Made Easy: Lockdown Period Open Practice Test Series

SY
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EA
Lockdown Period
Open Practice Test Series
(Also useful for ESE & Other Exams)
E
EC : ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
AD
TEST No. - 11 | ELECTROMAGNETICS
Read the following instructions carefully

1. This question paper contains 33 MCQ’s & NAQ’s. Bifurcation of the questions are given below:
M
2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.10 carry 1 mark each
Q.1 The electric field of a uniform plane wave is given by

E = 10sin(ωt − πz )aˆ x +10 cos(ωt − πz )aˆ y (V/m) . The polarization of the wave is
(a) Circular (b) Elliptical
(c) Linear (d) Undefined
1. (a)

 E x =  E y , and the angle between E x , E y is 90°, which means polarization is circular.
Q.2 Determine the electric field intensity at a distance of 10 km from an antenna having a directive gain of 5 dB
and radiating a total power of 20 kW
(a) 0.1732 V/m (b) 0.346 V/m
SY
(c) 0.195 V/m (d) 0.398 V/m
2. (c)
5 = (Gd)dB
or Gd = 3.162
Prad × Gd
EA
Pavg. =
4πr 2
E
2
Prad × Gd
or =
2η 4πr 2
or E = 0.195 V/m

Q.3 A medium is characterised by µ = µ0, ε = 9ε0 and E = 20sin(108t – βz ) ay V/m. Then the value of β
E
(in rad/m) is
1 2
(a) (b)
3 3
AD
4
(c) 1 (d)
3
3. (c)
β = ω µε 0
β = ω µ0 ε0 ⋅ 9
M
108 × 3 1
β = ∵c = = 3 × 108 m/sec
3 × 10 8 µ0 ∈0
3
β = = 1rad/m
3
50 40
Q.4 Given J = aρ + 2 az A/m2 , then the total current crossing the plane z = 0.2 in the az direction, for
ρ ρ +4
ρ varying as 0 < ρ ≤ 16.
(a) 500.34 (b) 515.26
(c) 520.67 (d) 524.57
2 • ELECTROMAGNETICS (Basic Level) www.madeeasy.in © Copyright : MADE EASY

4. (d)
16 2π
40
I = ∫ J ⋅ ds = ∫ ∫ ρ2 + 4 ⋅ ρ dρ dφ
0 0
Let p = +4ρ2
dp = 2ρ d ρ
dp
= ρd ρ
2
260
40(2π)  dp  260
=
2
⋅ ∫ 
 p
 = 40π l n
 4
4
I = 524.57 Amp
SY
Q.5 Match List-I (Type of Antenna) with List-II (Example) and select the correct answer using the codes.
List-I List-II
A. Aperture antenna 1. Helical antenna
B. Circularly polarized antenna 2. Point source
C. Frequency independent antenna 3. Log periodic antenna
D. Isotropic antenna 4. Microstrip antenna
A B C D
(a) 3
(b) 4
2
1
4
3
1
2
EA
(c) 3 1 4 2
(d) 4 2 3 1
5. (b)
Q.6 The radiation field of an antenna at a distance “r ” varies as

E
1 1
(a) (b)
r r2
1 1
AD
(c) 3 (d)
r r4
6. (a)
Q.7 The attenuation constant α for a distortionless transmission line is

C
(a) α = 0 (b) α = R
L
M
L
(c) α = R (d) None of these
C
7. (b)
For a distortionless line
R G
=
L C
RC C
α = RG = R ⋅ L = R L
β = ω LC

Q.8 For an elliptically polarized wave incident on the interface at Brewster angle, the reflected wave will
be ________.
(a) Elliptically polarized (b) Linearly polarized
(c) Right circularly polarized (d) Left circularly polarized
8. (b)
0 1
Q.9 S-matrix for a two port transmission line is given by  1 0  . The reflection coefficient and the transmitted
 
power through port 1 for the input power of 5 mW is
(a) 1, 0 mW (b) 0, 5 mW
(c) 1, 3 mW (d) 0, 3 mW
SY
9. (b)
∵ S12 = S21 ⇒ Matched line
∴ No reflection; and Ptransmitted = 5 × 1 = 5 mW
Q.10 If the voltage reflection coefficient at the load is Γv (l) and the current reflection coefficient is given by
Γv (l )
ΓI (l), then the ratio
(a) 1
Γ I (l )
EA
= ________.
(b) –1
(c) (Γv (l))2 (d) (ΓI (l))2
10. (b)
If Γv (l) = Γ(l)
ΓI (l) = –Γ(l)
Γv (l )
E
thus = –1
Γ I (l )
Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 11 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

AD
Q.11 The critical angle for water (refractive index, n0 = 1.33) and glass (refractive index, ng = 1.5) interface
is ________ (degrees).
11. 62.45 (62.00 to 63.00)

The calculate critical angle, the ray must move from denser to rare medium, i.e. glass of water.
Water
M
θc
Glass
ng sinθc = n0 sin90°
 
−1 n0
θc = sin  
 ng 
−1  1.33 
θc = sin 
 1.5 
θc = 62.45°

Q.12 A lossless transmission line of length 25 cm with L = 2 µH/m, C = 450 pF/m is operated at 20 MHz. The
electrical length is ____________ radians.
12. 0.942 (0.90 to 1.00)

For a lossless line
β = ω LC
Electrical length = β l
−18 25
= 2π × 20 × 10 900 × 10 ×
6
100
−9 25
= 40π × 10 × 30 × 10 ×
6
= 10π × 106 × 30 × 10–9
100
= 3π × 10–1
SY
3π
= = 0.9424
10
Q.13 A 50 Ω lossless transmission line is terminated by load impedance, ZL = 50 – j 75 Ω. If the incident power
is 100 mW, then the power dissipated by the load is ________ mW.
13. (64) EA
Pt
= 1 –  ΓL 2
Pi
Z L − Z 0 50 − j 75 − 50 − j 75 3
ΓL = = = =
Z L + Z 0 50 − j 75 + 50 100 − j 75 3 + j 4
3
 Γ = = 0.6
5
Pt = (1 – 0.36) × 100 = 64 mW
E
Power dissipated by the load is 64 mW.
Q.14 A civilian radar has a maximum range of 30 kms. The maximum range if the equivalent echoing area
AD
becomes 50 times is _________ km.
14. 79.77 (79 to 81)

Rmax ∝ σ1/4
1/ 4
Rmax 2  σ2 
=   = (50)1/ 4
Rmax 1  σ1 
M
Rmax = (50)1/4 × (30) = 79.77 km

2
Q.15 At a distance of 6 km, from an antenna, the field strength is 12 V/m. The field strength at a distance of
d km is 6 V/m. Then d is __________ km. (Use for field approximations)
15. (12)
1
for far field, E ∝
d
E1 d
= 2
E2 d1
12 d
=
6 6
⇒ d = 12 km

Q.16 The speed of light in a glass of refractive index (ng = 1.5) is ______ × 108 cm/s.
16. (200)
c
n =
v
c 3 × 108
v = = = 2 × 108 m/s
n 3/2
v = 200 × 108 cm/s
Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.26 carry 2 marks each
Q.17 A charge of uniform density ρs = (7/22) nC/m2 covers the plane 2x – 2y + z = 5, E (Electric field intensity
in V/m) on the side containing the origin is
(a) –12ax – 12ay + 6az (b) –12ax + 12ay – 6az
SY
(c) 12ax – 12ay + 6az (d) 12ax + 12ay + 6az
17. (b)
Aa x + Bay + Caz
an =
A2 + B 2 + C 2
ρs
E =
2 ε0
an
EA
7 × 10 −9
= an
1
22 × 2 × × 10 −9
36π
7 22
= × 18 × = 18 an
22 7
18(2a x − 2ay + az )
E
E = = 12 a x − 12 ay + 6 az
3

E (containing origin) = –12ax + 12 ay – 6az
AD
Q.18 Infinite number of straight wires, each carrying current I are equally placed as shown. Adjacent wires have
current in opposite direction. Net magnetic field at point P, is
x x x x
a
30°
p
M
30°
1
2
3
4
µ 0 I l n4 µ0 I l n2
(a) (− k ) (b) 2 π (k )
4π 3a 3a
µ0 I l n4
(c) (k ) (d) zero
2π 3a

18. (b)
4
3
2
1
30°
d
2d
3d
4d
µ0 I
B = (sin θ1 + sin θ2 )
4πd
SY
B = B1(k) + B2(– k) + B3(k) + .....
µ0 I  1 1 1 
B =  1− + − + ....
4πd  2 3 4 
d
cos 30° =
a
3
d =
2
a
µ0 I
EA
B = l n2
4 πd
µ0 I
= l n2
2π 3a
µ0 I l n2
=
E
2π 3a
Q.19 Four electric charges +q, +q, –q and –q are placed at the corners of a square of side 2 L as shown below.
The electric potential at point A, midway between the two charges +q and +q is
AD
+q –q
L
M
+q –q
2L
1 2q  1 
(a) zero (b) 4π ε ⋅ L  1 + 
0 5
1 2q 
(c) 4π ε ⋅ L  1 −
0
1 
5

1 2q
(d) 4π ε ⋅ L 1 + 5
0
( )
19. (c)
kq1 kq2 kq3 kq4

V = + + +
L1 L2 L3 L4
q1 = q , L1 = L

q2 = q , L2 = L
q3 = – q , L3 = 5L
q4 = – q , L4 = 5L
1q 1 1 1 1 
V =  + − − 
4πε0 L L 5L 5 L 
kq  2 
V =  2− 
L  5
1 2q  1 
= ⋅ 1−
4π ε0 L  5

SY
Q.20 Two extensive homogeneous isotropic dielectrics meet on plane z = 0. For z > 0, ∈r1 = 4 and for z < 0,
∈r2 = 3. A uniform electric field
E1 = 5ax – 2ay + 3az kV/m exists for z ≥ 0. The energy density (in J/m3) in the medium for z < 0
is ________µJ/m3. EA
20. (597) (595 to 600)
E1n = E2an = E1 ⋅ az = 3
E1n = 3az
E1t = E1 – E1n = 5ax – 2ay
E2t = E1t = 5ax – 2ay
D1n = D2n
E
∈r2 E2n = ∈r1 E1n
∈r1 4
E2n = E1n = (3a z ) = 4a z
∈r2
AD
E2 = E2t + E2n
E2 = 5ax – 2ay + 4az kV/m
1 2
WE1 = ∈1 E1
2
M
1
WE1 = × (4 × 8.854 × 10 −12 )(25 + 4 + 9) × 106
2
WE2 = 672 µJ/m3
1
WE2 = ∈2E22
2
1
WE2 = × (3 × 8.854 × 10 −12)(25 + 4 + 16)106
2
WE2 = 597 µJ/m3

θ
Q.21 Given that D = (1− cos3r ) ar in spherical coordinates, the charge density is _________.
πr 2
3θ
(a) zero (b)
πr 2
3θ 2θ
(c) sin3r (d) sin3r
πr 2
πr 2
21. (c)

∇ ⋅D = ρ
1 ∂ 2 θ 
2 ∂r 
r 2
(1 − cos3r )  = 3θ2 sin3 r
r  πr  πr
SY

Q.22 If E = E m sin(ωt – βz )ay V/m in lossless medium with µr = 1, εr = 9. The magnetic field intensity H (in A/m)
is given as (Given Em = 1 V/m)
1 1
(a) − sin(ωt − βz) ax (b) sin(ωt − βz) ax
120 π 120 π
1 1
sin(ωt − βz) ax (d) − sin(ωt − βz) ax
22.
(c)
(d)
40 π
EA 40 π

∂B
∇ × E = − ∂t
ax ay az

∂ ∂ ∂ ∂B
= −
E
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t
0 E m sin(ωt − β z ) 0

AD
∂B
− = β⋅ Em cos(ωt – βz )ax
∂t
βE m
B = − sin(ωt − βz ) a x
ω
βEm
H = − sin(ωt − βz) ax
µω
M
[β = ω µε = ω µ0 ε0 µr εr ; β = 3ω µ0 ε 0 ]
3ω µ 0 ε 0
⇒ H = − µ ω sin(ωt − β z ) a x
0
ε0
H = −3 sin(ωt − β z ) a x
µ0
−3
H = 120 π sin(ωt − β z ) a x
−1
H = 40 π sin(ωt − β z ) a x

Q.23 In a lossless non-magnetic medium the peak value of electric field is given as 12 V/m . If the relative
permittivity is given as εr = 100/π2, then the time averaged power (in W/m 2) will be
(a) 6π 2 (b) 0.6/π
(c) 6/π2 (d) 12/π 2
23. (c)
E2
pavg = ⋅ an
2η
η0 η0 120π
η = = ×π= ×π
εr 10 10
η = 12 π 2
12 × 12
(W / m2 )
SY
pavg =
2 × 12 π2
6
= 0.6 ≈ (W/ m2 )
π2
Q.24 Consider the following transmission line with characteristic impedance of 50 Ω is terminated by a load of
j 50 Ω. The line is exicited by a 30 MHz source.
EA
+
Vs Z0 = 50 Ω ZL = j50
f = 30 MHz –
The distance of the first voltage maxima from the load towards source is __________.
E
(a) 75 cm (b) 100 cm

(c) 125 cm (d) 150 cm
AD
24. (c)
ZL − Z0 j 50 − 50
ΓL = Z + Z = j 50 + 50
L 0
j −1 2 ∠135°
ΓL = = = 1∠90°
j +1 2 ∠45°
π
M
∠ ΓL = 90° =
2
 π
when moving towards source from load, the first maxima is encountered at   radians
2
λ → 720°
π
λ/8 → 90°  
 2
c 3 × 108 3 × 108
λ = = = = 10 m
f 30 × 106 3 × 107
λ 10
= = 1.25 m = 125 cm
8 8


Q.25 A uniform plane wave in air with E = 10cos(ωt – 3x – 3z )ay V/m is incident on a dielectric slab (z ≥ 0)

with µr = 1, εr = 3, σ = 0. The reflected E field (in V/m) is
(a) −2.5cos(ωt − 3 x + 3 z ) ay (b) −2.5cos(ωt + 3 x + 3 z ) ay
(c) − 5cos(ωt + 3 x + 3 z ) ay (d) − 5cos(ωt − 3 x + 3 z ) ay
25. (d)

From the E field, propagation vector is

k1 = 3ax + 3 az
ω
⇒ k1 = 12 =
c
SY
ω = 3 12 × 108 m/s
A unit vector normal to the interface (z = 0) is az . The plane containing K and az is y = constant, Which is
XZ plane, the plane of incidence. Since E1 is normal to the plane, it is perpendicular polarization.
ki x 3
tan θi = = = 3
ki z 3
x
θ i = 60°
εr ⋅ sin60° =
EA
3 ⋅ sinθt
εr = 1 εr = 3
3 θt = 30°
1× = 3 ⋅ sinθt z
2 θi = 60°
θ t = 30°
θ i = 60°
z=0
Ero η cos θi − η1 cos θt
Γ1 = = 2
E
E i o η2 cos θi + η1 cos θt
η1 = η0 = 377 Ω
377
AD
η2 =
3
377 1 377 3377  1 
⋅ −  − 3
3 2 2 2  3 
Γ1 = =
377 1 377 3 377  1 
⋅ +  + 3
3 2 2 2 3 
M
1 − 3 −2
Γ1 = = = − 0.5
1+ 3 4
Ero
Γ1 = −0.5 =
10
Ero = –5

Er = −5cos(ωt − 3 x + 3z ) ay V/m

Q.26 If the VSWR (Voltage standing wave ratio) is 3. Then the return loss of the transmission line is
(a) 3 dB (b) 6 dB
(c) 9 dB (d) 12 dB
26. (b)
Return loss = –20log10 Γ
1 + Γ
VSWR =
1 − Γ
1 + Γ
3 =
1 − Γ
1
 Γ =
2
SY
1
Return loss = −20log10
2
= 20 × 0.3 = 6 dB
Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q.27 to Q.33 carry 2 marks each

∫ R ⋅ ds =
EA
Q.27 For a vector field R = x yz 2ax + xy 2zay + x 2yzaz . The value of
s
________ (where s is the closed
surface of the unit cube as shown below.)

z
G
F
E
D C
y
O E
AD
A B
x
27. 0.583 (0.55 to 0.65)

11 11 11
∫ R ⋅ ds = ∫ ∫ xyz dy dz + ∫ ∫ xy zd x dz + ∫ ∫ x yzd x dy
2 2 2
M
00 00 00
= I1 + I2 + I3
11 11
1 1 1
I1 = ∫ ∫ 0 ⋅ dy dz + ∫ ∫ yz dy dz =
2
⋅ =
00 00
2 3 6
The first integral is for surface OGFE and second integral for surface ABCD .
11
1 1 1
similarly, I2 = −0 + ∫ ∫ xzd x ⋅ dz = ⋅ =
00
2 2 4
11
1 1 1
I3 = −0 + ∫ ∫ x y d xdy =
2
and ⋅ =
00
3 2 6
1 1 1 7

∫ R ⋅ ds = 6 + 4 + 6 = 12 = 0.583
Q.28 The electric field between two concentric cylindrical conductors in air each with radius 0.01 m and 0.05 m
 105 
is given by E =   ar V/m (fringing fields are neglected). If the energy stored in L m length of such an
 r 
arrangement is 0.224 Joules, then L is __________ (m).
28. 0.5 (0.45 to 0.55)

1
= 2 ∫ ε0E dv
2
W E′
V
h + L 2 π 0.05 2
ε0  105 
0.224 =
2 ∫ ∫ ∫  r  rdr d φdz
h 0 0.01  
0.05
ε0 1010
∫ r dr
SY
0.224 = × L × 2π ×
2 0.01
0.224 × 2 × 10−10
L =
ε 0 × 2π × l n5
L = 0.5 m
mmode is Ey = 12sin 
 3 πy 
EA
Q.29 Consider an air-filled rectangular waveguide with a = 6 cm and b = 9 cm. The y component of the TE mn
 2 π x
sin(10π × 1010 t − βz ) V/m . The intrinsic impedance is _______ Ω.
a 
cos 
 b 
29. 380.82 (379 to 382)

Mode is TE mn = TE23
η0
ηTE =
E
2
f 
1−  c 
f
η0 = 120 π
AD
10π × 1010
f = = 5 × 1010 Hz
2π
1 1
3 × 108   2  3  2
2 2
c   m  n  2
2 2
fc =  +    =    +   
2   a  b  2 × 10−2   6  9 
M
3 × 1010 2 1
= ⋅ = × 1010 Hz
2 3 2
fc 1
=
f 5 2
1 η0 η0 50
η TE = η0 ⋅ = =
2 7
 1  1−
1
1− 
 5 2  50
5η0 2
= = 380.82 ≈ 381 Ω
7

Q.30 λ/4
λ/4
Zin Yin
λ/4 100 Ω
100 Ω
λ/4
Two identical antennas, each of input impedance 100 Ω are fed with 3 identical quarter wave lines as
shown. The input impedance at the source end is ______ Ω. (Z0 = 50 Ω for all lines)
30. (200)
SY
Z02
Zi n =
Zx
1 Z L1 Z L2 1 200 4
Z x = Z 2 + Z 2 = Z 2 (200) = 50 × 50 = 50
0 0 0
50
Zx =
4
EA
50 × 50 × 4
Zi n = = 200 Ω
50
Q.31 A mast antenna consisting of a 50 m long vertical conductor operates over a perfectly conducting ground
plane. It is base-fed at a frequency of 600 kHz. The radiation resistance of the antenna (in Ω) is _______.
31. 3.95 (3.80 to 4.10)

E
as it is on conducting plane
2
2  dl 
Rrad = 40 π  
 λ
AD
d l = 50 m
3 × 108 1
λ = = × 103 = 500
6 × 10 5
2
dl 50 1
= =
λ 500 10
M
1
R rad = 40 π ×
2
100
= 3.9478 Ω
Q.32 A radar system which operates at wavelength of 3 cm with peak pulse power of 600 kW has an effective
area of the antenna 5 m2, minimum detectable signal power 10–13 W. If the cross sectional area of target
is 20 m2, then the maximum range of the radar is __________ km.
32. 717.66 (715 to 725)

λ = 3 cm
Pt = 600 kW
Smin = 10 –13 W
Ae = 5 m2
σ = 20 m2
Rmax = ?

1
 P A2 σ  4
Rmax =  t e 
 4πλ Smin 
2
1
 600 × 103 × 52 × 20  4
=  −2 2 −13 
 4π ⋅ (3 × 10 ) × 10 
Rmax = 717.657 km
Q.33 A dielectric waveguide is shown with refractive indices as labelled. Incident light enters at an angle φ1. If
once the light totally reflects at upper n1 – n2 interface, then the light remains confined to the guide the
maximum value φ 1 for which the confinement occurs is ________ degrees.
SY
n2 n2 = 1.20
air φ2 n1
φ1 n1 = 1.50
n2 n2 = 1.20
33. 64.16 (64 to 65)

EA n2
φ2 n1
90° – φ2
φ1
Applying snells law

E
n0 sin φ1 = n1sin(90 – φ2)

n0 sin φ1 = n1cosφ2
AD
n2
n1sinφ2 = n2sin90° ⇒ sinφ2 =
n1
For reflections, maximum angle is φ is critical angle.

1
 n  2
2
n0sinφ1 = n1 ⋅  1 −  2  
  n1  
M
n0sinφ1 =
(
n1 n12 − n22 ) 2
n1
n 0 = 1 (air)
1
sinφ1 = (n 2
1 − n22 ) 2
sinφ1 = Numerical aperture

1
−1
φ1 = sin n1 − n2
2 2
( ) 2 = sin–1(0.9) ≈ 64.16°


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Made Easy: Lockdown Period Open Practice Test Series

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TEST No. - 11 | ELECTROMAGNETICS

Read the following instructions carefully

2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.

Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.10 carry 1 mark each

Q.1 The electric field of a uniform plane wave is given by

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Q.6 The radiation field of an antenna at a distance “r ” varies as

Q.7 The attenuation constant α for a distortionless transmission line is

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 11 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

11. 62.45 (62.00 to 63.00)

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12. 0.942 (0.90 to 1.00)

Power dissipated by the load is 64 mW.

becomes 50 times is _________ km.

14. 79.77 (79 to 81)

Rmax = (50)1/4 × (30) = 79.77 km

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.26 carry 2 marks each

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kq1 kq2 kq3 kq4

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∈r2 = 3. A uniform electric field

∈r2 E2n = ∈r1 E1n

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(a) 75 cm (b) 100 cm

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q.27 to Q.33 carry 2 marks each

surface of the unit cube as shown below.)

27. 0.583 (0.55 to 0.65)

28. 0.5 (0.45 to 0.55)

29. 380.82 (379 to 382)

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31. 3.95 (3.80 to 4.10)

32. 717.66 (715 to 725)

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33. 64.16 (64 to 65)

Applying snells law

n0 sin φ1 = n1sin(90 – φ2)

For reflections, maximum angle is φ is critical angle.

sinφ1 = Numerical aperture

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