Moral & Morality

A N ISLA MIC PER SPET T IVE

Faith & Ethics

Righteous
• Cleanse the Deeds • Faith &
attitude • Cleanse the Righteous
towards the attitude deeds lead to
Creator towards fellow Paradise
being
Faith Paradise
‫‪3‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُٔ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬

‫ﲻﻞ اﻟَّﺼﺎِﳊﺎِت ﻓﺎْوﻟِﺌﻚ ﻟُﻬﻢْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْٔ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫و‪ #‬ﯾﺎِﺗِﻪ ﻣﺆِﻣﻨﺎ ﻗﺪ‬
‫َ َّ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ِ ْ َ َْ‬ ‫َّ َ َ ُ ُْ‬
‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺎت اﻟﻌﻼ )‪ (75‬ﺟﻨﺎت ﻋﺪٍن ﲡِﺮي ‪ #‬ﲢِﳤﺎ‬
‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َّ‬ ‫َٔ ْ َ ُ َ‬
‫اﻻﳖﺎر ﺧﺎﻟ ِِﺪ‪ Q‬ﻓِﳱﺎ وذﻟ ِﻚ ﺟﺰاء ‪V #‬ﰽ )‪(76‬‬
4

And he who comes before Him as a

believer having done righteous deeds,
exalted ranks are for such people,
evergreen gardens beneath which streams
flow and they shall abide therein forever.
This shall be the reward of those who
purify themselves. (20:75-76)
Fundamental Questions:
5
Means
• through which a person can know what
good and evil is

Real Motive
• which impels a person to purify his morals

Objective
‫‪7‬‬

‫َوﻧَْﻔٍﺲ َّوَﻣﺎ َﺳّٰﻮﯨﻬﺎَ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َﻓﺎﻟَﻬَﻤَﻬﺎ ﲾ ُْﻮَرَﻫﺎ َوﺗﻘٰﻮﯨﻬﺎَ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ #‬زﻛﯩﻬﺎَ‬‫ّٰ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َﻗْﺪ اﻓﻠَﺢ ْ‬
‫َ‬
‫‪َ #‬دّٰﺳـﯩَﻬﺎ ۝‪ۭ10‬‬ ‫َوَﻗْﺪ َﺧﺎَب َ ْ‬
‫۽‬
8

And the soul bears witness and the

perfection given to it, then [God] inspired
it with its evil and its good that he
succeeded who purified it and he failed
who corrupted it. (91:7-10)
‫‪9‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ارِﺟِ‪ِٕ o‬اﱃ رﺑِِﻚ راِﺿﯿﺔ ﻣﺮِﺿﯿﺔ )‪ (28‬ﻓﺎدﺧِﲇ ِﰲ ِﻋﺒﺎِدي )‪(29‬‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ‬
‫وادﺧِﲇ ﺟﻨِﱵ )‪(30‬‬
10

O you whose heart remained content [with his

Lord in times of comfort and distress]! Return
unto your Lord, such that He is pleased with you
and you are pleased with Him. [Return] and enter
among My servants and enter My Paradise.
(89:27-30)
Model of Self Development:
11
• Physical • Intellectual

Body Mind

Heart Soul
• Emotional • Spiritual
Nafs-e-Mutmainna
= :98 Satisfied
><;  5 ِ

Nafs-e-Lawwama
A‫ ?ا‬5
ِ
Check Post

Nafs-e-Ammara
‫رہ‬B‫ ا‬5
ِ
Produces Desire
Fundamental Principle:
14
‫‪15‬‬

‫ﷲ َﯾْٔﺎُﻣُﺮ ابﻟَْﻌْﺪل َوإِﻻْﺣَﺴﺎن َوِٕاﯾَﺘﺎِء ِذي اﻟُْﻘْﺮَﰉ َوَﯾْﳯﻰَ‬ ‫ِٕاَّن َّ َ‬

‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ ‰‬ﯾِﻌﻈﲂ ﻟﻌﻠﲂ ﺗﺬﻛُﺮون )‪(90‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ء‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫…‬
16

God enjoins you to justice, goodness and

spending on the kindred, and forbids
lewdness, evil and arrogance. He
admonishes you so that you may take heed.
(16:90)
17

َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ّ َ َ َّ َ َ َّ ْ ُ
‫ﻗﻞ ِٕاﳕﺎ ﺣﺮم ر ِﰊ اﻟﻔﻮاِﺣﺶ ﻣﺎ ﻇ ْﻬﺮ ِﻣﳯﺎ وﻣﺎ ﺑﻄﻦ وإِﻻﰒ‬
َّ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ
‫ ﺑِﻐﲑِ اﳊ ِﻖ‬‰‫واﻟﺒ‬

Tell them: “My Lord has forbidden all lewd

acts – whether hidden or open – and evil and
wrongful rebelliousness.” (7:33)
Moral Standards:
18
 Worshipping Allah

Treating Parents with Kindness

Other Relatives (silāh-i rahmī )

The Orphan and the Needy

Neighbour, Traveller and Slave

Spending in the Way of Allah

Chastity and Modesty

Sanctity of Human Life

Misappropriating the Wealth of Orphans

Keeping Promises

Honesty in Weighing

Following Speculations
 Backbiting

Abstaining from Excessive Conjecture

Refraining from Inquisitiveness

Making Fun of Others

Taking Action without Finding out the
Truth
Pinnacle of Standards:
24
‫‪25‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬

‫ﲔ واﻟُﻤﺆِﻣﻨﺎِت واﻟﻘﺎﻧ ِِﺘﲔَ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﲔ واﻟُﻤْﺴﻠَِﻤﺎِت واﻟُﻤﺆِﻣِﻨ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِٕاَّن اﻟُﻤْﺴﻠِِﻤ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫و ْاﻟﻘﺎﻧ ِﺘﺎِت ْواﻟﺼﺎِدِﻗﲔ واﻟﺼﺎِدﻗﺎِت واﻟﺼﺎ ِ ِ‪ Qš‬واﻟﺼﺎِ‪š‬اِت‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﲔ واﻟُﻤﺘﺼ ِﺪﻗﺎِت واﻟﺼﺎِﲚِﲔَ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﲔ واﳋﺎِﺷﻌﺎِت واﻟُﻤﺘﺼ ِﺪِﻗ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َواﳋﺎِﺷِﻌ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ َّ َ َ ً‬ ‫َ َّ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َّ‬
‫واﻟﺼﺎِﲚﺎِت واﳊﺎﻓِِﻈﲔ ﻓﺮوﺟﻬﻢ واﳊﺎﻓِﻈﺎِت واﻟﺬاِﻛ ًِﺮ‪ Q‬ﷲ ﻛِﺜﲑا‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ َّ َ َٔ َ َّ َّ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ً َ َٔ ْ ً‬
‫واﻟﺬاِﻛﺮاِت اﻋﺪ ﷲ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻐِﻔﺮة واﺟﺮا ﻋِﻈامي )‪(35‬‬
26

Men and women who are Muslims, are true

believers, serve God diligently, are sincere,
patient, humble themselves before God, spend in
charity, who fast and guard their private parts
and remember God in abundance – on them God
will bestow forgiveness and has prepared for
them a great reward. (33:35)
 Islam

Iman

Humbling before Allah

Veracity
 Steadfastness

Humility

Charity

Guarding the private part

Remembering Allah in Abundance