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Boundary Conditions
or alternatively, n × ( E 1 − E 2) = 0
• It follows that the tangential component of the electric field
is continuous (no magnetic current is assumed)
EE750, 2003, Dr. Mohamed Bakr 3
Finite Conductivity Case (Cont’d)
or alternatively, n × ( H 1 − H 2) = 0
• It follows that the tangential component of the magnetic
field intensity is continuous if there are no boundary
electric currents
or alternatively, n.( D1 − D 2) = 0
• But as D = ε 1, 2 E
n n
=
ε 2
n n
1, 2 1, 2 E 1 E2
ε1
• Normal components of the electric field are
discontinuous across the interface
EE750, 2003, Dr. Mohamed Bakr 5
Finite Conductivity Case (Cont’d)
or alternatively, n.( B1 − B 2) = 0
µ2 n
• But as B = µ 1, 2 H 1, 2 H =
n n n
1, 2 H2
µ1
1
=
n ε 2 n
discontinuous normal electric field
E 1 E2
ε1
n.( B1 − B 2) = 0 , no interface magnetic surface charges
µ2 n
H = discontinuous normal magnetic field
n
H2
µ1
1
ε1, µ1, σ1 So
Co
E2, H2
∆y
ε2, µ2, σ2 ∆x
lim ∫∫ D.dS = 0
∆y → 0 S
n × ( H 1 − H 2) = Js
− n × ( E 1 − E 2) = µ s
n.( B1 − B 2) = q ms
or alternatively,
∇ • ( E × H ) = − H • ( µi + µ d ) − E • ( J i + J c + J d )
V V V
=dissipated power (W)
∂B ∂H
P m = ∫∫∫ H • µd dV = ∫∫∫ H • dV = ∫∫∫ µH • dV
V V ∂t V ∂t
∂ 1 ∂
P m = ∫∫∫ µ H dV = W m = magnetic power
2
∂t V 2 ∂t
W m = magnetic energy ∂D ∂E
Pe = ∫∫∫ E • J d dV = ∫∫∫ E • dV = ∫∫∫ εE • dV
V V ∂t V ∂t
∂ 1 ∂
Pe = ∫∫∫ ε E dV = W e=magnetic power
2
∂t V 2 ∂t
W e = electric energy
P s = P o + P d + ∂ (W e + W m ) / ∂t conservation of EM energy
EE750, 2003, Dr. Mohamed Bakr 20