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Lockdown Period
Open Practice Test Series
(Also useful for ESE & Other Exams)
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PI : PRODUCTION & INDUSTRIAL ENGG.

AD

TEST NO. - 12 | APPLIED MECHANICS

Read the following instructions carefully

1. This question paper contains 33 MCQ’s & NAQ’s. Bifurcation of the questions is given below:
M

2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.9 carry 1 mark each

Q.1 For the same given length, cross-section and material, which column can carry highest load?
(a) free at one end, fixed at the other (b) fixed at one end, hinged of the other
(c) fixed at both end (d) hinged at both end

1. (c)

π2E Imin
Pe =
le2
1
Pe ∝
le2
Pe = Buckling load

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Imin = Moment of inertia about centroidal axis
le = Effective length

Q.2 If the ratio G/K = 0.3, then what is the value of the Poisson’s ratio?
(a) 0.2 (b) 0.36
(c) 0.3 (d) 0.26

2. (b)
EA
E = 2G(1 + μ) ... (i)
E = 3K(1 – 2μ) ... (ii)
Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii)
2 G (1 + μ)
1 =
3 K (1 − 2μ)
E

G 3 (1 − 2μ)
=
K 2 (1 + μ)
0.3 × 2
AD

(1 + μ) = (1 – 2μ)
3
After solving, μ = 0.36

Q.3 The ratio of area under the bending moment diagram to the flexural rigidity between any two point along a
beam, gives the change in
(a) deflection (b) slope
M

(c) shear force (d) bending moment

3. (b)
Area of bending moment diagram
Change in slope (Δθ) =
EI
Moment of area of bending moment diagram
Change in deflection(Δy) =
EI
Q.4 A thin cylinder of diameter d and thickness t is subjected to an internal pressure P. The change in diameter
is
Pd2 Pd2
(a) (2 − μ) (b) (1 + μ)
4tE 2tE
Pd2 Pd2
(c) (2 − μ) (d) (1 + μ)
2tE 4tE

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4. (a)
δd Pd
Circumferential strain = = (2 − μ)
d 4tE
Pd 2
∵ δd = (2 − μ )
4tE
Q.5 A solid circular shaft of diameter d and length L is fixed at one end and free at the other end. A torque T
is applied at the free end. The shear modulus of material is G. The angle of twist at the free end is
16TL 32TL
(a) (b)
πd 4G πd 4G
64TL 128TL
(c) 4 (d)
πd G πd 4G

SY
5. (b)
Angle of twist is given by,

TL πd 4
θ = [J = Polar moment of inertia = IP = ]
GJ EA 32
TL 32TL
θ = 4
=
πd πd 4G
G×
32

Q.6 M-θ relationship for a simply supported beam shown below is given by

M M
A B
E
θ θ

l
AD

Ml Ml
(a) = 2θ (b) = 3θ
EI EI
Ml Ml
(c) = 4θ (d) = 6θ
EI EI

6. (a)
M

M M
A C B
θ θ

M
+
EI

M
θC – θA = Area of diagram
EI
M l Ml
0 – θA = + × =
E I 2 2E I

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Ml
θA = −
2E I
Ml
θA = (Anticlockwise)
2E I
Ml
∵ = 2θ A = 2θ
2θ
EI
Q.7 For a given shear force across a symmetrical ‘I ’ section, the intensity of shear stress is maximum at the
(a) extreme fibres
(b) centroid of the section
(c) at the junction of the flange and the web, but on the web
(d) at the junction of the flange and the web, but on the flange

SY
7. (b)

τmax = τNA
N A

Q.8
EA
An axially loaded bar is subjected to a normal stress of 180 MPa. The shear stress in the bar is
(a) 75 MPa (b) 90 MPa
(c) 180 MPa (d) 45 MPa

8. (b)
σ1 − σ2 180 − 0
Shear stress = = = 90 MPa
E
2 2

Q.9 Which of the following statements are correct?

1. Strain in the direction of applied stress is known as longitudinal strain.
AD

2. Tensile stress results in tensile strain in linear and lateral directions.

3. Strain in all directions perpendicular to the applied stress are known as lateral strain.
4. Ratio of change in volume to original volume is known as volumetric strain.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
M

9. (b)
Due to tensile stress, longitudinal strain will be tensile but the lateral strain will be compressive

Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 10 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

Q.10 A pipe of external diameter 3 cm and internal diameter 2 cm and of length 4 m is supported at it’s ends.
It carries a point load of 65 N at it’s centre. The section modulus of the pipe will be _____ cm3.

10. (2.127) (2.0 to 2.15)

π
(Do4 − Di4 )
I 64
Section modulus (z) = = Do = External diameter, Di = Internal diameter
y ⎛ Do ⎞
⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

π ⎛ 34 − 24 ⎞
= × = 2.127 cm3
32 ⎜⎝ 3 ⎟⎠

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Q.11 Principal stresses at a point in an elastic material are 100 MPa tensile, 50 MPa tensile and 25 MPa tensile.
The elastic limit in simple tension is 220 MPa. The factor of safety based on shear strain energy theory is
_____.

11. (3.33) (3.2 to 3.4)

Given, σ1 = 100 MPa, σ2 = 50 MPa,
σ3 = 25 MPa, Syt = 220 MPa,
For maximum shear strain energy theory,
2
⎛ Syt ⎞
(σ1 – σ2)2 + (σ2 – σ3)2 + (σ3 – σ1)2 ≤ 2 ⎜ [Where, N = factor of safety]
⎝ N ⎟⎠

SY
2
⎛ 220⎞
(100 – 50)2 + (50 – 25)2 + (25 – 100)2 = 2 ⎜
⎝ N ⎟⎠

After solving,
∵ Factor of safety, N = 3.326 ~ 3.33

Q.12 The maximum bending stress induced in a steel wire of modulus of elasticity 300 kN/mm2 and diameter

12. (300) (295 to 305)

EA
2 mm when would on a drum of diameter 2 m is equal to _____ N/mm2.

ymax =
t
2
Given: E = 300 × 103 N/mm2

2
ymax = = 1 mm R
2

2000
E

R = = 1000 mm
2
Maximum bending stress:
AD

Ey max Ey max Ey max ⎡ t⎤

(σb)max = = ≈ ⎢R >>> 2 ⎥
R1 t R ⎣ ⎦
R+
2

300 × 103 × 1
=
1000
M

= 300 N/mm2

⎡40 0 ⎤
Q.13 Mohr’s circle for the state of stress is defined by ⎢ ⎥ MPa is a circle with radius _____ MPa.
⎣ 0 40 ⎦

13. (0) (No range)

The maximum and minimum principal stresses are same. So, radius of circle becomes zero and centre is
at (40, 0). The circle is represented by a point.

Q.14 Total number of material constants that are necessary and sufficient to describe the three dimensional
Hook’s law for an isotropic material is _____.

14. (2) (No range)

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Q.15 If E = 2.06 × 105 N/mm2, an axial pull of 60 kN suddenly applied to a steel rod 50 mm in diameter and 4 m
long. The instantaneous elongation of the steel rod is ______________ mm.

15. (1.186
(1.18677 ) (1.17 to 1.2)
2PL 2 × 60 × 103 × 4000
Instantaneous elongation = Δ = = = 1.1867 mm
5 ⎛ π × 50 ⎞
AE 2
2.06 × 10 × ⎜
⎝ 4 ⎟⎠

Q.16 A shaft is subjected to a bending moment (M) = 500 Nm and torque (T) = 300 Nm. The equivalent bending
moment is _____ Nm.

16. (541.5) (540 to 542)

1⎡ 1
M 2 + T 2 + M ⎤ = ⎡ 5002 + 3002 + 500⎤

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Equivalent bending moment =
2 ⎣⎢ ⎦⎥ 2 ⎣⎢ ⎦⎥

1
=
2
[ 583 + 500] = 541.5 Nm

Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.25 carry 2 marks each

EA
Q.17 A bar of uniform cross-section of 400 mm2 is loaded as shown in the figure. The stress at section 1 - 1 is
1

35 kN 20 kN 10 kN
25 kN

1
(a) 87.5 N/mm2 (b) 500 N/mm2
E

(c) 37.5 N/mm2 (d) 250 N/mm2

17. (a)
AD

At section 1-1,
Force (F) = 35 kN (Compressive)
Area (A) = 400 mm2

F 35000
Stress = = = 87.5 N/mm2 (Compressive)
A 400
M

Q.18 Match List-I (Theory of Failure) with List-II (Failure Envelope) and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the lists: (μ = Poisson’s ratio)
List-I List-II
A. Maximum shear stress theory 1. Rhomboid
σ
B. Maximum strain energy theory 2. Ellipse with semi-major axis
1− μ

σ
and semi-minor axis
1+ μ

2
C. Maximum shear strain energy theory 3. Ellipse with semi-major axis 2 σ and semi-minor axis σ
3
D. Maximum principal strain theory 4. Hexagonal

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Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 2 3 1
(c) 1 3 2 4
(d) 4 3 2 1

18. (b)

Q.19 A column of length L has its one end fixed and other hinged. The cross-section is a circle of diameter D.
The slenderness ratio is :
L L
(a) 2 (b) 2 2
D D

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L L
(c) 2 (d) 4
D D

19. (b)
L
Effective length of column (Le) =
2

Least radius of gyration (k) =

EA
Imin. ⎛ πD 4
=⎜ ×
4 ⎞
⎟
1/2

=
D
A ⎝ 64 πD 2 ⎠ 4

⎛ L ⎞
⎜⎝ ⎟
L 2⎠
Slenderness ratio (s) = e =
k ⎛D⎞
⎜⎝ ⎟⎠
4
E

L
s = 2 2
D
AD

Q.20 An elastic isotropic body is in a hydrostatic state of stress as shown in the figure. For no change in the
volume to occur, what should be its Poisson’s ratio?

σy
M

σx
σz

(a) 0.00 (b) 0.25

(c) 0.50 (d) 1.00

20. (c)
⎛ σ x + σy + σz ⎞
Volumetric strain, ∈V = ⎜ ⎟⎠ (1 − 2μ)
⎝ 3

δV ⎛ σ x + σy + σz ⎞
V
= ⎜
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ (1 − 2μ)

As, δV = 0

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⇒ either, σx + σy + σz = 0 or 1 – 2μ = 0
⇒ 1 – 2μ = 0
1
μ = = 0.5
2
Poisson’s ratio, μ = 0.50

Q.21 For the stress state (in MPa) shown in the figure, the major principal stress is 10 MPa.
5

5 5

SY
τ

The shear stress τ is:

(a) 10.0 MPa (b) 5.0 MPa
(c) 2.5 MPa
EA (d) none of these

21. (b)
σy = 5

σx σx = 5
E
AD

σ2
σy σ1

σ1
σ2

σx + σy = σ1 + σ2
5 + 5 = 10 + σ2
M

σ2 = 0
2
σ x + σy ⎛ σ x − σy ⎞
Now, σ1, 2 = ± ⎜ + τ 2xy
2 ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

2
5+ 5 ⎛ 5 − 5⎞
σ1 = + ⎜ + τ2xy
2 ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

10 = 5 + τxy
τxy = τ = 5.0 MPa

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Q.22 In the propped cantilever beam carrying a uniformly distributed load of W N/m, as shown in the figure, the
reaction at the support B is

w N/m

A B

5 3
(a) wl (b) wl
8 8
1 3
(c) wl (d) wl
2 4

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22. (b)

w N/m

A B

RB

Deflection at propped end = 0

EA
wl 4 RB × l 3
+ − = 0
8E I 3E I
RBl 3 wl 4
=
3E I 8E I
E
3
RB = wl
8

Q.23 Identify the uniaxial compressive loading condition from the following four Mohr circles.
AD

τ τ

(a) (b)

σ σ
M

τ τ

(c) (d)

σ σ

23. (a)
As the uniaxial compressive loading, minor principal stress will be zero.

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Q.24 Consider four thin-walled beams of different open cross-sections, as shown in the cases (i - iv). A shear
force of magnitude ‘F’ acts vertically downward at the location ‘P’ in all the beams. In which of the following
case, does the shear force induce bending and twisting?

Case (i) Case (ii) P

F
F

SY
P
F P
Case (iii) Case (iv)
F

(a) (i) EA (b) (ii)

(c) (iii) (d) (iv)

24. (b)
In cases (i) (iii) and (iv), shear force ‘F’ act as a transverse shear load.
In case (ii), shear force ‘F’ act as eccentric transverse shear load.

Q.25 A bar made of linear elastic isotropic material is fixed at one end and subjected to an axial force of 1 kN
at the other end. The cross-sectional area of the bar is 100 mm2, length is 100 mm and the Young’s
E

modulus is 1 × 105 N/mm2, the strain energy stored in the bar is:
(a) 10 Nmm (b) 5 Nmm
(c) 1 Nmm (d) 0.5 Nmm
AD

25. (b)
Given: A = 100 mm2
P = 1 kN
L = 100 mm
M

E = 1 × 105 N/mm2
1 kN
1 P 2L 1 1 × 103 × 103 × 100
∵ Strain energy, S.E. = × = ×
2 AE 2 100 × 105
= 5 Nmm

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 26 to Q. 33 carry 2 marks each

Q.26 A 20 m diameter spherical tank is to be used to store gas. The shell plating is 10 mm thick and the working
stress of the material is 125 MPa. Then the maximum permissible gas pressure (P) is _____ MPa.

26. (0.25) (0.24 to 0.26)

Given: d = 20 m
t = 0.01 m
σ = 125 MPa
∴ For a sphere, the stress in all direction is uniform and given by

Pd
σ =
4t

SY
P(20)
125 × 106 =
4 × (0.01)
P = 0.25 MPa

Q.27 The shear stress at the neutral axis in a beam of triangular section with a base of 40 mm and height
EA
20 mm, subjected to a shear force of 3 kN is _____ MPa.

27. (10) (9.5 to 10.5)

N A 20 mm
E

40 mm
AD

Shear stress at neutral axis, (τNA):

4 4 P
τNA = × τ avg = ×
3 3 bh / 2

4 3 × 103 × 2
= × = 10 MPa
20 × 40
M

3
Q.28 A mass is subjected to hydrostatic pressure of 6 MPa. If each of the measured strains εxx = εyy = εzz is
2.0 mm/m, then the bulk modulus in GPa, is _____.

28. (1) (No range)

∵ Volumetric strain, εv = εxx + εyy + εzz
= 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 mm/m = 6 × 10–3

Hydrostatic stress 6
∵ Bulk modulus = =
Volumetric strain 6 × 10 −3

= 1 GPa

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Q.29 A steel wire hangs from a high-altitude balloon. The steel has unit weight 80 kN/m3 and yield stress of
300 MPa. The required factor of safety against yield is 2.0. The maximum permissible length of the wire is
_____ m.

29. (1875) (1874 to 1876)

γ = 80 kN/m3
Syt = 300 MPa
FOS = 2

Syt
σmax ≤ [σ = γL]
FOS

300 × 106

SY
γL ≤
2

300 × 106
Length, L = = 1875 m
2 × 80 × 103

Q.30 A horizontal bar with a constant cross-section is subjected to loading as shown in the figure. The Young’s
modulus for the section AB and BC are 4E and 2E, respectively.
A
EA 4E
B

P 2E
C

L L

For the deflection at C to be zero, the ratio P/F is _____.

30. (3) (No range)

E

Given, ΔC = 0
ΔAB + ΔBC = 0
AD

(F − P )L FL
+ = 0 [where, A = Cross-sectional area]
A × 4E A × 2E

F −P
+F = 0
2
F – P + 2F = 0
M

3F = P

P
or = 3
F

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Q.31 For the tensile stress-strain curve of a material shown in the schematic, the resilience (in MPa) is _____.
Stress, MPa

500

350

0.01 0.1 Strain

31. (1.75) (1.74 to 1.76)

Resilience = Area under stress-strain curve in elastic limit

SY
1
= × 350 × 0.01
2
= 1.75 MPa

Q.32 The cross section of a bar is subjected to a uniaxial tensile stress of 100 MPa. The tangential stress on a
plane inclined at 30° to the longitudinal axis of the bar would be __________ MPa.

32. (43.
(43.33 ) (43 to 44)
EA
θ
30°

θ = 90° – 30° = 60°

E

Tangential stress = p cos θ sinθ

sin2θ
= p = 43 .3 MPa
2
AD

Q.33 At a point in a body ∈1 = 0.0006 and ∈2 = –0.00014. If E = 3 × 105 MPa and μ = 0.25, the smallest normal
stress is __________ MPa.

33. (3.2) (3 – 3.4)

Smallest normal stress:

E
M

σ2 = (∈2 +μ ∈1)
1 − μ2

3 × 105
= (−0.00014 + 0.25 × 0.0006)
1 − 0.252
= 3.2 MPa



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