ASSIGNMENT 4

PAKISTAN STUDIES

NAME: Saad Bin Hassan ( 17u00680)

SECTION: K2

15 MARKS

Write a note on how the 14 points of Jinnah, Simla Deputation, and RTCs?

What in your opinion was a reasonable approach to this situation?

Jinnah produced his fourteen points in response to the Nehru Report in 1929. Jinnah wanted
seperate Muslim electorates in the Indian Govt. so that muslims could have representation of
1/3 in every decision made by the government of India. Nehru Report said that there should
be joint electorates which was automatically declared as against the Muslims of India and
they opposed it. That is why Jinnah produced his fourteen points.Urdu was the official
language of Muslims in India from a very long time and they recognized it a language for the
muslims after Arabic. The Nehru Report said that Hindi should be made the official language
of India which was rejected by all the Muslims as it was against their choices and instead
they wanted Urdu in place of Hindi.

This was why Jinnah produced his fourteen points to establish Urdu as the official
language.Jinnah wanted full provincial autonomy for the muslims while the Nehru Report
said that the powers will be with the Central Government. This meant that Hindus were in
majority and they would win the elections being the Central Government. This will result in
muslims being suppressed and permenently in the minority. To restrict Nehru from doing so,
Jinnah produced his 14 points.

The Simla deputation proved a landmark in the history of modern India, because for the very
first time the Hindu-Muslim conflict, which stared with the Urdu-Hindi controversy, was
lifted to the constitutional plane. The Indians were not satisfied with the Indian council Act of
1892. Especially, the act failed to ensure the fair representation of Muslims. So, the Indians
were agitating for more power. Due to the growing political pressure and increasing social
unrest, the British Government decided to make constitutional reforms relating to the
electoral bodies. On 20th July 1906 John Morley the Secretary of State for Indian affairs,
speaking on the Indian budget in the British parliament, announced that the Government
wanted to increase the number of seats for the legislative councils and also their powers.

John Morley announcement created an anxiety among the Muslims of the sub-continent. The
proposed reforms, if implemented, as was demanded by the Congress, would have suppressed
the Muslims more under the Hindu Majority. Muslim leaders were of the view that neither
elections nor nominations are fulfilled the requirements of the Indian Muslims, and that they
needed a certain number of seats in both the central and provincial councils. Their seats
should be filled up by votes of their own community.

The Simla deputation was unique, because for the first time Muslims were anxious to take
their share in the political activities as a separate identity. Another purpose of the delegation
was to get a silent permission form the Government to make a political platform for the
representation of Muslims, and also was to take the Government into confidence. The
demand of separate electorates, which were presented through the deputation, was the
foundation of all future constitutional amendments for India. The inevitable consequence of
deputation was the partition of Indian and the emergence of Pakistan.

RTC:

• The first session of the RTC began in London on 12th November 1930.

• All parties were represented except the Congress (Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs,
Christians).

• The most important decision taken at the conference was the approval of a federal
system for India.

• They also agreed on giving Sindh a separate identity and for establishing a
responsible government in the province.

The deliberations of the minorities could not reach a conclusion.