Design of Earthen D

Given soils have the following characteristics:

i) Sand mixed with gravel

(a) Saturated unit wt 2 gm/cc (2 t/m)

(b) Sp. Gravity 2.65

(c) Angle of internal friction 33 deg.

(d) Cohesion nil

(e) Dry unit wt. 1.6 gm/cc (1.6 t/m)

This material constitutes the foundation to a depth of 15.0 m, below base of the dam after which rock is available.

ii) Silty clay 1.76 gm/cc 1.76 t/m3

(b) Specific Gravity 2.55

(c) Angle of internal friction 12 deg.

(d) Cohesion 3 kg/cm2

The material has to be obtained from an average distance of 1.5 km

(iii) Level

(a) River bed level 103 m

(b) Dead storage level 123 m

(c) F.S.L. 155 m

(d) H.FL. 158 m

(e) Earthquake factor

Assume the material above phreatic surface to be 40% saturated,

(i) For sudden drawdown α= 0.15

(ii) For steady seepage α= 0.1

(iii) For just after construction α= 0.05

Tentative cross section of the dam

(I) Freeboard
(a) Freeboard for wave action
hw 1.941771062m
where hw be height of wave in metre, V - wind velocity in kmph fetch
Assume ,
V= 150 kmph
and F= 20 km
Along slopes, the waves rises to a height of =1.5*hw
2.912656593m

(b) Freeboard due to settlement

Settlement allowance of 2% is generally taken böth for the foundation and the embankment.
Settlement= 1.2 m (Asuming dam height to be

For earth dam more than 30 m in height, an extra settlement allowance of 1% due to earthquake is also taken.
Settlement due to earthquake = 0.6 m
Total freeboard due to settlement = 1.8 m
Thus total freeboard required both due to wave action and settlement = 4.712656593
Provide a freeboard of 5 m above H.F.L.

(II) Top level & width

(a)Top RL of dam= 163 m
Height of dam above bed level= 60 m

(b) Crest width Bt= 12.90994449m

where H = Height of dam
Provide crest width of dam as 13 m

(III) Slopes For u/s and d/s

Take u/s 3.5:1
d/s 3:1
core 1:1

(IV)Pitching
u/s 0.75 m thick stone layer over 0.5 m graded shringle
d/s 0.5 m thick stone layer over

2.)Foundation
i) Shear stress in foundation
γav= 1.931428571t/m3
Equivalent internal frictioin angle of composite section Φ1
Φ1= 13.54803631
 Since the dam is composite section, the equivalnet value of internal friction =
Total shear = 1923.178028t/m3 say 1900 t/m3

Avg. unit shear in foundation = 9.047619048t/m3

Max. unit shear in foundation = 12.66666667t/m3

ii) Factor of safety against foundation shear

γav= 2.774 t/m3
Shear Strenght at point of maximum shear= 91.87428984 t/m3
Factor of safety At point of max. shear= 7.253233408 SAFE

4.)Position of Seepage line in composite section

i) focal distance(s)= 13 m
The value of y for different values of x

x 0 10 20 30 40 50
y 13 20.7123151826.2488095 30.8058436 34.7706773 38.32753579

ii) Correction at Entry & Exit point

Δa= 15.096 m

5.) Satbility computation of u/s Slopes

Value of unit weight under different stability condition

Condition For calculation of N
u/s slope moist core moist shell shell above d. shell below d.score above d.s.core below d.
i) sudden d 1.45 1.75 1 1 0.76 1.45
ii)just after 1.45 1.75 1.6 1 0.7 1.45

d/s slope
i) sudden d 1.45 1.75 1 0.76 0.76 1.45
ii)just after 1.45 1.6 1 0.76 1.45 1.45

Satbility Analysis of slopes for sudden drawdown condition

slice no. Area θo sinθ cosθ Area*sinθ Area*cosθ

1(A) 390 -20.5 -0.350207380.93667218 -136.5808787365.3021538
2(A) 550 -12 -0.207911690.97814760 -114.3514299537.9811804
3(A) 953 -3.5 -0.061048530.99813479 -58.17925818951.2224629
3(B) 72 4.4 71.9
4(A) 930 10 0.17364817 0.984807753161.4928052 915.8712103
4(B) 406 70.6 399.9
5(A) 497 20 0.34202014 0.93969262 169.9840112 467.0272325
5(C) 410 140.2 385.4
6(A) 200 28.5 0.47715876 0.87881711 95.43175205 175.7634225
6(C) 518 247.1 455.3
6(B) 82 39.1 72.1
7(moist shell) 12 37 0.60181502 0.79863551 7.221780278 9.583626121
7(C) 418 251.2 334
7(B) 88 52.9 70.31
7(D) 188 113 150.2
8(moist shell) 70 47 0.73135370 0.68199836 51.19475911 47.7398852
8(A) 72 52.6 49.1
8(moist core) 58 42.4 39.6
8(D) 252 184.2 171.9
9(moist core) 70 55 0.81915204 0.57357643 57.3406431 40.15035054

NOTE:-
A:- Submerged shell below d.s.l.
B:- Submerged core below d.s.l.
C:- Submerged shell above d.s.l.
D:- Submerged shell above d.s.l.

Value of Area*cosθ
moist core= 79.75035054
moist shell= 57.32351132

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 1695.6

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 3413.167662

Submerged core above d.s.l= 322.1

Submerged shell below d.s.l= 142.41

Value of Area*cosθ
moist core= 99.7406431
moist shell= 58.41653939

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 766.1

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 117.7970017

Submerged core above d.s.l= 297.2

Submerged shell below d.s.l= 92

Radius of slip circle 150

Length of arc in core material = 91.62978573m

∑N For shell material= 5208.767662 say 5209 t

∑N For core material= 467.5 say 468 t

Factor of safety= 1.515 SAFE

b.) With Earthquake

Increase in ∑T= 283.665 t

Reduction in ∑N tanΦ= 64.2645625

∑N for shell material 1736.2 t
∑N for core material 737.7 t

Factor of safety with earhquake= 1.336179499SAFE

II)Just after Construction Condition

a.) Without Earthquake

Actuating force ∑T= 2075.8 say 2076 t

∑NtanΦ = 4191.7 say 4192 t

Pore Pressure

∑PtanΦ = 262.4 t

Factor of Safety = 2.03 SAFE

b.) Without Earthquake

Factor of Safety = 1.72 SAFE

6.) Satbility computation of u/s Slopes

Actuating force ∑T= 2157.2 say 2157 t

∑NtanΦ = 3659.2 say 3659 t

Radius of slip circle 137

Length of arc (L) = 83.68853763m
cL = 251.0656129t

F.S= 1.8 SAFE

b.) With Earthquake

Increase in ∑T= 609.3 t

Satbility Analysis of d/s slopes under steady condition

slice no. Area θo sinθ cosθ Area*sinθ Area*cosθ
1(A) 260 -19 -0.325568150.94551857 -84.64772016245.8348297
2(A) 502 -10 -0.173648170.984807753-87.17138519494.373492
3(A) 655 -2 -0.034899490.999390827-22.85917034654.6009917
3(B) 743 7 0.12186934 0.99254615 90.54892215 737.4617907
4(A) 89 10.9 88.3
4(B) 956 19 0.32556815 0.94551857 311.2431557 903.9157583
5(A) 380 123.9 359.5
5(C) 320 29 0.48480962 0.87461970 155.1390785 279.8783063
6(A) 420 203.7 367.5
6(C) 35 247.1 455.3
6(B) 23 40 0.64278760 0.76604444 14.78411502 17.61902219
7(moist shell) 450 289.4 344.7
7(C) 135 86.8 103.4
7(B) 6 3.9 4.6
7(D) 206 49 0.75470958 0.656059029155.4701735 135.14816
8(moist shell) 53 40 34.8
8(A) 59 44.5 34.8
8(moist core) 59 44.5 38.7
9(moist shell) 52 56.5 0.83388582 0.55193698 43.36206275 28.70072324
9(moist core) 51 55 0.81915204 0.57357643 42.5 28.2

NOTE:-
A:- Submerged shell below d.s.l.
B:- Submerged core below d.s.l.
C:- Submerged shell above d.s.l.
D:- Submerged shell above d.s.l.

Value of Area*cosθ
moist core= 66.9
moist shell= 379.5

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 2514.755855

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 2210.109313

Submerged core above d.s.l= 163.8488832

Submerged shell below d.s.l= 22.21902219

Value of Area*cosθ
moist core= 87
moist shell= 329.4

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 935.3311563

Submerged shell above d.s.l= 143.8217243

Submerged core above d.s.l= 198.8322363

Submerged shell below d.s.l= 18.68411502

Radius of slip circle 150

Length of arc in core material = 91.62978573m

∑N For shell material= 4824.865169 say 4825 t

∑N For core material= 467.5 say 468 t

Factor of safety= 1.515 SAFE

b.) With Earthquake

Increase in ∑T= 0 t

Reduction in ∑N tanΦ= 0
∑N for shell material 1736.2 t
∑N for core material 737.7 t

Factor of safety with earhquake= 1.515359741SAFE

II)Just after Construction Condition

a.) Without Earthquake

Actuating force ∑T= 2075.8 say 2076 t

∑NtanΦ = 4191.7 say 4192 t

Pore Pressure

∑PtanΦ = 262.4 t

Factor of Safety = 2.03 SAFE

b.) Without Earthquake

Factor of Safety = 1.72 SAFE

6.) Satbility computation of u/s Slopes

Actuating force ∑T= 2157.2 say 2157 t

 ∑NtanΦ = 3659.2 say 3659 t

Radius of slip circle 137

Length of arc (L) = 83.68853763m
cL = 251.0656129t

F.S= 1.6 SAFE

n of Earthen Dam

which rock is available.

 60 m)

uake is also taken.

*
27.44229609deg.

60 70 80 90 96.6
41.5812457744.5982062447.42362281 50.08991915 51.7745111

For calculation of T
moist core moist shell shell above d.sshell below d.score above d.score below d.s.l.
1.75 2 1 1 0.76 0.76
1.75 2 1.3 1.4 0.76 1.45

1.75 1 1.76 0.76 0.76 1

1.6 1 1.45 0.76 0.76 1
75