Lab Assignments for

Aircraft Environmental Control

飞行器环境控制实验指导书

Lab Assignment 1: Experiment of Atmosphere

Lab Assignment 2: Aircraft Environmental Control System

Experiment

Class: 1915611
Student ID: 191561162.
Name: 杰克逊.
Date of Experiment: 2018 Nov. 23rd

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 Lab Assignment 1
Experiment of Atmosphere

A) Objectives of the experiment

(1) To measure the variation of atmospheric pressure with altitude
(2) To investigate the relationship of the temperature and pressure of the boiling point
of water.

B) Experiment principles and schematic of the test rig

Altitude simulation cabin
The altitude simulation cabin, which plays an important role in this experiment, is used to
simulate the atmosphere pressure of different altitudes.

Vacuum system
The vacuum system is composed of a vacuum pump, an altitude simulation cabin and
ducts. The cabin altitude is realized by pumping air out of the altitude simulation cabin
with the vacuum pump.
Measuring system and control valves
The measuring system is intended to measure parameters such as altitudes and temperatures.
The system is mainly made up of the altitude meter, vacuum meter, and temperature measuring

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 device. The control valves control the altitude of the cabin.

Electric heater
The electric heater heats up the water, so that the relationship of the boiling point of
water and altitude can be observed.

Pic 1. Altitude simulation cabin in the lab

C) Experimental Methodology
(3) Experiment of the atmospheric pressure variation with altitude.
The vacuum pump was actuated. The altitude meter was being observed while opening
valve A slowly to let the altitude increase gradually.
Valve A were until the altitude stabilized at a certain value. The corresponding data was
read from the altitude meter and vacuum meter and recorded in Table 1.

(4) Experiment of the relationship of water boiling point and the barometric pressure.
Continuing from the above experiment, valve A was slowly opened until cabin altitude
rose up to 16km and stabilized.
The electric heater was switched on and the temperature meter was read to observe the
water temperature change.
The water was observed to boil when there are a lot of bubbles rising. The altitude and
water temperature were recorded in Table 2.
Valve A was turned and adjusted to reduce the altitude to the desired degree and make
the altitude stable. And the above step was repeated 5 times.

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 The electric heater was switched off, and the electric heater and the water container were
taken out from the altitude simulation cabin.

Pic 2. Final step of the experiment

Results

Table 1 Variation of atmospheric pressure with the altitude

Altitude（km） *Pressure (MPa) Altitude（km） *Pressure (MPa)
0 0.0000 10 0.0755
2 0.0225 12 0.0825
4 0.0405 14 0.0875
6 0.0550
8 0.0665

*Note: the pressure recorded is the result of pressure in the room subtracted from the
actual pressure. Therefore, the actual pressure is calculated by subtracting the resultant
(recorded) pressure by the pressure in the room.

Derived data and unit conversion:

Pressure in the room: P0=102.42kPa
Example: altitude=6km

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 MPa to kPa:
0.0545MPa x 1000 = 54.5kPa
Pactual:
Pactual=P0-Precorded
Pactual=102.42kPa-54.5kPa
Pactual=47.92kPa

Table 1.1(derived) Variation of atmospheric pressure with the altitude

Altitude（km） Pressure (kPa) Altitude（km） Pressure (kPa)
0 102.1 10 26.6
2 79.6 12 19.6
4 61.6 14 14.6
6 47.1
8 35.6

Graph of atmospheric pressure against altitude

120

100
Atmosphericpressure(kPa)

80
atmospheric pressure
60

40

20

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Altitude (km)

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 Table 2 Relationship of the boiling point of water and the altitude
Altitude （km） *Pressure (MPa) Boiling point （℃）
14 0.0875 53.0
12 0.0825 59.8
10 0.0755 66.6
8 0.0665 73.4
6 0.0550 80.1
4 0.0405 86.7
2 0.0225 93.4
0 0.0000 100.3
*Note: recorded pressure has to go through the same conversion as in for table 1.
Altitude （km） Pressure (kPa) Boiling point （℃）
14 14.6 53.0
12 19.6 59.8
10 26.6 66.6
8 35.6 73.4
6 47.1 80.1
4 61.6 86.7
2 79.6 93.4
0 102.1 100.3

Table 2.1 (derived) Relationship of the boiling point of water and the altitude

Boiling point of water vs Altitude

120

100
Boiling point (oC)

80

60
boiling point
40

20

0
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Altitude(km)

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 Pic 3. The altitude and vacuum meter
2 Conclusion
The experiment described how the pressure, and boiling point of water change, decrease,
with the increase in altitude. And also it gave us a clear picture on what happens for instance
when one is on the top of the mountain and decides t boil water as we all know the higher you
go the cooler it becomes which means pressure decreases and water wont boil at 100degrees
Celsius but it will boil bellow 100, this depending on the altitude. The other conclusion or
interesting phenomena is that we see the airplane having a higher pressure in the cabin
compared to outside pressure thus giving us a comfortable environment to survive.