Rangkaian Elektronika – 2

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 LECTURE AGREEMENT

o Topics
o Evaluation
o References

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 Topics

Lectures will be conducted in 16 weeks

Topics:
- Review RE-1

- Power amplifier : - Class A amplifier

- Class B amplifier
- Class AB amplifier
- Class C amplifier

- Feedback amplifier : - Negative ampl. (SIPO, PIPO, SISO, PISO)

- Positive ampl. (oscillator & multivibrator)

- Differential amplifier

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 Evaluation

- Midterm exam in week 8 (25%)

- Final exam in week 16 (25%)

- Tasks and Coursework (50%)

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 References

Electronic Principles – Albert Malvino

Electronic Devices – Thomas L. Floyd

Others

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 Review

BJT :
• DC biasing
• Small signal amplifier

FET :
• DC Biasing
• Small signal amplifier

Cascade Amplifier

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 Transistor

•They are unidirectional current carrying devices with capability to control the
current flowing through them
• The switch current can be controlled by either current or voltage
• Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) control current by current
• Field Effect Transistors (FET) control current by voltage
•They can be used either as switches or as amplifiers
• Convensional type of transistor :
- Bipolar junction transitor (BJT)
- Field effect transistor (FET)

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT – layout and schematic

PNP schematic symbol and NPN schematic symbol

physical layout and physical layout

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 BJT – PNP meter check

Forward B-E, B-C  Reverse B-E, B-C 

resistance is low resistance is

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 BJT – PNP meter check

Unknown BJT. Ohm meter

reading between terminals

BJT terminals
identified by
ohm meter

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 BJT – construction, analogy and symbols

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 BJT – current and voltage relationship

pnp npn
IE = IB + IC IE = IB + IC
VEC = VEB - VCB VCE = -VBC + VBE

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 Modes of Operation

Active: • Most important mode of operation

• Central to amplifier operation
• The region where current curves are practically flat

Saturation: • Barrier potential of the junctions cancel each other out

causing a virtual short

Cutoff: • Current reduced to zero

• Ideal transistor behaves like an open switch

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 BJT – switching

Transistor cut off, Transistor saturation,

switching OFF  lamp off switching ON  lamp off

In the switching mode, transistor is in the saturation or cut off region

As an amplifier, transistor is in the active mode (active region)

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT active mode – DC equivalent circuit

BJT symbol (npn) BJT model (npn)

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT active mode
Common Emitter Configuration

Input DC : VBE, IB
Input ac : vbe, ib
Output DC : VCE, IC
Output ac : vce, ic

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT active mode
Common Emitter Configuration

Input characteristics (VBE vs IB ) Output characteristics (VCE vs IC )

in constant VCE in constant IB
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 BJT active mode
Common Base configuration

Input DC : VEB, IE
Input ac : veb, ie
Output DC : VCB, IC
Output ac : vcb, ic

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT active mode
Common Base configuration

Input characteristics (VBE vs IE ) Output characteristics (VCB vs IC )

in constant VCB in constant IE
Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id
 BJT active mode
Common Collector Configuration

Common Collector/
Emitter Follower

Input DC : VBE, IB
Input ac : vbe, ib
Output DC : VEC, IE
Output ac : vec, ie

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id

 BJT active mode
Common Collector Configuration

Input characteristics (VCB vs IB ) Output characteristics (VCE vs IE )

in constant VCE in constant IB

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 Summary – BJT active mode

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 Relation between α and β

 = Common-emitter current gain

 = Common-base current gain

Week : 1st rika@pens.ac.id