C4.
1 Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table Set 2
Describe the main steps in the history of the periodic
table
appropriate
State the properties of group 1 – Alkali Metals
Explain why group 1 become more reactive as you go
down
State the properties of group 7 – The Halogens
Explain why group 7 becomes less reactive as you go
down
Why are group 0 unreactive?
What happens to the boiling points as you go down
group 0?
• Elements were placed in order of atomic
weight
• Early periodic table was incomplete and
some elements were placed in the wrong
group
• Medeleev left gap to ensure elements were
placed in groups with similar properties. He
predicted that new elements would be
discovered to fit in the gaps
He also changed the atomic weight order if
• Soft, low density, shiny, very reactive
• lithium + oxygen  lithium oxide
• sodium + water  sodium hydroxide +
hydrogen
• Down the group, the atoms become larger
• Outer electron is further away from the
nucleus and so there is less attraction
• Outer electron is more easily lost.
• Non-metals, consisting of molecules of pairs
of atoms
• Further down the group the higher the
boiling point
• More reactive halogen displaces a less
reactive one
• Down the group the atoms become bigger
• Outer shell is further away from the nucleus
so there is less attraction
• Harder to gain an electron
• They have a full outer shell of electrons
• They get higher