Department of Education

Music 10
Afro-Latin American and Popular Music
Second Quarter – Week 2

Ghia Cressida T. Hernandez

Gary Oliver R. Zambrano

Writer

Eden B. Binaday
Validator

Quality Assurance Team Chair

African and Latin

American

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City

Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
(02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940

Musical Instruments

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After completing the lesson in the SLeM, you are expected to:
1. Describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American
and popular music
2. Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and Popular
music through listening activities
3. Explore ways of creating sounds on a variety of sources suitable to chosen
vocal and instrumental selections

Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. What do you call a single or multiple bell of Africa?

A. Agogo C. Mbira
B. Maracas D. Shekere
2. How do you classify an instrument that produces sound by strings?
A. Aerophone C. Idiophone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
3. Which of the following instrument is a membranophone?
A. Agogo C. Djembe
B. Balafon D. Zeze
4. Which of the following instrument is a chordophone?
A. Agogo C. Djembe
B. Balafon D. Zeze
5. What is instrument is called a finger piano?
A. Agogo C. Mbira
B. Maracas D. Shekere
6. It is one type of horn made from the horn of the kudu antelope.
A. Balafon C. Kudu horn
B. Djembe D. Panpipes
7. It is a 21 stringed harp lute.
A. Balafon C. Kudu horn
B. Kora D. Zeze
8. It is an African fiddle played with a bow.
A. Balafon C. Kudu horn
B. Kora D. Zeze
9. Which of the following instruments is an aerophone?
A. Agogo C. Cuatro

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 B. Bombardino D. Maracas
10.It is also known as rumba shakers and hand percussion instrument.
A. Agogo C. Cuatro
B. Bombardino D. Maracas
11.What is the classification of Conga?
A. Aerophone C. Idiophone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
12.What is the classification of panderetas?
A. Aerophone C. Idiophone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
13.How do you classify an instrument producing sound by blowing air?
A. Aerophone C. Idiophone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
14.What do you call a salsa drum set?
A. Bongo C. Tambor
B. Conga D. Timbales
15.A Latin American instrument performed as a solo instrument.
A. Bongo C. Tambor
B. Conga D. Timbales

Let’s look back to our previous lesson.

Directions: Match Column A with Column B

Column A Column B

_________1. Philippines’ Queen of Bossa Nova a. Soca

_________2. Best known proponent of Reggae b. Salsa
_________3. Ballroom dance in Latin America c. Samba
_________4. Means “new trend” in music d. Tango
_________5. Question and answer sequence e. Soul
_________6. Social dance with influence of Cuba and f. Bossa nova
Puerto Rico g. Call and Response
_________7. Pop combining soul and calypso music h. Sitti Navarro
_________8. Catchy rhythms accompanied by hand claps i. Bob Marley
_________9. Music performed to uplift spirits of slaves j. Son
_________10. Fusion of pop music canciones and k. Spiritual
rumba rhythm

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Classification of Instruments:
Aerophone- sounds produced by air
Chordophone – sounds produced by strings
Idiophone- sounds produced by instruments’ body
Membranophone- sound produced by skin
Lamellaphone - sounds produced by thin plates or “tongues”

African Musical Instruments

Idiophone:

Balafon-West African Agogo- single or multiple Shekere- dried gourd with

xylophone bells beads woven into a net

Membranphone:

Talking drum - used to send messages

Djembe – rope tuned skin-covered drum to announce births, deaths, marriages,
played with bare hands. It is the most sporting events, dances, initiation, or
important instrument of Africa. war

Lamellaphone: Aerophone:

Mbira– consists of a series of metal or Kudu horn - is one type of horn made
bamboo strips mounted on a board. It’s from the horn of the kudu antelope. It
a finger piano. Also referred as kalimba. releases a mellow and warm sound.

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Chordophone:

Zeze - an African fiddle

Musical bow- It consists Kora – 21 stringed harp played with a bow, a small
of a single string attached lute wooden stick, or plucked
to each end of a curved with the fingers.
stick

Latin American Musical Instruments

Idiophone:

Panderetas -
Guiro - is made by
Maracas – rumba Palitos- A pair of resembles the
carving the shell of
shakers, hand sticks that are tambourines,
the gourd. A
percussion banged together to handheld drums
rhythmic, rasping
instrument provide percussion with stretched
sound is produced.
rhythm animal skins
Membranophone:

Bongos - Latin
The conga drum Percussion,
was adapted from Timbales- A salsa
particularly as a Tambor - Hollowed
Africa. In its drum set
solo instrument. tree trunks covered
present form, the consisting of two
They are mainly with stretched-out
conga has a tunable drums
played sitting animal skin
tuneable skin and that differ in pitch,
down,
is also known as two cowbells,
held between the
the tumbadora cymbals and
knees.
woodblock

Chordophone: Aerophone:

Cuatro – guitar like instrument having 4 Bombardino - is also

strings. In 1875, it was changed to 5 known as the euphonium, which is
sets of double strings derived from Greek, meaning “soft
voice”.

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For Listening: Watch this video of African-American Instruments
1. Afro-Latin American Instruments Part 1 https://youtu.be/2EVSE8ErsB4
2. Afro-Latin American Instruments Part 2 https://youtu.be/1NFufZs0cSg

Directions: Write the name and classification of the following instruments:

African Instruments:

1. 2. 3.
Name: Name: Name:
Classification: Classification: Classification:

4. 5. 6.
Name: Name: Name:
Classification: Classification: Classification:

7. 8. 9. 10.
Name: Name: Name: Name:
Classification: Classification: Classification: Classification:

Latin American Instruments:

11. 12. 13.

Name: Name: Name:

Classification: Classification: Classification:

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14. 15. 16.
Name: Name: Name:
Classification: Classification: Classification:

17. 18. 19. 20.

Name: Name: Name: Name:
Classification: Classification: Classification: Classification:

Many instruments of Africa are made from natural elements like wood,
metal, animal, skin and horns, as well as improvised ones like tin cans and bottles.
These are mainly used to provide rhythmic sounds, which are the most defining
element of African music. Africans make musical instruments from the materials in
the environment, like forest areas from where they make large wooden drums.
Drums may also be made of clay, metal, tortoise shells, or gourds. Xylophones are
made of lumber or bamboo, while flutes can be constructed wherever reeds or
bamboo grow. Animal horns are used as trumpets while animal hides, lizard skins,
and snake skins can function as decorations as well as provide the membranes for
drumheads. Laces made of hides and skins are used for the strings of harps,
fiddles, and lutes

Latin American instruments are extremely useful in adding life, color, and
variety to their many vocal and dance forms which have captured the world’s
attention and
affectionate adoption.

The Mariachi is an extremely popular band in Mexico whose original

ensemble consisted of violins, guitars, harp, and an enormous guitarron (acoustic
bass guitar). Trumpets were later added, replacing the harp. Mariachi music is

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extremely passionate and romantic with their blended harmonies and characterized
by catchy rhythms. Its musicians are distinctly adorned with wide-brimmed hats
and silver button

Directions: Fill in the table. Write the name of instrument/s in each classification.

Classification African Instruments Latin American Instruments

Idiophone
Aerophone
Chordophone
Membranophone
Lamellaphone

Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. It is a pair of sticks that are banged together to provide percussion rhythm.

A. Agogo C. Palitos
B. Balafon D. Shekere
2. It is a West African xylophone.
A. Agogo C. Palitos
B. Balafon D. Shekere
3. It is a rope tuned skin-covered drum played with bare hands. It is the most
important instrument of Africa.
A. Djembe C. Talking drum
B. Mbira D. Zeze
4. It was adapted from Africa. In its present form, it has a tunable skin and is
also known as the tumbadora.
A. Bongo C. Djembe
B. Conga D. Timbales
5. It is also known as the euphonium, which is derived from Greek, meaning
“soft voice”.
A. Bombardino C. Kudu Horn
B. Bongo D. Musical bow
6. An idiophone instrument made of dried gourd with beads woven into a net.
A. Agogo C. Palitos
B. Balafon D. Shekere
7. It is an extremely popular band in Mexico whose original ensemble consisted
of violins, guitars, harp, and an enormous guitarron (acoustic bass guitar).
A. Maracatu C. Deep South

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 B. Mariachi D. Salsa
8. It consists of a single string attached to each end of a curved stick.
A. Bombardino C. Kudu Horn
B. Bongo D. Musical bow
9. It consists of a series of metal or bamboo strips mounted on a board. It’s a
finger piano. Also referred as kalimba.
A. Djembe C. Talking drum
B. Mbira D. Zeze
10.A Latin percussion, particularly as a solo instrument. It is mainly played
sitting down, held between the knees.
A. Bombardino C. Kudu Horn
B. Bongo D. Musical bow
11. The sound of this instruments is produced by blowing air.
A. Aerophone C. Lamellaphone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
12. The sound of this instruments is produced by thin plates or tongues.
A. Aerophone C. Lamellaphone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
13.The sound of this instruments is produced by strings.
A. Aerophone C. Lamellaphone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
14. What is the classification of Cuatro?
A. Aerophone C. Lamellaphone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone
15.What is the classification of Bombardino?
A. Aerophone C. Lamellaphone
B. Chordophone D. Membranophone

References

1. Sunico, Raul M. PhD, Horizon’s Grade 10 Learners Materials Music and Arts
Appreciation for Young Filipinos, Tawid Publication 2015. pp. 37-87
2. Hernandez, Ghia. Afro-Latin American Instruments Part 1. YouTube video.
11:57. September 22, 2020. https://youtu.be/2EVSE8ErsB4
3. Hernandez, Ghia. Afro-Latin American Instruments Part 2. YouTube video.
8:24. September 22, 2020. https://youtu.be/1NFufZs0cSg

Answer Key
2. Musical Bow-C1. Djembe-MActivities:

13. Panderetas-I12. Cuatro-C11. Tambor-M

LB

12. dPost Test

11. D 1. HPre-Test

13. b1. c
2. b
1. a

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