UDC 629.113.075 : 620.17 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Minimum Turning Radius Test Procedure of Automobiles JIS D 1025- Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Printed in Japan ssUDC 629.113,075:620.17 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Jrs Minimum Turning Radius Test Procedure D 1025-1985 of Automobiles + Scope This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the procedure of minimum turning radius test of automobiles. However, this standard does not apply to two-wheeled vehicles, three-wheeled vehicles, industrial vehicles, construction vehicles, agricultural vehicles, and combination vehicles. 2. Definition ‘The main terms used in this standard mean as follows except as epecified in JIS D 0102. (1) overall width The distance (5) between the two planes which are parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the automobile and contact the automobile on both sides of the median plane (refer to Fig. 1). However, back mirrors, under mirrors, and flexible antennas attached outside of the car body shall be excluded from the objects of measurement. Fig. 1. Overall Width of Automobile fe (2) outside wheel minimum turning radius The radius (n) of the Grace dvave by the centre of Contact with the ground of the tire coming to the outermost position when the automobile runs slowly at the maximum steering angle. (3) inside wheel minimum turning radius The radius (72) of the Hlace Weave Uy the Coutts af contact with the ground of the tire coming to the innermost position when the automobile runs slowly at the maximum steering angle. Applicable Standard: JIS D 0102-Glossary of Terms Relating to Automobiles-Dimensions, Masses, Weights and Performances of Automobiles Reference Standard: 180 612-Road vehicles-Dimensions of motor vehicles and towed vehicles-Terms and definitions¥ D 1025-1985 (4) outside body minimum turning radius The radius (mn) of the trace drawn by the outermost part of the car body (excluding the backmirror, under mirrors, flexible antennas) when the automobile runs slowly at the maximum steering angle. (5) {aside body minimum turning radius The radius (7) of the trace drawn by the innermost part of the car body (excluding backmirrors, under mirrors, and flexible antennas) when the automobile runs slowly at the maximum steering angle. Fig. 2, For Two-Axle, Fig. 3. For Multi-axle, Single-Wheel Vehicles Dual-Wheel Vehicles Measuring Items ‘The measuring items shall be as follows: (1) Outside wheel minimum turning radius. (2) Inside wheel minimum turning radius. (3) Outside body minimum turning radius. (4) Inside body minimum turning radius 4. Test Road The test road shall be a concrete- or asphalt-paved dry, flat road having a sufficient space for the automobile to repeat its turning several times, 5. Test Appliances ‘The following test appliances shall be used: (1) Tracing Device An apparatus or tool for marking the running trace of the automobile. (2) Measuring Tape A measuring tape of a length capable of measuring the diameter of the running trace circle of the autonobile,3 D 1025-1985 6. Test Method 6.1 Condition of Test Automobile The standard condition of the test automobile shall be that of the empty automobile carrying one driver, The tires used in the test automobile shall be those designated in the specifications. 6.2 Conditioning of Test Automobile The test automobile shall be conditioned as follow: (1) Front Wheel Alignment The front wheel alignment shall be checked under the empty condition of the automobile and if required, corrected to within the range of values shown in the specifications of the test automobile. (2) Maximum Steering Angle The maximum steering angle shall be checked under the empty condition of the automobile, and after its correction to the value shown in the specifications of the test automobile, the maximum number of revolutions of the steering wheel shall be measured. 6.3 Test Procedure The following test procedures shall be carried out: (1) Prepare the tracing device. (2) Make trial running at least two times at extremely lov speed respectively for left-hand and right-hand turning, with the steering wheel fixed so that the maximun steering angle can be maintained. (3) After running without stopping while drawing the wheel traces on the test road under the running conditions of (2) until the wheel traces come to overlap, stop the test automobile outside the running trace circle. (4) Measure the diameter of the running trace circle in two perpendicularly crossing directions. (5) Perform the test in both the left and right turning directions. (6) Report the test records and results according to Appended Table. 7. Recording and Arrangement of Test Results 7.1 Data on the elements of the test automobile and the conditions at the test shall be written as follows (1) As to the elements of the test automobile, write the values shown in the specifications. (2) Divide the wheel base column into 3 parts to allow writing the values for up to 4~axle cars, and write them in the order of from the first to the third wheel base.4 D 1025-1985 Qa) 4) «) (6) Divide the wheel base column into 4 parts, and write the values in the order of from the first-axle wheel base to the fourth-axle wheel base. Divide the dual wheel spacing column into 4 parts, and if there are dual wheels, write the values of dual wheel spacing. In the respective front wheel and rear wheel colums in the tire air pressure colum, write the values for the tires attached to the wheels which can be regarded as the front wheels and rear wheels, and if the rear wheels have dual tires, write the values of the outside member of the dual tire in the upper column and those of the inside member in the lower column. In the load distribution column under the conditions at test, divide the respective colums of front left and right, and rear left and right into two parts to allow writing for cases of up to 4~axle cars, and write all the loads on the left and Tight wheels of respective axles. 7.2 The values of the test results shall be indicated as follows: qa) (2) «@) «@ Gs) Indicate the maximum number of revolutions of the steering wheel to the first decimal place and cut off the second decimal place and under. Divide the respective columns of inside and outside turning wheels of the maximum steering angle into two parts to allow writing for cases of up to four steering wheels, and indicate the values of maximum steering angle to the first integral place of the degree unit. Obtain two measured values of turning diameter for each turning direction, and indicate them to the second decimal place of the meter unit by rounding up the third decimal place. Indicate the value of average turning radius by averaging the measured values of turning diameter for each turning direction and obtaining half of the average to the first decimal place by rounding up the third decimal place. Indicate the value of minimum turning radius to the first decimal place by averaging the average turning radius values and rounding up the second decimal place. However, where the average turning radius values for left-hand and right-hand turning differs by 0.1m or more, indicate the larger value to the first decimal place by rounding up the second decimal place.3s D 1025-1985, Appended Table. Records and Results of Minimum Turning Radius Test (1) Designation and Type of Test Automobile (2) Values of Elements of Test Automobile TEE mm Froat wheel Rear wheel Sigg) mm a —— Size Weel re Wise om ™ Me Track mim Bee [Dust whee, i : spacing 1m (3) Conditions at Test ace of teat ae eating site teat Fest nae haerst——f Hint ie oad surface Treat tar Driver's Mane of tee att fs nesauver (4) Test Resul ‘Vaximun number of revolutions] ~iciaae =F Of ateering wheel ‘Outeide turning wheel | Ineide turning wheel Maxioun steering angle (degrees) Turning direction Left-hand turning Right-hand turaiag le oo Paice se" | tnetde wheel ‘sratng iamet®" Qurside body ™ [inside body lawerage] Ovt@ide wheel dies | Taside vheed ‘Outaide body Ineide body [ntatmua| Outwide wheel ages | tnatde wheet Minimum turning radiue test reaulte Outmide body Inside bodyD 1025-1985 Edition 1 Japanese Text Established by Minister of International Trade and Industry Date of Establishment: 1985-03-01 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1985-03-14 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on Automobiles and Aircrafts ‘Technical Committee on Automobiles ‘This English translation is published by: Japanese Standards Association 1-24, Akasaka 4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107 Japan © ISA, 1987