588 9.

Limit Analysis of Engineering Struetures

of no importanee that the approximating surfaee euts through the aetual

yield surfaee outside of the region of interest if eare is take n to restriet its
use to within the region of validity.
As in the eylinder ease, as su mi ng an ideal sandwieh seetion, the exaet
yield surfaee ean be linearized and an inseribing polyhedron yield surfaee
is obtained (Hodge, 1954). Other approximations proposed by Drueker and
Shield (1959) are shown in Fig. 9.49a,b. A eonvex cireumseribing surfaee
of (a) co ns ists of a parabolie eylinder and four eutoff planes. The hexagonal
prism of (b) is simpler but is by no me ans as good a fit at some points.
Redueing all of its dimensions by the faetor H.JS -1) or 0.618 produees an
inseribed surfaee. Upper bounds based upon the eireumseribed hexagonal
prism and lower bounds eomputed with the inseribed prism will be too far
apart for many engineering purposes. If, however, a ~-size prism is drawn,
it lies inside the aetual yield surfaee of Fig. 9.48 over an extended range.
This may be seen from the ~-prism seetions shown by dashed lines in
Fig. 9.4ge,d.
Some problems of shelIs of revolution have been treated by Onat and
Prager (1954) for a spherieal eap and by Drueker and Shield (1959) for a

B ( b )
(a )
B

(d)
(e ) 3
-v-"4 Prlsm

1
~;-- F--

"8
FIGURE 9.49. (a) Cireumseribed yield surfaee. (b) Simpler eireumseribed yield
surfaee. (e) Yield eurve for n</> = o. (d) Yield eurve for no = o.