1.

A surveying instructor sent out six groups of students measure a distance between two points
marked on the ground. The students came up with the following six different values: 250.25;
250.15; 249.90; 250.50; and 251.22 meters. Assuming these values are equally reliable and that
variations result from accidental errors, determine the most probable value of the distance
measured.
2. The angles about a point Q have the following observed values 130°15’20”, 142°37’30”, and
87°07’40”. Determine the most probable value of each angle.
3. The observed interior angles of a triangle are A = 35°14’37”, B = 96°30’09”, and C = 48°15’05”.
Determine the discrepancy for the given observation and the most probable value of each angle.
4. The following values were determined in a series of tape measurements of a line: 1000.58,
1000.40, 1000.38, 1000.48, 1000.40, and 1000.46 meters. Determine the following:
a. Most probable value of the measured length.
b. Probable error of a single measurement and probable error of the mean

c. Final expression for the most probable length

d. Relative precision of the measurement

5. Four measurements of a distance were recorded as 284.18, 284.19, 284.22, and 284.20 meters
and given weights of 1, 3, 2, and 4, respectively. Determine the weighted mean.
6. It is desired to determine the most probable value of an angle which has been measured at
different times by different observers with equal care. The values observed were as follows:
74°39’45” (in two measurements), 74°39’27” (in four measurements), and 74°39’35” (in six
measurements).
7. . Lines of levels to establish the elevation of a point are run over four different routes. The
observed elevations of the point with probable errors are given below. Determine the most
probable value of the elevation of the point.

8. The interior angles A, B, and C of a triangular traverse were measured with same precision. The
results were as follows:
9. The three sides of a triangular – shaped of land is given by the following measurements and
corresponding probable errors: a = 162.54 ± 0.03 m, b = 234.26 ± 0.05 m, and c = 195.70 ± 0.04
m. Determine the probable error of the sum and the most probable value of the perimeter.
10. The two sides of a rectangular lot were measured with certain estimated probable errors as
follows: W = 253.36 ± 0.06 m and L = 624.15 ± 0.08 m. Determine the area of the lot and the
probable error in the resulting calculation.

1.2

A. what is the weight of route 2 assuming weight of route 1 is equal to 1.

b. If the elevation of bm 1 is 650.42m, what is the elevation of bm 2 assuming it is higher than bm 1

1.1

a. compute the probble weight of trial 3

b. compute the elevation of b if elevation of 1 is 1000 with b higher than a.