Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 1

This print-out should have 36 questions. 2. D

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page – find all choices 3. E
before answering.
4. F
AP M 1993 MC 29 30
001 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points 5. G
Two objects of masses 32 kg and 24 kg are
connected to the ends of a rigid rod (of negli- 6. B
gible mass) that is 70 cm long and has marks
every 10 cm, as shown. 7. A
A BCDE F GH J
8. H

9. C
10 20 30 40 50 60
32 kg 24 kg
Hinge and Bar 01
Which point represents the center of mass 003 10.0 points
of the sphere-rod combination? A uniform bar of length L and weight W is
attached to a wall with a hinge that exerts
1. D a horizontal force Hx and a vertical force Hy
on the bar. The bar (which makes an angle
2. J θ with respect to wall) is held by a cord that
makes a 90◦ angle with respect to bar.
3. A

4. B

5. E

6. C

7. F
W

8. H
L

9. G θ

002 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

The sphere-rod combination can be pivoted
about an axis that is perpendicular to the
plane of the page and that passes through one What is the magnitude of the tension T in
of the five lettered points. the cord?
Through which point should the axis pass
1
for the moment of inertia of the sphere-rod 1. T = W cos θ
combination about this axis to be greatest? 2
1
2. T = W sin2 θ
1. J 2
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 2
  
1 1 L
3. T = W sin θ 9. T = m1 + m2 g cos θ
2 2 x
1   
4. T = W sin θ cos θ 1 L
2 10. T = m1 + m2 g
2 x
1
5. T = W tan θ 005 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
2
Find the the horizontal component of the
1 2
6. T = W cos θ force exerted on the bar by the wall. (Let
2 right be the positive direction.)
Beam on a Slanted Wall 01   
1 L
004 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points 1. Fx = m1 + m2 g cos θ
A solid bar of length L has a mass m1 . The 2 x
bar is fastened by a pivot at one end to a 2. Fx = (m1 + m2 ) g cos θ
wall which is at an angle θ with respect to   
the horizontal. The bar is held horizontally 1 L
3. Fx = m1 + m2 g
by a vertical cord that is fastened to the bar 2 x
  
at a distance x from the wall. A mass m2 is 1 L
suspended from the free end of the bar. 4. Fx = m1 + m2 g sin θ
2 x
  
L g
5. Fx = (m1 + m2 )
x 2
  
1 L
T 6. Fx = m1 + m2 g
2 x
  
θ m1 1 L
7. Fx = m1 + m2 g sin θ
2 x
x m2 8. Fx = (m1 + m2 ) g sin θ
L   
1 L
9. Fx = m1 + m2 g cos θ
2 x
Find the tension in the cord.
   10. Fx = 0
1 L
1. T = m1 + m2 g sin θ
2 x Angular Frequency SW
006 10.0 points
2. T = (m1 + m2 ) g sin θ
An oscillator is described by
3. T = 0 x(t)
  
1 L
4. T = m1 + m2 g 2
2 x
1
5. T = (m1 + m2 ) g cos θ
   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 L t (sec)
6. T = m1 + m2 g sin θ
2 x
  
L g What is the angular frequency ω?
7. T = (m1 + m2 )
x 2
   1. 4.0 rad/s
1 L
8. T = m1 + m2 g cos θ
2 x
2. 2.0 rad/s
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 3
4. T = ω
3. 1.6 rad/s
5. T = 2 π ω
4. 3.1 rad/s
AP M 1998 MC 9
5. 6.2 rad/s 009 10.0 points
The equation of motion of a simple harmonic
AP B 1993 MC 43 oscillator is
007 10.0 points d2 x
A particle oscillates up and down in simple = −9 x ,
dt2
harmonic motion. Its height y as a function
of time t is shown in the diagram. where x is displacement and t is time.
What is the period of oscillation?
5
2π
t (s) 1. T =
y (cm)

3
1 2 3 4 5 2. T = 6 π
9
5 3. T =
2π
At what time t in the period shown does 2π
the particle achieve its maximum positive ac- 4. T =
9
celeration?
3
5. T =
1. t = 2 s 2π
AP M 1998 MC 9 Non Calc
2. t = 3 s 010 10.0 points
The equation of motion of a simple harmonic
3. t = 1 s oscillator is
a = −9 x ,
4. t = 4 s
where x is displacement and t is time.
5. None of these; the acceleration is con- What is the period of oscillation?
stant.
3
1. T =
AP B 1998 MC 56 2π
008 10.0 points 9
2. T =
An object moves up and down the y-axis with 2π
an acceleration given as a function of time t 2π
by the expression a = A sin ω t, where A and 3. T =
9
ω are constants.
What is the period of this motion? 4. T = 6 π

2π 2π
1. T = 5. T =
ω 3
ω Cut SHM spring in half
2. T =
2π 011 10.0 points
3. T = ω 2 A A simple harmonic oscillator consists of a
mass m attached to a spring with spring con-
stant k. It oscillates with period T .
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 4
If the spring is cut in half and used with the What is the velocity of this oscillator at
same mass m, the period will be: t = 0?

1. 2 T 1. 18.8 cm/s
T 2. −2 π cm/s
2. √
2
√
3. 2 T 3. 17.1 cm/s

4. T 4. π cm/s

T 5. −17.1 cm/s
5.
2
6. 2 π cm/s
OscillationAccel
012 10.0 points
7. −18.8 cm/s
A simple harmonic oscillator is described by
the function
8. 6 cm/s


x(t) = (6 cm) cos π s−1 t + 2 .
9. −6 cm/s
What is the acceleration of this oscillator
10. −π cm/s
at t = 0 ?
Second Law and SHM
1. 18.8 cm/s2
014 10.0 points
Which Second Law expression describes a
2. Zero
simple harmonic oscillator? Take B to be
a positive nonzero constant.
3. −24.6 cm/s2
1. ax = −B x2
4. −6 cm/s2
 2
θ
5. 24.6 cm/s2 2. α = +B
2
6. −59.2 cm/s2 3. α = +B θ

7. −18.8 cm/s2 4. α = −B θ
√
8. 6 cm/s2 5. ax = −B x

9. 59.2 cm/s2 6. α = −B sin (θ)

10. 2 cm/s2 7. ax = +B x2

OscillationVel 8. ax = +B x
013 10.0 points
A simple harmonic oscillator is described by SHM Zero Velocity
the function 015 10.0 points

 The motion of a certain simple harmonic os-
x(t) = (6 cm) cos π s−1 t + 2 .
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 5
cillator is described by

 7. φ = π
x(t) = (14 cm) sin 1 s−1 t .
3
What is the earliest time t ≥ 0 at which the 8. φ = π
oscillator’s velocity is zero? 4
9. φ = 2 π
1. t = 1 s
AP M 1993 MC 24
2. t = 2π s 017 10.0 points
Two identical massless springs are hung from
3. t = ∞; the velocity is never zero for any a horizontal support. A block of mass m is
finite time. suspended from the pair of springs, as shown.

4. It will be zero at any time x is zero.

5. t = 0 s k k
6. t = π s
π m
7. t = s
4
π When the block is in equilibrium, each
8. t = s
2 spring is stretched an additional ∆x. Then
9. We cannot say, since we are not given the block is set into oscillation with ampli-
vx (0). tude A; when it passes through its equilibrium
point it has a speed v.
In which of the following cases will the
Mass Spring System 02
block, when oscillating with amplitude A, also
016 10.0 points
have speed v when it passes through its equi-
Consider the oscillation
librium point? The acceleration of gravity is
x = xm cos(ω t + φ) g.
A) The block is hung from only one of the
of a mass-spring system, where xm is a posi-
two springs:
tive number. At time t = 0, the mass is at the
equilibrium point x = 0 and it is moving with
positive velocity v0 .
What is the phase angle φ?
k
3
1. φ = π
2
5 m
2. φ = π
4
1 B) The block is hung from the same two
3. φ = π springs, but the springs are connected in
2
series rather than parallel:
4. φ = 0
1
5. φ = π
4
7
6. φ = π
4
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 6
in equilibrium when horizontal and attached
at either end to two vertical springs (of spring
constants k1 and k2 ), which are both anchored
k to the floor.

L
b
k θ xcm

k2
m k1

C) An additional mass of m is attached to

the block: If the bar is pulled away from equilibrium
by a very small angle, what is the resulting
angular frequency of oscillation?
r
k k 3 (k1 + k2 )
1.
M
r
g (k1 + k2 )
2.
ML
2m s
12 k1 k2
3.
M (k1 + k2 )
r
M
1. A only 4.
k1 + k2
2. None of these 5. More information is needed.
r
3. C only Mg
6.
L
r
4. A, B, and C L g k1
7.
k
5. A and C only r 2
k1 L
8.
6. B only k M
r 2
g
9.
7. A and B only ML

8. B and C only Spring Angular Frequency

019 10.0 points
A desktop globe of the Earth, a hollow sphere
Bar Oscillating 2
018 10.0 points with Icm = M R2 is attached to a hori-
3
zontal spring with one end fixed. When the
A uniform bar of mass M and length L is spring is stretched slightly from equilibrium,
pivoted freely at its center of mass and has the sphere rolls without slipping across a level
1 tabletop, in simple harmonic motion.
moment of inertia Icm = M L2 . The bar is
12
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 7
the disk. Use a small angle approximation.
s
R
1. T = 2π
g
s
5R
2. T = 2π
What is the angular frequency of the mo- 3g
tion? s
r 2R
5M 3. T = 2π
1. g
3k
r s
2kR 7R
2. 4. T = 2π
5M 6g
vcm
3.
R s
r 4R
2k 5. T = 2π
4. 3g
5M R
r
M s
5. R
k 6. T = 2π
r 2g
3k
6. s
5M
r R
6k 7. T = 2π
7. 3g
5M
r s
2k
8. 3R
3M 8. T = 2π
r 2g
10 k R
9. s
7M
2R
Oscillation of a Disk 9. T = 2π
3g
020 10.0 points
A disk of radius R, mass M and uniform s
density and thickness is pivoted at point A at 11 R
10. T = 2π
the disk’s edge. 6g
y x
A Spring Oscillation 02
R 021 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Consider the oscillation of a mass-spring
θ Mg system, where

The disk swings left-and-right on the pivot
about the equilibrium position directly below
the pivot point A.
Calculate the period of small oscillations of
x = A cos(ω t + φ) .
At the time t = 0, the mass is at x = 0 and it
is moving to the right with a speed v0 .
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 8

v0 7. E = 2 m v02
k x
m 5
8. E = m v02
2
9. E = m v02
x=0
10. E = 3 m v02
Find the phase angle φ. Consider x as
the projection of a counter-clockwise uniform Pendulum SHM
circular motion. 023 10.0 points
π A simple pendulum of mass m and length ℓ is
1. φ = attached to a horizontal spring of force con-
2
stant k and negligible mass that is tethered
2. φ = π on the other end to a wall. When the pen-
dulum hangs straight down in gravitational
3. φ = 0 equilibrium, the spring is unstretched. If the
3π pendulum is displaced a very slight distance
4. φ = to the right, one can assume that its sim-
2
ple harmonic motion has a period of the form
5π 2π
5. φ = T =√ .
4 e
π
6. φ =
4
7π
7. φ =
4
3π
8. φ =
4
π θ
9. φ =
3
10. φ = 2 π m k

022 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points What is the value of the constant e?

Find the total energy of the oscillation at k g
T 1. +
t = , where T is the period. m ℓ
8 g
2. , as always for a simple pendulum.
1. E = 4 m v02 ℓ
1 gk
2. E = m v02 3.
4 ℓm
3 k
3. E = m v02 4.
4 ℓmg
5 5. Zero; the force due to the spring cancels
4. E = m v02
4 out the force due to gravity.
3  
5. E = m v02 1 g k
2 6. +
2 ℓ m
1
6. E = m v02 k+g
2 7.
mℓ
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 9

8. The pendulum cannot be a simple har- A m B C D 2m E

monic oscillator because gravity will be the
dominant force on it, and gravity over such a
r r r r r r
short distance is a constant force.
At which of these locations would the net
g k gravitational force on an object due to these
9. −
ℓ m two spheres be the least?
Conceptual 03 09
024 10.0 points 1. C
Consider the orbit of a typical comet around
the sun, which is marked at five different po- 2. E
sitions, P, X , S, U, and Z.
Z 3. D
X
4. A
b
U 5. B
a
S
Sun Gravity Problem
026 10.0 points
Denote the mass and the radius of the Earth
by M and R. A satellite of mass m is circulat-
P ing around the Earth at a radius of r = 5R .
Using Kepler’s second law of planetary mo-
tion, rank those positions in order of their rel-
ative speeds, with the position for the fastest
speed first. R
r
1. Z P X U S r = 5R

2. U X Z P S
Find the energy required to launch the
3. P S U X Z satellite from the Earth into its orbit. Make
use of conservation of energy.
4. S P Z X U
5 GM m
1. Ki =
5. Z X U S P 9 R
10 G M m
2. Ki =
6. S U X P Z 11 R
9 GM m
Conceptual 05 Q4 Q5 3. Ki =
5 R
025 10.0 points 9 GM m
4. Ki =
10 R
Two iron spheres of mass m and 2 m,
11 G M m
respectively, and equally spaced points “r 5. Ki =
apart” are shown in the figure. 10 R
4 GM m
6. Ki =
5 R
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 1
r
6 GM m vB 20
7. Ki = 8. =
5 R vA 49
10 G M m r
8. Ki = vB 4
9 R 9. =
vA 5
5 GM m
9. Ki = 028 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
11 R
11 G M m Let the distance of the satellite A from the
10. Ki = center of the Earth be 10 RE , where RE is the
5 R
radius of the Earth.
Two Satellites in Orbit 03 What is the gravitational acceleration due
027 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points to the Earth at satellite A? Denote the grav-
Two satellites A and B orbit the Earth in itational acceleration at the surface of the
the same plane. Their masses are 5 m and Earth by g.
7 m, respectively, and their radii 4 r and 7 r,
g
respectively. 1. gA =
81
g
2. gA =
3
g
3. gA = √
10
7r g
4. gA =
11
4r g
A 5. gA =
10
B g
5m 6. gA =
100
7m g
7. gA =
121
8. gA = g
What is the ratio of their orbital speeds?
g
r 9. gA =
vB 5 9
1. = g
vA 7 10. gA = √
r 11
vB 49
2. = Motion in a Tunnel
vA 20
029 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
3. None of these An object of mass 53.7 kg moves in a smooth
r straight tunnel of length 2520 km dug through
vB 7 a chord of a planet of mass 8.53 × 1024 kg and
4. =
vA 4 radius 8.52 × 106 m.
r
vB 5
5. =
vA 4
r
vB 4
6. =
vA 7
r
vB 7
7. =
vA 5
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 1
y 8. A, C

x x Elliptical Satellite Orbit

F m 032 10.0 points
A satellite is in an elliptical orbit around
θ
a planet whose mass M is immensely greater
than that of the satellite.

~r1 ~r2
Find the effective force constant of the har-
monic motion. The value of gravitational
constant is 6.67259 × 10−11 N m2 /kg2 .
Answer in units of N/m.
Which general relation connects the speed
030 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points vi of the satellite and its distance ri from
Find the maximum speed of the object. the center of mass of the planet at any two
Answer in units of m/s. arbitrary points on the orbit?

1. r1 v1 = r2 v2
Elliptical Orbit 03
031 10.0 points
A small moon is in an extremely elliptical 2. v12 r1 = v22 r2
orbit around a planet. v12 v2
3. = 2
D r1 r2
A 2GM 2GM
4. v12 − = v22 −
r1 r2

C Energy of a Satellite 02
B
033 10.0 points
The radius of the satellite’s orbit around the
9
At which point in the orbit is the moon’s center of the Earth is r = R , where R is the
speed the greatest, and at which point is its 2
radius of the Earth.
acceleration the greatest? Hint: You may find it useful to take into
account that the gravitational force is a con-
1. B, B servative force.
Hint: The universal gravitational force law
2. A, A is
~ = G M m r̂ .
F
3. D, D r2
4. C, A

5. D, B 9 R
2
6. C, C R Satellite
Earth
7. B, D
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 1
Caution: Neglect the rotational kinetic en-
ergy due to the Earth’s rotation. r22
1. k~v2 k = v1
Find the energy required to launch a satel- r12
lite from Earth into the circular orbit at the r2 − r1
9 2. k~v2 k = v1
specified radius r = R. r1 + r2
2 r1
8 GM m 3. k~v2 k = v1
1. E = r2
9 R
4. k~v2 k = (r2 − r1 ) v1
7 GM m
2. E = r2
6 R 5. k~v2 k = v1
10 G M m r1
3. E = r1 + r2
9 R 6. k~v2 k = v1
9 GM m 2
4. E = r2
8 R 7. k~v2 k = 12 v1
3 GM m r2
5. E = r2 + r1
2 R 8. k~v2 k = v1
11 G M m r1 − r2
6. E =
9 R Gravitational Force 03
7 GM m 035 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
7. E = A uniform rod of mass M is in the shape of a
8 R
semicircle of radius R.
8. None of these
M
7 GM m
9. E =
9 R
2 GM m
10. E = R
3 R
m
AP M 1993 MC 32
034 10.0 points Calculate the magnitude of the force on
A satellite is in an elliptical orbit around a a point mass m placed at the center of the
planet as shown, with r1 and r2 being its semicircle.
closest and farthest distances, respectively,
from the center of the planet. 2πGmM
1. Fo =
R2
GmM
2. Fo =
R2
2GmM
1 ~v2 3. Fo =
r1 r2 π R2
Planet Satellite 2 GmM
4. Fo =
~v1 R
GM
5. Fo =
R2
π G m2
6. Fo =
If the satellite has a speed v1 ≡ k~v1 k at R2
its closest distance, what is its speed at its 036 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
farthest distance? In which direction does this force point, if ı̂
Version 001 – HW#7 - Statics, Simple Harmonic Motion, Gravitation – hester – (WV2020APPhysC01) 1
points to the right from m in the figure, and ̂
points upwards from m?

bo = √1 (ı̂ + ̂)
1. F
2
bo = −ı̂
2. F

bo = −̂
3. F

bo = − √1 (ı̂ + ̂)
4. F
2
bo = − √1 (ı̂ − ̂)
5. F
2
bo = ı̂
6. F

bo = √1 (ı̂ − ̂)
7. F
2
bo = ̂
8. F