Covalent

bonding
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Objectives

 What is covalent bonding and how it can be

formed?

 Formation of covalent bonding in small molecules

 Describe covalent bonding with different

diagrams writing

 Differences between ionic and covalent bonding

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WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN NON-

METAL ATOMS BOND
TOGETHER ?

 MAKE a COVALENT
BOND.
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COVALENT BONDING IS MADE BY
ELECTRON SHARING

 Simple example H2

Hydrogen Hydrogen
Hydrogen atoms will share valance
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electrons
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But what if 2
Chlorine atoms
come together?
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Covalent bond
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A single covalent bond is formed when atoms share
two electrons.
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A double covalent bond is formed
when atoms share 4 electrons
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A triple covalent bond is formed
when atoms share six electrons
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Lets look at other examples

1 7

Sharing valence electrons

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Now hydrogen has 2 electrons , while

chlorine has 18 electrons
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Which type of
bonding presents in
water?
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covalent?
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Covalent
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ionic ?
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z Covalent
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ionic?
Differences
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between ionic and covalent
bonding
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Electron transfer: lose or gain
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Ionic bonding
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Electron sharing
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Venn diagram
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Regular Low melting

Made by lattice point
electron Gases or
transfer High liquids
Strong melting Type of
forces point electrostatic Weak forces
Crystals force
Made by Insoluble in
Soluble in
electron water
Good water
sharing
conductors
at liquid Poor
state conductors

Ionic Covalent
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