Hydraulics Class 1

Assignment # 1
Group 1 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
Oil has a dynamic viscosity 0.0004 1b. s /ft2 flows in the boundary layer as shown in
the figure below. Calculate the shear stress at:
a) The plate surface
b) 0.01 ft above the plate surface

Solution:

Problem2 :
A closed steel tank has a volume of 5.0 ft3. If the bulk modulus of elasticity of water is
300,000 psi, how many pounds of water can the tank hold at 2000 psi. Use water unit
weight 62.4 lb/ft3.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 2 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
A solid cube with a side length of 0.4 ft and a weight of 110 lb slides down a smooth
surface that is inclined 45°from the horizontal, see
figure. The block slides on a film of oil with a
viscosity of 1.85 × 10−2Ib.s/𝑓𝑡 2 . If the velocity
of the block is 1.2 ft/s, determine the thickness of
the oil film assuming a linear velocity distribution
in the film.

Solution:

Problem2 :
The specific weight of water at ordinary pressure and temperature is 62.4 lb/ft3. The
specific gravity of mercury is 13.56. Compute the density of water and the specific
weight and density of mercury.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 3 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
A 0.45 kg, 0.24 m diameter, 0.30 m tall cylindrical tank slides slowly down a ramp
with a constant speed of U = 0.03 m/s as shown. The uniform thickness oil layer
(h = 0.06 cm) on the ramp has a viscosity of 0.01 N.s/m2. Determine the angle of the
ramp.

Solution:

Problem2 :
Pressure are sometimes determined by measuring the height of a column of liquid in a
vertical tube. What diameter of clean glass tubing is required so that the rise of water
at 20°C in a tube due to a capillary action is less than 1.0 mm? Use surface tension =
0.0728 N/m and specific weight = 9.789 kN/m3.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 4 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
Two fixed plates are set a distance of 14 mm apart. A large movable plate with a
thickness of 2 mm is located between the two fixed plates a distance of 4 mm from
the lower plate and 8 mm from the upper plate as shown below. The space between
the upper fixed plate and the movable plate is filled with a fluid with a dynamic
viscosity of 0.03 N.s/m2. The other space between the lower fixed plate and the
movable one is filled with another fluid with a dynamic viscosity of 0.015 N.s/m2.
Determine the magnitude and direction of the shear stress that act on the fixed plates
when the speed of the movable plate is 5 m/s. Assume linear velocity distribution in
the two oil fields and neglect the thickness of the moving plate.

Solution:

Problem2 :
A cylindrical water tank is suspended vertically by its sides. The tank has 2.5 m
diameter and is filled with 30 oC water to 0.75 m in height. Determine the force
exerted on the tank bottom.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 5 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
2) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
A 1-in-wide space between two horizontal plane surfaces is filled with SAE 30
Western lubricating oil at 80°F. What force is required to drag a very thin plate of 4-
ft2 area through the oil at a velocity of 20 ft/min if the plate is 0.33 in from one
surface?

Solution:

Problem2 :
Clouds can weigh thousands of Newton due to their liquid water content. Often this
content is measured in grams per cubic meter (g/m3). Assume that a cumulus cloud
occupies a volume of one cubic kilometer, and its water content is 0.2 g/m3.
a) What is the volume of this cloud in cubic meters?
b) How much does the water in the cloud weigh in Newton?
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 6 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
3) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
The velocity distribution for the flow of a Newtonian
fluid between two fixed wide, parallel plates, as shown
in figure, is given by the equation:
3𝑉 𝑦
𝑢= [ 1 − ( )2 ]
2 ℎ

Where V is the mean velocity. The fluid has a viscosity

of 2 N.s/m2. Also, V = 0.6 m/s and h = 5 mm.
Determine
a) The shearing stress acting on the bottom wall.
b) The shearing stress acting on a plane parallel to the walls and passing through
the centerline (midplane).
Solution:

Problem2 :
A hydrometer is used to measure the specific gravity of liquids. For a certain liquid a
hydrometer reading indicates a specific gravity of 1.15. What is the liquid’s density and
specific weight? Express your answer in SI units.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 7 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:

A layer of water flows down an

inclined fixed surface with the velocity
profile down shown in figure.
Determine the magnitude and direction
of the shearing stress that the water
exerts on the fixed surface for U = 3
m/s and h = 0.1 m. use dynamic
viscosity 1.12x10-3 Pa.s.

Solution:

Problem2 :
An open, clean glass tube (𝜃 = 0°) is inserted vertically into a pan of water. What tube
diameter is needed if the water level in the tube is to rise one tube diameter (due to
surface tension)? Use surface tension 5.03 x 10-3 lb/ft and unit weight of water 62.40
lb/ft3.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 8 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
Surface tension forces can be strong
enough to allow double-edge steel
razor blade to float on water, as
shown in figure. Assume that the
surface tension forces act at angle 𝜃
relative to water surface, the mass
of the double-edge blade is 0.64x 10-3 kg, and the total length of its sides is 206 mm.
Determine the value of 𝜃 required to maintain equilibrium between the blade weight
and the resultant force of surface tension.

Solution:

Problem 2 :
The sled shown slides along on a thin horizontal layer of
water between the ice and runners. The horizontal force
that the water puts on the runners is equal to 1.20 lb, when
the sled’s speed is 50ft/s. The total area of both runners in
contact with water is 0.08 ft2, and the viscosity of the water is 3.5x10-5 lb.s.ft2.
Determine the thickness of the water layer under the runners. Assume a linear velocity
distribution in the water layer.

Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 9 Due Date: 15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
A plate is sliding down a plane inclined at an
angle of 30° as shown. The plate weight 15 lbs,
measures 25 in x 30 in, and has an average
velocity of 0.65 ft/s. determine the thickness of the
SAE10 oil between the plate and the plane if the
oil temperature is 50°F (use μ= 39×10-6 lb.s/in2 ). Assume linear velocity
distribution in the film.
Solution:

Problem 2 :
What is kinematic viscosity of liquid with a viscosity 0.002 Pa.s and a specific gravity
of 0.80?
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 10 Due Date:15/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
A solid cube with a side length of 0.5 m and a weight of 200 g slides down a smooth
surface that is inclined 45°from the horizontal, see
figure. The block slides on a film of oil with a
viscosity of 7.28 × 10−2 N.s/𝑚2 . If the velocity
of the block is 0.8 m/s, determine the thickness of
the oil film assuming a linear velocity distribution
in the film.

Solution:

Problem2 :
The specific weight of water at ordinary pressure and temperature is 9810 N/m3. The
specific gravity of mercury is 13.56. Compute the density of water and the specific
weight and density of mercury.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 1
Assignment # 1
Group 11 Due Date:15/03/2018
Students’ names
4) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
The velocity distribution for the flow of a Newtonian
fluid between two fixed wide, parallel plates, as shown
in figure, is given by the equation:
3𝑉 𝑦
𝑢= [ 1 − ( )2 ]
2 ℎ

Where V is the mean velocity. The fluid has a viscosity

of 6 lb.s/ft2. Also, V = 1.3 ft/s and h = 0.4 in.
Determine
c) The shearing stress acting on the bottom wall.
d) The shearing stress acting on a plane parallel to the walls and passing through
the centerline (midplane).
Solution:

Problem2 :
A hydrometer is used to measure the specific gravity of liquids. For a certain liquid a
hydrometer reading indicates a specific gravity of 1.15. What is the liquid’s density and
specific weight? Express your answer in English units.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 1 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
A 4.6 slugs, 3 in. diameter, 4 in. tall cylindrical tank slides slowly down a ramp with a
constant speed of U = 2 ft/s as shown. The uniform thickness oil layer
(h = 0.5 in.) on the ramp has a viscosity of 1.2 lb.s/ft2. Determine the angle of the
ramp.

Solution:

Problem2 :
Pressure are sometimes determined by measuring the height of a column of liquid in a
vertical tube. What diameter of clean glass tubing is required so that the rise of water
at 60°F in a tube due to a capillary action is less than 1.0 IN.?
Use surface tension = 1.22 lb/ft and specific weight = 62.40 lb/ft3.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 2 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
Three large plates are separated by thin layers of ethylene glycol and water as shown
below. The top plate moves to right at 1.80 m/s. At what speed and in what direction
must the bottom plate be moved to hold the center plate stationary?

Solution:

Problem2 :
If 6.2 m3 of oil weights 52,980 N, calculate its density and specific gravity.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 3 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
A piston 11.96 cm diameter and 14 cm long works in a cylinder of 12 cm diameter. If
lubricating oil which fills the space between them has a viscosity of 0.65 poise,
calculate the speed with which the piston will move through the cylinder when the
axial load of 0.86 N is applied.
Solution:

Problem2 :
A cylindrical tank with a diameter of 80 cm is partially filled with SAE 10W oil
(ρ = 870 kg/m3). If the mass of the oil in the tank is 340 kg, determine the height of
the oil in the tank.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 4 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
A piston 10 kg in mass is sliding down in a cylinder due to gravity
as shown in the Figure. The gap between the piston and cylinder is
filled with oil with a viscosity of 0.29 kg/m.s. The piston diameter
is 15 cm and the clearance between the piston and the cylinder is
0.4 mm. Determine whether the piston is accelerating or
decelerating when it is moving with a speed of a) 5 m/s, and b) 0.5
m/s.

Solution:

Problem2 :
An overhead tank has length, width and height of 2 m, 2.5 m and 1.5 m, respectively.
If the water is filled up to 3-quartes of its height, determine the mass and weight of the
water inside the tank.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 5 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:

A layer of water flows down an

inclined fixed surface with the velocity
profile down shown in figure.
Determine the magnitude and direction
of the shearing stress that the water
exerts on the fixed surface for U = 5 ft/s
and h = 2 in. Use dynamic viscosity
3.23x10-5 lb/ft2.s.

Solution:

Problem2 :
An open, clean glass tube (𝜃 = 0°) is inserted vertically into a pan of water. What tube
diameter is needed if the water level in the tube is to rise one tube diameter (due to
surface tension)? Use surface tension 7.28 x 10-2 N/m and unit weight of water 9810
N/m3.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 6 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
A 50 mm diameter steel cylinder 600 mm long falls, because of its own gravity force
at a uniform rate of 0.2 m/s inside a tube of slightly larger diameter. A castor-oil film
of constant thickness fills the space between the cylinder and the tube.
Determine the clearance between the tube and the cylinder.
The temperature is 38°C (μ = 0.28 poise = 0.028 N.s/m2). The density of steel =
7.85.
Solution:

Problem2 :
A closed steel tank has a volume of 38 ft3. If the bulk modulus of elasticity of water is
280,000 psi, how many pounds of water can the tank hold at 4000 psi?
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 7 Due Date: 14/03/2018
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

Problem 1:
Calculate the internal pressure of 25-mm diameter soap bubble if the surface tension
in the soap film is 0.5 N/m.
Solution:

Problem2 :
If the velocity distribution of a viscous liquid (μ = 0.9 N.s/m2) over a fixed boundary
is given by v = 0.68 y - y2 in which v is the velocity in m/s at a distance y (m) above
the boundary surface. Determine the shear stress at the surface and at y = 0.34 m.
Solution:
 Hydraulics Class 2
Assignment # 1
Group 8 Due Date: 14/03/18
Students’ names
1) 2) 3)

4)

Problem 1:
Surface tension forces can be strong
enough to allow double-edge steel
razor blade to float on water, as
shown in figure. Assume that the
surface tension forces act at angle 𝜃
relative to water surface, the mass
of the double-edge blade is 1.21 slugs, and the total length of its sides is 3 in.
Determine the value of 𝜃 required to maintain equilibrium between the blade weight
and the resultant force of surface tension. Use water surface tension 3.23 x 10-5 lb/ft2.

Solution:

Problem 2 :
The sled shown slides along on a thin horizontal layer of
water between the ice and runners. The horizontal force
that the water puts on the runners is equal to 1.20 N, when
the sled’s speed is 0.6 m/s. The total area of both runners
in contact with water is 0.22 m2, and the viscosity of the water is 7.28x10-2 N.s.m2.
Determine the thickness of the water layer under the runners. Assume a linear velocity
distribution in the water layer.