Statics and Dynamics: Assignment 3 Solution

(select questions only)

Note that the values in result might be slightly different depending on the number
of decimal places used in calculation
Q1:
16 N force makes an angle of θ = α − 20o = 8o with the horizontal.

F
A θ
20o
170 r⃗
mm
20o
x
B

F~ = −(16 N )Cosθî−(16 N )Sinθĵ = −(16 N )cos∗o î−(16 N )cos∗o ĵ = −15.84î−2.23ĵ

~ = −(170 mm)cos20o î + (170 mm)sin20o ĵ = −0.1597 mî + 0.0581 mĵ
~r = BA

 
 î ĵ k̂  
−0.1597 m

~ B = ~r × F~ = −0.1597 m
 0.0581 m
M 0.0581 m 0 = k̂ 

 −15.84 N −15.84 N −2.23 N 
−2.23 N 0
= k̂(−0.1597 × −2.23 − (0.0581 × −15.84)) = 1.276 N.mk̂
~ B = 1.276 N.mk̂
M
Q2

~rDA = −(100 mm)î − (200 mm)ĵ

F~ = 300Cos25o î + 300Sin25o ĵ = (271.9 N )î + (126.8 N )ĵ
   
rDA,x r  −0.1 m −0.2 m
~ D = ~rDA × F~ = k̂  DA,y
 
M  Fx
 = k̂   = 41.7k̂
Fy   271.9 N 126.8 N 
~ D = 41.7 N.m
M

1
 b)
For minimum force the angle between the ~rDB and F~B should be 90o .
p
~rDB = (200 mm)î − (200 mm)ĵ rDB = (200)2 + (−200)2 = 282.84 mm = 0.283m
MD 41.7 N.m
MD = rDB .FB FB = = = 147.35 N
rDB 0.283 m
The required force at B is thus 147.35 N, ]45o
Q3
First resolve the 200 N force(F~ ) and the position vector
(~r) . Then find moment using M ~ = ~r × F~ .

F~ = −200sin60o ĵ + 200cos60o k̂ = −173.2 N ĵ + 100 N k̂

~r = AC~ = 75 mmĵ + 60 mmî = 0.06 mî + 0.075 mĵ
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ A = ~r × F~ = 0.06 m
 
M  0.075 m 0 
 0 −173.2 N 100 N 
     
 0.075 m 0  − ĵ 0.06 m 0 
  0.06 m 0.075 m 
= î  + k̂ 
−173.2 N 100 N   0 100 N   0 −173.2 N 
= 7.5 N.mî − 6 N.mĵ − 10.4 N.mk̂

M~ A = 7.5 N.mî − 6 N.mĵ − 10.4 N.mk̂

Q4:
Here,first find the force exerted by the cable BC at
B.
~ = −6 mî + 2.4 mĵ − 4 mk̂
BC BC = 7.6 m
~
BC
λ̂BC = = −0.7895î + 0.3158ĵ − 0.5263k̂
BC

T~BC = λ̂.TBC = (−0.7895î + 0.3158ĵ − 0.5263k̂).(2.5 kN )

= −1.974 kN î + 0.7895 kN ĵ − 1.316 kN k̂
~ = 6 mî
~r = AB r⃗ TBC
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ A = ~r × T~BC
 
M = 6m 0 0 

−1.974 kN 0.7895 kN −1.316 kN 
   
 6m 0   6m 0 
= −ĵ 
  + k̂  
−1.974 kN −1.316 kN  −1.974 kN 0.7895 kN 
= 7.896 kN.mĵ + 4.737 kN.mk̂

~ A = 7.896 kN.mĵ + 4.737 kN.mk̂

M

2
Q5:
T = 810 N
a) Moment about A due to force exerted by
~ D = ~rAD × T~DE
cable at D: M A

~rAD = −0.6 mî − 1 mĵ + 3 mk̂

DE~ = 0.6 mî + 3.3 mĵ − 3 mk̂ DE = 4.5 m
~
DE
λ̂DE = = 0.133î + 0.733ĵ − 0.667k̂ TDE
DE
r⃗AD
T~DE = λ̂DE .TDE = (0.133î + 0.733ĵ − 0.667k̂).(810 N ) TCG
r⃗AC
= 107.73 N î + 593.73 N ĵ − 540.27 N k̂
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ AD
 
M =  −0.6 m
 −1 m 3m 

107.73 N 593.73 N −540.27 N 
     
 −1 m 3 m  − ĵ  −0.6 m 3m  + k̂  −0.6 m −1 m 
   
= î 
593.73 N −540.27 N  107.73 N −540.27 N  107.73 N 593.73 N 
= −1240.92 N.mî − 0.972 N.mĵ − 248.51 N.mk̂
~ D = −1240.92 N.mî − 0.972 N.mĵ − 248.51 N.mk̂
M A
~ C = ~rAC × T~CG
b): Moment about A due to force exerted by cable at C: M A

~rAC = 3.3 mî − 1 mĵ + 3 mk̂ ~ = −0.6 mî + 3.3 mĵ − 3 mk̂
CG CG = 4.5 m
CG~
λ̂CG = = −0.133î + 0.733ĵ − 0.667k̂
CG
T~CG = λ̂CG .TCG = (−0.133î+0.733ĵ−0.667k̂).(810 N ) = −107.73 N î+593.73 N ĵ−540.27 N k̂
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ D
 
MA =  3.3 m
 −1 m 3m 

107.73 N 593.73 N −540.27 N 
     
 −1 m 3m   3.3 m 3m   3.3 m −1 m 
= î 
  − ĵ 
  + k̂ 

593.73 N −540.27 N  107.73 N −540.27 N  107.73 N 593.73 N 
= −1240.92 N.mî + 2106 N.mĵ + 2067 N.mk̂
~ D = −1240.92 N.mî + 2106 N.mĵ + 2067 N.mk̂
M A

c): The perpendicular distance from point A to portion DE of cable DEF

Let perpendicular distance be d then, MAD = d.TDE .
p
MAD = (−1240.92)2 + (−0.972)2 + (−248.51)2 = 1265.56 N.m
1265.56 N.m
d= = 1.56 m
810 N
Q7:
Given, My = 120 N.m and Mz = −460 N.m . Let the force at B be TBA

3
 ~ = 2.2 mî − 3.2 mĵ − ak̂
BA p √
BA = 2.22 + (−3.2)2 + a2 = 15.08 + a2
~
BA 2.2TBA 3.2TBA aTBA
T~BA = .TBA = î − ĵ −
BA BA BA BA
~r = OB~ = 4.8ĵ + ak̂
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
TBA
~
 
M = 0 4.8 m a 
 2.2TBA − 3.2T BA
− aTBA BA 

 BA BA
 r⃗
 4.8 m a 
= î  3.2TBA aTBA 
− − BA
 BA   
 0 a   0 4.8 m 
− ĵ  2.2TBA aTBA  + k̂  2.2TBA
  
3.2TBA 
BA
− BA BA
− BA
1.6aTBA 2.2aTBA 10.56TBA
=− î + ĵ − k̂
BA BA BA
2.2aTBA TBA 54.54
My = 120 = or, =
BA BA a
10.56TBA TBA
Mz = −460 = − = 43.56
BA BA
54.54
= 43.56 a = 1.252 m
a
Q9
Fy

C
Fx Fx
m

ay
63

d
0.

o
B 55
Fx ax

Fy

a): Moment about A by resolving forces into horizontal and vertical components
and finding moments of couples

F~C = 60cos20o î + 60sin20o ĵ = 56.38 N î + 20.52 N ĵ

F~B = −60cos20o î − 60sin20o ĵ = −56.38 N î − 20.52 N ĵ
Horizontal force couple has Fx = 56.38 N separated by distance ay = 0.36sin55o =
0.295 m.
Mh,couple = ay Fx = 0.295 × 56.38 = 16.63 N.m 

4
Vertical force couple has Fy = 20.52 N separated by ax = 0.36cos55o = 0.206 m.

Mv,couple = ax Fy = 0.206 × 20.52 = 4.23 N.m

MA = Mh,couple + Mv,couple = −16.63 + 4.23 = −12.4 = 12.4 N.m 

b): The perpendicular distance between two given forces is d = 0.36sin(55o −
20o ) = 0.206 m. Then, moment is

MA = dF = 0.206 × 60 = 12.36 

c): Summing the moment of two forces about A

~rAC = 0.88cos55o î + 0.88sin55o ĵ = 0.505 mî + 0.721 mĵ

~rAB = 0.52cos55o î + 0.52sin55o ĵ = 0.298 mî + 0.426 mĵ
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ C = ~rAC

M A × FC = 0.505 m 0.721 m 0 = −30.29 N.mk̂
56.38 N 20.52 N 0

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ C

MA B = ~rAB × FB =  0.298 m
 0.426 m 0 = 17.90 N.mk̂
−56.38 N −20.52 N 0

~A = M
M ~C +M
~ B = −30.29 N.mk̂ + 17.90 N.mk̂ = −12.39 N.mk̂
A A

~ A = 12.39 N.m 
M

Q10

F F

= MB =
FB

a): Replacing horizontal force P = 80 N with equivalent force couple system at B

Equivalent force: F~B = 80 N ←
~ B = (50 mm) × (80 N ) = 4 N.m
Equivalent Couple moment: M

b): Vertical forces at C and D which are equivalent to couple found in part a
Let’s assume the magnitude of force be F , then, MB = (40 mm) × F .

4 N.m
F = = 100 N
0.04m

5
Hence, F~C = 100 N ↓ and F~D = 100 N ↑.
Q12
a): Resultant of the forces shown.

F~A = −10 N ĵ
F~B = 25cos60o î + 25sin60o ĵ = 12.5 N î + 21.65ĵ
F~C = −40 N î
Resultant force: F~R = F~A + F~B + F~C = −27.5 N î + 11.65 N ĵ
p
Magnitude of resultant:FR = (−27.5)2 + (11.65)2 = 29.87 N
11.65
Direction of resultant: ] tan−1 = 22.96o ]
27.5

FR

A 22.96o B

a c

b): Points where the line of action of resultant intersects AB and BC

Let us suppose that the line intersects AB at distance a from A and BC at distance
c from B. Then, we find a and c by equating the total moment about A with the
moment of Resultant about A.
Total Moment about A is sum of moment due to forces F~A , F~B and F~C and given
moment of 80 N.cm
~ AA = 0
M

~ AB = (12 cm) × 21.65 N = 259.8 N.cmk̂

M
~ C = (8 cm) × 40 N = −320 N.cmk̂
M A

~ A = 25.8 N.cmk̂ − 320 N.cmk̂ + 80 N.cmk̂ = 19.8 N.cmk̂

M
Now, moment at A due to resultant force FR is
~ A = a × 11.65 N = 19.8 N.cm
M or, a = 1.7 cm

To find distance c we use trigonometry

c
tan22.96o = c = (12 − 1.7)tan22.96o = 4.36 cm
12 − a

6
Q13
To replace the forces by an equivalent force-
couple system at A , we need to find resultant
force and total moment about A due to all the
forces. In this calculation we neglect the thick-
ness of machine block and take centerline dis-
tances.

F~B = −300 N î − 50 N ĵ

F~D = −250 N k̂
F~E = −120 N î
Resultant: F~R = F~B + F~C + F~D = −420 N î − 50 N ĵ − 250 N k̂
Total Moment about A
~A = M
M ~B +M
~D+M
~ E = ~rAB × F~B + ~rAD × F~D + ~rAE × F~E
A A A

~rAB = 0.2 mî

~rAD = 0.2 mî + 0.16 mk̂
~rAE = 0.2 mî − 0.1 mĵ + 0.16 mk̂
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ = ~rAB × FC =  0.2 m
B

MA  0 0 = −10 N.mk̂
−300 N −50 N 0

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ AD

M = ~rAD × FD = 0.2 m 0 0.16  = 50 N.mĵ
 0N 0 −250

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ AE = ~rAE

M × FE =  0.2 m −0.1 0.16  = −19.2 N.mĵ − 12 N.mk̂
−120 N 0 0 

~ A = 30.8 N.mĵ − 22 N.mk̂

M

Q14

F~A = −375 N ĵ F~B = −260 N ĵ F~C = −400 N ĵ

Resultant force: F~R = F~A + F~B + F~C = −375 N ĵ − 260 N ĵ − 400 N ĵ = −1035 N ĵ
Let us assume the point of application of resultant force be at D(xD , 0, zD ) Then,
we find value of x and z by equating the moment of resultant about O to the sum
of moment of individual forces about O.

7
~rA = 1 mî + 3 mk̂

~rB = 1.5 mî + 0.5 mk̂

~rC = 4.75 mî + 4.75 mk̂
 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ = ~rA × F~A = 1 m
A

MO  0 3 m = 1125 N.mî − 375 N.mk̂
0 N −375 N 0 

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ ~
B

MO = ~rB × FB = 1.5 m 0 0.5 m = 130 N.mî − 390 N.mk̂
 0N −260 N 0 

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ = ~rC × F~C = 4.75 m
C

MO  0 4.75 m = 1900 N.mî − 1900 N.mk̂
 0N −400 N 0 

~O = M
M ~A+M
~B +M
~ C = 3155 N.mî − 2665 N.mk̂
O O O

Moment about O due to resultant force

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ O =  xD m
 
M 0 zD m = 1035zD N.mî − 1035xD N.mk̂
 
 0N −1035 N 0 

Equating the moments we get,

1035zD = 3155 or, zD = 3.05 m

1035xD = 2665 or, xD = 2.57 m

Q15

F~A = −25 kN ĵ F~B = −75 kN ĵ F~C = −100 kN ĵ F~D = −125 kN ĵ

8
Resultant :

F~R = F~A + F~B + F~C + F~D

= −25 kN ĵ − 75 kN ĵ − 100 kN ĵ − 125 kN ĵ
= −325 kN ĵ

Let us assume the point of application of resul-

tant force be at (x, 0 , z) Then, we find value
of x and z by equating the moment of resultant
about O to the sum of moment of individual
forces about O.

~rA = 4 mî ~rB = 4 mk̂

~rC = −4 mî ~rD = −4 mk̂

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ ~
A

MO = ~rA × FA = 4 m 0 0 = −100 kN.mk̂
0 N −25 kN 0

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ ~
B

MO = ~rB × FB =  0 0 4 m = 300 kN.mî
0 N −75 kN 0 

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ = ~rC × F~C = −4 m
C

MO  0 0 = 400 kN.mk̂
 0N −100 kN 0

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~ OD = ~rD × F~D =  0

M 0 −4 m = −500 kN.mî
0 N −125 kN 0 

~O = M
M ~A+M
~B +M
~C +M
~ D = −200 kN.mî + 300 kN.mk̂
O O O O

Moment about O due to resultant force

 
 î ĵ k̂ 
~O =  x
 
M  0 z  = 325z N.mî − 325x N.mk̂
0 N −325 kN 0

Equating the moments we get,

325z = −200 or, z = −0.615 m

−325x = 300 or, x = −0.923 m