Name: Piolo Julius G.

Cabagnot Date Submitted: November 22, 2020

Course & Year: BSME – III Offering No.: Z161

MEng 131n – Heat Transfer

Lesson Assessment 2.3

1. A steel pipe with an outside diameter of 45 mm carries a hot fluid at 450 K. The pipe
is insulated with 10 mm lagging material (k = 0.17 W/m°C) followed by 30 mm of fiber
glass insulation (k = 0.05 W/m°C). If the outside insulation temperature is 300 K,
calculate the interface temperature between the fiber glass insulation and the lagging
material.
Given:
K A = 0.17 W/m ℃
K B = 0.05 W/m ℃
45mm
r1 = = 22.5mm = 0.0225m
2
r2 = 22.5mm + 10mm = 0.0325m
r3 = 32.5mm + 30mm = 0.0625m
T1 = 450K
T3 = 300K

Required
A. Interface temperature between the lagging material and the fiber glass ( T2 )

Solution:
T1 − T3 = 150K = 150℃
Solving for heat loss:
2πL(T1 − T3 )
Q= r r
ln � 2 � ln � 3 �
r1 r2
+
KA KB
Q 2π(150)
=
L ln �0.0325� ln �0.0625�
0.0225 + 0.0325
0.17 0.05
Q 𝑊𝑊
= 61.8358
L 𝑚𝑚
Solving for T2 :
Q 2π(𝑇𝑇2 − 300)
= 61.8358 =
L 0.0625
ln � �
0.0325
0.05
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 𝑲𝑲 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓℃
2. An insulating material 5 cm thick covers a steam pipe carrying steam at 573 K. The
outside temperature of the insulation is 323 K, with a thermal conductivity k = 0.06 (1
+ 0.002t) where k is in W/m°C and t is in °C. If the outer diameter of the steam pipe is
25 cm, calculate the heat loss for 100 m length of the pipe. Also, calculate the
temperature at mid thickness of the insulation.
Given:
K = 0.06(1 + 0.002T)W/m℃
r1 = 25cm ÷ 2 = 0.125m
r2 = 12.5cm + 5cm = 0.175m
T1 = 573K = 300℃
T2 = 323K = 50℃

Required
A. Heat loss at 100m length of pipe
B. Temperature at mid thickness of the insulation

Solution:
Solving for heat loss:
KAdT
Q=−
dr
dT
Q = −0.06(1 + 0.002T)(2πrL)
dr
r2 T2
dr
Q� = −0.06(2π)(100) � (1 + 0.002T)dT
r1 r T1
r2 0.002T 2 T2
Q[ln r]r = −12π �T + �
1 2 T1
r2 0.002(T22 − T12 )
Q ln � � = −12π �(T2 − T1 ) + �
r1 2
0.002(T22 − T12 )
−12π �(T2 − T1 ) + �
2
Q= r (𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. 1)
ln � 2 �
r1
0.002(502 − 3002 )
−12π �(50 − 300) + �
2
Q=
0.175
ln � �
0.125
𝐐𝐐 = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝐖𝐖
Solving for temperature at mid thickness (Tmid ):
5cm
rmid = 12.5cm + � � = 0.15m
2
2
0.002(Tmid − T12 )
−12π �(T2 − T1 ) + �
2
Q= r (𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. 1)
ln � mid �
r1
2
0.002(Tmid − 3002 )
−12π �(T2 − 300) + �
2
37814.26 =
0.15
ln � �
0.125
𝐓𝐓𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏℃ = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
 3. A steam pipe is to be covered with two layers of insulation, each layer having
thickness of 3 cm. The steam pipe has an outside diameter of 3 cm, and assume that
the inner and outer surface temperature of composite insulation are fixed. If the
thermal conductivity of one insulation is thrice that of the other, how much will heat
transfer be increased when the better insulation material is next to the pipe than when
it is the outer layer?

Given:
D of pipe = 3cm
r1 = 1.5cm = 0.015m
r2 = 1.5cm + 3cm = 4.5cm = 0.045m
r3 = 4.5cm + 3cm = 7.5cm = 0.075m
@ Case 1(when better insulation is at the outer layer):
K A = 3K; K B = K
@ Case 2 (when better insulation is next to the pipe):
K A = K; K B = 3K

Required
A. The increase of heat transfer when the better insulation is next to the pipe

Solution:
Solving for Case 1: Solving for Case 2:
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 ) 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 )
Q= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 Q= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
ln � 2 � ln � 3 � ln � 2 � ln � 3 �
𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟2 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟2
+ +
Ka Kb Ka Kb
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 ) 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 )
= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
ln � 2 � ln � 3 � ln � 2 � ln � 3 �
𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟4 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟4
+ +
3K K K 3K
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 ) 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 )
= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
ln � 2 � ln � 3 � ln � 2 � ln � 3 �
𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟4 1 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟4 1
� + �� � � + �� �
3 1 𝐾𝐾 1 3 𝐾𝐾

2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 ) 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋(T1 − T3 )
= =
0.045 0.075 0.045 0.075
ln � � ln � � ln � � ln � �
0.015 + 0.045 0.015 + 0.045
3 1 1 3
𝑄𝑄 = 7.1642𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾(𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇3 ) 𝑄𝑄 = 4.9517𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾(𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇3 )
Since Case 1 > Case 2, therefore using the better insulation next to the pipe will not increase
the heat transfer but rather decreases it.
Solving for the percentage of decrease in heat transfer:
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 1 − 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 2
%𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 =
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 2
7.1642𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾(𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇3 ) − 4.9517𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾(𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇3 )
=
4.9517𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾(𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇3 )
= 0.4468
%𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔%
 4. a unit analysis of the equation for conduction of composite cylinder in both English
and SI units? (5 pts. each)

where Q is in Btu/hr for English and Watts for SI

Unit analysis (SI):

2πL(Ti − To ) ⎡ ⎤
Q= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
ln � 2 � ln � 3 � ⎢ m∙℃ ⎥
1 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟2 1 ⎢ ⎥
� + + + � ⎢ 1 1 ⎥
hi r1 𝐾𝐾𝐴𝐴 𝐾𝐾𝐵𝐵 ho r3 +
⎢ W W ⎥
⎣m2 ∙ ℃ ∙ m m ∙ ℃ ⎦

⎡ ⎤
⎢m∙℃⎥
⎢ 1 ⎥
⎢ W ⎥
⎣m∙℃⎦

W
� ∙ m ∙ ℃�
m∙℃

[W]
Unit Analysis (English):

2πL(Ti − To ) ⎡ ⎤
Q= 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 ⎢ ⎥
ln � 2 � ln � 3 � ft ∙ ℉
1 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟2 1 ⎢ ⎥
� + + + � ⎢ 1 1
hi r1 𝐾𝐾𝐴𝐴 𝐾𝐾𝐵𝐵 ho r3 + BTU ⎥
⎢ BTU ⎥
⎣hr ∙ ft 2 ∙ ℉ ∙ ft hr ∙ ft ∙ ℉ ⎦

⎡ ⎤
⎢ ft ∙ ℉ ⎥
⎢ 1 ⎥
⎢ BTU ⎥
⎣ hr ∙ ft ∙ ℉ ⎦

BTU
� ∙ ft ∙ ℉�
hr ∙ ft ∙ ℉

BTU
� �
hr