SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

MỤC LỤ

1. BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1. Codes and Standards:.........................................................................................................2
1.2. Other references.................................................................................................................. 2
1.3. Geotechnical investigation Report.....................................................................................2
1.4. Specialized calculation software........................................................................................4

2. CONSTRUCTION METHODS OF UNDERGROUND ORIENTATION...........................................4

2.1. Over view............................................................................................................................. 4
2.2. Analysis and selection of underground construction methods......................................4
2.2.1. Construction methods may be implemented......................................................................4
2.2.2. Phân tích và lựa chọn biện pháp thi công định hướng.......................................................4

3. DIAPHRAGM WALL DESIGN.......................................................................................................5

3.1. Choosing size and length of Diaphragm wall:..................................................................5
3.2. Assumptions in the calculation of the diaphragm wall according to the method of
construction orientation................................................................................................................ 6
3.2.1. Groundwater levels inside and outside the foundation pit..................................................6
3.2.2. Process of digging and erecting hold-up system................................................................7
3.3. Materials used:.................................................................................................................... 7
3.4. Load applied to the diaphragm wall...................................................................................7
3.5. Methods and diagrams of the diaphragm walls................................................................7
3.6. Displacement limit of Diaphragm wall...............................................................................8

4. KINGPOST AND BRACING SYSTEM DESIGNING:.....................................................................8

4.1. Load applied on bracing and Kingpost..............................................................................8
4.2. Material................................................................................................................................. 8
4.3. Method and diagram calculation........................................................................................8

5. APPENDIX CALCULATION.......................................................................................................... 8
5.1. Diaphragm wall.................................................................................................................... 8
5.2. Kingpost, bracing system, anchorage...............................................................................8

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SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

NOTES ON CALCULATION OF CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

ITEMS: METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION ORIENTATION OF UNDERGROUND
AND DIAPHRAGM WALL

1. BACKGROUND
1.1. Codes and Standards:

- QCVN 02/2009-BXD – Viet Nam building code Natural physical & Climatic data for
construction

- TCVN 2737:1995 – Loads and effects- Design standard;

- TCVN 9386:2012 – Design of structures for Earthquake resistances;

- TCVN 5574:2012 – Concrete structure – Design standard;

- TCVN 9395:2012 – Pored pile- Construction, check & acceptance;

- TCVN 5575-2012 – Steel structure – Design standard:

1.2. Other references

- Design and Execution of foundation PIT, PGS. TS. Phan Ba Ke:

- Ref-documents.
1.3. Geotechnical investigation Report
Geotechnical investigation Report made by VINAINCON Engineering & Construction JSC on 2019/08:

Building will set up in B1CC3, Tay Ho Tay New Urban, Tay Ho District, Ha Noi.
Based on monitor profile of boreholes, SPT on field and laboratory testing results, the stratum of soil
layers from the ground to the 70-meter depth are divided into 15 layers as follows:
- Layer 1: Made ground: sand, clayed, sandy clay; brownish grey, darkish grey ...

- Layer 2: Clay, Sandy clay; yellowish brown, reddish brown, greyish Stiff.

- Layer 3: Clay; yellowish brown, reddish brown, yellowish grey firm to Stiff.

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SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

- Layer 4: Clay - sandy clay; mixed organic, blackish grey, greyish, very soft.

- Layer 5: Clayed sand; yellowish brown. Plastic.

- Layer 6: Sandy clay somewhere mixed small gravels; yellowish brown, blueish grey, reddish
brown. Soft.

- Layer TK1: Fine sand; blackish grey, brownish grey. Medium dense.

- Layer 7: Fine sand somewhere mixed gravels; yellowish grey, brownish grey. Medium dense.

- Layer TK2: Gravels mixed sand; yellowish brown, brownish grey. Very dense.

- Layer 8: Medium sand mixed gravels; yellowish grey, yellowish brown. Medium dense.

- Layer TK3: Sandy clay; pinkish brown, brownish grey. Soft.

- Layer 9: Medium sand mixed gravels; yellowish brown, yellowish grey. Very dense.

- Layer 10: Fine sand; yellowish grey, brownish grey. Very dense.

- Layer 11: Gravels - sand; yellowish grey, whitish grey. Very dense.

- Layer 12: Clay Stone: Green grey, black grey strong weathered (RQD=5%; TCR =23%).
Bảng tổng hợp chỉ tiêu cơ lý các lớp đất:

Shear strength Shear strength Young

Density
(UU) (CU) modulus
Geological
d cu cd
t(kN/m3) u (°) d (°) E (MPa)
(kN/m3) (kPa) (kPa)
Layer 1 - - - - - - -
Layer 2 19.1 14.7 49.6 1 14.3 16.3 10.8
Layer 3 19.5 15.1 75.5 1 26.0 28.0 13.4
Layer 4 18.1 13.2 - - 10.3 10.2 2.5
Layer 5 19.6 16.4 - - - - 26.3
Layer 6 19.5 15.6 49.0 1 15.1 16.1 12.6
TK1 12.4 15.2 - - - - 8.6
Layer 7 12.8 15.2 - - - - 22.2
TK2 - - - - - - 48.1
Layer 8 13.0 15.3 - - - - 35.0
TK3 18.5 13.7 - - - - 7.1
Layer 9 13.0 15.3 - - - - 44.0
Layer 10 12.5 15.1 - - - - 20.0
Layer 11 - - - - - - >50
Layer 12: The clay stone is greenish gray, dark gray, weathered and strongly cracked
(RQD=5%; TCR =23%).

1.4. Specialized calculation software

- GEO5 software;

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SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

- Plaxis v8.6 software;

- Microsoft Excel
2. CONSTRUCTION METHODS OF UNDERGROUND ORIENTATION
2.1. Over view
Samsung R&D Campus is located in Tay Ho district, Hanoi, around the project land with infrastructure
and roads.
Access to the site is very convenient: the four sides of the site are adjacent to major roads.
The work includes 3 basements, 4 podium floors and 12 main tower floors. Basement area is about
10000 m2, the boundary of the basement is close to the construction boundary.
The depth of the project pit is 13.5m large, do not use earth anchors to support the hold of the pit
because the boundary of the tunnel wall has adjacent to the project boundary.
2.2. Analysis and selection of underground construction methods
2.2.1. Construction methods may be implemented
Currently in Hanoi there are 3 common underground construction methods:
- Bottom up: Open cut method
- Top-down: Complete Top down.
- Semi Top-down: combined: top-down & bottom up.

2.2.2.Analysis and selection of construction-oriented methods

a. Bottom up

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- Digging and opening the entire scope of the work ground, using shaped steel cable-stayed
systems to hold the excavated walls, the structure is constructed sequentially from the
foundation up.
 Pros

- Structure system is constructed sequentially from bottom to top, simple construction

- Save a lot of Kingpost

- Shorten excavation time

 Cons

- Need large horizontal bracing

- Construction ground is entangled due to large bracing

b. Top-down

- Digging through small openings (can arrange openings within the axis (A, H) - (13, 18), can
combine the construction of the base block simultaneously with the tunnel, the base block is
supported by Kingpost.
 Pros

- It is possible to shorten the overall construction time because the body is constructed
simultaneously.

- Small bracing system is due to small openings and basement system joins to keep the pit.
 Cons

- Strict requirements on construction safety, complex construction methods.

- Need a huge number of Kingpost.

c. Semi Top-down

- Digging through large openings (it is possible to arrange openings in the entire tower area),
complete construction of the entire underground area and then construction of the body.
 Pros

- Speeding up the progress of digging land compared to the Topdown method

- The number of Kingpost decreased compared to the Topdown

- Used very popular in Vietnam with similar scale works

 Cons

- Bracing system is more complicated than Topdown

 Based on the above remarks and actual experience of deep excavation pits
construction in Hanoi area, we chose the Semi Top-down method of construction as
the orientation construction method.
3. DIAPHRAGM WALL DESIGN
3.1. Choosing size and length of Diaphragm wall:

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SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

Construction work including 01 block (16 floors and 03 basement floor). In which, 3 rd Basement set at
-11,50m depth from ground. Based on size, shape, characteristic, important factor, geological
condition, construction method in wish and calculation, chosen diaphragm wall 800 mm with length
25m:

3.2. Assumptions in the calculation of the diaphragm wall according to the method of
construction orientation
3.2.1. Groundwater levels inside and outside the foundation pit
a. Groundwater level outside foundation pit:
According to the results of groundwater monitoring specified in the Construction Geological Survey
Report prepared by VINAINCON Construction Consulting Company in August 2019, the groundwater
level ranges from -13m to -17m compared to the natural ground surface. However, the water table
has seasonal fluctuations.
Based on the above observation results, in favor of safety Design consultants have selected the
underground water level outside the foundation pit at a depth of -8m above the natural ground to be
included in the calculation.
During the construction process, the Contractor should take measures to control the underground
water level outside the excavated pit always lower than -8m compared to the natural ground during
the basement construction process to ensure safety.

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SAM SUNG R&D CAMPUS CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

b. Groundwater level inside foundation pit:

In the process of digging the foundation pit, water will appear flowing from the bottom of the pit. In the
design consultancy, it is assumed that the underground water level inside the excavated pit is always
lower than the bottom of the pit is 0.5m (meaning that the contractor will pump the underground water
level inside the foundation pit is always lower than the bottom of the pit) is 0.5m)
3.2.2. Process of digging and erecting hold-up system
The process of sequential excavation and erection of the strut system see details in the drawing of
construction the underground section.
3.3. Materials used:

- Concrete B25 (M350) có E = 30000 MPa và Rb = 14.5 MPa, Rbt = 1.05 MPa;
- Rebar CB240, CB300, CB400, CB500 with strength by turn is Rs 225 MPa, 280 MPa, 365
MPa, 435 Mpa.
3.4. Load applied to the diaphragm wall
Load applied to the diaphragm wall includes active soil pressure and passive soil pressure and loads
during construction.
Calculated loading during the construction process on the ground outside the foundation pit is
assumed to have a value of q = 1.5 T / m2 (distributed over a width of 6m and a diaphragm wall 2m)
to be included in the calculation.
3.5. Methods and diagrams of the diaphragm walls

To calculate the internal force, displacement of the diaphragm wall and the ground according to the
steps of the orientation construction method. Design consultants used two Geo5 software. Sheeting
check and Plaxis for calculation. These are specialized software widely used by engineers around the
world and in Vietnam in designing pits, diaphragm walls and basements.

The modeling of calculation diagrams in the software is done as follows:

- The geological layers are modeled according to the data in the engineering geological survey report.

- The diaphragm wall is described by the wall element;

- Shirt floor and couch system is described by struts of equivalent hardness.

Internal force in the diaphragm wall, displacement of the ground as well as the stability of the
diaphragm wall and excavated pit are tested in each construction step according to the orientation
construction method.

The diaphragm walls are calculated and designed with the most unfavorable geological drilling in the
vicinity. During the calculation, the Design Consultant considered two states of non-drainage cohesive
(CU) and non-cohesive non-drainage (UU) based on the results of the three-axis compression test
taken according to the survey report. Geological construction survey.
The diaphragm wall must be monitored for horizontal displacement during construction. Design
consultants stipulate horizontal displacement limit of the diaphragm wall is H / 150 (H is the depth of
the excavated pit at the time of observation).

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The contractor is responsible for establishing the construction method and installing the stability and
stiffness system to control the displacement of the diaphragm wall within the permissible limits.
In case the horizontal displacement of the diaphragm wall exceeds the permissible horizontal
displacement limit, the construction contractor must immediately stop the construction, notify the
Investor, the Design Consultant to coordinate and handle.

3.6. Displacement limit of Diaphragm wall

The diaphragm wall must be monitored for horizontal displacement during construction. Design
consultants using horizontal displacement limit of the diaphragm wall is H / 150 (H is the depth of
excavation pit at the time of observation).
The contractor is responsible for establishing the construction method and erecting the stability and
stiffness system to control the displacement of the diaphragm wall within the permissible limits.
In case the horizontal displacement of the diaphragm wall exceeds the permissible horizontal
displacement limit, the construction contractor must immediately stop the construction, notify the
Employer and the Design Consultant for coordination and fixing.
4. KINGPOST AND BRACING SYSTEM DESIGNING:
4.1. Load applied on bracing and Kingpost
Bracing system receives horizontal loads from diaphragm walls and semi floor systems. In addition,
the bracing system also receives a part of construction load (if any).
Kingpost receives and supports vertical loads from above.
Assuming live load calculation to check kingpost:

- Live loading effects on the SOG is 25kN/m2

- Live loading effects on the B1, B2 is 6kN/m2.

4.2. Material
Using steel SS400 or equivalent.
4.3. Method and diagram calculation
Kingpost and supporting systems are modeled using finite element methods to calculate internal
forces and displacements.
5. APPENDIX CALCULATION
5.1. Diaphragm wall
5.2. Kingpost, bracing system, anchorage