Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

Objective:
1. Create harmonic libraries
2. Model harmonic sources
3. Run Harmonic Load Flow study, check voltage and current distortions
4. Design and size harmonic filter
5. Validate harmonic filter performance
6. Run Harmonic Frequency Scan study, identify parallel resonance, and verify
harmonic filter performance
Steps:
1. Load Project:
 HA_Example 1\Example1
2. Create a Test Harmonic Library:
 Harmonic Type Current Source
 Manufacturer Test
 Model Test
 Include Interharmonics None (unchecked)
 Library Data Shown in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1: Harmonic Library Addition

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 Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

3. Enter Harmonic Source in DC System Network:

 Device Charger1
 Harmonic Source Harmonic Library
 Harmonic Type Current Source
 Manufacturer TEST
 Model TEST

 Device UPS-1
 Harmonic Source IEEE 519 Equation
 Pulse # 6
 Alpha 15
 Xc % 5
 Shift Angle 0 degree
 Beta 30 degree
 Max Order 50

Specify Harmonic Voltage Distortion Limit:

 Bus Main Bus
 Category PCC
 VTHD Limit 5%
 VIHD Limit 3%

 Bus Bus2
 Category Dedicated
 VTHD Limit 10 %
 VIHD Limit 5%

 Bus All other

 Category General
 VTHD Limit 2.5 %
 VIHD Limit 1.5 %

4. Edit Harmonic Study Case Editor:

 Plot the following buses: Bus1, Bus2, Sub 3, Main Bus
 Plot the following cables: Cable14
 Plot the following transformers: T2, T4
 Plot the following loads: HF1

5. Run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View (1st time):

 Observe one-line display, move slider to show different harmonic currents
 Observe plots for Buses - select Bus1, Plot Type: Waveform, Display: Order
 Check Alert View for Bus1 showing IHD and THD limit exceeded
 Check reports, select Complete and go through each page

6. Record Following Data:

 Voltage THD on Bus1 – slider to the left, read from one-line (7.29 % THD)
 5th harmonic current into Bus1 – slider on order 5 (179.5 A)

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 Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

7. Run Load Flow on LF View and Record Following Data:

 Create a new Presentation and call it LF-View, switch that view to LF
 Bus1 3-phase kVA loading, switch to KVA from Display Options (754 kVA)
 Bus1 Power Factor, check PF from Display Options for KVA (86.7 %)

8. Add and Size Harmonic Filter:

 Add a Harmonic Filter to Bus1 (HF1)
 Add a Low Voltage Circuit Breaker (LVCB) between HF1 and Bus1 (refer
to figure 2 below).
 Create a new configuration and call it HF1 ON
 When Configuration is Normal, LVCB is open, when Configuration is HF1
ON, LVCB is closed and HF1 is working
 Double-click on HF1

Figure 2: Addition of Single-Tuned Filter

Harmonic Filter Editor - Parameter Page

 Grounding Wye (Info Page)
 Filter Type Single-Tuned (Parameter Page)
 Capacitor Rated kV 0.277 kV (= 0.48 kV / √3)
 Inductor Q Factor 20

Size Filter – Harmonic Filter Sizing

 Harmonic Order 5
 Harmonic Current 179.5 A
 Sizing Option PF Correction
 Existing PF 86.7 %
 Desired PF 100 %
 1-Phase Load MVA 0.251 MVA (= 0.754 MVA / 3)
 Size Filter Calculate optimal harmonic filter parameters
 Substitute data Click on Substitute button and close the editor (see
Figure 3)

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 Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

Figure 3: Harmonic Filter Sizing Results

Harmonic Filter Editor - Parameter Page

 Update capacitor Max kV (Vc = 0.439 kV) and inductor Max I (IL = 503.4
A). See Figure 4.

Figure 4: Harmonic Filter Parameter Page

9. Re-run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View (2nd time):

 Switch to HF1 ON Configuration to place the HF1 online
 Re-run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View
 Check new THD on Bus1 (down to 4.02 % from 7.29 %)
 Check 5th harmonic current from Bus1 into system (0.5 A vs. 20.7 A before)

10. Check Other Alerts:

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 Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

 Bus THD and IHD

 Harmonic Filter
 Transformer
 Cable

11. Run Load Flow on LF View:

 Check Power Factor on T4 branch primary side (100%)
 Check Alert for other problems

12. Run Harmonic Frequency Scan:

 Go back to HA mode and observe Z Magnitude plot for Bus1 with
Configuration set to HF1 ON

ETAP Workshop Notes ©1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. Page 5 of 5