsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L o;nfO{ JoSt ug{,
@= j}lbs k/Dk/f cg'¿k dGqx¿ ;:j/ z'4;“u kf7 ug{,
#= cfkm\gf] kf7\oef/df /x]sf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4 / :ki6 ¿kdf k|of]u ug{,
$= ;fdj]bsf dGqx¿nfO{ z'4;“u n]Vg,
%= j]bn] lglb{i6 u/]sf kf7\oj|md cg'¿k cfr/0fx¿sf] j0f{g ug'{sf ;fy} o;sf]
k/Dk/fnfO{ /Iff ug{,
^= ;fdj]bsf ;ft :j/af6 zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf ;Kt :j/sf] pb\ud tyf
ljsf;af/] ;fdfGo 1fg u/L atfpg,
&= ;fdj]bsf] ;fdfGo ¿kdf cf}lrTo atfpg .
172
;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ sIff ( pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= clUg / OGb|sf :t'ltk/s CSkf7x¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= ljljw b]jtf / ;+:sf/ ;Da4 CSkf7sf dGqx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
#= ufoqflb ;fdufgx¿ x:t:j/;lxt s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ljljw b]jtf / ;+:sf/ ;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y ug{,
%= ;fdufgsf ufoq, ks{ o1fo1Lo a[xT;fd h:tf gfdx¿af6 ;fdufgsf dGqx¿
s07:y atfpg,
^= ;ft :j/x¿ s] s] x'g\ / ;fdj]bdf s;/L pRrf/0f Pjd\ k|o'St x'G5g\ eGg]
atfpg,
&= pbfQ, cg'bfQ / :jl/t :j/x¿sf] nIf0f atfpg, n]Vg / k|of]u ug{,
*= :j/d08n -;ft:j/, u|fd, d"5{gf, tfg_ sf] ljz]if 1fgn] zf:qLo ;ËLtsf
:j/x¿ ;fdj]baf6 k|efljt x'g\ eGg] tYo JoSt ug{,
(= bLKtflb>'ltx¿sf] pRrf/0f ljlw a'emL atfpg .
;fdj]b ljifo lnO{ sIff !) pQL0f{ u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿ lgDglnlvt sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]
5g\ M
!= Cu\ cIf/x¿ dfly ;ft:j/;lxt ufg ul/g] x'b“ f ljljw b]jtf;Da4 ;fdufgsf
cfwf/e"t CSkf7sf dGqx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= OGb|sf :tltk/s CSkf7x¿ xftdf cª\u'ln–rfng ;lxt kf7 ug{,
#= :jl:tjfrg / clUgi6f]ddf 3df{]kfs/0f ;df/f]k0f;DaGwL ;fdufgx¿ ;:j/
s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ?b|;"St / OGb|:t'lt;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y ;:j/ kf7 ug{,
%= j|m'i6, k|yd, låtLo, t[tLo, rt'y{, dGb| / clt:jf/ u/]sf k|d'v :j/ / gdg,
ljgt, cleuLt h:tf ;xfos :j/x¿ hfGg / pRrf/0f ug{,
^= zf:qLo ljlwcg';f/ ;f]dofusf] cg'aGWo–kz'k|of]u;Da4 ufg / ljljw b]jtf
;Da4 ;fdufgx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
&= ;fdgfdsf cfwf/df ;fdufgsf k|tLsx¿ p7fO{ gfdcg';f/sf] ufg s07:y
atfpg,
*= j]bfWoog ubf{ :j/x¿sf] pRrf/0f / xftdf cª\u'ln–lgj]zg s;/L ug]{ eGg]
s'/f hfGg / b]vfpg,
(= ;fdj]bdf ePsf sDkg, /]km, xsf/, ljj[lQ, :j/elSt tyf pb\uftfsf lgodsf
;fy} ;fdufgsf] nfe k|fKt u/L atfpg .
173
j|m=;+= ljifoj:t' kf7\oj:t' lzIf0fljlw kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= clUg / OGb|sf :t'ltk/s ;fdj]b ;+lxtfsf] k|yd k|kf7ssf] kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] @) !#
CSkf7 k"jf{ª\u cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd ;:j/,
dGqf]Rf/fg';f/0f ug]{
@= clUg / a|x\d0f:klt cflb ;fdj]b ;+lxtfsf] k|yd k|kf7s kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !@
b]jtf :t'lt k|o'St CSkf7 pRrf/0ffg';f/ j}bls k/Dk/fadf]lhd
;:j/, dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{
#= ufoqflb ;fdufgx¿ u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf k|yd kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !@
k|kf7ssf] k"jf{ª\u pRrf/0ffg';f/ j}bls k/Dk/fadf]lhd
$= ljljw ;+:sf/;Da4 u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf k|yd k|kf7s kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] @) !#
ufgdGqx¿ pRrf/0ffg';f/ j}bls k/Dk/fadf]lhd
%= ljlzi6:j/ / ?b|flb b]jtf u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf k|yd kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] @) !#
:t'lt k|o'St ;fdufgx¿ k|kf7ssf] k"jf{4{ pRrf/0ffg';f/ j}bls k/Dk/fadf]lhd
^= pkfsdf{lb ;+:sf/ k|o'St u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf k|yd kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] !% !@
;fdufgx¿ k|kf7ssf] pQ/fª\u pRrf/0ffg';f/ j}bls k/Dk/fadf]lhd
174
&= gf/bLo lzIffsf] k|yd != dª\unfr/0f != ;:j/jfrrg $% @%
k|kf7s @= :j/d08n -;ft:j/, u|fd, @= JofVofg
d"5{gf, tfg_ sf] 1fg #= tflnsfåf/f :j/, u|fd, d"5{gf tfg
#= /Stflb ufgsf b; u'0fx¿ cflbsf] k|bz{g / JofVofg
$= :j/x¿sf] j0f{ljefu $= ufgsf ;ft:j/ / kz'kIfLsf]
%= ;Kt:j/ kz'kIfLsf] Wjlgdf Wjlgx¿nfO{ >Job[Zosf] dfWodaf6
kfOg] k|;ª\u 1fg u/fpg] .
^= ufgsf nIf0fx¿ %= sIffdf ePsf] pRrf/0fsf cj;/df
>'ltnIf0f / lrx\gadf]lhd >'ltx¿
&= bLKtf, cfotf, s?0ff, d[b', 5'6\ofpg cEof; u/fpg] .
dWodf >'ltsf k|sf/
^= pbfQ, cg'bfQ, :jl/t / cGo
*= cflr{s :Jf/sf :j¿k tyf CSkf7;DaGWfL :j/x¿sf] :j¿k
k|sf/ lrXg;lxt x:tk|bz{gaf6 1fg
u/fpg] .
hDdf !%) !))
175
j|m=;+= ljifo kf7\oj:t' lzIf0fljlw kf7\oef/ k"0ff{ª\s
!= clUg, jfo', cflbTo cflb ;fdj]b ;+lxtfsf] låtLo kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs @) !#
b]jtf;Da4 ufgsf k|kf7ssf] k"jf{ª\u k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
cfwf/e"t CSkf7 :j/fg';f/ pRrf/0f ug]{
@= OGb|sf :t'ltk|o'St ;fdj]b ;+lxtfsf] låtLo k|kf7s kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs !% !@
CSkf7x¿ -;a}_ k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
:j/fg';f/ pRrf/0f ug]{
#= :jl:tjfrg / clUgi6f]d u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf t[tLo kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs @) !#
-;f]dofu_ df cf;lGbdf k|kf7ssf] k"jf{ª\u k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
3df]{kfs/0f ;df/f]k0fflb :j/fg';f/ pRrf/0f ug]{
k|o'St ufgx¿
$= ?b|;"St / OGb|:'tlt k|o'St u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf t[tLo kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs @) !#
ufgx¿ k|kf7ssf] pQ/fª\u k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
% j|'mi6flb:j/ljlzi6 Pjd\ u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf rt'y{ kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs !% !@
cg'aGWokz' ;Da4 ufg'x¿ k|kf7ssf] k"jf{4{ k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
^= ljljw b]jtf ;Da4 ufgx¿ u|fd]u]oufg ;+lxtf rt'y{ k|kf7s kßf;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ j}lbs @) !@
k/Dk/fcg';f/ u'?d'vf]Rrf/0f tyf x:t
&= gf/bLolzIff låtLo k|kf7s != hfToflb:Jf/ != ;:j/jfrg $) @%
@= x|:j / bL3{, sDkg, /]km, @= JofVofg
xsf/sf] pRrf/0f k|sf/ #= k"j{tof/L
#= k|ro:j/ / cju|xsf $= tflnsf k|bz{g / JofVofg
176
kl/ro %= pbfx/0fåf/f :j/e]b k|Vofkg
$= ljj[lQ:j¿k tyf k|sf/ ^= kf7df k|of]u ePsf ljifoj:t'sf]
1fg pRrf/0f / k|of]u 1fg
%= :j/elSt &= sIffdf k|ToIf ljlwåf/f j]bsf]
^= kbsf] :j/nIf0f ;xL pRrf/0fsf] 1fg .
&= pb\uft[lgod Pjd\ *= lzIff u|Gy ;+lxtfsf] ;xL
;fdj]bk7gsf] kmn pRrf/0f ug{ nufpg] ePsfn]
lzIffsf lgod / ;+lxtfsf]
pRrf/0faf/] t'ngfTds
cWoogtk{m Wofg lbg] .
hDdf !%) !))
177
k|frLgsfnb]lv g} ;fdj]b ljifosf] cfkm\g} df}lns ljlzi6 lzIf0f ljlwsf] k/Dk/f
%= j]b k9fpg] lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfr/0f, cfxf/ljxf/, kf];fs cflb
178
n]lvlbg] / pSt Crfdf k|o'Qm ePsf :j/x¿ k':ts x]/]/
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ g} eg{ nufpg] . :j/x¿ ebf{ uNtL ePdf cfk"mn]
;RofOlbg] .
atfOlbg] .
ug{ nufpg] .
lbg'k5{ .
179
!^= df= lj= txdf u/fOg] j]bfWoog k/Dk/fut dfq geP/ cf}krfl/s klg x'g]
ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
ug'{k5{ .
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
180
eGg] k|Zg u/]/ .
181
P]lR5s CSj]b
sIff ( / !)
-s_ kl/ro
j]bx¿df CUj]b dGq;ª\Vof, k|ltkfbg ljifo / cfsf/sf b[li6n] ljzfnsfo u|Gy
dflgG5 . 1fglj1fgsf] e08f/ dflgPsf], ljZjsf] cfBjfª\do, ckf}?if]o u|Gy /Tg
CUj]bsf @! zfvfx¿sf] rrf{ kfOP klg jt{dfg ;dodf k"0f{ ¿kdf zfsn gfds
zfvf dfq pknAw b]lvG5 . Jof; lzio k}n Clifaf6 lzio k|lzio x'+b} cfPsf]
CUj]bsf] cfh klg k/Dk/fut 9+un] g} cWoog cWofkg eO/x]sf] 5 .
;fdfGot dw'R5Gbflb Clifx¿åf/f clUgOGb|j?0fflb b]jtfx¿sf] :t'lt ul/Psf
Crfx¿ g} CUj]bdf 5g\ . b]jt'No eP/ b]jtfx¿sf] cf/fwgf ug'{k5{ . ‘b]jf] e"Tjf b]j+
oh]t\’ eGg] d"n dd{ CUj]båf/f cjut x'G5 . wfld{s / cfWoflTds ljifosf ;fy;fy}
cfw'lgs ef}lts zf:q;Da4 / ljifox¿ klg CUj]bdf oy]i6 jl0f{t 5g\ . dfgj
hLjgsf] ;j{kIfLo sfo{snfksf] / k|frLg dfgjLo ;Eotf ;d]tsf] ljz]if rrf{ ePsf]
CUj]b ;a} dfgjx¿sf] pkof]uL u|Gy xf] . To;}n] rf/} j]bx¿sf] k7gkf7g u/fpg]
j|mddf CUj]bsf] of] kf7\oj|md to ul/Psf] xf] .
CUj]bdf ci6s / d08nj|mdn] b'O{ e]b 5g\ . ci6s j|mdleq ci6s, cWofo / ju{
kb{5g\ . ci6s eGgfn] cf7 cWofksx¿sf] ;d"x xf] . o;df cf7 ci6s, ^$ cWofo,
@)@$ ju{x¿ 5g\ . d08nj|mdcg';f/ d08n, ;"St / Crfx¿ k5{g\ . CUj]bdf
hDdf b; d08n, @)@* ;"Stx¿ -afnlvNo ;"St;lxt_ / !)%%@ Crfx¿ 5g\ .
CUj]b;+lxtfsf pknAw a|fx\d0fx¿df P]t/]o / zf+vfog u/L b'O{ a|fx\d0f u|Gy 5g\ .
To;} u/L cf/0os u|Gyx¿df P]t/]ofVos / zfª\vfogf/0os b'O{ ;d'knAw b]lvG5g\ .
k|d'v pklgifb\ u|Gyx¿df P]t/]of]klgifb\ / sf}ifLtSo'klgifb\ /x]sf 5g\ .
of] sIff ( / !) sf] kf7\oj|md d08nj|mdsf] ljefhgnfO{ a9L P]ltxfl;s tyf
j}1flgs dflgPsf] x'“bf ;f]cg';f/ g} /flvPsf] 5 .
CS;ª\Vofdf ljåfg\x¿sf dtdtfGt/ eP klg clwsf+z CUj]bfWofoLx¿ o;}
;ª\VofnfO{ k|fdfl0fs dfGb5g\ .
-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo
P]lR5s CSj]b ljifo cjnDag u/L dfWolds txsf] cWoog k"/f u/]kl5 ljBfyL{x¿
!= CUj]b zfsn zfvfsf] cv08 k/Dk/fnfO{ 1fg u/L To;sf] cfTd;ft\ ug{,
@= CUj}lbs u'? k/Dk/fcg'¿k x:t ;~rfngk"j{s Crfx¿ z'4 kf7 ug{,
#= lgwf{l/t kf7\oef/df /x]sf Crfx¿nfO{ z'4 / :ki6 ¿kdf ug{,
$= kf7\oj|md ;Da4 CUj]bsf Crfx¿nfO{ z'4;“u n]Vg,
%= j]bn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] cfr/0f kfng ug'{sf ;fy} o;sf] k/Dk/fnfO{ cfTd;ft\
ug{,
182
^= kf7\oj|mddf cfwfl/t sd{sf08df k|o'St Crfx¿ ;:j/ kf7 ug{,
&= CUj]bfWoogsf] ;fdfGo ¿kn] cf}lrTo atfpg,
*= CUj]bsf] ;f/ :j/sf af/] 1fg u/L atfpg / k|of]u ug{ .

sIff ( df lgwf{l/t P]lR5s CUj]b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt
sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= dw'R5Gbf Clifb[i6 Crfx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= d]wfltly, s0j, k|:s0j / uf]dt Clifx¿ b[i6 Crfx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
#= zflGt, ;f]d, ljZj]b]jf, zf]sx/0f, piff/flq / ?b| ;"Stx¿sf Crfx¿ ;:j/
s07:y kf7 ug{,
$= ;"o{, piff, clUg, lji0f' / cfk|L;"Stut Crfx¿ ;:j/ s07:y kf7 ug{,
%= cfTd1fg, d?t\ lkt[ / ljifWgf]klgifb\ ;"Stut Crfx¿ s07:y kf7 ug{,
^= CUj]bLo j0f{x¿sf] ;ª\Vofsf af/]df atfpg,
&= ;jgcg';f/ 5Gb / :jl/tsf] nIf0f atfpg,
*= CUj]bsf ;f/:j/x¿ atfpg,
(= pbfQ, cg'bfQ, :jl/t, k|ro / sDk:j/x¿sf] :j/fª\sg ug{,
!)= dfqfsfn / e]bk"j{s j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f :yfg eGg,
!!= ;GwoIf/ / gfl;So cg'gfl;So j0f{x¿ atfpg .
sIff !) df lgwf{l/t P]lR5s CUj]b ljifo cWoog u/]kl5 5fq5fqfx¿ lgDglnlvt
sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g] 5g\ M
!= u[T;db Clifb\jf/f b[i6 clUg, OGb|, a|x\d0f:klt b]jtfx¿sf] :t'lt ul/Psf
Crfx¿ ;:j/ s07:y kf7 ug{,
@= ljZjfldq Clif b[i6 clUgb]j ;Da4 Crfx¿ ;:j/ s07:y jfrg ug{,
#= ljZjfldq Clif b[i6 OGb| b]jtfsf] :t'lt ul/Psf Crfx¿ ;:j/ s07:y kf7
ug{,
$= OGb|, ljZj]b]jf / ldqfj?0f b]jtfx¿sf] :t'lt ul/Psf Crfx¿ ;:j/ s07:y
jfrg ug{,
%= k|yd, lb\jtLo / t[tLo d08ncGtu{t clwsf+z Crfx¿ s07:y atfpg,
^= z'4 ¿kn] CUj]bLo j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f / x:t;~rfng ug{,
&= pRrf/0fsf] u'0f / bf]if atfpg,
*= sDk:j/x¿ lrg]/ cª\sg ug{,
(= ljBfdlxdf, ljBfyL{x¿sf] st{Jo / u'?dlxdf ;Da4 pkfo atfpg .
183
!= dw'R5Gbf Clif b[i6 Crfx¿ CUj]b k|yd d08nsf ! kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
b]lv !! ;Ddsf ;a} cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
@= d]wfltly s0j, k|:s0j, CUj]b k|yd d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
uf]td Clifx¿åf/f b[i6 cGtu{tsf !*, !(, @), cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
Crfx¿ @@, $), $#, %), &% / ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
*) ;"Stx¿
#= zflGt, ;f]d, ljZj]b]jf, CUj]b k|yd d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
zf]sx/0f, piff, /flq / ?b| cGtu{tsf *(, (), (!, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd
;"Stx¿sf Crfx¿ (^, (&, (*, ((, !!# / ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
!!$ ;"Stx¿
$= ;"o{ ljZj]b]jf, piff, bfg:t'lt CUj]b k|yd d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
/ lji0f' ;"Stx¿sf Crfx¿ cGtu{tsf !!%, !@@, !@$, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
!@%, !$@, !$^, !%$, ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
!%^ / !%* ;"Stx¿
%= cfTd1fg, d?t\, lkt[ / CUj]b k|yd d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
ljifWgf]klgifb\ ;"Stx¿sf cGtu{tsf !^$, !^^, !*&, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
Crfx¿ !** / !(! ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
184
^= kfl0fgLo tyf zf}gsL != s_ ;:j/jfrg 40 25
lzIffsf] k"jf{w{ efu s_ CUj]bsf j0f{x¿sf] v_ JofVofg
;+Vof u_ tflnsfåf/f JofVofg
v_ ;jgcg';f/ 5Gb / 3_ To;df k|of]u ePsf bGtwfjg
:j/x¿sf] j0f{g ;DaGwL sf7sf] sIffdf k|bz{g
u_ pbfQflb :j/x¿sf] ug]{
kl/ro ª_ x:trfng ug{sf nflu sIffdf
3_ ;GWoIf/ / gfl;So k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg]
:j/x¿sf] klxrfg r_ cWoog ljlw;DaGwL sIffdf
@= dfqf kl/ro / o;sf k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg] .
e]bx¿
#= Cuj]bfWoog /
x:trfng ljlw
hDdf !%) !))
185
!= u[T;db Clifåf/f b[i6 clUg CUj]b låtLo d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
a|x\d0f:klt b]jtfx¿ ;Da4 cGtu{tsf !, (, !@, @!, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
;"Stut Crfx¿ @#, @$ / @% ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
@= u[T;db Clifåf/f b[i6 Ct' CUj]b låtLo d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
clZjg, OGb|, jfo' / cGtu{tsf #&, #(, $), cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
;/:jtLsf] :t'lt ul/Psf $!, $@ / $# ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
Crfx¿
#= ljZjfldq Clifåf/f CUj]b t[tLo d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15

cfTd;ft\ ul/Psf] clUgb]j cGtu{tsf !, @, &, *, !), cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/fadf]lhd
!#, !(, @$, @& / @* ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
;"Stx¿
$= ljZjfldq Clifåf/f CUj]b t[tLo d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15

cfTd;ft\ ul/Psf OGb|b]j cGtu{tsf #), #!, #^, #*, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
;Da4 ;"Stut Crfx¿ $), $! / $@ ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
186
%= dxfj|tofudf k|o'St CUj]b t[tLo d08n kb\df;g jf ;'vf;gdf a;]/ u'?sf] 22 15
lgKs]jNo ;Da4 ;"Stut cGtu{tsf $#, $$, $%, cf1fg';f/ j}lbs k/Dk/f adf]lhd
Crfx¿ %!, %%, %( / ^@ ;"Stx¿ ;:j/ dGqf]Rrf/0f ug]{ .
^= kfl0fgLo tyf zf}gsL != s_ ;:j/jfrg 40 25
lzIffsf] pQ/fw{ efu s_ u'0f / bf]ifo'St pRrf/0f v_ JofVofg
e]bsf] 1fg u_ tflnsfåf/f JofVofg
v_ j]bf+ux¿ j0f{x¿sf] 3_ To;df k|of]u ePsf bGtwfjg
k|oTg e]bsf] kl/ro ;DaGwL sf7sf] sIffdf k|bz{g
u_ pbfQflb :j/x¿sf] låTj ug]{
pRrf/0f x'g] ª_ x:trfng ug{sf nflu sIffdf
lgodx¿sf] pNn]v k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg]
ljljw ;+1f r_ cWoog ljlw;DaGwL sIffdf
3_ :j/ / Cuy{sf] j0f{g k|of]ufTds tl/sf ckgfpg] .
@= :j/x¿sf] pRrf/0f
:yfgsf] j0f{g
#= ljBf u'?dlxdf ;DaGwL
1fg
hDdf !%) !))
187
k|frLgsfnb]lv g} CSj]b ljifosf] cfkm\g} df}lns ljlzi6 lzIf0f ljlwsf] k/Dk/f
%= j]b k9fpg] lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfr/0f, cfxf/ljxf/, kf];fs cflb
188
n]lvlbg] / pSt Crfdf k|o'Qm ePsf :j/x¿ k':ts x]/]/
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ g} eg{ nufpg] . :j/x¿ ebf{ uNtL ePdf cfk"mn]
;RofOlbg] .
atfOlbg] .
ug{ nufpg] .
lbg'k5{ .
189
!^= df= lj= txdf u/fOg] j]bfWoog k/Dk/fut dfq geP/ cf}krfl/s klg x'g]
ug'{kb{5 .
lbg'kb{5 M
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
ug'{k5{ .
n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ .
190
eGg] k|Zg u/]/ .
191

RS732 - Combined Curriculum Sanskrit 2068 PDF

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dfWolds lzIff kf7\oj|mdcGtu{t ;+:s[t

kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|

© kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|df ;'/lIft

j|m=;+= zLif{s k[i7;ª\Vof

-s_ lzIffsf /fli6«o p2]Zo 5

-v_ lzIffsf ;+/rgf 5

-u_ lzIffsf] dfWod 5

-3_ txut p2]Zo 5

-ª_ kf7\oj|md 9f“rf 6

-r_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof 9

@= P]lR5s sd{sf08 -j]bljBf>d ;+dflj_ 20

#= P]lR5s j]b -;+dflj_ 34

$= P]lR5s kmlnt Hof]ltif 45

-v_ Jofs/0f v08 k"0ff{ª\s M $)

ljifo k"0ff{ª\s ljifo k"0ff{ª\s

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff !)_

%= lj;u{;lGw cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ;lGwePsf / ;lGw gePsf !) %

&= chGt k'+lnª\u cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL @% @)

(= chGt gk'+;slnª\u cfudg, lgudg, k|Zgf]Q/, ljleGg zAbx¿sf] ¿kfjnL % %

sIff !) sf] d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDgfg';f/ cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M

-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff (_

-r_ ljifj:t'sf] If]q / j|md tflnsf -sIff !)_

&=@ ef:s/Lo aLh -cJoSt_ ul0ftlzIf0f

-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof

*=! ul0ft -nLnfjtL_ sf] d"Nofª\sg

ljifoj:t'sf] If]qcg';f/ cª\s ljefhg tflnsf -sIff !)_

-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff (_

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff !)_

hDdf !%) !))

sIff !) sf] ljifoj:t'sf] If]qcg';f/ cª\s ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M

-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff !)_

-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof

hDdf !%) !))

!= uB k|aGw != lzj/fh g}lts, JofVofg, k|jrg, k|aGw syf;“u ;Da4 #) @)

!= uB k|aGw lzj/fh ljhosf] P]ltxfl;s JofVofg, k|jrg, Zofdk6\6, rs, 8:6/, #) @)

@= kB dxfsfJo /3'j+zsf] låtLo ;f+:s[lts JofVofg, k|jrg, sfJo lglb{i6 b[Zosf #) @)

#= uB syf k~rtGqaf6 kf}/fl0fs, JofVofg, vf]h, lrq, Zofdk6\6, rs, !% !)

hDdf !%) !))

-cf_ syg;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk

-O_ k7g;Lk;“u ;DalGwt lzIf0fl;sfO lj|mofsnfk

-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof

-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff (_

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff !)_

-v_ xl/tflnsf -v_ xl/tflnsf k"hfljlw – afn'jfsf] lzjlnª\u – zAbkQL,

-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff !)_

!= uB gLlt syf ^ gLlt syf JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, %% $)

# uB hLjgL ! cGt//fli6«o Voflt JofVofg, k|Zgf]Q/, rs, 8:6/, lrq, !) %

-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff (_

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff –!)_

-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff !)_

-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

-u_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff (_

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zox¿ -sIff –!)_

-r_ ljifoj:t'sf] If]q / j|md -sIff !)_

-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof

-3_ ljlzi6 p2]Zo -sIff –!)_

%= hfts - -c_ Oi6sfn k|bz{g, cfudg, @% !%

-h_ d"Nofª\sg k|lj|mof

-v_ ;fwf/0f p2]Zo

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