USE OF CONSTRUCTION

AND
DEMOLITION WASTE
Introduction:
 Demolition sites & restoration schemes are large amounts of solid waste.

 Recycling of concrete & other building materials is difficult

& uneconomical.

 It is possible to reuse most of the building materials & components.

 As the volume of demolition waste is huge allowing the waste to be

crushed, processed, & reused as aggregate in building works.

 The recycling of construction materials like concrete, timber , glass,

& steel is primarily an attempt to reduce the cost of production of new
materials & construction & also reduce the consumption of natural
resources.
WHAT DOES C& D WASTE
CONSISTSOF?

Concrete
Brick
Timber
Sanitary ware
Glass
Steel
plastics
 CONCRETE:
o Concrete is one of the most important construction material.

oApproximately one ton of concrete is used per capita per yearthrough out the
world.

o Recycling of concrete reduces

• Cost of aggregates
• Disposal costs
• Environmental damage
• Consumption of natural resources &
• Valuable landfill space

o Recycled coarse aggregates may be more durable than virgin material.

o It can also be used in residential construction

 BRICK:

oBroken & discarded brick can be used as construction

infill or as aggregate for non-structural concrete.

oBrick that are part of demolish rubble can be crushed

and used in the same way.

o Brick masonry rubble contains mortar upto

20% by volume.

oCrushed brick & roofing tiles are the bulk of demolition

waste which were earlier being dumped in landfills, but now
they can be recycled into mortar plaster & building blocks.
 TIMBER:
o It is mostly crushed into chip & used as fuel.

oIt can also be utilized to manufacture wood-chip

concrete by injecting cement grout into voids of
compacted wood-chips in moulds.

o Wood-chip concrete can be used as building

material.

o This chip can be sawn & nailed as well.

o In Japan alone about 12 million cubic meters

of used timber from demolished houses are used.
 SANITARYWARE:
o Sanitary ware includes tiles also.

o There can be reused as it is, if they are not

damaged.

oIf sanitary ware are chipped (or) cracked(or)

otherwise damaged are advised to crush and use
them as construction infill (or) as filler in concrete.

o Pozzolanic value of such crushed & powdered

sanitary ware, is a desirable property in concrete
mixes.
 GLASS:
o One ton of recycled waste glass corresponds
to savings in energy equivalent to 125lit of fuel oil &
1.2tons of raw materials.

o Recycling of glass reduces non-biodegradable glass

out of landfills.

oGlass can be used as substitute for Quartz & Feldspar

in the manufacturing of high strength procelain
sanitary ware.

o It can also be used to make mineral wool- an insulation product & in granular
form as part of the aggregate in concrete mixes.

o In USA an experiment was conducted on metal free-glass constituents separated

from municipal incinerator residue. This glass was used to produce brick, glass-
wool thermal insulation & as a major component of a light weight aggregate
used in structuralconcrete.
 STEEL:

o Steel is most commonly used metal in the world.

oSteel reinforcement from demolished concrete is

usually separated from the rubble on site & sold scrap
to recycling plants.

oThe world produces over 783 million tons of raw

steel. It currently recycles over 320 million tons of
iron & steel every year.

o Scrap metal can yield energy savings of upto 76% .

o In Europe steel is most recycled .

 PLASTIC:

o There is an over abundance of waste plastic.

o It is very difficult to dispose plastics.

oWaste plastics can be shredded & used as filler in

other materials such as concrete
& also in construction of roads

oHouse hold plastic waste can also be recycled to

obtain artificial light weight aggregates
for mortar.

o Plastics reduces the possibilities of cracking.