Special groups in the

periodic table
 Objectives
• Group I
• Group VII
• Halogens react with halides
• Group 0
• Transition metals
 Group 1
• Li
• Na
• K
• Rb
• Cs
• Fr
 Quick review of group I
o Name – Alkali metal(because they make alkali when they react with water)
o Valence electrons- one
o The most active member- Fr
o The least active member – Li
o The Trend in atomic radius across the group – Increases
o The Trend in melting point across the group- Decreases
o The trend in density across the periodic table- Increases
Why first group elements so active ?
 Alkali metals
• Low density(light
• Low Melting and boiling point)
• Malleable (give different shapes )
• Soft metals
• Good conductors
• Highly reactive
• Have clear trend in reactivity
• Don’t make colourful compounds
• They can make ions only positive one
 Quick review of group VII

o Name – Halogen(Non-metals)
o Valence electrons- 7 electron
o The most active member- Fluorine
o The least active member – Iodine
o The Trend in atomic radius across the group – Increases
o The Trend in melting point across the group- Increases
 Colours and states ?
• F- Yellowis-green gas

• Cl Green gas

• Br Red-brown liquid

• I Grey solid Doesn’t have liquid state Purple at gas state

Why are they so active ?
 Halogens react with halides(Salt)

• More active halogen replaces less active

from its compound
F>Cl>Br>I
Chlorine replaces bromine from its
compound
• Br2 + KCl---no reaction
• F2 + NaCl-- NaF + Cl2
Group 0: Noble gases
Why are they unreactive ?
Uses of noble gases
Xe

Kr
Transition elements
 Physical properties
• High density(Heavy)
• High melting and boiling point
• Malleable(give different shapes)
• Hard,tough, strong
• Good conductors
 Chemical properties
• Much less reactive elements compared with alkali elements
• No clear trend in reactivity
• Form coloured compounds
• Form ions with different charges
 High density
Have 1 valence
soft
electron

Good conductors No trend in

Reactive reactivity
Trend in Hard
reactivity ,tough,strong

Colourful
compounds

Alkali metals vs transition metals

 Pair work
• Topic: The periodic table,Special groups